EP0205979A1 - Tunnel ventilating system - Google Patents
Tunnel ventilating system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0205979A1 EP0205979A1 EP86107313A EP86107313A EP0205979A1 EP 0205979 A1 EP0205979 A1 EP 0205979A1 EP 86107313 A EP86107313 A EP 86107313A EP 86107313 A EP86107313 A EP 86107313A EP 0205979 A1 EP0205979 A1 EP 0205979A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- ventilating
- fans
- space
- ventilation
- tunnel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F1/00—Ventilation of mines or tunnels; Distribution of ventilating currents
- E21F1/003—Ventilation of traffic tunnels
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a ventilating system for the enclosed space of various buildings or structures and, more specifically, to a ventilating system for ventilating a tunnel.
- the ventilating system is of the type comprising a plurality of jet fans for causing the air introduced into a tunnel from outside to flow toward one or a plurality of ventilating ducts, a ventilating fan for discharging the air through the ventilating duct or ducts outside the tunnel, and a controller for controlling the jet fans and the ventilating fan according to the flow rate of air required for desired ventilation.
- a tunnel has a structural feature that the length the length thereof is very large as compared with the area of the opposite ends thereof. Therefore, the tunnel requires an adequate ventilation to maintain an environment suitable for passage.
- high-rate ventilation is essential to cause fresh air to circulate through and contaminated air containing the exhaust gas of automotive vehicles to be simultaneously withdrawn from the tunnel and to supply fresh air containing sufficient oxygen for the human bodies and the combustion in the engines of automotive vehicles.
- Fig. 5 illustrates a known tunnel ventilating system for a highway tunnel.
- a tunnel ventilating system is disclosed in Japanese Laid-Open Patent Application Publication No. 52-28500.
- a highway tunnel 2 constructed under the ground 3 and having a roadway 5 communicates with the outside by means of a substantially vertical ventilating shaft 1.
- a plurality of jet fans 6 draw fresh air through the opposite portals into the tunnel 2 and send the fresh air forcibly in the longitudinal direction toward the ventilating shaft 1.
- a ventilating fan 4 is disposed within the ventilating shaft 1 near the outlet of the same to discharge the air in the tunnel 2 forcibly outside the tunnel 2.
- a controller 12 controls the jet fans 6 and the ventilating fan 4 on the basis of signals given thereto by a contamination detecting system for detecting the degree of contamination of the air within the tunnel 2 and a counter for counting the automotive vehicles that go into and come out of the tunnel 2.
- the contamination detecting system comprises haze transmissivity meters 7 (generally designated as "VI meters"), CO sensors 8 which detect the CO concentration of the atmosphere, and wind vane and anemometers 9.
- the controller 12 decides the general degree of air contamination in the tunnel on the basis of data acquired by those measuring instruments and calculates the quantity of fresh air necessary for maintaining the environment of the tunnel in a satisfactory condition.
- An appropriate ventilating system among various ventilating systems is selected by taking the conditions of the tunnel, such as the length, cross-sectional area, gradient and traffic volume of the tunnel, into consideration. Supplying sufficient fresh air to maintain the quality of the air inside the tunnel above the lower limit of a desired level and discharging contaminated air outside the tunnel are essential regardless of the type of the selected tunnel ventilating system, however, from the economic point of view, excessive ventilation is undesirable.
- the number of working jet fans 6 is varied according to the calculated necessary rate of ventilation. That is, all the jet fans are operated when the necessary rate of ventilation is greater than a predetermined value, while the number of the working jet fans is reduced as the necessary rate of ventilation decreases.
- Such a mode of controlling the rate of ventilation through the variation of the number of the operating jet fans causes the rate of ventilation to be changed in steps, and hence the actual rate of ventilation always exceeds the corresponding necessary rate of ventilation between the steps of variation.
- a ventilating system comprises a plurality of jet fans provided within a space to be ventilated to draw fresh air into the space, and a plurality of ventilating fans provided in a ventilating shaft for discharging the air in the space outside the space.
- the jet fans and the ventilating fans are respectively assigned to two subsystems, namely, a first subsystem and a second subsystem.
