【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]
本発明は蚊取線香用基材の改良に関するもので
ある。従来蚊取線香用基材としては、除虫菊、除
虫菊抽出粕、木粉、樹皮粉末或いは珪藻土等の鉱
物質微粉末等が用いられているが、これらのもの
については種々の欠点があつた。例えば除虫菊は
かつては日本の特産品として脚光を浴び、1938年
には、13000トンあまりの除虫菊乾花を生産し、
世界産額の70％を占めたが、最近では100トン以
下に減少し、一方蚊取線香の有効成分も除虫菊か
らアレスリンに大部分が代替され、しかも蚊取線
香の需要は増加したため、蚊取線香用基材として
除虫菊乾花の粉末はほとんど使用されなくなつ
た。これに代るものとして除虫菊抽出粕が最も好
適な蚊取線香用基材として利用されたが、大部分
をアフリカ、南米等からの輸入に頼るため、経済
性等種々の問題点をもつている。又、木粉および
樹皮粉末は燃焼に際して刺激性物質および特異臭
を発散するため、蚊取線香中に多量に用いること
は刺激臭の強いため、劣悪な製品となる欠点があ
つた。
本発明者は、長年蚊香線香の改良を進めた結
果、蚊取線香にギンネムの葉の乾燥粉末を混入さ
せることによつて蚊取線香の燻煙中に含まれる刺
激成分および悪臭成分を著しく緩和せしめ、除虫
菊抽出粕を使つた蚊取線香より品質のよいものを
発見した。
蚊取線香用基材として要求される条件は、
安価にかつ安定的に供給されること。
〓和、押出打抜工程において優れた機械成型
適性を具えていること。
製造された線香が燃焼する場合、立ち消えせ
ず、かつ燃焼時間を７時間程度に容易に調整で
きること。
製造された蚊取線香は緻密でかつ表面が平滑
であること。
燻煙に刺激がなく、かつ異臭を発さないこ
と。
有効成分の効力を最大に発揮すること。
の諸条件を具備しなければならない。
従来蚊取線香の基材としては、除虫菊抽出粕と
木粉がその大部分を占めているが、除虫菊抽出粕
粉末は燃焼させた時、刺激や異臭が少なく、また
〓和、押出打抜工程において優れた機械成型適性
を具えた原料であるが安定供給に欠けるため、安
価でかつ一定品質の蚊取線香を大量に生産するに
は、その使用量に限界があつた。木粉について
は、木材の製材時に副生するおが屑を粉砕して粉
末にするので安価ではあるが、原料木の種類、産
地、樹令、樹の部位、加工工程等の違いにより、
その粉末の性質は種々変化するので一定品質のも
のは得がたい。さらにかさ高（見掛比重0.2前
後）で粉砕が困難なため、粒度の調整し難く、〓
和、押出、打抜工程に機械成型適性に劣るばかり
でなく製品は平滑さを欠く。また燃焼させた時、
刺激や、異臭の原因となるばかりでなく、木粉の
持つ空隙が大きいために燃焼速度は速く、燃焼時
間の調整は困難で、蚊取線香基材としての使用量
は30％程度が限界であつた。
本発明者は、このような従来の実情に鑑み、蚊
取線香基材として要求される前記条件を具備した
多くの植物組織の粉末について研究した結果、ギ
ンネムの葉の乾燥粉末が、蚊取線香基材として優
れた性質を持つことを見いだした。
ギンネムの木はギンゴウカンとも言われ、フイ
リピン、タイ、インドネシアに多く生育してお
り、その利用として日本にギンネムの葉を乾燥打
錠してペレツトとしたものおよび乾燥粉末が家畜
の飼料として輸入されている。
本発明者はこのギンネムの葉について、乾燥後
粉末としたもの、又は上記ペレツトを粉砕して粉
末としたものについて蚊取線香基材として検討し
た結果、淡色で染色性に優れ、燻煙時刺激および
異臭は感じられない。また該粉末は線香基材とし
て蚊取線香を押出、打抜成型した際の機械成型適
性に優れ、出来上つた線香は緻密かつ表面は平滑
であつた。また、燃焼性が良く立ち消えを起こす
恐れは全くないとともに、７時間前後の燃焼時間
に調整することは容易であり、燃焼時殺虫有効成
分の揮散も有効に行われた。
さらに、ギンネムの葉の乾燥粉末に、ネムの木
の葉の乾燥粉末およびニセアカシアの葉の乾燥粉
末の一方、または双方を配合して蚊取線香基材と
して使うことも可能であり、不足する原料の除虫
菊抽出粕粉の使用量を少なくすることができ、蚊
取線香の製造の際の機械成型適性にも優れ、燃焼
時にも刺激、異臭のないものが得られた。
以下実施例によつてギンネムの葉の乾燥粉末を
基材成分の一部として使用して、蚊取線香を製造
し、その性質を比較した結果を詳述する。
実施例
蚊取線香基材成分の配合を第１表に示す。
The present invention relates to improvements in substrates for mosquito coils. Conventionally, pyrethrum, pyrethrum extract lees, wood flour, bark powder, or fine mineral powder such as diatomaceous earth have been used as substrates for mosquito coils, but these materials have had various drawbacks. For example, pyrethrum once attracted attention as a specialty of Japan, and in 1938, over 13,000 tons of dried pyrethrum flowers were produced.
