JPH0515279B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to an improvement in an electronic musical instrument having touch detection means.

[Summary of the Invention] The present invention facilitates performance in, for example, a keyboard-type electronic musical instrument by detecting and displaying the strength of the touch on a key.

[Prior Art] Conventionally, keyboard-type electronic musical instruments have been provided with a touch detection means for detecting the strength of touch on a key (key pressing speed, key depression pressure, etc.), and the music has been adjusted according to the detected touch strength. It is known to control volume, tone, etc. (see, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 59-838).

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] With conventional electronic musical instruments such as those described above, it is possible to know the strength of a key touch from changes in the volume of the performance sound. I didn't know if it was the touch strength, and it was inconvenient to operate the key.

Furthermore, when programming a rhythm pattern using input controls such as keys on a keyboard, it is difficult to know how many key touches the volume control data written to the rhythm pattern memory will correspond to, making it difficult to operate the program. It was inconvenient.

[Means for Solving the Problems] An object of the present invention is to easily perform touch operations on individual operators when detecting touch information from operators such as keys on a keyboard and using the information for music control, etc. It's about doing.

The present invention is characterized in that a display means is provided for displaying the strength of the touch on the operated operator.

The present invention is particularly useful when applied to a case where rhythm pattern programming is performed by writing rhythm control data corresponding to touch strength into a rhythm pattern memory as rhythm pattern configuration data.

[Function] According to the configuration of the present invention, since the touch strength display means is provided, the strength of touch on each operator can be easily recognized visually during performance or rhythm pattern programming, and the touch operation can be easily recognized visually. It becomes easier.

[Embodiment] FIG. 1 shows the circuit configuration of an electronic musical instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which the generation of various music such as a keyboard player, manual rhythm sound, autorhythm sound, etc. It is now controlled by a computer.

Circuit configuration (Fig. 1) The bus 10 includes a keyboard circuit 12, a touch detection circuit 1
4. Panel switch/display group 16, central processing unit (CPU) 18, program memory 20, working memory 22, rhythm pattern memory 2
4. A tempo clock generator 26, a key tone generator (KEY/TG) 28, and a rhythm tone generator (RHY/TG) 30 are connected.

The keyboard circuit 12 includes a keyboard in which a key switch and a touch sensor are provided for each key, and key operation information is detected for each key via the key switch.

The touch detection circuit 14 detects the strength of a key touch for each key on the keyboard via a touch sensor, and supplies touch data representing the strength of the key touch to the bus 10.

The panel switch/indicator group 16 includes various switches and indicators for musical tone control and performance control, and includes switches and indicators related to the implementation of this invention.
The indicators include a start/stop switch 34 for rhythm performance, and a mode switch 36 for selecting one of normal mode, real light mode, and step light mode.
and an increment switch 38 and a decrement switch 40 for respectively incrementing and decrementing the intra-measure timing value in the step write mode.
, a timing indicator 42 for displaying the number of beats and intra-beat timing values, and a touch indicator 44 for displaying the strength of the key touch in numerical or bar graph form.

The CPU 18 executes control processing for generating various musical tones, rhythm pattern elements, etc. according to programs stored in a program memory 20 consisting of a ROM (read-only memory). This will be described later with reference to FIGS. 3 to 11.

The working memory 22 is RAM (random
access memory), and consists of CPU18
It includes a large number of storage areas that are used as registers, flags, etc. during various processing. Among these registers, those related to the implementation of this invention will be described later.

The rhythm pattern memory 24 is composed of a RAM, and stores rhythm patterns in a data format as shown in FIG. 2, for example. In other words, 8 pronunciation channels of RHY/TG30
8-byte volume control data corresponding to CH1 to CH8 are stored for each timing value of 0 to 95 within one bar. 1 byte volume control data
VOL takes any value from 0 to 63, with 0 representing no sound generation, and 1 to 63 representing sound generation at the corresponding volume level. Note that the intra-measure timing values 0 to 95 are determined by the tempo clock counter described later.
This corresponds to the CLK count value.

Tempo clock generator 26 generates tempo clock pulses, and each tempo clock pulse is used as an interrupt command signal for starting an interrupt routine to be described later.

The KEY/TG 28 is for generating musical tone signals corresponding to keys pressed on the keyboard.

