JPH0516802A - Ventilation device for rolling stock - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent a chance in air pressure on a vehicle body surface from being transmitted to the inside of a cabin by moving movable members which can change the opening areas of an air intake port and an exhaust port or a projection amount from the vehicle body based on detected signals such as ventilation amount, and cabin pressure to control the ventilation amount and cabin pressure and so on. CONSTITUTION:The outside air is taken into a cabin A through an air intake port, provided with a movable member 1a, and the air in the cabin A is discharged to the outside of the vehicle through an exhaust port provided with a movable member 1b. Moreover, ventilation amount and cabin pressure and so on are detected, the detected signals are sent to the controller 3 of control devices 2-5 to move the respective movable members 1a, 1b, and the opening areas of the air intake port and the exhaust port, or the protruding amount from the vehicle body are changed to control ventilation amount, cabin pressure and so on. It is thus possible to prevent a change in air pressure on the vehicle body surface from being transmitted to the inside of the cabin A.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a railcar ventilation device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventional ventilation systems for railway vehicles change the air inside the cabin by natural ventilation or increase the airtightness of the cabin while installing a ventilation fan and driving the ventilation fan to fix the outside air. Ventilation air intake → Inside the cabin → Exhaust from the exhaust port to the outside of the vehicle by forced ventilation. 16 (a) and 16 (b) show forced ventilation and semi-forced ventilation, and (e) and (f) of FIG. 16 show natural ventilation.

[0003]

The conventional railway vehicle ventilation device has the following problems. That is, when a railway vehicle moves at high speed in the atmosphere, the air pressure on the surface of the vehicle body fluctuates from moment to moment. Especially when a train running at a high speed enters a tunnel, the air pressure on the surface of the vehicle body fluctuates rapidly.
This pressure fluctuation is transmitted to the cabin and makes passengers uncomfortable.

The degree increases as the speed of the railway vehicle increases. As a countermeasure against this, it is conceivable to close the air intake and exhaust ports during the operation period, but it is not possible to ensure the airtightness of the railway vehicle, and 100% transmission of pressure fluctuations into the cabin is possible. I can't shut it down. Also, the inside of the cabin cannot be ventilated while the air intake and the exhaust are closed.

It is also possible to install a ventilation fan capable of maintaining a constant air flow rate regardless of pressure fluctuations. In this case, however, the higher the traveling speed of the railway vehicle,
Since it is necessary to install a large ventilation fan, there is a problem that power consumption and vehicle weight increase. The present invention is proposed in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to open a vehicle body surface without opening or closing an air inlet and an exhaust port or installing a large ventilation fan. It is possible to prevent air pressure fluctuations from being transmitted to the cabin. Another object of the present invention is to provide a railcar ventilation device that can reduce the resistance of the air intake and exhaust systems.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a movable member for varying the opening area of the air intake port and the exhaust port or the protrusion amount from the vehicle body, the ventilation amount, the cabin pressure. And a control device for controlling the ventilation amount, the cabin pressure and the like by moving the movable member through an actuator based on a detection signal such as to change the opening area or the protrusion amount.

Further, according to the present invention, the introduction and derivation portions of the air intake port and the exhaust port are made variable, the traveling direction of the railway vehicle is reversed, and the ventilation port until then is the air intake port, and the air intake port is the exhaust port. In addition, the actuator is equipped with an actuator that moves the inlet wall on the air intake side in a direction to narrow it and the outlet part on the exhaust port side to expand in a different direction.

[0008]

The ventilation device for a railway vehicle according to the present invention is configured as described above, and when the railway vehicle is traveling, the outside air is sent into the cabin through the air inlet having the movable member, and the air in the cabin is moved to the movable member. The air is exhausted to the outside of the vehicle through the exhaust port that has a vent, and the inside of the cabin is ventilated, while the ventilation volume, the cabin pressure, etc. are detected, and the detection signal obtained at that time is sent to the controller of the control device, and the above-mentioned Move the movable member,
The ventilation amount, the cabin pressure, etc. are controlled by changing the opening area of the air intake port and the exhaust port or the protrusion amount from the vehicle body.