- the jet fan or fans of the first subsystem and the ventilating fan or fans of the first subsystem are subjected to the on-off control of a controller, while the jet fan or fans and the ventilating fan or fans of the second subsystem are subjected to the continuous control of the controller, in which the respective outputs of the jet fan or fans and the ventilating fan or fans of the second subsystem are varied continuously.
- the controller is capable of calculating the necessary rate of ventilation to establish a standard for controlling the first and second subsystems for desired ventilation, on the basis of data representing the degree of contamination of the air in the space detected by one or some of sensors disposed in the space to be ventilated.
- the sensors for acquiring the data relating to the contamination of air are, by way of example, CO sensors, anemoscopes, anemometers, O2 meters and hygrometers. One or more of those sensors are disposed at appropriate positions in the space to be ventilated. The sensors send detection signals to the controller.
- the space to be ventilated is a highway tunnel
- the controller decides the respective numbers of the working jet fans and the working ventilating fans among those of the first subsystem on the basis of the calculated necessary rate of ventilation.
- the mode of control of the jet fans and the ventilating fans of the first subsystem is on-off control. Accordingly, the selected jet fans and ventilating fans are operated at the respective maximum capacities.
- the number of the jet fans and the ventilating fans of the first subsystem selected for operation by the controller is less than that of the jet fans and the ventilating fans necessary for meeting the desired rate of ventilation.
- the deficiency in the rate of ventilation is compensated by the operation of the jet fans and the ventilating fans of the second subsystem at the respective rates corresponding to the deficiency. Accordingly, the actual rate of ventilation always coincides with the necessary rate of ventilation and thereby the waste of energy attributable to excessive ventilation can be effectively avoided.
- Fig. 1 illustrates a tunnel ventilating system according to the present invention as applied to a highway tunnel 2 constructed through the ground 3 and having a roadway 5.
- the tunnel 2 is connected in the central portion thereof with respect to the length thereof to a vertical ventilating shaft 1.
- Fresh air is drawn through the opposite portals into the tunnel 2 and the air in the tunnel is discharged outside through the ventilating shaft 1 for desired ventilation of the tunnel.
- the ventilating system illustrated in Fig. 1 is so constructed that the fresh air is introduced into the inside of the tunnel through the portals at both ends
- the present invention is applicable to another form of ventilation wherein the fresh air is introduced through one of the portals and then discharged outside through a duct and at the same time the fresh air is introduced through another duct into the tunnel and exhausted through the other portal.
- Fig. 1 For simplification, four jet fans 6a, 6b, 6c and 6d disposed in the tunnel 2 at predetermined intervals and three ventilating fans 4a, 4b and 4c disposed within the ventilating shaft 1 are shown in Fig. 1.
- the ventilation of the tunnel 2 in the above-mentioned mode is carried out by the agency of these jet fans and ventilating fans.
- the two jet fans 6a and 6d and the two jet fans 6b and 6c are assigned to two separate subsystems, respectively.
- the ventilating fan 4a and the ventilating fans 4b and 4c are assigned to two separate subsystems, respectively.
- a controller 12 controls the subsystems individually for the appropriate operation of the jet fans and the ventilating fans according to a necessary rate of ventilation.
- a necessary rate of ventilation is obtained through the known operation of VI value, CO value, wind speed, wind direction and the count of automotive vehicles passed through the tunnel which are detected by sensors 7, 8, 9 and 10 appropriately disposed in the tunnel, by the controller 12.
- Fig. 2 shows the constitution of the controller 12 in detail.
- a measured data processing unit 13 receives measured values measured by the VI meter 7 and the CO sensor 8, and then operates the measured data to determine the degree of air contamination in the tunnel.
- the outputs of the measured data processing unit 13 and the arithmetic unit 14 are given to a control signal generating unit 15 to produce control signals for the individual control of the subsystems comprising the jet fans and the ventilating fans.
- Fig. 3 is a graph typically showing the relation between the number of working jet fans and wind pressure in the tunnel resulting from the operation of those jet fans in a section A between one of the portals of the tunnel and the ventilating shaft 1.
- Pl and P2 are airflow pressures produced by one jet fan and by two jet fans, respectively.
