JP2583377B2 - Automatic performance device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an automatic performance for automatically performing a performance by storing performance information generated by a player performing an operation of a musical instrument, reading the information later, and controlling a tone generator. BACKGROUND ART A performance apparatus, particularly an automatic performance apparatus having a function of quantizing performance information generated at an arbitrary time into information generated at a time represented by a predetermined time interval.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Performance information of a human being is stored in a current automatic performance device as it is, and when it is reproduced, almost the same automatic performance as when a performance is performed can be reproduced. Performance timing may be quantized in order to intentionally render the stored performance information into a mechanical expression or to correct a performance with a slightly poor sense of rhythm.

[0003]

On the other hand, an on / off signal of a key of a keyboard, which is performance information (note on and note off in the MIDI standard, but since the keyboard is common, they are called key on and key off here). Various methods have been considered as a method for storing the following, but the following two methods are typical. One is a method in which, as shown in FIG. 3A, when one key is turned on, the time until the key is turned off is held at the same time as the key-on information.
As shown in (b), this method simply stores the elapsed time from the event that occurred immediately before, together with the type of event, regardless of whether the key is on or off. The latter method can be easily executed because it is only necessary to perform processing in order when storing or reproducing, but it is easy to delete or change a part of the stored performance information before and after that. The time relationship is complicated and difficult. On the other hand, in the former method, since notes are managed, editing is relatively easy. The former method has no problem when quantizing performance information. That is, in the former method, FIG.
As shown in FIG. 3A, key on information (example of FIG. 3A)
'0', 'B'), and after the key is turned on,
Time (key-on time; in the example of FIG. 3A)
Has 'A', 'C'), so key on information
('0', 'B' in the example of FIG. 3A) is quantized.
Even if it is rewritten to another value,
Key-on time representing the time until key-off (FIG. 3 (a)
'A', 'C' in the above example has no effect.
No. Even when quantizing the key-off time, the key
-On information ('O' in the example of FIG.
'B') and the key-on time (in FIG. 3 (a))
By quantizing 'A', 'C'), the key-on time (key
The amount of change from on to key-off) is kept to a minimum
You. On the other hand, in the latter case, if the key on / off is simply quantized independently to a certain unit time, the key on time may be extremely changed as shown in FIG. . It is assumed that a performance performed as shown in FIG. 7A is quantized on a time axis shown in FIG. That is, an event that occurs between times t ₁ and t ₂ is a quantization method that occurs at an intermediate time T ₁ .
As shown in (c), the time during which the key is turned on becomes very short.

[0004]

Means for Solving the Problems The present invention has been made to solve this problem, the information of the performance operation, and stores given the elapsed time from the occurrence time of the information generated immediately before each storage in the information automatic musical instrument for generating musical tone by reading in accordance with the elapsed time attached to the information, (a) the occurrence time of the note-on information, the predetermined unit time interval
Occurrence time before change among multiple quantization times arranged in
Quantizing means for changing the nearest quantization time in a no is changed generation time by (b) the quantization means
The generation time of the note-off information corresponding to the
The time corresponding to the note-off information occurrence time and the note-off information
Change both the note-on information occurrence time and
Before and after making changes for both.
Time corresponding to the note-off information and the note-off information
The amount of change in the difference time from the time when the note-on information
Characterized by comprising a changing means and city to change to minimize.

[0005] Here, the generation time of the note-off information is changed.
Indicates the occurrence time of note-off information and the occurrence of note-on information
Before and after the change of both the time and
Note-on information corresponding to the occurrence time and its note-off information
So that the time difference between the time when the
Alternatively, the occurrence time of the note-on information may be changed as it is, but the occurrence time of the note-off information is also quantized, and the occurrence time of the note-off information is also quantized.
May be corrected to a quantization time at which the change in the difference time is minimized . The present invention includes both aspects.

[0006]

The automatic performance device of the present invention quantizes the occurrence time of the note-on information and corrects the occurrence time of the note-off information by this quantization by shifting the occurrence time of the note-on information. Even if the generation time of the note-on information is quantized, it is possible to avoid that the key-on time width is significantly changed.

[0007]

EXAMPLES Example shown below, as shown in FIG. 1, for key-on, for those that occurred between the time t ₀ of t ₄ is intended to have occurred t _2, for the key-off, the key-on It is moved in the unit of Δt by the moved amount. Here, the quantization time (from time t ₀ to t
₄ ) is defined as Δt.

FIG. 1A shows the on / off state of a key before quantization, and FIG. 1B shows the on / off state of the key after quantization. FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the automatic performance device according to the present embodiment. 1 is a serial / parallel converter. The MIDI signal, which is a standard of performance information, is a serial signal. When a MIDI signal generated by playing a keyboard or the like is received, the MIDI signal is converted into a parallel signal and output to the CPU. Also, when a parallel signal is input from the CPU, it is converted to a serial signal,
Output from MIDI OUT terminal. This MIDI O
An electronic musical instrument is connected to the UT terminal, and generates a musical tone corresponding to a MIDI signal.