Further, the traveling direction of the vehicle is reversed so that the exhaust port up to that point is the air intake port, the air intake port is the exhaust port,
When each changes, activate the actuator,
The inlet wall flow passage cross-sectional area on the air intake side is moved in the decreasing direction, and the outlet passage flow passage cross-sectional area on the exhaust port side is moved in the increasing direction to reduce the resistance of the air intake system and the exhaust system.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, a railcar ventilation device of the present invention will be described with reference to a first embodiment shown in FIG. 1. In the first embodiment, the ventilation amount, the cabin pressure, etc. are controlled, and 1a is air. Movable member of the air intake whose intake is formed by the vehicle body outer plate 12 and movable member 1a ₁ , 1b _{1 of} the exhaust port whose air outlet is formed by the vehicle body outer plate 12 swing these movable members 1a, 1b. The central axis of movement, 2 and 2 are actuators (fluid pressure cylinders) of the movable members 1a and 1b, 3 is a controller of each actuator 2, 6 is a total heat exchanger, and the total heat exchanger 6 is an air conditioner. It is arranged in an air passage extending from the air intake port and the exhaust port into the vehicle for the purpose of reducing the ventilation load.

Reference numeral 4 denotes an intake air flow rate sensor, and the intake air flow rate sensor 4 is arranged in an air passage extending from the air intake port and the exhaust port into the vehicle. Reference numeral 5 denotes a cabin pressure sensor, the cabin pressure sensor 5 is installed in the cabin A, and the cabin pressure sensor 5 and the intake air flow rate sensor 4 are connected to the controller 3.

A flow passage switching valve 7 is installed in the air passage extending from the air intake port and the exhaust port into the vehicle. Further, 9 and 9 are air inlets for the cabin, and 10 are air outlets for the conditioned air, and the flow path switching valve 7 is provided.
Is operated to connect the cabin air intake port 9 to the exhaust port and the conditioned air outlet port 10 to the air intake port, respectively. 8 is an evaporator installed in the conditioned air outlet 10, 11 is an evaporator fan installed in the conditioned air outlet 10, 12 is a vehicle body outer plate, and 13 is a bottom plate of the air intake and exhaust ports.

Next, the operation of the railcar ventilation device shown in FIG. 1 will be specifically described. When the railway vehicle is traveling, the outside air B is sent into the cabin A through the air intake on the movable member 1a side → the residual heat exchanger 6 → the flow path switching valve 7 → the air conditioning air outlet 10. In addition, the air in the cabin A is sucked into the cabin air inlet 9 →
The total heat exchanger 6 is exhausted to the outside of the vehicle through the exhaust port on the movable member 1b side to ventilate the inside of the cabin A, while the detection signal detected by the intake air flow rate sensor 4 and the cabin pressure sensor 5 is sent to the controller 3. The deviation of detection signals from the respective sensors 4 and 5 is calculated, and each actuator 2 is operated based on the result to swing the movable member 1a of the air intake port and the movable member 1b of the exhaust port. By swinging around 1a ₁ and 1b ₁ in the direction of the arrow, while maintaining the required ventilation, the Cabin A
Keep the pressure inside so that it does not fluctuate significantly.

At this time, the air intake port becomes larger as the amount of protrusion of the movable member (vane) 1a from the vehicle body increases.
The intake amount of outside air increases, and the ram pressure corresponding to the traveling speed is obtained. The exhaust pressure of the exhaust port decreases as the amount of protrusion of the movable member (vane) 1b from the vehicle body increases.
Therefore, the difference between the ram pressure and the exhaust pressure can be adjusted by increasing or decreasing the protruding amount of the movable members 1a and 1b.