- Pl and P2 are airflow pressures produced by one jet fan and by two jet fans, respectively.
- the required wind pressure in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel is less than Pl
- only one jet fan is operated at a rate corresponding to the required wind pressure.
- the wind pressure varies along an inclined line VP1.
- Pl two jet fans are operated; one of them at its full capacity and the other under variable capacity control.
- the wind pressure varies along a line VP2.
- the actual wind pressure in the tunnel exceeds the required wind pressure and the excessive wind pressure causes wasteful energy consumption. According to the present invention, it is possible to make the actual wind pressure always follow up the required wind pressure. In the highway tunnel, even if the operating condition of the jet fans is fixed, the wind pressure varies due to piston effect produced by automotive vehicles that pass through the highway tunnel at high speed.
- the tunnel ventilating system of the present invention is capable of dealing with the variation of the wind pressure due to such a cause on the basis of measured values of wind direction and wind speed, the highway tunnel is ventilated stably at all times, which is the same with a section B.
- Fig. 4 shows the relation of discharge or exhaust rate to the number of the working ventilating fans.
- a required sicharge rate corresponding to a necessary rate of ventilation is below the maximum discharge rate Ql of one ventilating fan, only the ventilating fan 4a is operated at a discharge rate corresponding to the required discharge rate.
- the required discharge rate is greater than the maximum discharge rate Ql, one or both of the ventilating fans 4b and 4c are additionally operated at the maximum discharge rate to obtain a control characteristic represented by a line VQ.
- the tunnel ventilating system according to the present invention is capable of exactly meeting the necessary rate of ventilation and is also capable of dealing with the variation of the wind pressure attributable to the traffic of automotive vehicles through the tunnel, and hence the tunnel ventilating system according to the present invention is most advantageously applicable to railroad tunnels, subway tunnels and the like in addition to highway tunnels. It is apparent that the tunnel ventilating system according to the present invention is applicable also to all the spaces of buildings and structures that require ventilation.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Ventilation (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- The present invention relates to a ventilating system for the enclosed space of various buildings or structures and, more specifically, to a ventilating system for ventilating a tunnel. The ventilating system is of the type comprising a plurality of jet fans for causing the air introduced into a tunnel from outside to flow toward one or a plurality of ventilating ducts, a ventilating fan for discharging the air through the ventilating duct or ducts outside the tunnel, and a controller for controlling the jet fans and the ventilating fan according to the flow rate of air required for desired ventilation.
- A tunnel has a structural feature that the length the length thereof is very large as compared with the area of the opposite ends thereof. Therefore, the tunnel requires an adequate ventilation to maintain an environment suitable for passage. For a highway tunnel, high-rate ventilation is essential to cause fresh air to circulate through and contaminated air containing the exhaust gas of automotive vehicles to be simultaneously withdrawn from the tunnel and to supply fresh air containing sufficient oxygen for the human bodies and the combustion in the engines of automotive vehicles.
- Fig. 5 illustrates a known tunnel ventilating system for a highway tunnel. Such a tunnel ventilating system is disclosed in Japanese Laid-Open Patent Application Publication No. 52-28500. Referring to Fig. 5, a
highway tunnel 2 constructed under theground 3 and having a roadway 5 communicates with the outside by means of a substantially verticalventilating shaft 1. A plurality ofjet fans 6 draw fresh air through the opposite portals into thetunnel 2 and send the fresh air forcibly in the longitudinal direction toward theventilating shaft 1. A ventilating fan 4 is disposed within theventilating shaft 1 near the outlet of the same to discharge the air in thetunnel 2 forcibly outside thetunnel 2. - A
controller 12 controls thejet fans 6 and the ventilating fan 4 on the basis of signals given thereto by a contamination detecting system for detecting the degree of contamination of the air within thetunnel 2 and a counter for counting the automotive vehicles that go into and come out of thetunnel 2. Typically, the contamination detecting system comprises haze transmissivity meters 7 (generally designated as "VI meters"),CO sensors 8 which detect the CO concentration of the atmosphere, and wind vane andanemometers 9. Thecontroller 12 decides the general degree of air contamination in the tunnel on the basis of data acquired by those measuring instruments and calculates the quantity of fresh air necessary for maintaining the environment of the tunnel in a satisfactory condition. - An appropriate ventilating system among various ventilating systems is selected by taking the conditions of the tunnel, such as the length, cross-sectional area, gradient and traffic volume of the tunnel, into consideration. Supplying sufficient fresh air to maintain the quality of the air inside the tunnel above the lower limit of a desired level and discharging contaminated air outside the tunnel are essential regardless of the type of the selected tunnel ventilating system, however, from the economic point of view, excessive ventilation is undesirable.