It used to account for 70% of the world's production, but recently it has decreased to less than 100 tons, while the active ingredient in mosquito coils has largely been replaced by allethrin from pyrethrum, and the demand for mosquito coils has increased. Powder of dried pyrethrum flowers is almost no longer used as a base material. As an alternative to this, pyrethrum extract lees has been used as the most suitable base material for mosquito coils, but it has various problems, including economics, as most of it is imported from Africa, South America, etc. . Furthermore, since wood flour and bark powder emit irritating substances and peculiar odors when burned, using large amounts in mosquito coils has the disadvantage of producing inferior products due to the strong irritating odor. As a result of many years of progress in improving mosquito coils, the present inventor has found that by mixing mosquito coils with dried powder of ginnel leaves, the irritating and malodorous components contained in the smoke of mosquito coils can be significantly alleviated. Finally, I discovered a better quality mosquito coil made from pyrethrum extract lees. The requirements for the base material for mosquito coils are that it must be inexpensively and stably supplied. 〓Has excellent mechanical forming suitability in the extrusion and punching process. When the manufactured incense stick is burned, it does not go out and the burning time can be easily adjusted to about 7 hours. The manufactured mosquito coil should be dense and have a smooth surface. Smoke should not be irritating and should not emit any strange odor. Maximize the effectiveness of active ingredients. The following conditions must be met. Traditionally, the majority of the base materials for mosquito coils are pyrethrum extract lees and wood flour, but pyrethrum extract lees powder produces less irritation and odor when burned, and is also easy to use during the heating, extrusion and punching processes. Although it is a raw material with excellent machine moldability, there is a limit to the amount that can be used to mass produce mosquito coils of a certain quality at a low price due to a lack of stable supply. Wood flour is cheap because it is made by crushing sawdust, which is a by-product of wood sawing, into a powder, but due to differences in the type of raw material wood, production area, tree age, part of the tree, processing process, etc.
Since the properties of the powder vary widely, it is difficult to obtain a powder of constant quality. Furthermore, it is difficult to grind due to its bulk (apparent specific gravity around 0.2), making it difficult to adjust the particle size.
