JPS61175691A - Automatic performer - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to an automatic performance device that automatically performs a melody or accompaniment (chord) based on performance data. The present invention relates to an automatic performance device that always maintains the correct number of beats by interpolating with rest data or the like until the measure is completed when the measure is read.

[Back of invention I! ] As a conventional automatic performance device, one is known that stores performance data including note name or chord name data, pause data, beat number data, etc. in a memory, and reads and plays this data at a predetermined tempo. There is.

By the way, such a device can only perform automatic performance faithfully to the above-mentioned performance data. For this reason, if there is an incomplete part in the performance data due to a writing error, for example in FIG. If you write it as 2 beats, only one part of the song that should originally be in 4 beats will be in 3 or 2 beats,
There was an inconvenience that the beat would go out of order.

[Object of the Invention] In view of the above-mentioned problems with the conventional type, the present invention provides an automatic performance device that is capable of correcting the time signature and performing even if there is a writing error or omission in the data. The purpose is to provide.

[Summary of the Invention] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention sequentially divides the performance data read from the memory into measures in an automatic performance device, and divides the performance data read out from the memory into measures, and repeats data and repeated performances (which should originally be on the measure line). Monitors whether the end data or reset data (indicating an area where no data has been written) is on the bar line in repeat play) mode, and if these data are not on the bar line, that is, these data are read in the middle of the bar. If the number of beats in that measure is equal to the number of beats in the performance song, interpolation is performed using predetermined data such as rest data.

[Explanation of Examples] Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in detail using the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows the overall configuration of an electronic musical instrument to which an automatic performance device according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied. This device is equipped with an upper keyboard (UK), a lower keyboard (LK), a pedal keyboard (PK), etc., and has normal keyboard performance functions. It also has an autorhythm function that automatically plays rezoomed notes.

In FIG. 1, the key switch 11 is the m-board UK,
It is provided corresponding to the duplicate keys of LK and PK, and generates key data representing the pressed keys on these keyboards.

The panel switches 13 are arranged in a panel section (not shown), and include a rhythm type selection switch for autorhythm, a rhythm start switch, a rhythm stop switch, a rhythm variation switch, a volume balance setting switch, and each of the above-mentioned keyboards.

Tone selection switch and volume setting switch for each LK and PK, upper keyboard UK and lower 1! ! ! IILK each unsample type selection switch, unsample instrument/voice selection switch, upper/lower keyboard volume balance setting switch, arpeggio code selection switch for pedal keyboard PK, arpeggio volume setting switch, and reverb amount setting switch , and a tempo operator for automatic accompaniment/rhythm performance, etc., and generates each switch or operator information.

Code sequence programmer (hereinafter referred to as C8P)
The switch 15 is arranged in another part of the panel section, and includes a play switch 16 for setting and canceling the automatic chord performance (play) mode, and a repeat switch 17 for selecting the automatic repeated performance (repeat) mode. and a chord cancel switch 18 for prohibiting the pronunciation of accompaniment chords, and generates each switch information.

Further, an automatic music selection switch and nine registration switches C11 to C8 (not shown) are also arranged in the panel section. , the key switch 11, the panel switch 13, and the C8P switch 15 are connected to the key switch interface 20, the panel switch interface 22, and the C8P switch, respectively.
It is connected to a pass line 28 of a central processing unit (CPtJ) 26 via a P switch interface 24 .

The CPU 26 is composed of a microprocessor, etc., and controls the key switch 11 and the panel switch 13 via the key switch interface 20, the panel switch interface 22, and the C8P switch interface 24.
It scans the C8P switch 15 and captures the generated key data and each switch information, and based on this information, generates various control data related to keyboard sounds and rhythm sounds, etc. to control the overall operation of the electronic musical instrument shown in Figure 1. Control.

The pass line 28 further includes a program memory 30 storing a control program for the CPU 26, and a program memory 30 for storing a control program for the CPU 26.
A working memory 32 is provided with various working areas for temporarily storing various data generated when the control program 6 is executed, and a plurality of types, for example, nine types, of setting states of the panel switch 13 when performing automatic performance are provided. A registration memory 34 for registration, a performance data memory 36 where automatic chord performance data is stored, a rhythm pattern memory 38 where automatic rhythm sound performance data is stored, a rhythm sound generation circuit 40, and a chord sound generation circuit 42. etc. are connected. Rhythm sound generation circuit 40
A sound system consisting of an amplifier 44, a speaker 46, etc. is connected to the code generation circuit 42,
The rhythm and chord tone signals generated by circuits 40 and 42 are converted into sound.