- In the above-mentioned prior art tunnel ventilating system, the number of working
jet fans 6 is varied according to the calculated necessary rate of ventilation. That is, all the jet fans are operated when the necessary rate of ventilation is greater than a predetermined value, while the number of the working jet fans is reduced as the necessary rate of ventilation decreases. Such a mode of controlling the rate of ventilation through the variation of the number of the operating jet fans causes the rate of ventilation to be changed in steps, and hence the actual rate of ventilation always exceeds the corresponding necessary rate of ventilation between the steps of variation. - It is an object of the present invention to provide a ventilating system capable of ventilating the internal space of a building or a structure at the least necessary rate of ventilation.
- A ventilating system according to the present invention comprises a plurality of jet fans provided within a space to be ventilated to draw fresh air into the space, and a plurality of ventilating fans provided in a ventilating shaft for discharging the air in the space outside the space. The jet fans and the ventilating fans are respectively assigned to two subsystems, namely, a first subsystem and a second subsystem. The jet fan or fans of the first subsystem and the ventilating fan or fans of the first subsystem are subjected to the on-off control of a controller, while the jet fan or fans and the ventilating fan or fans of the second subsystem are subjected to the continuous control of the controller, in which the respective outputs of the jet fan or fans and the ventilating fan or fans of the second subsystem are varied continuously. The controller is capable of calculating the necessary rate of ventilation to establish a standard for controlling the first and second subsystems for desired ventilation, on the basis of data representing the degree of contamination of the air in the space detected by one or some of sensors disposed in the space to be ventilated.
- The sensors for acquiring the data relating to the contamination of air are, by way of example, CO sensors, anemoscopes, anemometers, O2 meters and hygrometers. One or more of those sensors are disposed at appropriate positions in the space to be ventilated. The sensors send detection signals to the controller. In case that the space to be ventilated is a highway tunnel, it is desirable to provide a counter for counting the number of automotive vehicles that pass the highway tunnel. The count of automotive vehicles that passed in a unit time counted by the counter is effective for the estimation of the necessary rate of ventilation of the highway tunnel.
- The controller decides the respective numbers of the working jet fans and the working ventilating fans among those of the first subsystem on the basis of the calculated necessary rate of ventilation. The mode of control of the jet fans and the ventilating fans of the first subsystem is on-off control. Accordingly, the selected jet fans and ventilating fans are operated at the respective maximum capacities. The number of the jet fans and the ventilating fans of the first subsystem selected for operation by the controller is less than that of the jet fans and the ventilating fans necessary for meeting the desired rate of ventilation. The deficiency in the rate of ventilation is compensated by the operation of the jet fans and the ventilating fans of the second subsystem at the respective rates corresponding to the deficiency. Accordingly, the actual rate of ventilation always coincides with the necessary rate of ventilation and thereby the waste of energy attributable to excessive ventilation can be effectively avoided.
-
- Figure 1 is a schematic illustration of a tunnel ventilating system according to the present invention installed in a highway tunnel;
- Figure 2 is a block diagram showing the constitution of a controller employed in the tunnel ventilating system of Fig. 1;
- Figure 3 is a graph showing the relation between the number of working jet fans and wind pressure;
- Figure 4 is a graph showing the relation between the number of working ventilating fans and the rate of discharge; and
- Figure 5 is a schematic illustration of a conventional tunnel ventilating system installed in a highway tunnel.
