JP2641851B2 - Automatic performance device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for storing musical performance information generated by a player performing a musical operation of a musical instrument, reading the information later, and controlling the musical tone generator.
This is an automatic performance device that automatically performs, and particularly has a function of quantizing performance information generated at an arbitrary time into information generated at a time represented by a predetermined time interval.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Performance information of a human being is stored in a current automatic performance device as it is, and when it is reproduced, almost the same automatic performance as when a performance is performed can be reproduced. Such an automatic performance device usually has a plurality of performance parts, and stores performance information in each of the performance parts, and simultaneously reproduces the performance information stored in the plurality of performance parts.

In order to intentionally render the performance information stored as described above into a mechanical expression or to correct a performance with a slightly poor sense of rhythm, performance timing may be quantized.

[0004]

However, the mere selection of quantization or not often impairs the delicate performance expression of the player, and it is desirable to be able to select a wider variety of automatic performance methods. By the way, a key on / off signal of a keyboard which is performance information (in the MIDI standard,
There are various methods of storing note-on and note-off, and the key is generally used here. Therefore, the following two methods are typical. One of the methods, as shown in FIG. 3A, is a method in which when one key is turned on, the time until the key is turned off is simultaneously provided with the key on information. Another second method is
As shown in (b), this method simply stores the elapsed time from the event that occurred immediately before, together with the type of event, regardless of whether the key is on or off. The second method of the latter is
In the case of storing, even when reproducing, it is only necessary to perform the processing in order, so that it can be easily executed. On the other hand, deleting or changing a part of the stored performance information requires complicated time relations before and after that. It is difficult. On the other hand, in the first method, since the notes are managed as notes, they can be edited relatively easily. The former method has no problem when quantizing performance information.

That is, in the former first method, FIG.
As shown in (a), key on information (('O', 'B' in the example of FIG. 3A) and the time from when the key is turned on until it is turned off (key-on time; FIG. 3 (a) has 'A', 'C'), so the key ON information ('O', 'B' in the example of FIG. 3 (a)) is quantized to another value. Even if it is rewritten, the key-on time, which represents the time from key-on to key-off (see FIG. 3)
'A', 'C' in the example of (a) has no effect. Even when the key-off time is quantized, key-on information (such as “O”, “O” in the example of FIG.
If the key-on time ('A', 'C' in FIG. 3A) is quantized independently of 'B'), the amount of change in the key-on time (the time from key-on to key-off) is kept to a minimum. .

On the other hand, in the case of the latter second method, simply quantizing the ON / OFF state of a key to a certain unit time results in an extreme change in the key ON time as shown in FIG. There is a risk that it will. It is assumed that a performance performed as shown in FIG. 7A is quantized on a time axis shown in FIG. That is, in the quantization method in which the event occurring between the times t ₁ and t ₂ occurs at the intermediate time T ₁ , as shown in FIG. It will be short.

In view of the above circumstances, it is an object of the present invention to provide an automatic performance device capable of selecting various automatic performance methods from the viewpoint of quantization.

[0008]

In order to achieve the above object, an automatic performance apparatus according to the present invention includes, for each of a plurality of performance parts, performance information including note-on information, and time information indicating the generation time of the performance information. in and was stored, the stored performance information, reads accordance occurrence time of the time information attached is represented on the performance information, automatic performance apparatus for performing automatic performance by the plurality of performance parts, more Starring
For each Kanade part, the amount of changing the time of occurrence of note-on information, among a plurality of quantization time aligned at predetermined time intervals, to the nearest quantization time in the occurrence time of the pre-change
Quantization mode designating means for designating the mode of quantization, and quantization mode
Of the quantization for each performance part specified by the
Quantizer that performs quantization for each performance part according to the mode
And a step .

[0009]

[0010] In the automatic performance device of the above Symbol present invention, the quantization mode designating means, for each of the plurality of performance parts, may be used to specify whether or not to perform the quantization by the quantizing means. Here, the quantization mode finger
The aspect of the quantization specified Ri by the constant unit, with also include aspects of non-use of quantization, even in the case of performing the quantization, the time interval which is a unit of quantization are different from each other This is also included in the quantization mode.

[0011]

According to the automatic performance apparatus of the present invention, a quantization mode designating method for designating the mode of quantization of the generation time of note-on information is provided.
Since the stage is provided and the mode of quantization is switched for each performance part, various automatic performances can be performed according to the interests of the player and the operator.

[0013]

Examples below PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS As shown in FIG. 1, for key-on, for those that occurred between the time t ₀ of t ₄ is intended to have occurred t _2, the key-off is , And the key-on is moved in the unit of Δt. Here, the quantization time (time t
_The time obtained by equally dividing the time from ₀ to t ₄ ) into four is defined as Δt.

FIG. 1A shows the on / off state of the key before quantization, and FIG. 1B shows the on / off state of the key after quantization. FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of the automatic performance device according to the present embodiment. 1 is a serial / parallel converter. The MIDI signal, which is a standard of performance information, is a serial signal. When a MIDI signal generated by playing a keyboard or the like is received, the MIDI signal is converted into a parallel signal and output to the CPU. Also, CPU
When a parallel signal is input from the device, it is converted to a serial signal and output from the MIDI OUT terminal. This MIDI
An electronic musical instrument is connected to the OUT terminal, and generates a musical tone corresponding to a MIDI signal.