The working area in the working memory 32 is as follows:
Performance data pointer PNT for specifying the read address of the performance data memory 36, rhythm pattern memory 36
Rhythm counter RNT for addressing, Rhythm run flag RRF indicating whether automatic performance is in progress, Beat length counter HLT, Beat number counter HNT, Interpolation flag GCF, Repeat flag RTF, Cancel flag CCF1 Start address register 5AVES, Repeat destination Pointers such as address register 5AVER, Dalsegno flag DSF, etc.
Flags, counters, registers, etc. are provided.

(Explanation of the operation of the electronic musical instrument shown in FIG. 1) Next, the automatic chord performance operation of the electronic musical instrument shown in FIG. 1 will be explained with reference to the flowcharts shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. Here, explanation will be given assuming that the music shown in the musical score of FIG. 4(a) is to be played.

In this electronic musical instrument, performance data is written in the performance data memory 36 in the format shown in FIG. 5 before automatically playing chords.

This is done by turning on the recording switch (not shown), setting the device to recording mode, and data PDI~5, p[)7.8.
and p[)12.13, specify the chord name by pressing a key on the upper or lower keyboard (in fingered mode or single finger mode), and press the beat number selection switch (not shown) (4 beats, 2 beats, 1 beat, ) to write the beat count data. In addition, the data PD6, 10.14 Korg (1, Dalsegno (D, S, >, end data, Segno (8), etc. not shown) are specified and written using a dedicated switch (not shown).Furthermore, the registration data MRc, MR1 to MR8 are written by pressing any of the registration switches C21 to C8 (not shown) with the panel switch 13 set to the desired state.In this device, the performance data memory 36
is reset by writing predetermined reset data at the time of initialization immediately after the device is powered on, and therefore, the portion to which no data is written remains as reset data.

Furthermore, performance data for a plurality of songs, for example, four songs, can be written in the performance data memory 36.

Referring to FIG. 2, after the electronic musical instrument starts operating (step 100), the key switch 11, the panel switch 13
Then, each switch and operator of the C8P switch 15 is scanned to detect the changed switch or operator and its switch or operator information.

When the play switch 16 of the C8P switch 15 is turned on, automatic chord performance processing starting from step 102 is started.

That is, first, in step 104, initial settings of each part are performed. With this initial setting, for example, play, turn on the ED,
Song LE indicating the song selected by a song selection switch (not shown)
D is lit, the performance data memory pointer PNT provided in the working memory 32 is set to the start address of the performance data of the song selected by the song selection switch, and the value of this pointer PNT is set as the start address in the memory 32. 1 in register 5AVES and from pointer PNT
A small value is stored in the repetition destination address register 5AVER, the reading of the first data is displayed, and the song start registration data MRc shown in FIG. 5 is read out and set on the panel, thereby reproducing the set state by the panel switch 13.

Subsequently, in step 106, the data PD1 stored at the leading address of the performance data memory 36 is read, and the contents of the data are determined. If this data is end data or reset data indicating that no data has been written, the process moves to step 200 and after turning off the play LED and song LED, step 2
02 ends the automatic performance. Here, the first data P
D1 is chord name data (C major) and beat number data (1
Since the chord data consists of beats) and is neither end data nor reset data, proceed to step 108 and press any of the control switches (rhythm start switch, rhythm stop switch, play switch, repeat switch,
waits until it is detected that the code cancel switch) has been operated. Here, if any control switch is operated, processing according to the type of the operated control switch is performed in subsequent steps.

If it is detected in step 108 that the rhythm start switch has been operated, the process proceeds to step 110. In step 110, a rhythm counter RNT is started,
Set the rhythm run flag RRF and proceed to the next step 11.
In step 2, the sound is generated and displayed according to the first performance data PD1, the beat length data (1 beat) of the data PD1 is set in the beat length counter HLT, and the number of beats (4 beats) according to the rhythm type is set in the beat number counter HNT. set and pointer P
After incrementing NT, the process returns to step 108 above. This completes the processing for the leading data PD1 of the performance data (FIG. 5). Note that the above-mentioned sound generation can be performed by sending the data PD1 to the chord sound generation circuit 42.
This is done by generating a chord.