- Fig. 1 illustrates a tunnel ventilating system according to the present invention as applied to a
highway tunnel 2 constructed through theground 3 and having a roadway 5. Thetunnel 2 is connected in the central portion thereof with respect to the length thereof to a verticalventilating shaft 1. Fresh air is drawn through the opposite portals into thetunnel 2 and the air in the tunnel is discharged outside through theventilating shaft 1 for desired ventilation of the tunnel. Although the ventilating system illustrated in Fig. 1 is so constructed that the fresh air is introduced into the inside of the tunnel through the portals at both ends, the present invention is applicable to another form of ventilation wherein the fresh air is introduced through one of the portals and then discharged outside through a duct and at the same time the fresh air is introduced through another duct into the tunnel and exhausted through the other portal. - For simplification, four
jet fans tunnel 2 at predetermined intervals and threeventilating fans ventilating shaft 1 are shown in Fig. 1. The ventilation of thetunnel 2 in the above-mentioned mode is carried out by the agency of these jet fans and ventilating fans. As will be described in detail later, the twojet fans jet fans ventilating fan 4a and theventilating fans - A
controller 12 controls the subsystems individually for the appropriate operation of the jet fans and the ventilating fans according to a necessary rate of ventilation. Such a necessary rate of ventilation is obtained through the known operation of VI value, CO value, wind speed, wind direction and the count of automotive vehicles passed through the tunnel which are detected bysensors controller 12. - Fig. 2 shows the constitution of the
controller 12 in detail. A measureddata processing unit 13 receives measured values measured by the VImeter 7 and theCO sensor 8, and then operates the measured data to determine the degree of air contamination in the tunnel. Anarithmetic unit 14, similarly to the measureddata processing unit 13, executes operation to determine the pressure condition of the interior of the tunnel on the basis of measured data provided by the wind vane andanemometer 9 and thevehicle counter 10. The outputs of the measureddata processing unit 13 and thearithmetic unit 14 are given to a controlsignal generating unit 15 to produce control signals for the individual control of the subsystems comprising the jet fans and the ventilating fans. - Fig. 3 is a graph typically showing the relation between the number of working jet fans and wind pressure in the tunnel resulting from the operation of those jet fans in a section A between one of the portals of the tunnel and the
ventilating shaft 1. In Fig. 3, Pl and P2 are airflow pressures produced by one jet fan and by two jet fans, respectively. When necessary rate of ventilation is comparatively small and, hence, the required wind pressure in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel is less than Pl, only one jet fan is operated at a rate corresponding to the required wind pressure. In this state, the wind pressure varies along an inclined line VP1. When the required wind pressure is greater than Pl, two jet fans are operated; one of them at its full capacity and the other under variable capacity control. In this state, the wind pressure varies along a line VP2. If one of the two jet fans or both of the jet fans are operated continuously at full capacity under a condition other than a condition in which the required wind pressure coincides exactly with the wind pressure Pl or P2, respectively, the actual wind pressure in the tunnel exceeds the required wind pressure and the excessive wind pressure causes wasteful energy consumption. According to the present invention, it is possible to make the actual wind pressure always follow up the required wind pressure. In the highway tunnel, even if the operating condition of the jet fans is fixed, the wind pressure varies due to piston effect produced by automotive vehicles that pass through the highway tunnel at high speed. Since the tunnel ventilating system of the present invention is capable of dealing with the variation of the wind pressure due to such a cause on the basis of measured values of wind direction and wind speed, the highway tunnel is ventilated stably at all times, which is the same with a section B. - The ventilating
fans fan 4a is operated at a discharge rate corresponding to the required discharge rate. When the required discharge rate is greater than the maximum discharge rate Ql, one or both of the ventilatingfans - As is apparent from what has been described hereinbefore, the tunnel ventilating system according to the present invention is capable of exactly meeting the necessary rate of ventilation and is also capable of dealing with the variation of the wind pressure attributable to the traffic of automotive vehicles through the tunnel, and hence the tunnel ventilating system according to the present invention is most advantageously applicable to railroad tunnels, subway tunnels and the like in addition to highway tunnels. It is apparent that the tunnel ventilating system according to the present invention is applicable also to all the spaces of buildings and structures that require ventilation.
