JP2003072358A - Ventilator for rolling stock - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce discomfort given to passengers. SOLUTION: The gradient of pressure fluctuation of air capable of flowing air ducts 2 and 4 connecting a car inside to a car outside is found and, when the gradient is a set value or more, the both of the resistance of the duct 2 taking the car outside air to the car inside and the resistance of the duct 4 exhausting the car inside air to the car outside are reduced by dampers 6 and 7. This constitution can reduce the resistances of the ducts 2 and 4 connecting the car inside to the car outside by the gradient of the pressure fluctuation and prevent the enlargement of the gradient of pressure fluctuation in the car so as to prevent the passengers in the car from feeling discomfort.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [0001] TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a vehicle ventilation system.
Cars that are particularly suitable for vehicles involved in tunnels at high speeds
For both ventilation systems. [0002] 2. Description of the Related Art In vehicles, that is, railway vehicles, high speed
Between the vehicle and the tunnel when passing through the tunnel at
A sudden pressure change occurs. Therefore, the pressure fluctuation
Problems that are transmitted to the vehicle and cause discomfort to passengers.
Was. So, as a solution to this problem,
Has the characteristic that the air volume change is small with respect to the pressure change ratio
Air supply and exhaust systems using blowers provide a
Ventilation system that takes air into the vehicle and exhausts contaminated air from the vehicle
Is known. In addition, it is related as this kind of device.
For example, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 53-28166 discloses the above.
Can be [0003] SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The rate of change of the outside pressure
Even if a blower with little change in air volume is used,
Operation at a constant capacity, the gradient of pressure fluctuations is
If it is, it cannot be handled. Sand
The discomfort to passengers in the car depends on the absolute value of the pressure inside the car.
It is determined by the gradient of the pressure fluctuation in the vehicle. [0004] It is an object of the present invention to reduce discomfort to passengers.
To reduce. [0005] According to the present invention, air outside a vehicle is removed.
An air supply device to take in the vehicle and exhaust air inside the vehicle to the outside
An exhaust device, comprising:
An air supply damper installed in the air supply duct of the air supply device;
Exhaust damper installed in the exhaust duct of the exhaust system and the pressure outside the vehicle
A pressure detector for detecting force and a detection value of the pressure detector are input.
To obtain the pressure fluctuation of the detected value, and set the gradient of the fluctuation.
If the value is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, the air supply damper and the exhaust
And a controller that gives a command to shut off the air damper.
It is characterized by comprising a ventilation device. According to this configuration, a pressure fluctuation gradient is set.
If the value is higher than the specified value, connect the inside and outside of the car by
Closes the duct, causing discomfort to passengers in the car
It is something that does not live. [0007] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG.
This will be explained. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes air outside the vehicle.
This is an air supply device that is equivalent to the air supply means that takes in air.
Use a blower with a small change in air flow with respect to the fluctuation rate.
You. Also, the blower changes its blowing characteristics by changing its rotation speed.
It can be changed by doing so. 2 is an air supply device 1
Distributes the air taken into the vehicle
Air supply duct for air supply. In addition, this air supply duct
Before supplying air outside the vehicle, the air conditioner
It is common to cool or heat air, where
Are not shown and described. [0008] Reference numeral 3 denotes exhaust gas for discharging polluted air inside the vehicle to the outside of the vehicle.
This is an exhaust device that is equivalent to a means.
The change in air volume is small with respect to the rate of power fluctuation, and
A blower that can change the air blowing characteristics by changing the number of turns is used.
ing. 4 is for guiding the polluted air in the vehicle to the exhaust device 3
It is an exhaust duct. Reference numeral 5 denotes an outside of the vehicle body for detecting pressure outside the vehicle.
This is an external pressure detector provided on the side. 6 is an air supply device 1
Air supply damper (air supply damper) provided on the air inflow side
The flow path resistance of the air inflow path (air supply duct) to the air supply device 1
It is to change the resistance. 7 is an air flow of the exhaust device 2
The exhaust side damper (exhaust side damper) provided on the inlet side
Changes the flow resistance of the air inflow path (exhaust duct) to the ventilation device 3.