The ventilation amount is determined by a balance between the intake area, the difference between the ram pressure and the exhaust pressure, and the total pressure loss of the in-vehicle ventilation system. Further, by adjusting the protrusion amount of the movable members 1a and 1b with respect to the fluctuation of the external atmospheric pressure, the total exhaust amount is kept in balance, and the pressure in the cabin A is held so as not to largely change. FIG. 2 shows the flow of air when the flow direction switching valve 7 is switched because the traveling direction of the railway vehicle is reversed, and in this case, the movable member 1a side serves as an exhaust port and is movable. The member 1b side serves as an air intake.

3 to 5 show a second embodiment. In the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, the traveling direction of the vehicle is reversed, and the exhaust port up to that point is the air intake port,
When the air intake port is changed to the exhaust port, the actuator is actuated to move the movable member on the air intake port side in the direction of decreasing the opening area, and the air intake port is moved to the NACA of FIG.
While changing the shape of the submerged intake (NACA submerged intake developed by NASA's predecessor NACA), the movable member on the exhaust port side was moved in the direction of increasing the opening area, and the exhaust port was changed to the parallel submerged intake shown in FIG. Therefore, it is intended to reduce the resistance of the air intake system and the exhaust system.

The NACA submerged intake is
As shown in FIGS. 8A to 8E, the components of the air intake port (and the exhaust port) are prevented from protruding from the air flow surface (vehicle body outer plate 12), while the plane shape of the air intake port is rearward. As it gets wider, it creates a vortex in the corner of the air intake,
The air outside the boundary layer is taken in by this vortex. Incidentally, (f) of FIG. 8 shows an air intake port (and an exhaust port) of a type in which constituent members of the air intake port (and an exhaust port) jump out from the vehicle body outer plate (airflow surface) 12.

In the second embodiment shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, 12a is an opening formed in the vehicle body outer plate 12 (air intake and exhaust openings), and 14a (and 14b) is the same opening. A horizontal swing center shaft 14a ₁ (and 14b in 12a)
₁ ) is a pair of movable members mounted so as to be capable of swinging in the vertical direction, 2 is a movable member 14a (and 14b) of the same movable in the vertical direction around the swing center shaft 14a ₁ (and 14b ₁ ). An actuator 13 for swinging is the bottom of the air intake (and exhaust).

In the second embodiment, when the traveling direction of the vehicle is reversed as described above and the exhaust port up to that point is changed to the air intake port and the air intake port is changed to the exhaust port, respectively. , The actuator 15 is actuated to move the movable member on the air intake side, for example, 14a in the direction of decreasing the opening area,
The shape of the air intake is changed to the NACA submerged intake shown in FIG.
By moving b in the direction of increasing the opening area and changing the shape of the exhaust port to the parallel submerged intake shown in FIG. 7, the resistance of the air intake system and the exhaust system is reduced.

9, 10 and 11 show a third embodiment. The third embodiment is also intended to reduce the resistance of the air intake system and the exhaust system, and the traveling direction of the vehicle is reversed, and the exhaust port up to that point is the air intake port, and the air intake port is the air intake port. To the exhaust port, the actuator (motor) 15 'is actuated to move the movable member on the air intake side, for example, 14a, in the direction of decreasing the opening area so that the air intake port is changed to the NACA submerged intake shown in FIG. (See the solid line in FIG. 10), the movable member on the exhaust port side, for example, 14b, is moved in the direction of increasing the opening area, and the exhaust port is changed into the parallel submerged intake shown in FIG. 7 (see the broken line in FIG. 10). ), Reduce the resistance of the air intake system and the exhaust system.

12 and 13 show a fourth embodiment. The fourth embodiment is also intended to reduce the resistance of the air intake system and the exhaust system. However, in the second and third embodiments, the movable members 14a and 14b are arranged inside the vehicle body outer plate 12, but in the fourth embodiment, the movable members 14a and 14b are arranged.
4b is arranged outside the vehicle body outer plate 12, while a part 12 'of the vehicle body outer plate 12 is projected so that the streamlines of the movable members 14a and 14b coincide with each other. Also in this embodiment, the same operation as described above is performed.

14 and 15 show a fifth embodiment. In the fifth embodiment, the differential user section and the air intake section are operated integrally. Also in the fifth embodiment, the same operation as described above is performed.