If it is detected in step 108 that the rhythm stop switch has been operated, the process proceeds to step 120. In step 120, the rhythm counter RNT is stopped, the rhythm run flag RRF is reset, and the generation of chords is stopped.Then, the process proceeds to step 200 and the play LE is started.
After turning off D and the music LED, the automatic performance is ended in step 202.

When it is detected in step 108 that the play switch 16 is turned off, the process proceeds to step 130 and the rhythm run flag RRF is checked. If the rhythm run flag RRF is set, that is, if automatic performance is in progress, the rhythm counter RNT is stopped in step 120, the rhythm run flag RRF is reset, and the chord generation is stopped. , while the rhythm run flag RR
If F is not set, the process directly proceeds to step 200, where the play LED and song LED are turned off, and the automatic performance ends at the next step 202.

When it is detected in step 108 that the repeat switch 11 has been operated, the process advances to step 140 and the repeat flag RTF is checked. If the repeat flag is set, the repeat flag is reset in step 142 and the repeat LED is turned off. On the other hand, if the repeat flag RTF is not set, step 1
After setting the repeat flag and turning on the repeat LED in step 44, the process moves to step 202 and ends the process.

When it is detected in step 108 that the code cancel switch 18 has been operated, the process proceeds to step 150 and the cancel flag CCF is checked. If the cancel flag is set, the cancel flag is reset in step 152 and the cancel LED is turned off. On the other hand, if the cancel flag CCF is not set, the cancel flag is set in step 154 and the cancel LED is turned off. After turning on, the process moves to step 202 and ends the process.

The processes in steps 140-144 and 150-154 are for causing the repeat switch 17 and code cancel switch 18 to function as so-called touch-on/touch-off switches, respectively.

In the electronic musical instrument shown in FIG. 1, when the rhythm start switch 17 is operated to start the automatic performance of chords and rhythms, thereafter, interruptions are performed at intervals of one beat, or one quarter note, according to a predetermined tempo. The chord performance interrupt process 300 shown in FIG. 3 is executed.

First, in step 302, the interpolation flag GCF is checked. If the interpolation flag is not set, it is determined that the performance data is not cut off in the middle of the measure, and the process proceeds to step 304.
After decrementing the beat length counter 1-ILT in step 306, the process proceeds to step 306. The case where the interpolation flag GCF is set will be described later. In step 306, it is determined whether the beat number counter HNT is O or not. If it is not O, the beat number counter HNT is decremented in step 308. On the other hand, if it is O, the previous measure has been completed, so in step 310 the beat number of the next measure (4 if it is a 4-meter beat) is set in the beat number counter HNT.

In step 312, the contents of the beat length counter HLT are checked. If the count value of this beat length counter is not 0, it means that the chord based on the previously read data (current chord data) is still being sounded or the chord is being paused based on the current rest data, so the process proceeds to step 314 to restore the original chord. Return to routine (e.g. p[) 3.7 2nd beat after reading start sound and PD4.5
2nd to 4th beats after the beginning of the reading sound). On the other hand, if the count value of the beat length counter HLT is 0 in the check at step 312, this means that the sound generation period of the current chord data or the pause period of the current rest data has elapsed, so the next performance data (
PD2-PD14) are read out and displayed, and the following operations are performed according to the data contents.

If the data read in step 316 is chord or rest data, the process advances to step 320 and the cancel flag CCF is checked. Cancel flag CCF
is not normally set, so the next step 32
After a chord generation command is sent to the chord sound generation circuit 42 in step 2, the process proceeds to step 324.

As a result, the chord tone generation circuit 42 forms a chord signal corresponding to the chord name data, and the sound system 44.4 generates a chord signal corresponding to the chord name data.
Pronounce the chord through 6. On the other hand, when the code cancel mode is selected by operating the code cancel switch described above, the cancel flag CCF is set. In this case, steps 320 to 32
Since step 2 is skipped and the process proceeds to step 324, no chord generation command is sent, and no chord is generated. In step 324, beat length data (1 beat for PD2, 2 beats for PD3, etc.) is set in the beat length counter HLT, and the pointer PNT is incremented.

When the end data (P D 14) or reset data (unwritten portion) is read out in step 316, the process advances to step 330 and the repeat flag RTF is checked.

