【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]
本発明は蚊取線香用基材の改良に関するもので
ある。従来蚊取線香用基材としては、除虫菊、除
虫菊抽出粕、木粉、樹皮粉末或いは〓藻土等の鉱
物質微粉末などが用いられているが、これらのも
のには種々の欠点があつた。例えば除虫菊はかつ
ては日本の特産品として脚光を浴び、1938年に
は、13000トンあまりの除虫菊乾花を生産し、世
界産額の70％を占めたが、最近では100トン以下
に減少し、一方蚊取線香の有効成分も除虫菊から
アレスリンに大部分が代替され、しかも蚊取線香
の需要は増加したため、蚊取線香用基材として除
虫菊乾花の粉末はほとんど使用されなくなつた。
これに代るものとして除虫菊抽出粕が最も好適な
蚊取線香用基材として利用されたが、大部分をア
フリカ、南米等からの輸入に頼るため、経済性等
種々の問題点をもつている。又、木粉および樹皮
粉末は燃焼に際して刺激性物質および特異臭を発
散するため、蚊取線香中に多量に用いることは刺
激臭の強いため、劣悪な製品となる欠点があつ
た。
本発明者は、長年蚊取線香の改良を進めた結
果、蚊取線香にネムノキの葉の乾燥粉末を混入さ
せることによつて蚊取線香の燻煙中に含まれる刺
激成分及び悪臭成分を著しく緩和せしめ、除虫菊
抽出粕を使つた蚊取線香より品質のよいものを発
見した。
蚊取線香用基材として要求される条件は、
安価にかつ安定的に供給されること。
〓和、押出打抜工程において優れた機械成型
適性を具えていること。
製造された線香が燃焼する場合、立ち消えせ
ず、かつ燃焼時間を７時間程度に容易に調整で
きること。
製造された蚊取線香は緻密でかつ表面が平滑
であること。
燻煙に刺激がなく、かつ異臭を発しないこ
と。
有効成分の効力を最大に発揮すること。
の諸条件を具備しなければならない。
従来蚊取線香の基材としては、除虫菊抽出粕と
木粉がその大部分を占めているが、除虫菊抽出粕
粉末は燃焼させた時、刺激や異臭が少なく、また
〓和、押出打抜工程において優れた機械成型適性
を具えた原料であるが安定供給に欠けるため、安
価でかつ一定品質の蚊取線香を大量に生産するに
は、その使用量に限界があつた。木粉について
は、木材の製材時に副生するおが屑を粉砕して粉
末にするので安価ではあるが、原料木の種類、産
地、樹齢、樹の部位、加工工程等の違いにより、
その粉末の性質は種々変化するので一定品質のも
のは得がたい。さらにかさ高（見掛比重0.2前
後）で粉砕が困難なため、粒度の調整し難く、〓
和、押出、打抜工程に機械成型適性に劣るばかり
でなく製品は平滑さを欠く。また燃焼させた時、
刺激や、異臭の原因となるばかりでなく、木粉の
持つ空隙が大きいために燃焼速度は速く、燃焼時
間の調整は困難で、蚊取線香基材としての使用量
は30％程度が限界であつた。
本発明者は、このような従来の実情に鑑み、蚊
取線香基剤として要求される前記条件を具備した
多くの植物組織の粉末について研究した結果、ネ
ムノキの葉の乾燥粉末が、蚊取線香基材として優
れた性質を持つことを見いだした。
ネムの木は中国等に多く生育しており、その利
用として日本にネムノキの葉を乾燥打錠してペレ
ツトとしたもの（チヤイニーズ リーフ ミール
ペレツト：Chinese Leaf Meal Pellet）が家畜
の飼料として年間約1000トン輸入されている。
本発明者はこのネムノキの葉について、乾燥後
粉末としたもの、又は上記ペレツトを粉砕して粉
末としたものについて蚊取線香基材として検討し
た結果、淡色で染色性にすぐれ、燻煙時刺激およ
び異臭は感じられない。また該粉末は線香基材と
して蚊取線香を押出、打抜成型した際の機械成型
適性に優れ、出来上つた線香は緻密かつ表面は平
滑であつた。また、燃焼性が良く立ち消えを起こ
す恐れは全くないとともに、７時間前後の燃焼時
間に調整することは容易であり、燃焼時殺虫有効
成分の揮散も有効に行われた。
以下実施例によつてネムノキの葉の乾燥粉末を
基材成分の一部として使用して、蚊取線香を製造
し、その性質を比較した結果を詳述する。
実施例
蚊取線香基材成分の配合を第一表に示す。
The present invention relates to improvements in substrates for mosquito coils. Conventionally, pyrethrum, pyrethrum extract lees, wood powder, bark powder, and fine mineral powder such as algae have been used as base materials for mosquito coils, but these materials have various drawbacks. . For example, pyrethrum was once in the spotlight as a specialty product of Japan, and in 1938, over 13,000 tons of dried pyrethrum flowers were produced, accounting for 70% of the world's production value, but recently it has decreased to less than 100 tons, while mosquitoes Most of the active ingredients in pyrethrum were replaced by allethrin, and the demand for mosquito coils increased, so powdered dried flowers of pyrethrum was almost no longer used as a base material for mosquito coils.