2 is a microprocessor (CPU),
It operates based on a control program stored in the ROM 4. Reference numeral 3 denotes a RAM which is used as a working memory of the CPU and in which performance information is stored. 5
Is a display device for displaying the state of operation on the operation panel 6 and the name of the music piece of performance information currently stored in the RAM.

Reference numeral 6 denotes an operation panel, which switches between a mode for storing performance and a mode for reproduction, an instruction to execute quantization, setting of a tempo at the time of reproduction, loading of the contents of the RAM into an external storage device such as a floppy disk 7, Consists of operators for saving and the like. (Quantization) When quantization is instructed by a switch in the operation panel, the CPU uses the working memory in the RAM shown in FIG. 5 to quantize the performance data in accordance with the control program stored in the ROM. .

[0017]

[Table 1]

The performance information stored in the RAM is sequentially read, and the events in one quantization section (t ₀ -t ₄ ) are processed as follows. If a key-on has occurred, the key number is written into the key-on buffer, and the numerical value n shown in the second column of Table 1 is stored in the corresponding pitch memory of the key map.
Δt time (t ₀ −t ₁ , t ₁ −
t ₂ ...).

If a key-off has occurred, the numerical value n is read from the corresponding key map, the addition shown in the third column of Table 1 is performed according to the Δt time at which the key-off occurred, and the result of the addition is obtained. Write the key numbers to the numerical key-off buffers 0-6. When the above process is completed for one quantization time, new quantized performance information is created in a new RAM area. In this procedure, it is assumed that the pitch information stored in the key-off buffer ₀ is generated at time t0. Similarly, the data stored in the key-off buffer 1 is at time t ₁ , the data stored in the key-off buffer 3 is at time t ₂ , the data stored in the key-off buffer 3 is at time t ₃ , and the data stored in the key-on buffer is at time t ₂ . Create as if it occurred. When this processing is completed, the same processing is subsequently performed for the next quantization time.

The key-on buffer and the key-off buffer
Working buffer and key map provided in RAM3
These blocks are shown in FIG. 5 for the memories in the area.
For example, the case of the key information shown in FIG.
The key-on time is t₀ -T ₁ Because it occurs between the table
Write the value n = 3 on the first line of 1 in the corresponding key map
You. The case where this key is C is shown in FIG. Key Omba
In the buffer, write that the key of C is turned on. this
Key-on when similar processing is completed within the quantization time
The key entered in the buffer is the time t_Two And what happened to
To create new performance information and clear the key-on buffer.
Rear. Next, the key-off will be described. M-th quantity
T of the childization interval_Three -T_Four Key-off has occurred. Key
Reads the value n from the storage location of the corresponding key number in the map
Then, n = 3. The time when the key-off occurs is t
_Three -T_Four Therefore, referring to Table 1, 3 + 3 = 6 is obtained.
You. Key number C at 6 in the key-off buffer
Fill in. Key-off buffers 0 to 3
The processing is described above, but the processing for the key-off buffers 4 to 6
Time t of the next quantization section m + 1₀ , T₁ , T_Two To
Assume that it has occurred.

It is to be noted that a plurality of performance parts can be separately input to the automatic performance device and read out at the same time at the time of reproduction so that the ensemble performance can be performed. If it is not to be quantized, and if quantization is to be performed, it is possible to select how to set the quantization interval, and how many times the quantization interval is divided to set Δt.

At the time of reproduction, a plurality of parts are played simultaneously. However, since it is unknown which part is stored in which storage area (track), an indicator is provided for each track, and the performance data is provided. Occurs, the indicator corresponding to the track to which the performance data belongs is turned on.

[0023]

As described above, according to the present invention, since the quantization mode is switched for each performance part, various automatic performances can be performed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an outline.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an automatic performance device.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a performance information storage device method.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating quantization.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a working memory.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Serial-parallel converter 2 Microprocessor (CPU) 3 RAM 4 ROM 5 Display device 6 Operation panel 7 Floppy disk

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. For each of a plurality of performance parts, performance information including note-on information is stored with time information indicating the generation time of the performance information, and the stored performance information is added to the performance information. In the automatic performance device which reads out according to the occurrence time indicated by the time information and performs the automatic performance by the plurality of performance parts, the occurrence times of the note-on information are arranged at predetermined time intervals for each of the plurality of performance parts . A quantization mode designating method for designating a quantization mode to be changed to the quantization time closest to the occurrence time before the change among the plurality of quantization times.
Stage and each performance part specified by the quantization mode specifying means.
Performs quantization for each performance part according to the quantization mode for each
An automatic performance device comprising: a quantization unit. Wherein said quantization mode designation means, said plurality of
For each performance part, the quantity by the quantization means
2. The automatic performance apparatus according to claim 1, wherein whether to perform child transformation is specified .