2 is a microprocessor (CPU),
It operates based on a control program stored in the ROM 4. Reference numeral 3 denotes a RAM which is used as a working memory of the CPU and in which performance information is stored. 5
Is a display device for displaying the state of operation on the operation panel 6 and the name of the music piece of performance information currently stored in the RAM.

Reference numeral 6 denotes an operation panel which switches between a mode for storing performance and a mode for reproduction, an instruction to execute quantization, setting of a tempo at the time of reproduction, loading of the contents of the RAM into an external storage device such as a floppy disk 7, Consists of operators for saving and the like. (Quantization) When quantization is instructed by a switch in the operation panel, the CPU uses the working memory in the RAM shown in FIG. 5 to quantize the performance data in accordance with the control program stored in the ROM. .

[0011]

[Table 1]

The performance information stored in the RAM is sequentially read, and the events in one quantization section (t ₀ -t ₄ ) are processed as follows. If a key-on has occurred, the key number is written into the key-on buffer, and the numerical value n shown in the second column of Table 1 is stored in the corresponding pitch memory of the key map.
Δt time (t ₀ −t ₁ , t ₁ −
t ₂ ...).

If a key-off has occurred, the numerical value n is read from the corresponding key map, and the addition shown in the third column of Table 1 is performed according to the Δt time at which the key-off occurs, and the result of the addition is obtained. Write the key numbers to the numerical key-off buffers 0-6. When the above process is completed for one quantization time, new quantized performance information is created in a new RAM area. In this procedure, it is assumed that the pitch information stored in the key-off buffer ₀ is generated at time t0. Similarly, the data stored in the key-off buffer 1 is at time t ₁ , the data stored in the key-off buffer 3 is at time t ₂ , the data stored in the key-off buffer 3 is at time t ₃ , and the data stored in the key-on buffer is at time t ₂ . Create as if it occurred. When this processing is completed, the same processing is subsequently performed for the next quantization time.

The above key-on buffer and key-off buffer
Working buffer and key map provided in RAM3
These blocks are shown in FIG. 5 for the memories in the area.
For example, the case of the key information shown in FIG.
The key-on time is t₀ -T ₁ Because it occurs between the table
Write the value n = 3 on the first line of 1 in the corresponding key map
You. The case where this key is C is shown in FIG. Key Omba
In the buffer, write that the key of C is turned on. this
Key-on when similar processing is completed within the quantization time
The key entered in the buffer is the time t_Two And what happened to
To create new performance information and clear the key-on buffer.
Rear. Next, the key-off will be described. M-th quantity
T of the childization interval_Three -T_Four Key-off has occurred. Key
Reads the value n from the storage location of the corresponding key number in the map
Then, n = 3. The time when the key-off occurs is t
_Three -T_Four Therefore, referring to Table 1, 3 + 3 = 6 is obtained.
You. Key number C at 6 in the key-off buffer
Fill in. Key-off buffers 0 to 3
The processing is described above, but the processing for the key-off buffers 4 to 6
Time t of the next quantization section m + 1₀ , T₁ , T_Two To
Assume that it has occurred.

In the automatic performance apparatus, a plurality of performance parts can be separately input and read simultaneously at the time of reproduction so that the ensemble performance can be performed. If it is not to be quantized, and if quantization is to be performed, it is possible to select how to set the quantization interval, and how many times the quantization interval is divided to set Δt.

At the time of reproduction, a plurality of parts are played simultaneously. However, since it is unknown which part is stored in which storage area (called a track), a display is provided for each track, and performance data is provided. Occurs, the indicator corresponding to the track to which the performance data belongs is turned on.

[0017]

As described above, when the note-on information is changed to the one generated at the center time of the quantization interval, the note-off information is changed in the same manner as the note-on information is changed. Therefore, the time during which the key is turned on does not differ greatly by quantization.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an outline.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an automatic performance device.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a performance information storage device method.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating quantization.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a working memory.

[Description of Signs] 1 Serial-to-parallel converter 2 Microprocessor (CPU) 3 RAM 4 ROM 5 Display device 6 Operation panel 7 Floppy disk

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] The method according to claim 1] of the performance operation information, and stores are denoted by the elapsed time from the occurrence time of the information generated immediately before each serial
In the automatic performance apparatus for generating a musical tone by reading the憶information as time elapses attached to the information, (a) the occurrence time of the note-on information, the predetermined unit time interval
Occurrence time before change among multiple quantization times arranged in
Quantizing means for changing the nearest quantization time in a no is changed generation time by (b) the quantization means
The generation time of the note-off information corresponding to the
The time corresponding to the note-off information occurrence time and the note-off information
Change both the note-on information occurrence time and
Before and after making changes for both.
Time corresponding to the note-off information and the note-off information
The amount of change in the difference time from the time when the note-on information
An automatic performance device comprising: changing means for changing the value to a minimum .