JPS6135892A - Treatment of waste dry battery - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable the efficient treatment of waste dry batteries by reducing a storage space, by magnetically separating a ferrous metal from waste containing waste dry batteries to pulverize the same and recovering a powdery substance containing mercury from the pulverized one by screening or magnetic separation. CONSTITUTION:A ferrous metal 4 containing waste dry batteries is classified from urban garbage 1 taken out from bags by a bag breaking machine 2 by a magnetic separator 3. At this time, button shaped small batteries are also classified together and screened by a first vibration screen 5. Herein, the classified substance is classified into large metals 7 such as beverage cans and small metal pieces 8 containing waste dry batteries and the small metal pieces 8 containing waste dry batteries are sent to a pulverizer 9 to be pluverized to take out powdery substances such as fine pieces containing mercury hermetically sealed in the outer cylinders of waste dry batteries to the outside. These powdery substances are sent to a second vibration screen 10 to be classified into a powdery substance containing mercury and a substance 12 with a large particle size containing no mercury such as outer cylinders or positive electrodes. By this method, mercury of waste dry batteries can be efficiently recovered and the storage space of waster dry batteries can be reduced.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field 1] The present invention relates to a method for separating waste dry batteries contained in municipal waste and other wastes and recovering mercury contained in the waste dry batteries.

[Prior Art] In recent years, environmental pollution due to mercury contained in waste dry batteries has become a problem, and many local governments have begun to separate and collect waste dry batteries. Shigashi,
Separate collection at each household cannot be expected to have a high collection rate.
．． Many waste batteries are disposed of in municipal waste, incinerated, or landfilled. However, when it is incinerated,
Vaporized mercury is emitted from chimneys and pollutes the atmosphere, and when it is landfilled, the outer cylinders of used dry batteries corrode in the soil, leaching mercury and contaminating the soil. This is linked to pollution problems.

Up until now, waste batteries discarded in municipal garbage and other waste have not been collected, and have been left unchecked. In addition, a small amount of used dry batteries that are collected separately from households are stored in containers and temporarily stored, and then processed through concrete solidification, asphalt solidification, or transportation to mercury processing plants.

[Problem to be Solved by the Invention 1] However, in the prior art, waste dry batteries have a large capacity in their original form, have poor processing efficiency in storage and solidification, and have high transportation costs when sent to processing plants (problems such as was there.

The present invention solves these conventional problems by magnetically separating and crushing ferrous metals such as used dry batteries thrown into waste, and separating them from mercury-containing powder materials and other outer cylinders, etc. By separating or processing only the powdery substances containing mercury, we can reduce the storage space, enable efficient processing, improve transportation efficiency, and contribute to solving pollution problems. There is a purpose.

Means for Solving Problem E 1 The present invention, as a means for solving the above problem, magnetically separates ferrous metals from waste including waste dry batteries, crushes the ferrous metals, and then removes mercury. It is characterized in that the contained powdery substances are recovered by sieving or magnetic separation.

[Embodiment] An embodiment of the present invention, in which mercury is recovered from waste dry batteries disposed of in municipal waste, will be described below with reference to the drawings.

The municipal waste 1 may be stored in bags such as paper bags or plastic bags, and if necessary, the bag is torn open by a bag tearing machine 2 to expose the contents so that subsequent separation can be carried out efficiently. . The broken bags of municipal waste are separated into ferrous metals 4 including waste dry batteries by a magnetic separator 3. At this time, button-shaped small batteries are also separated, and both are passed through the vJ1 vibrating sieve 5.
Non-magnetic separators 6 such as paper, plastics, fibers, and sand that were not adsorbed by the magnetic separator 3 are
Incineration or landfill disposal.

In the first vibrating sieve 5, the ferrous metals 4 are separated into large metals 7 such as drinking water and other large metals 7 and small metal pieces 8 including waste dry batteries, and the large metals 7 are processed by melting etc. outside the system. , Small metal pieces 8 containing waste dry batteries are sent to a crusher 1119 and crushed, and powdery substances such as fine pieces and powder containing mercury, which were sealed in the outer cylinder of the waste dry battery, come out. .

Next, by sending this to the second vibrating sieve 10, it is separated into a powdery material 11 containing mercury and a material 12 with a large particle size that does not contain mercury, such as an outer cylinder, positive electrode, etc. The large material 12 can be treated together with the large bucks 7.

In this way 1. In the end, only the powdered substance 11 containing mercury is recovered, so compared to storing, transporting, and processing waste dry batteries as they are, the efficiency of each process can be greatly improved, making it more economical. It is also extremely advantageous. The mercury-containing powder substance 11 is then heated and purified as appropriate.

Note that a magnetic separator can be used in place of the second vibrating sieve to separate the outer cylinder made of iron-based metal from the powdered substance 11 containing mercury.

Alternatively, the entire amount of ferrous metals 4 separated by the magnetic separator 3 can be guided to the crusher 9 for crushing treatment without providing the first vibrating sieve, but as described above, the first vibrating sieve 5 may be provided. For example, the capacity of the crusher 19 can be reduced. Furthermore, the first vibration 1ifli5 prevents the materials in the large metal objects 7 from being crushed 11191'2, which reduces wear and tear on the blades of the crusher 9, which is advantageous in terms of maintenance.

It goes without saying that the present invention is applicable not only to municipal waste but also to the treatment of various industrial wastes including waste dry batteries.

[Effect of the invention 1 As described above, the present invention is to magnetically separate and crush ferrous metals from waste including waste dry batteries, and recover powdered substances containing mercury from the crushed material. Because of this, it is possible to efficiently recover mercury from waste dry batteries, which has never been seen before, reducing the storage space for waste dry batteries, increasing transportation efficiency, and solving the problem of pollution caused by waste mercury, resulting in resource conservation. This has the extremely beneficial effect of connecting people.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawing is a system explanatory diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention. 1-1 city garbage, 2--1 broken bag machine, 3--1 magnetic separator,
4--iron metals, 5--11 first vibrating sieve, 6--non-magnetic selectors, 7--large metals, 8--1 small pieces of metals, 9-
m--crusher, 10-11 second vibrating sieve, 11-m-powdered material containing mercury, 12--large particle size material not containing single strands. Patent applicant: Ebara Corporation Patent attorney: Tadashi Takagi Yori Yukima 1) Kojibe

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A waste product characterized by magnetically separating ferrous metals from waste including waste dry batteries, crushing the ferrous metals, and recovering powdery substances containing mercury by sieving. How to dispose of dry batteries. 2. A method for disposing of waste dry batteries, which comprises magnetically separating ferrous metals from waste including waste dry batteries, crushing the iron-based metals, and recovering powdery substances containing mercury by magnetic separation. 3. Ferrous metals were magnetically separated from waste including waste dry batteries, and the iron-based metals were separated into small pieces of iron-based metals containing waste dry batteries and other large metals by sieving, and the small pieces of iron-based metals were crushed. A method for disposing of waste dry batteries, characterized in that powdery substances containing mercury are subsequently recovered by sieving. 4. Magnetic separation of ferrous metals from waste including waste dry batteries, separation of the ferrous metals into small pieces of iron-based metals containing waste dry batteries and other large metals by sieving, and crushing of the small pieces of ferrous metals. A method for disposing of waste dry batteries, characterized in that powdered substances containing mercury are subsequently recovered by magnetic separation.