RHY/TG30 is used for manual rhythm performance and automatic rhythm performance, and has eight time-sharing sounding channels for generating rhythm sound signals.
It has CH1 to CH8. These sound channels are assigned different rhythm sound sources, for example, CH1 is a bass drum, CH2 is a snare drum, CH3 is a cymbal, and so on.
CH1 is assigned a C ₂ key, CH2 is assigned a C ₃ key, CH3 is assigned a C ₄ key, and so on. Therefore, manual rhythm performance can be performed using these eight keys, and automatic rhythm performance can also be performed using the rhythm pattern shown in Figure 2. It is possible to simultaneously produce up to eight notes per sound timing.

Musical sound signals from the KEY/TG 28 and RHY/TG 30 are supplied to a sound system 32 and converted into sound.

Registers of Working Memory Among the registers of the working memory 22, those related to the implementation of the present invention are listed below.

(1) Mode register MODE This is set to a value between 0 and 2 based on the operation of the mode switch 36.
0 represents normal mode, 1 represents real write mode, and 2 represents step write mode. The normal mode is a mode for playing melodies and the like using the keyboard, and in this mode, autorhythm performances can be used as accompaniment. In addition, the real light mode has 8 sound channels assigned to it as mentioned above.
This mode is for performing a manual rhythm performance using the two keys (generating manual rhythm sounds) and writing the content of the performance to the rhythm pattern memory 24 in a data format as shown in FIG. Further, in the step write mode, by specifying the timing using the increment switch 38 or decrement switch 40, a rhythm pattern is stored in the rhythm pattern memory 24 using the eight assigned keys as described above, as shown in FIG. This mode is for writing configuration data, and in this mode, rhythm sounds corresponding to the pressed keys are generated.

(2) Rhythm run flag RUN This is a register that is set to “1” or “0” based on the operation of the start/stop switch 34. “1” indicates rhythm running, and “0”
represent rhythm stops, respectively.

(3) Tempo clock counter CLK This counts the tempo clock pulses from the tempo clock generator 26, and is 0 to 95.
Take the count value of and the timing when it reaches 96 (1
It is reset to 0 at the end of the bar). In addition, in this example, the count value from 0 to 95 corresponds to 1 bar 4.
It corresponds to the beat (4 beats).

(4) Key code buffer KCBUF This is a register for storing key code data corresponding to the key where a key event (key on or key off) occurred.

(5) Touch data register TOUCH This register is for storing touch data taken in from the touch detection circuit 14, and the touch data takes any value from 0 to 63.

(6) Rhythm key code register RHYKC ₁ ~
RHYKC ₈ These registers correspond to the sound channels CH1 to CH8 of RHY/TG30, and by storing key code data for each register, the key code data can be applied to the sound channel corresponding to the register. It becomes possible to allocate keys.

(7) Address pointer for reading rhythm pattern
PNT This is an address register used when reading data from the rhythm pattern memory 24.

(8) Volume control data register VOLR This is a 1-byte register for storing the volume control data VOL read from the rhythm pattern memory 24.

Main Routine (Figure 3) Figure 3 shows the processing flow of the main routine.

First, in step 50, an initialization routine is executed to initialize various registers. For example, set “0” to flag RUN, register
MODE is set to 0, and counter CLK is set to 0. Then, proceed to step 52.

In step 52, it is determined whether there is a key event on the keyboard. As a result of this judgment, there is a key event
If (Y), the process moves to step 54 and a key processing subroutine is executed. Regarding this key processing, please refer to the 8th
This will be described later with reference to the drawings.

When the key processing in step 54 is completed or when it is determined in step 52 that there is no key event (N), the process moves to step 56. In this step 56, it is determined whether the mode switch (SW) 36 is on. If the result of this determination is that it is on (Y), the process moves to step 58, and the mode processing subroutine shown in FIG. 4 is executed.

In FIG. 4, in step 60, the flag
It is determined whether RUN is "0" (rhythm stopped), and if the result of this determination is affirmative (Y), the process moves to step 62.
In this step 62, the value of register MODE is set to 1.
rise. Then, in step 64, MODE
Determine whether the value of is 3, and if it is 3 (Y), step 66
After setting MODE to 0, proceed to step 68. If it is not 3 (N), the process moves to step 68 without passing through step 66. In this step 68,
A sound generation stop process is performed to stop all sound generation channels of KEY/TG28 and RHY/TG30.

As mentioned above, mode setting is possible when the rhythm is stopped, and each time the mode switch 36 is turned on.
Since the MODE value is changed from 0 to 1, from 1 to 2, or from 2 to 0, any one of "Real Write", "Step Write", and "Normal" modes can be selected as desired.

If the determination result at step 60 is negative (N) (during rhythm running) or when the process at step 68 is completed, the routine returns to the routine shown in FIG.