If the repeat flag RTF is not set, it is determined that this song has ended and the next step 332 is performed.
to stop the rhythm counter RNT and set the rhythm run flag R
Reset RF, stop chord generation, play LED
Then, the music LED is turned off, and this automatic performance operation is ended in step 334.

On the other hand, if the repeat flag RTF is set in step 336, this means that the repeat mode has been selected by operating the repeat switch 17. in this case,
In step 336, it is determined whether the count value of the beat number counter HNT is O or not. If the beat counter HNT is O, this means that the end or reset data has been read out on the bar line, and the performance data is judged to be normal, and the process moves to step 338, where the start address register 5AVES is After setting the start address of the stored song in the pointer PNT, the interrupt processing is terminated in step 340 and the process returns to the original routine. After that, the automatic performance will be repeated from the beginning of the song. Note that the interpolation flag GCF reset process in step 338 is provided in response to the interpolation flag reset process in step 342, which will be described later.

If the count value of the beat number counter HNT is not O in step 336, this means that the measure has ended or the reset data has been read out. In this case, after setting the interpolation flag GCF in step 342, the process returns to the original routine in step 340. When the interpolation flag GCF is set in this way, step 304 is performed in step 302 described above.
is skipped, the beat length counter HLT remains at 0, and step 312 always proceeds to step 316. Moreover, the contents of the pointer PN remain unchanged. Therefore, in this performance data reading process 300, the beat number counter HNT is decremented in step 308, and steps 300-304-308-316-330-336-- until the determination in step 336 becomes "yes".
The same performance data (end or reset data) will continue to be read out along the path 342-340.

For example, if the beat count data of data PD13 in FIG.
Read times. . In this case, the chord generation circuit 42 etc.
The pronunciation based on one chord data is v for the beat number data of that data! Only do it for a while. Therefore, no chord is produced while this termination or reset data is being issued one after another. That is, during this time, the chord sounding is paused, assuming that it has been interpolated with rest data.

While interpolating rest data from the middle of a measure in this way, the beat number counter HN■ is decremented at step 308 every time the performance data reading process 300 for each beat is performed. When the counter HNT becomes 0, the determination at step 336 becomes "yes". This is when the final data p[)14 is read out for the third time in the above example. In this case, the performance data has been normalized by interpolating the data and completing the measure, so in step 338 described above, the start address register 5AV is
After setting the beginning address of the song stored in the ES in the pointer PNT, the interrupt processing is terminated in step 340 and the process returns to the original routine. After that, the automatic performance will be repeated from the beginning of the song.

The data read in step 316 is the register data (
For example, in the case of PDll in FIG. 5, the process advances to step 350 and the designated resist data (for example, MR2) is set on the panel. This allows you to change the volume, tone,
・You can change the ten-bo, rhythm, etc. Subsequently, the next performance data (for example, PD in FIG.
12) in step 352 to read the pointer PNT
After stepping forward, the process returns to step 316.

If the data read in step 316 is segno (8) data (not shown), the process proceeds to step 360 and the contents of the pointer PNT at this time are saved in the repetition destination address register 5AVER. As a result, this segno data read position is reset as the repetition destination (more precisely, the address immediately before the repetition destination as described later) when the Dalsegno (D, S,) data is read next time. . Note that if this segno data is not present, the destination of repetition by Dalsegno is the beginning address of this song. This step 360
Then, furthermore, the Dalsegno flag DSF (hereinafter referred to as DS
(referred to as a flag). Subsequently, after incrementing the pointer PNT in step 352, step 316
Return to and read the next performance data.

If the data read in step 316 is Korg (4p) data (for example, PD6 in FIG. 5), step 370
Proceed to check the DS flag. Here, if the DS flag is not set, this is the first non-repeated performance, so step 372 is skipped, the pointer PNT is incremented in step 352, and then step 316 is performed.
Go back to the next performance data (for example, PD7'' in Figure 5)
Read out. In other words, automatic performance is performed while ignoring the Korg data.

On the other hand, if the DS flag is set in step 370, this is the second performance after reading the repetition symbol data (for example, P D 10 in FIG. 5). Therefore, now step 3
After setting the contents of the repetition destination address register 5AVEP in the pointer PNT at step 12 and roughly resetting the DS flag, the program increments the pointer PNT at step 352 and returns to step 316 to read the next performance data. In this case, what is set in the pointer PNT in step 372 is the dal segno data (for example, P D in FIG.
10). Therefore, in step 316, the performance data (for example, P D 11 in FIG. 5) that follows the Dalsegno data is read out after the Korg data. That is, in the second performance after the repetition, the performance is performed with a skip between the Korg data and the Dalsegno data.