[0023]

As described above, the railcar ventilation device of the present invention sends outside air into the cabin through the air inlet having the movable member and exhausts the air in the cabin with the movable member while the railway vehicle is running. The air is exhausted to the outside of the vehicle through the mouth and the inside of the cabin is ventilated, while the ventilation volume, the cabin pressure, etc. are detected, and the detection signals obtained at that time are sent to the controller of the control device, and the above movable members are connected via the actuator. The ventilation area, the cabin pressure, etc. are controlled by changing the opening area of the air intake port and the exhaust port or the protruding amount from the vehicle body, so that the air intake port and the exhaust port can be controlled like the conventional ventilation system for railway vehicles. The effect is that air pressure fluctuations on the vehicle body surface can be prevented from being transmitted to the cabin without opening and closing the vehicle or installing a large ventilation fan.

Further, in the railcar ventilation device of the present invention, the traveling direction of the vehicle is reversed as described above, and the exhaust port so far is changed to the air intake port, and the air intake port is changed to the exhaust port. At this time, the actuator is operated to move the movable member on the air intake side in the direction of decreasing the opening area, and the movable member on the exhaust port side in the direction of increasing the opening area, so that the resistance of the air intake system and the exhaust system is reduced. There is an effect that can be reduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a system diagram showing a first embodiment of a railway vehicle ventilation device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the flow of intake air and exhaust air when the running direction is a leg in the railcar ventilation device of the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a vertical side view showing a second embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a second embodiment.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view of the operation of the second embodiment.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory view of the operation of the second embodiment.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing various intakes.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of a NACA submerged intake.

FIG. 9 is a vertical side view showing a third embodiment.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory view of the operation of the third embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a vertical sectional front view of the third embodiment.

FIG. 12 is a vertical sectional side view of a fourth embodiment.

FIG. 13 is a perspective view of a fourth embodiment.

FIG. 14 is a vertical sectional side view of the fifth embodiment.

FIG. 15 is an explanatory view of the operation of the fifth embodiment.

16 (a) to (d) are explanatory views showing conventional forced ventilation and semi-forced ventilation, and (e) and (f) are explanatory diagrams showing conventional natural ventilation.

[Explanation of symbols]

1a, 1b Rip parts movable members 2 to 5 for air intake and exhaust ports Control device 2 Actuator (fluid pressure cylinder) 2'Actuator (motor) 3 Controller 4 Intake air flow rate sensor 5 Cabin pressure sensor 9 Cabin air suction port 10 Air-Conditioning Air Outlets 14a, 14b Movable Member of Air Intake and Exhaust Ports 15 Actuator (Fluid Pressure Cylinder) 15 'Actuator (Motor) A Cabin B Outside Air

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    (72) Inventor Yukihiko Nakata             Mitsubishi Heavy, 10 Oemachi, Minato-ku, Nagoya-shi, Aichi             Industrial Co., Ltd. Nagoya Aerospace System Production             In-house (72) Inventor Kazuhiro Igarashi             6-19-3-306 Yatsu, Narashino City, Chiba Prefecture (72) Inventor Shiro Hosaka             1-4-2-208 Motoamuma, Suginami-ku, Tokyo

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A movable member for varying an opening area of an air intake port and an exhaust port or a protruding amount from a vehicle body, and a ventilation amount,
A railroad characterized by comprising a control device for controlling the ventilation amount, the cabin pressure, etc. by changing the opening area or the projecting amount by moving the movable member via an actuator based on a detection signal of the cabin pressure, etc. Ventilation system for vehicles. 2. The air intake and exhaust inlet / outlet parts are made variable, the traveling direction of the railway vehicle is reversed, and the ventilation port up to that point is the air intake, the air intake is the exhaust port, respectively. 2. The ventilation device for a railway vehicle according to claim 1, further comprising an actuator that moves the introduction wall on the air intake side in a direction to narrow it and changes the introduction part on the exhaust port side to expand in the case of a change.