Not only is it less suitable for mechanical molding in rolling, extrusion, and punching processes, but the product also lacks smoothness. When burned again,
Not only does it cause irritation and a strange odor, but the large pores in wood flour burn it at a fast rate, making it difficult to adjust the burning time, and the amount used as the base material for mosquito coils is limited to about 30%. It was hot. In view of these conventional circumstances, the present inventor conducted research on powders of many plant tissues that meet the above-mentioned conditions required as a base material for mosquito coils. It was discovered that it has excellent properties as a base material. The ginkgo tree is also called the ginkgo tree, and grows in large numbers in the Philippines, Thailand, and Indonesia, and for its use, ginkgo leaves are dried and compressed into pellets and dried powder are imported to Japan as livestock feed. There is. The present inventor investigated the powdered leaves of this ginkgo after drying, or the powdered powder obtained by crushing the pellets mentioned above, as a base material for mosquito coils, and found that they were light in color, had excellent dyeability, and were irritating when smoked. and no strange odor was detected. Further, the powder had excellent mechanical moldability when extruding and punching mosquito coils as an incense stick base material, and the finished incense sticks were dense and had a smooth surface. In addition, it had good flammability and there was no fear of burning out, and it was easy to adjust the combustion time to around 7 hours, and the insecticidal active ingredient was effectively volatilized during combustion. Furthermore, it is also possible to mix the dried powder of ginnel leaves with one or both of the dried powder of the leaves of the nemu tree and the dried powder of black locust leaves, and use it as a base material for mosquito coils. It was possible to reduce the amount of extracted lees powder used, and it was also excellent in machine moldability when manufacturing mosquito coils, and it was possible to obtain products that were free of irritation and odor when burned. In the following Examples, mosquito coils were manufactured using dry powder of ginseng leaves as part of the base material component, and the results of comparing their properties will be described in detail. Example Table 1 shows the formulation of mosquito coil base material components.
【表】
それぞれ前記の割合で均一に混合したもの100
部に水100部を加えて充分に〓和した後、これを
押出機によつて帯状となし、次いで型打抜機によ
り渦巻状に打抜き、天日乾燥して蚊取線香を得
た。次に第１表に従つて製造した蚊取線香の諸特
性を測定し、第２表に示す。[Table] 100 pieces uniformly mixed in the above proportions
After adding 100 parts of water to the mixture and thoroughly mixing it, it was formed into a belt using an extruder, then cut out into a spiral shape using a die cutter, and dried in the sun to obtain a mosquito coil. Next, various properties of the mosquito coil manufactured according to Table 1 were measured and are shown in Table 2.
【表】
第１表、第２表の結果より除虫菊抽出粕粉の一
部をギンネムの葉の乾燥粉末で代替した蚊取線香
（Ｂ，Ｃ，Ｄ，Ｅ）、また、ギンネムの葉の乾燥粉
末とネムの木の葉およびニセアカシアの葉の乾燥
粉末を配合した（Ｆ，Ｇ，Ｈ）は、従来の蚊取線
香基材の配合のもの（Ａ）と比較して、機械成型
適性、製品表面の状態、染色性、燻煙時の刺激お
よび異臭において優れた成績が得られた。また、
蚊取線香の燃焼が途中で止まる立ち消えは認めら
れず、更に燃焼時間および殺虫成分アレスリンの
空中への揮散率においても差は見られなかつた。
本発明はギンネムの葉の乾燥粉末を蚊取線香基
材の一成分として使用することで、製造時の機械
成型適性に優れ、出来上つた蚊取線香の外観（表
面の状態、色調）も良く、燻煙時にも異臭および
刺激のない蚊取線香を提供するものである。[Table] Based on the results of Tables 1 and 2, mosquito coils (B, C, D, E) in which part of the pyrethrum extract powder was replaced with dried ginseng leaf powder (B, C, D, E), and dried ginseng leaves (F, G, H), which is a blend of powder and dried powder of Nemu tree leaves and black locust leaves, has improved mechanical moldability and product surface appearance compared to the blend of conventional mosquito coil base material (A). Excellent results were obtained in terms of condition, stainability, irritation when smoked, and off-odor. Also,
No signs of burning of the mosquito coils stopping midway were observed, and no differences were observed in the burning time or rate of volatilization of the insecticidal ingredient allethrin into the air. The present invention uses dry powder of ginnel leaves as a component of the mosquito coil base material, which has excellent machine moldability during manufacturing, and the finished mosquito coil has a good appearance (surface condition, color tone). To provide mosquito coils that are free from unpleasant odor and irritation even when smoked.