It is for obtaining. Reference numeral 8 denotes a detection result (detection value) of the vehicle external pressure detector 5
Supply device 1, exhaust device 3, supply side dam
Command for operating the motor 6 and the exhaust side damper 7
Is a controller that pays out and outputs to each device. In addition,
The operation of the controller 8 will be described in detail below. FIG. 2 is used for an air supply device 1 and an exhaust device 2.
The blowing characteristics of the blower are shown.
5 is a graph in which Q and pressure P are applied to the vertical axis. P in the figure₁−
Q₁, P _Two−Q_Two, P_Three−Q_ThreeChanges the rotation speed of the blower
7 is a curve showing each characteristic when the air blowing characteristics are changed.
Also, R₁, R_Two, R_ThreeIs the supply side damper 6 and the exhaust side damper.
When the flow path resistance is changed stepwise by operating the damper 7
It is a curve which shows an anti-characteristic. FIG. 3 shows that the vehicle travels in a tunnel at a high speed.
Showing an example of the outside pressure Pout and the inside pressure Pin in the case shown in FIG.
It is. FIG. 4 shows the absolute Px of the fluctuation of the outside pressure on the horizontal axis.
Take the fluctuation gradient dp / dt of the outside pressure on the vertical axis,
It shows an uncomfortable area D where the customer feels uncomfortable. The aforementioned
As described above, the discomfort given to the passenger is the absolute value Px of the pressure fluctuation.
Is not determined only by the influence of the fluctuation gradient dp / dt
The discomfort area D in FIG. 4 (the area indicated by hatching in FIG. 4)
Empirically what happens when the state is equivalent to
I know it. In the configuration described above, the operation is explained.
I will tell. The car runs at high speed and enters the tunnel,
When the external pressure Pout changes as shown in FIG.
External pressure detector 5 detects the external pressure that changes every moment
Then, the detection result is input to the controller 8 as a control input.
The controller 8 calculates the result of the detection, and calculates
The absolute value of the pressure fluctuation dp / dt and the pressure fluctuation Px.
I will. Then, the fluctuation gradient dp / dt and the absolute value P
x Blower characteristics and air supply side of the blower corresponding to Table 1 below
The resistance characteristics of the damper 6 and the exhaust-side damper 7 are selected.
The control command corresponding to each selected characteristic is supplied to the air supply device 1,
Exhaust device 3, supply side damper 6, and exhaust side damper 7
To control the operation. Pressure fluctuation gradient dp / d
t (mm / Aq) is set to 10, 20, 30, 40 as the set value.
The supply side damper 6 and the exhaust side damper 7
Channel resistance R corresponding to distribution dp / dt₁, R_Two, R_Three Control
I do. As the fluctuation gradient dp / dt increases, the flow path resistance increases.
Reduce anti-R. The absolute value of the pressure Px (mmAq) is 10
0, 200, 300, and 400 are set as the set values.
The device 1 and the exhaust device 3 are blown according to the absolute value Px.
Sex P_Three−Q_Three, P_Two−Q_Two, P₁−Q₁To control. Absolute pressure
As the logarithmic value Px increases, the blowing characteristics PQ are improved.
Let [0015] [Table 1] For example, the external pressure varies as shown in FIG.
, Pmax occurs rapidly, and its absolute value Px and
The fluctuation gradient dp / dt also becomes a large value.
Blowing characteristics P₁−Q₁And the supply side damper 6 and
The resistance characteristic of the exhaust side damper 7 is represented by R_Three Control command
Device 8 is an air supply device 1, an exhaust device 3, an air supply side damper 6, and
This is given to the exhaust side damper 7. Thus, the air supply device 1 and the exhaust device
3 has improved ventilation characteristics, and is therefore resistant to fluctuations in pressure outside the vehicle.