The data read in step 316 is
, S, ) data (for example, P D 10 in FIG. 5), the process proceeds to step 380 and checks the DS flag. Here, if the DS flag is not set, this is the first non-repeating performance.

In this case, in step 382 it is determined whether the count value of the beat number counter HNT is O or not. And the beat counter HN
If T is O, this dulsegno data has been read out on the bar line, so it is determined that the performance data is normal and the process proceeds to step 384, where the interpolation flag GCF is reset and the pointer PNT and repetition destination address register 5AVE are read out.
The contents of R are replaced, the DS flag is set, and the pointer is roughly incremented in step 352, then the process returns to step 316. As a result, in step 316, the data at the repetition destination address (for example, PDl in FIG. 5 or the next data after this segno data if there is segno data) is read out following the dal segno data (PD 10 in FIG. 5). be done. That is, the song is played repeatedly from the beginning or after the seño data.

If the count value of the beat number counter HNT is not 0 in step 382, this means that the dal segno data is read out in the middle of the measure. In this case, if you repeat the performance as it is, the time signature will be out of order, and even if you try to play the melody manually, for example, it will be difficult to match it with the chord performance. Therefore, here, after setting the interpolation flag GCF in step 342, the process returns to the original routine in step 340. As a result, in the same way as when the end or reset data is read in the middle of a measure in the repeat mode described above, one beat is generated until the measure is completed, for example, if PD8 or 9 in Fig. 5 is omitted. The rest data will be interpolated. However, during this period, data continues to be generated (idling) from step 300.
304-308-316-380-382-342-3
It is carried out in 40 routes. For this idling, the determination in step 382 becomes "yes" and the process proceeds to step 38.
The process ends by moving to step 4, and the above-described repeated performance is performed by the processing from step 382 onwards.

If the DS flag is set in step 380, the second
This is the second performance. Therefore, now in step 386
After resetting the S flag, the pointer PNT is incremented in step 352, and the process returns to step 316, where the next performance data (PDll in FIG. 5) is read. That is, the automatic performance is performed while ignoring the dal segno data (P D 10).

[Application Examples of the Invention] Note that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be implemented with appropriate modifications. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the present invention is applied to the automatic performance of chords has been described, but it goes without saying that the present invention can also be applied to the case where the automatic performance of a melody is performed. In addition, in the above, when a measure is cut off in the middle, the rest is interpolated to complete the measure using rests. For example, chords or notes selected along the flow of the song based on a chord relationship or a predetermined frequency, or a plurality of immediately preceding chords or notes may be used.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, when repeat symbol data that should normally be read at the completion of one measure is read in the middle of a measure, and in the repeat mode, it is possible to display end data or data not written. When a song ends in the middle of a measure due to reset data, the subsequent performance is continued after completing that measure with rest data, etc. Therefore, the time signature when automatically performed according to incomplete performance data You can avoid falling out.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an electronic musical instrument to which an automatic performance device according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied, and FIGS.
Flowchart for explaining the operation of the device shown in FIG. 4. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing musical scores and the order in which they are played. FIG. 5 is a format diagram of data stored in the performance data memory of the device shown in FIG. It is. 11...Key switch, 13...Panel switch,
15...C8P switch, 26...CPU, 30.
...Program memory, 32...Working memory,
34... Registration memory, 36... Performance data memory, 42... Chord sound generation circuit, HNT.
...Beat counter.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A performance data memory in which performance data including note name or chord name data and beat number data is stored, and the performance data is sequentially read from this memory at a timing based on the beat number data. In an automatic performance apparatus comprising a data reading means and a musical sound generation circuit that generates a musical sound based on the read performance data, a means for counting the number of beats for each measure during a performance, The present invention is characterized by providing means for interpolating with predetermined data until the measure counting means completes counting for one measure when the data that should be at the break of the measure is read out in the middle of the measure. automatic performance device. 2. The automatic performance device according to claim 1, wherein the data that should be placed at the break between measures during the performance is repetition symbol data. 3. The automatic performance device according to claim 1, wherein the data that should be placed at bar breaks during the performance is end data or reset data in a repeat mode. 4. The automatic performance device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the interpolated data is rest data.