JP2600532B2 - Tunnel ventilation control device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a tunnel ventilation control device, and more particularly to a control mechanism for a ventilator.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIGS. 5 and 6 show a conventional tunnel ventilation control device disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 52-28500. FIG. FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of the present device. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a tunnel and in traffic I _i along the road leading to the tunnel automobile disposed at a predetermined interval and its velocity V _i
Is a first measuring device that detects traffic, uses a traffic counter, a loop type, an ultrasonic type, a radar type speedometer, and the like. Reference numeral 2 denotes a second measuring device for detecting a harmful gas concentration in each section of the tunnel separated by a predetermined distance. Specifically, for example, a CO concentration C is measured using a CO concentration meter.
O _i, detects the transparency VI _i using fluoroscopic meter (VI meter).

[0003] 3 a section density of the tunnel in each of the intervals in the measurement time by measurements were determined at appropriate time intervals by the first measuring device 1 (for example, every 4 seconds) I _i, the V _i to the data processing An arithmetic unit for estimating the spatial average speed is processed by the data obtained by the arithmetic unit 3 to obtain an average traffic volume and an average speed from a measurement time to a predetermined time (for example, 10 minutes). The exhaust gas amount calculating device 5 for estimating and calculating the amount of exhaust gas W _i discharged into the section during this time, and the measurement values CO _i , VI _i by the second measuring device 2
This is a measurement value processing device that removes noise components from the data and outputs true values CO _i ′ and VI _i ′.

[0004] 6 is the estimated exhaust gas amount W _i and CO
A ventilation volume computing device that calculates the required ventilation volume within 10 minutes from the measurement from the measured values CO _i ′ and VI _i ′ of the concentration and VI degree, 7 achieves the ventilation volume from the ventilation volume computing device 6 This is a ventilator control device that controls the ventilator 8 in the tunnel to perform the operation.

Next, the operation will be described. Measurements I _i, V _i of the first by measuring apparatus 1 a plurality of which is measured, for example every 4 seconds traffic and Kurumagoto spot passage speed of a section density in the measurement time is processed by the arithmetic unit 3 A spatial average velocity is determined. Next, the data obtained by the arithmetic unit 3 is processed by the exhaust gas amount arithmetic unit 4 and the exhaust gas amount W _i discharged to the section from the measurement time to, for example, 10 minutes later. Is required.

On the other hand, the value CO measured by the second measuring device 2
_i and VI _i are processed by the measurement value processing device 5 to obtain true values CO _i ′ and VI _i ′ from which noise components have been removed. The data W _i , CO _i ′, and VI _i ′ are input to the ventilation calculation device, and the ventilation required within 10 minutes from the time of measurement in order to keep the concentration of contamination in the tunnel at a preset value. Is calculated. Then, the ventilator control device 7 controls the ventilator 8 in such a manner as to find a combination of ventilators that satisfies the required ventilation volume and minimizes the amount of ventilation power (ventilation cost).
Note that a series of operations of the present apparatus is performed according to a software program stored in a microcomputer, but the control of the ventilator 8 is performed in accordance with a predicted cycle (here, 10 minutes) in the exhaust gas amount calculating device 4. Done.

[0007]

In a vertical ventilation type tunnel, the wind speed in the tunnel is greatly affected by fluctuations in traffic volume and vehicle speed in the tunnel. Particularly, in a two-way tunnel, the wind speed in the tunnel may temporarily decrease rapidly due to a change in traffic volume, and the air pollution concentration in the tunnel may rapidly deteriorate. As described above, the conventional tunnel ventilation control device sets and controls the required ventilation volume at regular time intervals as described above, so it cannot follow sudden changes in traffic volume or vehicle speed, and the air pollution concentration in the tunnel temporarily increases. There is a problem that the case may be greatly deteriorated.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems. Tunnel ventilation in which the concentration of air pollution does not suddenly deteriorate even when the traffic volume and the vehicle speed in the tunnel change rapidly. The aim is to obtain a control device.

[0009]

According to the present invention, there is provided a tunnel ventilation control device, wherein a first value is set such that a wind speed in a tunnel is constant with a target value being a wind speed in the tunnel determined from a ventilation amount calculated by the ventilation amount calculation device. The ventilator is controlled so as to follow the measured value of the measuring device.

A third measuring device for detecting the wind direction and wind speed is provided in the tunnel, and the ventilator is controlled based on a deviation between a measured value of the third measuring device and a target value of the wind speed in the tunnel. Things.

[0011]

In the tunnel ventilation control device according to the present invention, when the traffic volume or the vehicle speed in the tunnel changes, the ventilator is controlled according to the change, and the wind speed in the tunnel is kept at the target value. .

[0012]

[Embodiment 1] 1 and 2 show a tunnel ventilation control device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an installation state of each measuring device, and FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the present device. What is different from the conventional one is a ventilator control device 71, which will be mainly described below. In the same manner as in the prior art, the ventilation amount computing device 6 is configured to operate within 10 minutes from the time of measurement based on the exhaust gas amount W _i from the exhaust gas amount computing device 4 and the CO _i ′ and VI _i ′ from the measurement value processing device 5. Calculate the required ventilation volume. The ventilator control device 71 first obtains a target value WV ^{* of the} wind speed in the tunnel by dividing the required ventilation amount by the cross-sectional area of the tunnel. The ventilator control device 71 controls the ventilator 8 in accordance with the section density and the spatial average speed at the measurement time from the arithmetic unit 3 in order to keep the wind speed in the tunnel at the target value WV ^*. Hereinafter, this operation will be described in detail.