In FIG. 3, when the determination result at step 56 is negative (N) or when the mode processing at step 58 is completed, the process moves to step 70. This step
At 70, start/stop switch (SW) 3
4 is on, and if it is on (Y), step
72, the subroutine of the traveling process shown in FIG. 5 is executed. In FIG. 5, at step 74, it is determined whether the value of the register MODE is 2 (step write mode), and if the result of this determination is affirmative (Y), the routine returns to the FIG. 3 routine. This is to prohibit rhythm running during the step write mode.

If the determination result in step 74 is negative (N), the process moves to step 76, and the value obtained by subtracting the value of the flag RUN from 1 is set in RUN. As a result,
When the RUN value was "0", it becomes "1" (corresponding to rhythm running), and when it was "1", it becomes "0" (corresponding to rhythm stop), and the value is "0" (corresponding to rhythm stop). control becomes possible.

Next, in step 78, it is determined whether RUN is "1", and if it is "1" (Y), the process moves to step 80, and the counter CLK is set to 0. This is to start the rhythm run from the beginning of the measure.

If the determination result at step 78 is negative (N) or when the process at step 80 is completed, the process returns to the routine shown in FIG.

In FIG. 3, when the determination result at step 70 is negative (N) or when the running process at step 72 is completed, the process moves to step 82. This step 82
Then, it is determined whether the increment switch (INSW) 38 is on, and if it is on (Y), the process moves to step 84 and the increment processing subroutine shown in FIG. 6 is executed.

In FIG. 6, in step 86, the register
Is the MODE value 2 (step light mode)?
A determination is made, and if the determination result is negative (N), the process returns to the routine shown in FIG. This is to disable the operation of the increment switch 38 in modes other than the step write mode.

If the judgment result at step 86 is positive (Y), the process moves to step 88 and the value of counter CLK is set to 1.
rise. Also, divide the CLK value at this time by 24 to find the number of beats (any one from 1 to 4) and the intra-beat timing value (any one from 0 to 23),
The obtained beat number and intra-beat timing value are displayed on the timing display 42. This is so that the rhythm pattern configuration data can be written after checking the timing by looking at the display. After step 88, proceed to step 90.

In step 90, a subroutine for rhythm sound processing is executed as will be described later with reference to FIG.
To put this simply, rhythm pattern memory 2
4 to 8 bytes of volume control data corresponding to the CLK value to control the RHY/TG 30. As a result, if any of the read volume control data instructs sound generation, the rhythm sound is generated at a volume corresponding to the volume control data. Therefore,
It is also possible to write rhythm pattern configuration data by listening to the generated rhythm sounds.

Next, in step 92, it is determined whether the CLK value is 96 (whether it is the end of one measure), and if the result of this determination is affirmative (Y), the process moves to step 94. In this step 94,
The CLK value is reset to 0, and then the routine of FIG. 3 is returned to. If the determination result at step 92 is negative (N), the routine returns to the routine of FIG. 3 without passing through step 94.

In FIG. 3, when the determination result at step 82 is negative (N) or when the increment processing at step 84 is completed, the process moves to step 96. In this step 96, it is determined whether the decrement switch (DECSW) 40 is on, and if it is on (Y)
If so, the process moves to step 98, and the subroutine for decrement processing shown in FIG. 7 is executed.

In FIG. 7, in step 100, it is determined whether the step write mode is in the same manner as in step 86 described above, and if the result of this determination is negative (N), the process returns to the routine of FIG. Steps if available
Move to 102. In this step 102, the CLK value is set to 1.
At the same time, the number of beats and the intra-beat timing value are displayed on the timing display 42 in the same manner as in step 88 described above.

Next, in step 104, it is determined whether the CLK value is -1 (before the beginning of the measure), and if it is -1 (Y), 95 is set as the CLK value in step 106.

When the processing of step 106 is completed or
If the judgment result of 104 is negative (N), the third
Return to the routine shown in the figure.

In FIG. 3, when the determination result at step 96 is negative (N) or when the decrement processing at step 98 is completed, the process moves to step 108. In this step 108, it is determined whether there is an event in another switch (SW), and if there is not (N), the process returns to step 52. If yes (Y), the process moves to step 110, executes the process according to the switch, and then moves to step 52.
Return to

Key Processing Subroutine (FIG. 8) In FIG. 8, in step 120, key code data corresponding to the key where the key event occurred is stored in the buffer KCBUF. In this case, the most significant bit (MSB) of the key code data represents the event type, and is "1" if the key is on, and "0" if the key is off. After this, the process moves to step 122, and the touch data regarding the key for which the key-on event occurred is stored in the register TOUCH.

