JP2591417B2 - Automatic performance data correction device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an automatic performance data correcting apparatus for correcting recorded automatic performance data.
In particular, it relates to improvement of the correction processing method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art One of the systems for recording automatic performance data in an automatic performance device is a real-time system in which data is written by an actual performance. While the real-time method allows quick write processing, it sometimes causes a slight timing shift.

[0003] For this reason, the automatic performance device is capable of correcting (editing) the timing and the like of the recorded automatic performance data. As one of the editing methods, there is a quantize method for automatically aligning a musical sound generation timing to an accurate position (for example, a timing of every eighth note).

[0004]

When the quantizing process is performed, all the performance data are aligned at the correct timing. Therefore, the performance data of a plurality of adjacent identical notes (same tone, same pitch) are aligned at the same timing. Sometimes. When the tones of the same note are generated at the same timing, the waveforms of the two tones have a time difference due to the time division operation of the sound source or a time difference due to the sequential reading from the automatic performance memory, and the two sounds are fading due to this difference. This sometimes caused the sound to be unnatural. It has been empirically known that this phenomenon is particularly remarkable in percussion musical sounds such as drum sounds.

When automatic performance data is recorded in real time, the data system is an on / off event system. However, in the on / off event method, since one musical tone is represented by two discrete event data of an on event and an off event, it is necessary to correct two data to correct one musical tone, which is troublesome. Was.

According to the present invention, internal processing at the time of correction is easy,
It is another object of the present invention to provide an automatic performance data correcting apparatus capable of processing the same timing and the same note by quantization so that the sounds of the same note do not overlap.

[0007]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided automatic performance data storage means for storing automatic performance data, and the same tone and the same pitch generated at the same timing from the automatic performance data. Detecting means for detecting a plurality of performance data; correcting means for deleting, or moving to another timing, performance data other than a predetermined one of the plurality of performance data detected by the detection means; It is characterized by having.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, a first storage means for storing automatic performance data by an on / off event method, a second storage means for storing automatic performance data by a gate time event method, First conversion means for converting the automatic performance data stored in the first storage means into data of a gate time system and transferring the data to the second storage means;
Correction means for correcting the automatic performance data converted by the conversion means and stored in the second storage means, and the automatic performance data corrected by the correction means and stored in the second storage means in an on / off event system. To the data of the first
And a second conversion means for transferring the data to the storage means.

[0009]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the detecting means detects a plurality of performance data of the same note (same tone and pitch) from the automatic performance data stored in the automatic performance data storage means. The correction means deletes one or more of these pieces of performance data and moves to another timing. As a result, the same note does not sound simultaneously and produce an unnatural tone.

In the invention of claim 2 of the present application, the first storage means for storing the automatic performance data in an on / off event system and the second storage means for storing the automatic performance data in a gate time event system. And first and second conversion means for converting automatic performance data between these storage means. Further, the automatic performance data stored in the second storage means is corrected by the correction means. Since the second storage means stores the performance data in a gate time event system, it can be easily modified. Further, recording / reproduction is easier with the performance data of the on / off event system stored in the first storage means. Therefore, the data is recorded in the first storage means by the on / off event method, is converted to the gate time event method by the first conversion means, is transferred to the second storage means, and is corrected by the correction means. The corrected data can be rewritten to the first storage means using the second conversion means and reproduced. That is, both recording / reproducing and correction can be performed in a method that is easy to process.

[0011]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. This embodiment is an electronic musical instrument having an automatic performance function. When the mode of the electronic musical instrument is set to the record mode and the keyboard 15 is played, event data is recorded in real time. Thereafter, by setting the edit mode, the recorded automatic performance data can be corrected.

In FIG. 1, a CPU 10 for controlling the operation of the electronic musical instrument has a ROM 12 and a RAM via a bus.
13, detection circuits 14, 16, a display circuit 18, and a sound source circuit 19 are connected. The ROM 12 stores a control program for controlling the operation of the electronic musical instrument. An automatic performance memory and an edit buffer are set in the RAM 13. The automatic performance memory is an area for storing automatic performance data by an on / off event method, and corresponds to the first storage means of the present invention. The edit buffer is an area for storing automatic performance data in a gate time system, and corresponds to the second storage means of the present invention. A keyboard 15 is connected to the detection circuit 14. Keyboard 15 is 5
A keyboard with a range of about an octave. The detection circuit 14 detects ON / OFF of each key of the keyboard 15 and a key pressing speed.
A panel switch 17 is connected to the detection circuit 16. The panel switch 17 has a mode switch for switching between a record mode, an edit mode, and a play mode, and a resolution (resolution) operated at the time of editing.
It includes a setting switch, a quantize instruction switch, an audition switch, a confirmation switch, and the like. The display circuit 18 is a liquid crystal matrix display, and displays the current mode, edit contents, and the like. The tone generator 19 has 16 sound channels and can generate 16 sounds simultaneously. A D / A converter 20 is connected to the tone generator 19. The D / A converter 20 is a sound source circuit 19
A time-division digital tone signal input from the controller is synthesized with an analog stereo signal. This signal is input to the sound system 21. The sound system 21 amplifies this musical sound and emits it from the speaker.