That can reduce the change in the amount of air flowing and reduce the pressure fluctuation inside the vehicle
It is. For example, in FIG._Two−Q_TwoAt pressure
Change in air volume when force Pa changes to pressure Pb
The air volume is Qa_TwoFrom air volume Qb_TwoTo the characteristic P
₁−Q₁Is changed from pressure Pa to pressure Pb
The change in the air flow is the air flow Qa₁From air volume Qb₁And that wind
The rate of change is small. On the other hand, the supply side damper 6 and the exhaust side damper
7, the resistance characteristic R_ThreeAs the most open state in
Minimize flow resistance. Thereby, the air supply device 1 and the
And the air volume of the exhaust device 3 increases to the maximum. Accordingly
Therefore, even if the external pressure fluctuates rapidly, air supply and
Due to the increase in the amount of exhaust air,
As a result, the rate of increase / decrease
The effect on fluctuation can be reduced. As shown in Table 1, the external pressure fluctuation gradient d
p / dt is the maximum limit value (referred to as a set value; in Table 1, it is 40 mm).
Aq / sec. ) Greater than (exceeding
) And the absolute value Px of the pressure fluctuation
If the value is larger than (fixed value: 400) (exceeds),
Close the supply side damper 6 and exhaust side damper 7 respectively.
You. This mechanically shuts off external pressure fluctuations.
You. As described above, the vehicle is caused by the pressure fluctuation gradient.
The duct connecting the inside and outside of the vehicle is closed, so the pressure inside the vehicle
Discomfort to passengers in the car, because the gradient of fluctuation does not increase
Does not occur. Also, find the pressure,
Since the duct is closed when the absolute value is greater than the set value,
In any case, do not cause discomfort to passengers in the car
It is. The fluctuation gradient dp / dt of the pressure outside the vehicle is at a maximum.
Value and the absolute value of pressure fluctuation Px is maximum
Limit value (set value. In Table 1, 400 mmAq
You. ) Is less frequent and shorter
In order to recover, even if the air flow path is shut off as described above,
There is no problem in securing ventilation. According to such a configuration, the fluctuation of the pressure outside the vehicle
The gradient dp / dt and the absolute value Px of the vehicle body pressure fluctuation are always
Check and when these values reach the value corresponding to the discomfort area D
At this point, the air supply device 1, the exhaust device 3, and the
Operating the air supply side damper 6 and the exhaust side damper 7
This minimizes fluctuations in vehicle interior pressure
You. The absolute value of the pressure fluctuation outside the vehicle increases.
When compared to the one that completely shuts off the air flow path,
While ventilating to the maximum limit,
It can suppress the sound and reduce the fluctuation of the pressure inside the vehicle. Accordingly
Therefore, problems such as insufficient ventilation do not occur. Further, the fluctuation gradient dp / d of the pressure fluctuation outside the vehicle
t, and based on this, change the ventilation and resistance characteristics.
Control, which allows for fine-grained control and
I can improve it. [0025] According to the present invention, the pressure fluctuation gradient is set.
If the value is greater than or equal to the
Event, causing discomfort to passengers in the car
It is something that will not be done.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of a vehicle schematically showing an embodiment of a vehicle ventilation device according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a graph showing air blowing characteristics of a blower in the air supply device and the exhaust device of FIG. FIG. 3 is a graph showing a pressure variation outside the vehicle when the vehicle is running. FIG. 4 is a graph showing a passenger discomfort area with respect to a fluctuation gradient and an absolute value of a pressure fluctuation. [Description of Signs] 1 Air supply device 3 Exhaust device 5 Vehicle external pressure detector 6 Air supply side damper 7 Exhaust side damper

Claims (1)

Claims: 1. An air supply device for taking air outside a vehicle into the vehicle,
An exhaust device for discharging air in the vehicle to the outside of the vehicle, comprising: an air supply damper installed in an air supply duct of the air supply device; an exhaust damper installed in an exhaust duct of the exhaust device; A pressure detector for detecting the pressure of the pressure sensor, and a variation in the pressure of the detected value is obtained by inputting a detection value of the pressure detector. When the gradient of the variation is equal to or higher than a set value, the air supply damper and the exhaust gas are exhausted. A controller for giving a command to shut off the damper, and a vehicle ventilation system.