Next, in step 124, it is determined whether the value of the register MODE is 0 (normal mode). If the result of this determination is 0 (Y), the process moves to step 126.
Performs sound processing for KEY/TG28. That is, based on the key code data of the buffer KCBUF, if the key is on, the corresponding musical tone is generated, and if the key is off, the corresponding musical tone is stopped. Then proceed to step 128.

In step 128, it is determined whether there is another key event, and if there is (Y), the process returns to step 120 and the above process is repeated. Therefore, when multiple keys are pressed at the same time, musical tones corresponding to each key are sounded at the same time.

There are no other key events (N) as determined in step 128.
If so, proceed to step 130. In this step 130, the intensity of the touch is displayed on the touch display 44 in accordance with the touch data in the register TOUCH. The touch strength displayed at this time is related to a single key if a single key was pressed, and is related to the last key for which an event was detected if multiple keys were pressed. After step 130, the process returns to the routine of FIG.

If the MODE value is not 0 (N) as determined in step 124, it means that the mode is real write mode or step write mode, and the process moves to step 132.

In step 132, it is determined whether it is a key-on event based on the MSB of KCBUF, and this determination result is negative.
If (N), the process moves to step 128. If it is a key event (Y), the process moves to step 134 and executes the write processing subroutine shown in FIG. 9, which will be described later.

After step 134, follow the same steps as above.
Return is made to the routine of FIG. 3 via 128 and 130. Therefore, in the real write mode or the step write mode, the touch strength is displayed in step 130 in the same way as in the normal mode.

Write Processing Subroutine (FIG. 9) In FIG. 9, in step 140, 1 is set as the control variable i. And step 142
, the key code data of the i-th register RHYKCi among registers RHYKC ₁ to RHYKC ₈ and the key code data of the buffer KCBUF are
Determine if there is a match using key codes other than MSB. If this judgment result is negative (N), the step
After incrementing i by 1 at step 144, the process moves to step 146.

In step 146, it is determined whether i is greater than eight.
Initially, since i becomes 2 in step 144, the determination result in step 146 is negative (N), and the process returns to step 142.
Return to

If the above process is performed for 8 keys, the step
The determination result in step 146 is affirmative (Y), and the process returns to the routine shown in FIG. This is RHYKC ₁ ~
This is the case when a key different from the key assigned to RHYKC ₈ is pressed.

On the other hand, if the judgment result in step 142 is affirmative (Y), it means that the key related to the assignment has been pressed.
Proceed to step 148.

In step 148, when the value of the counter CLK is CLK, an operation such as CLK×8+i-1 is performed,
Pointer to the result of the operation as address data
Set to PNT. Here, the reason why CLK is multiplied by 8 is because the rhythm pattern configuration data for one sound generation timing is 8 bytes, as shown in Figure 2. Therefore, adding i-1 to CLK x 8 This is to specify the address corresponding to the sound generation channel for each sound generation timing.

Next, in step 150, the touch data of the register TOUCH is written to the address specified by PNT in the rhythm pattern memory 24.
As an example, if CLK=0, i=8, PNT
The value is 7, and the touch data is written to the seventh address (corresponding to sound generation channel CH8) in FIG. After this, the process moves to step 152.

In step 152, the rhythm sound generation is controlled in the i-th sound generation channel of the RHY/TG 30 at a volume corresponding to the TOUCH touch data. As a result, if i=8 and, for example, a triangle is assigned to CH8 as in the above example, a triangle sound is generated at a volume level corresponding to the touch strength indicated by the touch data. step 152
After that, the process returns to the routine shown in FIG. Then, in step 130, the touch strength is displayed based on the touch data as described above.

Interrupt Routine (FIG. 10) The interrupt routine of FIG. 10 is executed each time a tempo clock pulse is generated from the tempo clock generator 26.

First, in step 160, the flag RUN is set to “1”.
If it is not "1" (N), the rhythm has stopped, and the routine returns to the routine shown in FIG. Also,
If it is "1" (Y), it is rhythm running and the process moves to step 162.

In step 162, it is determined whether the value of the register MODE is 1 (real write mode). If this determination result is negative (N), it means that the mode is normal mode (RUN does not become "1" in step write mode as shown in FIG. 5), and the process moves to the next step 164. In this step 164, a rhythm sound processing subroutine is executed, which will be described later with reference to FIG. Then, the process moves to step 166.