An editing function of automatic performance data in the electronic musical instrument will be described with reference to FIGS.

FIG. 2 shows a performance state in the record mode. In the record mode, this performance is recorded in real time as performance data of an on / off event method. The timbre is, for example, a hi-hat sound (percussion instrument system), and all the notes are the same. During real-time recording, ON / OFF events are detected at quarter note = 24 clock intervals. When the performance as shown is performed, data as shown in FIG. 3A is recorded. In this example, the timing of the performance is very different, and if the reproduction is performed as it is, the performance will have no rhythm feeling. Therefore, a quantizing process for adjusting the sound generation timing in the edit mode is performed.

FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the quantizing operation. FIG. 7A shows data of the on / off event method in which the performance of FIG. 2 is recorded in real time. The on-event data is composed of (note on code / key code / velocity data), and the off-event data is composed of (note off code / key code). The note on / off code is a code for instructing sound on / off. The key code is a code indicating the pitch of a musical tone, and is the same for all timbres. The velocity data is data indicating the strength of the pronunciation. Between these event data, time data (duration data) representing the event occurrence interval by the number of clocks is inserted.

FIG. 2B is a diagram obtained by converting the data of FIG. 1A into a gate time event system. The gate time event method is a method in which the note length (gate time) of a musical sound is recorded at the time of note-on (on event). In this method, one sound can be recorded as a set of musical sound data (note-on code / key code / velocity / gate time). Duration data indicating a sounding interval is inserted between each tone data.

FIG. 1C shows a state in which the musical tone data of FIG. 1B recorded at irregular timings are aligned (quantized) in eighth note units.
That is, the tone generation timing of the musical tone data is corrected to the eighth note timing closest to the timing of the original data.
That is, the duration data inserted between each musical tone data is an eighth note = 12 clock unit interval (12n
(N = 0, 1, 2,...)). Here, this fix
Since data recorded by the gate time method is corrected, only one set of tone data recorded at the note-on timing is required.

By this processing, each musical tone data is aligned at the eighth note unit, but a plurality of musical tone data recorded at close timings are aligned at the same timing (tone, see).

FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining a method of correcting musical sound data that overlaps at the same timing due to quantization.
When tone data of the same timing and the same note is generated, deletion or movement correction is performed. In the method shown in FIG. 9A, when there are a plurality of musical tones at the same timing, the one having a short gate time is deleted and the one having a long gate time is left. This is because a short gate time has a high possibility of an input error or key chattering.

In the method shown in FIG. 2B, when a plurality of musical tone data exist at the same timing, one musical tone data is moved to an adjacent quantizing timing.
Regarding which data is to be moved, the data originally separated from the quantize timing (in the original data (FIG. 2B)) is moved in the direction in which the data is separated. It is moved, but if the deviation is in the forward direction, it is moved forward.

FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the reverse conversion of the data format after the edit processing. FIG. 4A is FIG.
The automatic performance data in which overlapping is avoided by the deletion method of FIG. 7A is converted from the gate time event method to the on / off event method. FIG. 5B is a view similar to FIG.
The automatic performance data, in which the overlap is avoided by the moving method, is converted from the gate time event method to the on / off event method.

When reproducing the automatic performance data, the automatic performance data of the on / off event method is easier to process than that of the gate time method. That is, the event data is read out at a predetermined timing,
This is because it only needs to be transmitted to the sound source circuit 19.
This system also supports the standard MIDI file format, and can easily transmit and receive data to and from other electronic musical instruments.

On the other hand, if the data is stored by the gate time event method as described above, editing such as movement of timing and correction of sound length is easy.

FIG. 6 is a flow chart showing the operation when the CPU 10 executes the above-mentioned editing operation. This operation represents only an editing operation, and it is assumed that a preceding operation of writing real-time automatic performance data to the automatic performance memory has already been performed.