[0013] Now, calculated from the interval density sought large vehicles and computing device current time of the number of small vehicles 3 in the interval AB which is in the tunnel, and N _l, N _s respectively, spatial average velocity of the current time Is V. Also, large vehicle, a vehicle equivalent cross-sectional area of the small car A _l, A _s If the value of the boost force P _t by the vehicle called traffic ventilation force is known to be determined by the following equation of these values as variables. For example,
Refer to "Tunnel Technical Standards (Ventilation), same commentary" issued by Japan Road Association in 1985. _{P t = P t (N l} , N s, A l, A s, V, WV *) ... (1)

[0014] Then, if the boosting force of the air volume Q _i of ventilator i and P _i (Q _i), the boost force P _B by all ventilators in the tunnel is represented by equation (2).

[0015]

(Equation 1)

Further, the pressure increasing power based on the atmospheric pressure difference between the two tunnel entrances, which is called natural ventilation power, is expressed by P _W If the pressure loss due to the wall frictional force of the main tunnel is P _L (P _L <0), Equation (3) holds as the pressure balance equation for the entire tunnel. _{P t + P B + P W} + P L = 0 ... (3)

The ventilator control system 71, (3) obtain the air volume Q _i of ventilator i satisfying the wind speed target value WV obtained the wind speed in the obtained therefrom tunnel from the ventilation calculation unit 6
Determine the air volume of the ventilator i so as to keep ^* . This allows
After setting the required ventilation volume, even if the traffic volume and vehicle speed in the tunnel fluctuate significantly by the next set time, an almost constant wind speed in the tunnel is secured and the air pollution concentration decreases due to the stagnation of the wind speed. The occurrence of the problem of exceeding is eliminated.

Embodiment 2 FIG. 3 and 4 show a tunnel ventilation control device according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Here, in the tunnel, newly a provided third measuring device 9 for detecting the wind speed and direction, measured value processing device the measured value WV _i
10 by the processing of the noise components removed is sent to the ventilator controller 72 as a true value WV _i '. In the ventilator control device 72,
The air volume Q _i of the ventilator i obtained from the above equation (3) is
By finely adjusting the mean sectional wind speed WV and the target wind speed value WV ^* , the wind speed can be more stably maintained at the target value.

As a method of this fine adjustment, the average sectional wind speed WV and the target wind speed W
Based on the deviation ΔWV from V ^* (ΔWV = WV−WV ^* ),
The correction air volume ΔQ _i may be directly obtained by PID calculation or I-PD calculation, and the air flow of the ventilator 8 may be controlled to be increased or decreased accordingly. In addition, PID calculation or IP
The result of performing the D operation is defined as a corrected boosting force ΔP _B ,

[0020]

(Equation 2)

ΔQ _i that satisfies the above condition may be controlled as a correction air volume. In the latter case, the calculation becomes more complicated. However, since the non-linearity between the air volume and the boosting force is taken into account, more stable and reliable control characteristics can be obtained.

[0022]

As described above, according to the present invention, the ventilator is controlled in accordance with the traffic volume and the vehicle speed fluctuation in the tunnel so as to keep the wind speed in the tunnel constant. It is possible to prevent a sudden deterioration of the pollution concentration of the air in the tunnel due to the temporary stagnation of the wind speed due to the fluctuation of the air flow.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an apparatus state of each measurement installation in a tunnel ventilation control apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a tunnel ventilation control device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an installation state of a tunnel ventilation control device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a tunnel ventilation control device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an installation state of each measuring device in a conventional tunnel ventilation control device.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a conventional tunnel ventilation control device.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 the first measuring device 2 second measuring device 4 the exhaust gas quantity calculation unit 6 ventilator calculation unit 71 ventilator controller 8 ventilator 9 third measuring device I _i traffic V _i speed W _i emissions Amount CO _i CO concentration VI _i Transparency (VI value) WV _i Cross-sectional wind speed WV ^* Wind speed target value

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A first measuring device for detecting a traffic volume and a speed of an automobile disposed at a predetermined interval along a tunnel of a longitudinal ventilation type and along a road following the tunnel. A second measuring device for detecting a harmful gas concentration in each section divided by a predetermined distance, and a total exhaust from a measurement value of each section in the tunnel to a time after a lapse of a predetermined time from a measurement value of the first measuring device. An exhaust gas amount calculating device for estimating and calculating a gas amount, which is required from the calculated value of the exhaust gas amount calculating device and the measured value of the second measuring device until the predetermined time has elapsed from the time of the measurement in the tunnel. A ventilation calculator that calculates the amount of ventilation to be performed, and a tunnel ventilation controller that includes a ventilator controller that controls a ventilator in a tunnel to achieve the ventilation by the ventilation calculator. The ventilator control device is configured to follow a measurement value of the first measurement device so that a wind speed in the tunnel is constant with a wind speed in the tunnel determined from the ventilation volume calculated by the ventilation volume calculation device as a target value. A tunnel ventilation control device for controlling a ventilator. 2. A third measuring device for detecting a wind direction and a wind speed is provided in the tunnel, and the ventilator control device is configured to control the ventilator based on a deviation between the measured value of the third measuring device and a target value of the wind speed in the tunnel. The tunnel ventilation control device according to claim 1, wherein the control is performed.