As an alternative to this, pyrethrum extract lees has been used as the most suitable base material for mosquito coils, but it has various problems, including economics, as most of it is imported from Africa, South America, etc. . Furthermore, since wood flour and bark powder emit irritating substances and peculiar odors when burned, using large amounts in mosquito coils has the disadvantage of producing inferior products due to the strong irritating odor. As a result of many years of progress in improving mosquito coils, the present inventor has discovered that by mixing mosquito coils with dried powder of leaves of the Album tree, the irritating and malodorous components contained in the smoke of mosquito coils can be significantly reduced. I have discovered a mosquito coil that is of better quality and uses pyrethrum extract lees. The requirements for the base material for mosquito coils are that it must be inexpensively and stably supplied. 〓Has excellent mechanical forming suitability in the extrusion and punching process. When the manufactured incense stick is burned, it does not go out and the burning time can be easily adjusted to about 7 hours. The manufactured mosquito coil should be dense and have a smooth surface. Smoke should not be irritating and should not emit any strange odor. Maximize the effectiveness of active ingredients. The following conditions must be met. Traditionally, the majority of the base materials for mosquito coils are pyrethrum extract lees and wood flour, but pyrethrum extract lees powder produces less irritation and odor when burned, and is also easy to use during the heating, extrusion and punching processes. Although it is a raw material with excellent machine moldability, there is a limit to the amount that can be used to mass produce mosquito coils of a certain quality at a low price due to a lack of stable supply. Wood flour is inexpensive because it is made by crushing sawdust, which is a by-product of wood sawing, into powder, but due to differences in the type of raw material wood, production area, age, part of the tree, processing process, etc.
Since the properties of the powder vary widely, it is difficult to obtain a powder of constant quality. Furthermore, it is difficult to grind due to its bulk (apparent specific gravity around 0.2), making it difficult to adjust the particle size.
Not only is it less suitable for mechanical molding in rolling, extrusion, and punching processes, but the product also lacks smoothness. When burned again,
Not only does it cause irritation and a strange odor, but the large pores in wood flour burn it at a fast rate, making it difficult to adjust the burning time, and the amount used as the base material for mosquito coils is limited to about 30%. It was hot. In view of the above-mentioned conventional circumstances, the present inventor conducted research on powders of many plant tissues that meet the above-mentioned conditions required as a base material for mosquito coils, and found that dry powder of leaves of the Album tree is suitable for mosquito coils. It was discovered that it has excellent properties as a base material. Nemu trees grow in large numbers in China and other countries, and in Japan, approximately 1,000 Chinese leaf meal pellets (Chinese Leaf Meal Pellet) made by drying and compressing the leaves of the Nemu tree are used as feed for livestock each year. tons are imported. The present inventor investigated the leaves of this tree as a base material for mosquito coils, either by drying them into powder, or by crushing the above pellets into powder, and found that they were pale in color, had excellent dyeability, and were irritating when smoked. and no strange odor was detected. Further, the powder had excellent mechanical moldability when extruding and punching mosquito coils as an incense stick base material, and the finished incense sticks were dense and had a smooth surface. In addition, it had good flammability and there was no fear of burning out, and it was easy to adjust the combustion time to around 7 hours, and the insecticidal active ingredient was effectively volatilized during combustion. In the following Examples, mosquito coils were manufactured using dried powder of Albinocus foliage as part of the base material component, and the results of comparing their properties will be described in detail. Example Table 1 shows the formulation of mosquito coil base ingredients.
【表】【table】
【表】
それぞれ前記の割合で均一に混和したもの100
部に水100部を加えて充分に〓和した後、これを
押出機によつて帯状となし、次で型打抜機により
渦巻状に打抜き、天日乾燥して蚊取線香を得た。
次に第一表に従つて製造した蚊取線香の諸特性を
測定し、第２表に示す。[Table] 100 pieces uniformly mixed in the above proportions
After adding 100 parts of water to the mixture and thoroughly mixing it, it was formed into a belt using an extruder, then cut out into a spiral shape using a die cutter, and dried in the sun to obtain a mosquito coil.
Next, various properties of the mosquito coil manufactured according to Table 1 were measured and are shown in Table 2.
【表】
第１表、第２表の結果より除虫菊抽出粕粉の一
部をネムノキの葉の乾燥粉末で代替した蚊取線香
（Ｂ，Ｃ，Ｄ，Ｅ）は、従来の蚊取線香基材の配
合のもの(A)と比較して、機械成型適性、製品表面
の状態、染色性、燻煙時の刺激および異臭におい
て優れた成績が得られた。また、蚊取線香の燃焼
が途中で止まる立ち消えは認められず、更に燃焼
時間および殺虫成分アレスリンの空中への揮散率
においても差は見られなかつた。
本発明はネムノキの葉の乾燥粉末を蚊取線香基
材の一成分として使用することで、製造時の機械
成型適性に優れ、出来上つた蚊取線香の外観（表
面の状態、色調）も良く、燻煙時にも異臭および
刺激のない蚊取線香を提供するものである。[Table] From the results in Tables 1 and 2, the mosquito coils (B, C, D, E) in which part of the pyrethrum extract powder was replaced with dried powder of the leaves of the pyrethrum (B, C, D, E) were different from the conventional mosquito coils. Compared to the wood formulation (A), superior results were obtained in machine moldability, product surface condition, dyeability, irritation when smoking, and off-odor. In addition, there was no evidence that the mosquito coils stopped burning midway and disappeared, and no differences were observed in the burning time or the rate of volatilization of the insecticidal ingredient allethrin into the air. The present invention uses dried powder of the leaves of the algae tree as one of the components of the mosquito coil base material, so it has excellent machine moldability during production and the finished mosquito coil has a good appearance (surface condition, color tone). To provide mosquito coils that are free from unpleasant odor and irritation even when smoked.