First, a resolution (resolution) is set at n1. The resolution can be set in note units such as quarter notes and eighth notes. This setting is performed by operating the panel switch 17. Next, a quantization instruction is input by operating the panel switch 17. Based on this instruction, a quantizing process for adjusting the timing is performed while data is transferred from the automatic performance memory to the edit buffer (n3, n4). After the data format conversion, it is determined whether there is musical tone data of the same note at the same timing (n5). If there is musical tone data of the same note at the same timing, the above-described (FIG. 4) deletion or movement correction processing is executed (n6).

If there is no identical note, this operation is skipped. Next, an input as to whether or not to listen to the corrected data (turn on the audition switch) is accepted (n7). When the audition switch is turned on, the performance data is read from the edit buffer and output to the tone generator 19 to perform an automatic performance. Thereafter, an input as to whether or not to fix this correction is accepted. The confirmation is input when the confirmation switch is turned on. When the decision switch is turned on, the automatic performance data recorded in the gate time event method is converted again into the on / off event method, overwritten on the original automatic performance memory (n10), and the processing is terminated. . If it is not determined, an input as to whether or not to change the resolution and start over is accepted (n11). If there is an input to that effect, the process returns to n1. . The change of the resolution is input by turning on the resolution switch at n11.

In the above-mentioned correction, deletion or movement is selected uniformly for all correction points, but one of them is selected according to the situation in consideration of the sound length, timing shift, and the like. Is also good. For example, when the gate time is shorter than a certain value, there is a possibility of an input error, so that the input is deleted.

In the above embodiment, the processing for deleting and moving the musical sound data of the same timing and the same note was performed in parallel with the quantizing processing. However, this processing may be performed in a separate processing independent of the quantizing processing. . Also,
This processing may be performed for musical sound data of the same timing and the same note generated by a cause other than the quantization processing.

When the deletion method is corrected, the one with the longest gate time is left, but the shortest gate time is left.
An appropriate one may be left irrespective of the length. Alternatively, notes to be left may be determined based on other factors such as velocity.

When the moving method is modified, if there is further musical data of the same note at the destination, the musical data may be deleted or moved to the next position. Alternatively, the moved musical sound data may be returned to the original state, and the musical sound data not moved may be moved in the opposite direction. Further, when the moving process is performed separately from the quantization, the moving destination does not need to be accurate beat timing.

Although quantization has been described as an example in which a note event is moved to an accurate timing, the timing may not always be accurate. For example, a process may be performed to match a timing that is a predetermined clock away from the accurate timing, or to approach a timing that is a predetermined clock accurate from the timing of the original data. Also, this processing may be applied when the note-on timings do not completely match (slightly shifted, but the sounding periods overlap).

Further, the correction of the musical tone data is not limited to the correction of the tone generation timing, but may be the correction of raising or lowering the pitch. Even such a correction process is easy because the number of data to be changed is one for each note.

The timing data is not limited to the duration data representing the interval between events, but may be described as data representing the timing from the beginning of a bar to the occurrence of an event.

The modified automatic performance data may not be overwritten from the edit buffer to the automatic performance memory, but may be reproduced on the spot.

[0035]

As described above, according to the present invention, even when a plurality of pieces of performance data of the same note exist at the same timing, only one of the pieces of performance data is left, so that the fading phenomenon does not occur. Unnatural musical sounds are not pronounced. In addition, the automatic performance data recorded by the on / off event method is converted to the data of the gate time event method, corrected, and re-converted to the data of the on / off event method for reproduction. Both recording / playback and correction can be done in an efficient and simple manner.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an electronic musical instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a view showing real-time performance data input to the electronic musical instrument;

FIG. 3 is a view for explaining quantization of the performance data;

FIG. 4 is a view for explaining a timing correction method of the performance data.

FIG. 5 is a view for explaining re-conversion of the performance data.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the operation of the electronic musical instrument.

[Explanation of symbols]

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. Automatic performance data storage means for storing automatic performance data; detection means for detecting, from the automatic performance data, a plurality of pieces of performance data having the same tone and the same pitch generated at the same timing; Correction means for deleting, or moving to another timing, other performance data other than one predetermined performance data among the plurality of performance data detected by the automatic performance data. Correction device. 2. A first storage means for storing the automatic performance data by an on / off event method in which the automatic performance data is represented by note-on event data, note-off event data and occurrence timing data of each event data, A second storage means for storing the automatic performance data in a gate time event system in which the automatic performance data is expressed by musical tone data including gate time data and occurrence timing data of each event data; and a storage means for storing the automatic performance data in the first storage means. The automatic performance data is converted to the gate time data and the second
First conversion means for writing to the storage means, correction means for correcting the automatic performance data converted by the first conversion means and stored in the second storage means, Second conversion means for re-converting the automatic performance data stored in the second storage means into the data of the on / off event system and transferring the data to the first storage means. Automatic performance data correction device.