If the judgment result in step 162 is positive (Y), it means that the real light mode is active.
Proceed to step 168. Normally, when the real write mode is selected, the start/switch 34 is operated to set RUN to "1".

In step 168, a timing sound (for example, a click sound) is generated based on the value of the counter CLK.
This is to make it easier to time the performance in real light mode. Note that the performer can arbitrarily set the timing at which the timing sound is produced (for example, every beat, every half beat, etc.). After step 168,
Proceed to step 166.

At step 166, the CLK value is incremented by 1 and the beat number and intra-beat timing value are displayed on the timing display 42, similar to step 88 in FIG. Then, in step 170, it is determined whether the CLK value is 96 (is it the end of one measure?), and if this determination result is negative.
If the answer is (N), the process returns to the routine of FIG. 3; if the answer is affirmative (Y), the CLK value is reset to 0 in step 172, and then the process returns to the routine of FIG.

Rhythm Sound Processing Subroutine (FIG. 11) In FIG. 11, in step 180, the control variable i is set to 1. And the steps
Proceeding to step 182, an address corresponding to the value of the counter CLK and i is set in the pointer PNT in the same manner as step 148 in FIG.

Next, in step 184, the volume control data VOL at the address specified by PNT is read out from the rhythm pattern memory 24 and registered.
Put it in VOLR. Then, the process moves to step 186.

In step 186, it is determined whether the value of VOLR is 0 (non-sounding), and if it is not 0 (N), the process moves to step 188. In step 188, the rhythm sound generation is controlled in the i-th sound generation channel of RHY/TG at a volume according to the volume control data of VOLR.
This is similar to step 152 in FIG. 9, except that the touch data is replaced with volume control data.

When the determination result in step 186 is affirmative (Y) or when the processing in step 188 is completed, i is incremented by 1 in step 190, and then the process moves to step 192, where it is determined whether i is greater than 8. At first, step
Since i becomes 2 at step 190, the determination result at step 192 is negative (N), and the process returns to step 182.

When the above processing is performed for 8 sound sources (8 channels), the judgment result in step 192 is positive (Y).
Then, the process returns to the original routine (FIG. 6 or 10).

Modifications This invention is not limited to the above embodiments, but can be implemented in various modifications.
For example, the following changes are possible.

(1) Real write mode and step write mode are shown as rhythm pattern editing modes, but erase mode and percussion mode (which only generates sound based on key presses without writing) may also be added. Good too.

(2) Although the volume of the rhythm sound is controlled based on the volume control data, the pitch and timbre of the rhythm sound may be changed.

(3) The assignment of keys to the sound channels of the PHY/TG 30 can be changed as appropriate.

(4) The assignment of rhythm sound sources to the RHY/TG30 sound channels can be changed as appropriate.

(5) Although the count value of the tempo clock counter CLK was determined to correspond to four beats, it is easy to set it to correspond to other beats depending on the type of rhythm.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, the touch strength of an operator such as a key on a keyboard is detected and displayed. This allows for easy touch operations, and has the effect of easily creating a variety of musical performances or rhythm pattern programs.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a circuit configuration of an electronic musical instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a data format of a rhythm pattern, and FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a data format of a rhythm pattern.
The figure shows a low chart showing the main routine.
5 is a flowchart showing a subroutine for mode processing, FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a subroutine for travel processing, FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing a subroutine for increment processing, and FIG. 7 is a flowchart for showing a subroutine for decrement processing. 8 is a flowchart showing a subroutine for key processing, FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing a subroutine for writing processing, and FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing a subroutine for writing processing.
FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing the interrupt routine. FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing the rhythm sound processing subroutine. 10... Bus, 12... Keyboard circuit, 14... Touch detection circuit, 16... Panel switch/display group, 18... Central processing unit, 20... Program memory, 22... Working memory, 24... …
Rhythm pattern memory, 26... Tempo clock generator, 28... Key tone generator, 30
...Rhythm tone generator, 32...Sound system.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1 (a) a plurality of operators each corresponding to a musical tone to be produced; and (b) touch detection means for detecting the strength of a touch on the operated operator among the plurality of operators. and (c) a display means for displaying the strength of the detected touch. 2 (a) a plurality of operators each corresponding to a rhythm sound to be produced; (b) a touch detection means for detecting the strength of a touch on an operated operator among the plurality of operators; (c) (d) a storage device for storing the rhythm pattern; and (e) a display means for displaying the strength of the detected touch; and (e) a display means for displaying the strength of the detected touch. and writing means for writing data into the storage device.