JPS6065900A - Tonnel ventilation controller - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Application of the Invention] The present invention relates to a tunnel ventilation control device, particularly a tunnel ventilation control device that makes effective use of natural wind and cross-ventilation generated by passing vehicles and enables effective operation of a blower. Regarding equipment.

[Background of the invention]

As more and more roads are constructed with tunnels, ventilation control within the tunnels becomes important. An example of conventional tunnel ventilation equipment will be described. There is a tunnel ventilation system that has an exhaust hole and an exhaust fan installed in the center of the tunnel, and further has air blowers installed parallel to the road to blow air from both tunnel entrances to the central exhaust hole. In this tunnel ventilation system, two smoke transmittance meters and a carbon monoxide concentration meter are installed on both sides of the tunnel, centered around the central exhaust hole, and the deviation of the measured values of these meters is specified. When the value exceeds the value, the blower is operated, and the measurement value is sampled after a certain period of time, the operating effect of the blower is measured, and the blower is again controlled according to the measurement results.

According to this inertia control, since the sampling time is constant, in tunnels where the amount of vehicles passing through the tunnel fluctuates drastically or the types of vehicles passing through the tunnel fluctuate, the tunnel ventilation control r There was a risk that wholesalers would no longer match the actual situation.

On the other hand, there is ventilation control in which the number of operating blowers is determined based on the ratio of vehicles to two-way traffic, and the blowers are operated. This enclosure control has the disadvantage that the distribution of contaminated air within the tunnel cannot be optimized.

Additionally, there are other ventilation controls (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. tli'356-93
Publication No. 999). In this ventilation control, the sampling cycle of the pollution amount data and the control cycle of the ventilation air volume are changed according to the rate of change of the pollution amount in the tunnel within a unit time.

According to this (4kiffj!I'fH), it works effectively in tunnels where vehicle traffic is only in one direction and in ventilation equipment that exhausts contaminated air (or supplies fresh air); However, there is a problem in that it cannot be used to operate the support blower that concentrates contaminated air around the contaminated air exhaust hole installed in the center of the tunnel.

[Purpose of the invention]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a tunnel ventilation control device that allows the sampling period to be varied depending on the condition of the tunnel.

[Summary of the invention]

The present invention focuses on the fact that the operating effect of a blower differs depending on the relationship between the amount of contaminated air exhausted from the tunnel, the amount of ventilation due to the 4L car traffic ratio, and the amount of air blown by the blower, and based on these air volume ratios. In addition, the sampling period of the adjustment effect of the feeder is automatically changed according to the pollution level of the air inside the tunnel. As a result, it is possible to prevent excess or deficiency in the amount of fat and the to be sent.

[Embodiments of the invention]

FIG. 1 shows an example of tunnel ventilation equipment to which the present invention is applied. The tunnel 200 is built inside the stratum 100, and the polluted air 7 inside the tunnel is located in the center of the tunnel.
An exhaust hole is provided to exhaust air outside the tunnel, and an exhaust fan 1 is used to discharge contaminated air. Inside the tunnel 200, blowers 2 to 7 were installed parallel to the road. , contact 2
, 3.4 blows air from tunnel entrance A toward the exhaust hole, and blows air [5, 6, and 7 blows air from tunnel population C toward the exhaust hole? Receive l1lJ's control.

Smoke permeability meters 8 and 9 are installed near the exhaust hole, and the smoke permeability meter 8 measures the air pollution level from the exhaust hole to the tunnel entrance A side, and the smoke permeability meter 9 measures the degree of air pollution from the exhaust hole to the tunnel entrance C side. Measure the degree of air pollution.

@@10 to 12 passing through the tunnel face each other, and the number of passing vehicles is measured by a vehicle number counter 13.

Next, the operations of the exhaust fan 1 and the fans 2 to 7 will be explained. First, the exhaust fan 1 determines the air pollution rate Q, depending on the number of vehicles passing through the tunnel and the type of vehicles, and
4. Adjust the exhaust amount stepwise or continuously so that the transmittance or -carbon oxide rJJ degree is below the specified value. This t")
Qi@QE is given by the following formula.

Qg=KXNXL...Song...mm...Old...(1)
Here, K is a constant, N is the number of vehicles passing through the tunnel per unit time (it also reflects the size of the vehicle), and L is the total length of the tunnel.

Next, we will discuss the piston action of the t1 car traveling in the tunnel. If the speeds and tonnage types of the axles of two-way traffic are ideally balanced, as shown in Fig.
In balance, the eight points in the center of the tunnel are the worst points of contamination, and rational exhaust ventilation is achieved. Now, if the balance of the two-way traffic ratio of vehicles in the tunnel is disrupted and the number of vehicles entering from the entrance A side decreases, due to the piston action of the vehicles,
The air inside the tunnel is pushed toward the entrance A side, and as shown in FIG. 3, the measured value of the smoke permeability meter 8 loses its balance with the measured value E of the smoke permeability meter 9.

The wind pressure ΔPt caused by the piston action of the car Q((), that is, the amount of ventilation brought in from the outside of the vehicle, is as follows.

X n-(ut-v, )2...
・(2) Here, ρ is the air density in the tunnel, AF is the cross-sectional area of traffic space in the tunnel, A is the equivalent resistance area of the vehicle,
nl is the number of vehicles heading in the same direction as the lice (in the tunnel),
n- is the number of vehicles heading in the opposite direction to the wind direction in the tunnel, v
2 is the wind speed in the tunnel, u+t is the speed of the vehicle heading in the same direction as the first direction in the tunnel, and u- is the speed of the vehicle heading in the same direction as the first direction in the tunnel.

The blower is operated to cancel out the wind pressure ΔP caused by the piston action of the vehicle, and the imbalance in the distribution of contaminated air shown in FIG. 3 is corrected as shown in FIG. 2.

The wind pressure ΔP1 generated by operating the blower is as follows.

Here, ρ is the air density in the tunnel, vt is the air blowing speed of the blower, φ is the cross-sectional area ratio (A+/A-), Ar is the blowing area of the blower, and R is the flow velocity ratio (vr/v, ).

Therefore, if the balance is lost as shown in Figure 3, by operating one, two, or three of the blowers 2, 3.4, the wind pressure ΔPt caused by the piston action of the vehicle and the wind pressure ΔP caused by the blower operation can be adjusted. .

All you have to do is balance it out.

FIG. 4 shows a case where an imbalance occurs in the opposite direction to that in FIG. 3. In such a case, the blowers 5, 6 and 7 will be operated in the same manner as described above.

In actual tunnels, the exhaust gas from vehicles emitted into the air is not uniform and fluctuates widely, so there is a significant time delay between when the blower is turned on and when the actual effect is seen. Therefore, by automatically changing this effect waiting time t according to the following formula, it is possible to realize control in accordance with the actual situation.

Here, QB is the air volume of the blower, and is as follows.

Q B=n1Xv(XA+XKr ・・・・・・・・・
(5) Here, nl is the number of operating blowers, vf is the air blowing speed of the blower, At is the blowing area of the blower, and Kt is a constant. Furthermore, QT is the air volume generated by the two-way traffic ratio of vehicles passing through the tunnel, and is expressed as follows.

Q r, = (n"・u"t,'-・"t) XA
. xKt・・・・・・・・・(6) Here, n”, n- is the number of vehicles for each lane, As is the equivalent resistance area of vehicles, “+1”-L is for each lane The number of vehicles, K* is a constant.Furthermore, QE is the displacement, and K is a constant.

By following the above ventilation control, the following functions can be achieved.

(1) When the exhaust volume and ventilation volume are constant, and the ratio of vehicles to two-way traffic increases, the sampling period (wait for effect) time required to measure the degree of air pollution and perform the next control becomes shorter. Loss of balance in the tunnel can be quickly corrected, and unnecessary driving can be prevented.

(2) If the exhaust volume is increased while the ventilation volume due to the blower and the piston action of the vehicle is balanced, the wind speed inside the tunnel will increase and the condition will change quickly.
The sampling period is shortened, information for controlling fb+ can be obtained when IP < 41E, and stable control is possible.

(3) Contrary to the above, when the exhaust volume is reduced, the wind speed in the tunnel is reduced, and the movement of contaminated air is also slowed down, so the sampling period becomes longer, and the hunting phenomenon in the control system can be prevented.

FIG. 5 is an embodiment of the 4-air control device of the present invention.

The computer 31 is a measurement box 82 of the 81% smoke two-blade transmittance meters 8 and 9 for positioning the vehicle 11@j number counter 13.

Import S3. Furthermore, the computer 31 takes in various input data and setting data via the operator console. The computer 31 performs calculation processing as shown in FIG. 6 based on the above various inputs. Outputs operation commands and stop commands according to the results of calculation processing.

The motor control panel 32 receives driving instructions from the computer 31,
Based on the stop command, the electric motor for exhaust air is controlled and the electric motors of blowers 2 to 3 and 5 to 7 are controlled. Further, the computer 31 sends an answer signal to notify that the signal from the computer 31 has been received. [In ≧j, the command signal to the electric motor of the blower 1 is A1, and the command signal to the electric motors of the blowers 2 to 7 is 13=G.

Next, calculation processing by the computer 31 will be explained with reference to FIG. First, in step 21, an instruction is given from the operator's console to set the tolerance of the contaminated areas of the two central tunnel locations.

In step 22, this value is regarded as the control target value, and in step 24, this value is compared with the deviation value. Here, the deviation value is the difference between the amount of contamination in the tunnel by the 41j regulators 8 and 9 (step 40
) is said.

Next, in step 27, the required ventilation ffi Q! is determined based on the comparison result obtained in step 24 and the traffic scene inside the tunnel QT determined in step 25. ! 'Calculate to '. Based on this calculation result, a blower operation command is issued.

The calculation of the traffic wind QT in step 25 is performed based on the number of vehicles passing through the tunnel measured by the measuring device 13 (step 42).

In step 28, the air flow rate QI+ determined in step 27 and the traffic 1i amount Q? determined in step 25 are determined. The sampling period is calculated based on the exhaust IQ determined in step 26. The sampling period t at this time is as follows.

Here, K is a constant.

The sampling period t determined based on this calculation is step 2
4 and is used for comparison timing.

Note that the displacement QΣ in step 26 is calculated using equation (i), and the air flow rate Qs in step 27 is calculated using (5).
The calculation of the passing air volume Q in step 25 is performed using the equation (6).

The exhaust gas Qt calculated in step 26 is
It becomes a command. Since the exhaust fan 1 is driven by an electric motor, the electric motor is controlled to obtain this displacement.

According to this embodiment, since the sampling time is calculated based on the air flow rate Q, the passing air volume QT, and the exhaust volume, it is possible to set the sampling period according to the tunnel condition. . Furthermore, the three functions mentioned above can also be achieved.

In the first embodiment, the motor control panel 32 is set to answer back (41'S configuration to send No. i to the computer 31).
The computer 31 uses a timeout format to determine whether or not there is a response, without using this answerback signal.
may be configured.

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to the present invention, since the sampling period is automatically changed according to the situation inside the tunnel, ventilation control inside the tunnel can be appropriately executed.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a diagram showing an example of tunnel ventilation equipment that is the object of the present invention, Figs. 2, 3, and 4 are various characteristic diagrams of contamination inside a tunnel, and Fig. 5 is a diagram showing an example of tunnel ventilation equipment according to the present invention. FIG. 6, which is an embodiment of the control device, is a processing flowchart thereof. 11 --- ・-1, rihe n, -, hlto, 1...
・Exhaust fan, 2-7...Blower, 8,9...4,1■
Fog transmittance meter, 10, 11.12...passing vehicle, 13.
...Vehicle number counter, 31...Computer, 32.
...Electric motor control panel. Agent Patent Attorney Masami Akimoto 1 Figure 13 120 Tei 3rd Eye 6 Wandering Wind Low Suzusen

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In tunnel ventilation equipment equipped with an exhaust hole provided in the center of the tunnel, an exhaust fan installed in the exhaust hole, and a blower that blows air parallel to the road from both entrances of the tunnel to the central exhaust hole, The amount of ventilation in the tunnel QT caused by the two-way traffic ratio of vehicles passing through the tunnel, the amount of air flow QII of the blower K19 that acts against this ventilation + QT, and the exhaust air MI exhausted from the exhaust hole to the outside of the tunnel by an exhaust fan. Q
, means for operating the blower in accordance with the air blowing amount Qs, means for operating the blower by capturing the air exhaust amount QxK, and sampling set to measure the operating effect of the blower t-i. A tunnel ventilation control device comprising: means for calculating the period t according to the following formula; and means for measuring the operating effect of a blower based on the calculated sampling period.