Claims (4)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP125056/85 | 1985-06-11 | ||
JP12505685A JPS61286500A (en) | 1985-06-11 | 1985-06-11 | Ventilation controller |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0205979A1 true EP0205979A1 (en) | 1986-12-30 |
EP0205979B1 EP0205979B1 (en) | 1988-10-12 |
Family
ID=14900727
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19860107313 Expired EP0205979B1 (en) | 1985-06-11 | 1986-05-30 | Tunnel ventilating system |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0205979B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPS61286500A (en) |
DE (1) | DE3660933D1 (en) |
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0240713A1 (en) * | 1986-04-07 | 1987-10-14 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Controller for tunnel ventilating system |
EP0260624A1 (en) * | 1986-09-16 | 1988-03-23 | Stal Refrigeration Ab | Fresh air supply system for holds in a ship |
WO1991014827A1 (en) * | 1990-03-29 | 1991-10-03 | Airchitect I Söderhamn Ab | Method and installation for air treatment in the area of a traffic route for motor vehicles |
WO2000036275A1 (en) * | 1998-12-11 | 2000-06-22 | Svein Inge Haaland | A ventilation for tunnels and a method for control of same |
US7137775B2 (en) | 2003-03-20 | 2006-11-21 | Huntair Inc. | Fan array fan section in air-handling systems |
NL1030372C2 (en) * | 2005-11-08 | 2007-05-09 | Oranjewoud Ingb Bv | Ventilation system and method for ventilating covered traffic routes. |
US20110275302A1 (en) * | 2008-10-24 | 2011-11-10 | Mosen Limited | Improved tunnel ventilation device |
US8398365B2 (en) | 2003-03-20 | 2013-03-19 | Huntair, Inc. | Modular fan units with sound attenuation layers for an air handling system |
CN108374685A (en) * | 2018-04-03 | 2018-08-07 | 浙江工业大学 | Tunnel shaft air supply system combining natural wind with jet flow type ventilation |
US11255332B2 (en) | 2003-03-20 | 2022-02-22 | Nortek Air Solutions, Llc | Modular fan housing with multiple modular units having sound attenuation for a fan array for an air-handling system |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0823277B2 (en) * | 1988-06-24 | 1996-03-06 | 株式会社三井三池製作所 | Method for controlling ventilation equipment in tunnel during excavation, and control device therefor |
JPH032500A (en) * | 1989-05-30 | 1991-01-08 | Fujita Corp | Operation controller for air blower for ventilation of shaft |
DE10359540A1 (en) * | 2003-12-17 | 2005-07-14 | Tlt-Turbo Gmbh | Device and method for determining the flow velocity |
JP5381277B2 (en) * | 2009-04-23 | 2014-01-08 | オムロン株式会社 | Blower control pattern creation device |
CN115013908B (en) * | 2022-05-23 | 2024-03-12 | 成都市人防建筑设计研究院有限公司 | Natural ventilation structure based on piston effect |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2005424A1 (en) * | 1970-02-06 | 1971-08-26 | Foldiak, Janos L , Dipl Ing , 8000 München | Longitudinally ventilated traffic tunnel with reversible fans in the blowing direction |
FR2358542A1 (en) * | 1976-07-16 | 1978-02-10 | Sofrair | Controlling ventilation of tunnels and galleries - using anemometer for automatic sampling of natural air currents to drive fans in direction requiring least power |
DE3117147A1 (en) * | 1981-04-30 | 1982-11-18 | Daimler-Benz Ag, 7000 Stuttgart | Road tunnel with forced ventilation |
-
1985
- 1985-06-11 JP JP12505685A patent/JPS61286500A/en active Pending
-
1986
- 1986-05-30 DE DE8686107313T patent/DE3660933D1/en not_active Expired
- 1986-05-30 EP EP19860107313 patent/EP0205979B1/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2005424A1 (en) * | 1970-02-06 | 1971-08-26 | Foldiak, Janos L , Dipl Ing , 8000 München | Longitudinally ventilated traffic tunnel with reversible fans in the blowing direction |
FR2358542A1 (en) * | 1976-07-16 | 1978-02-10 | Sofrair | Controlling ventilation of tunnels and galleries - using anemometer for automatic sampling of natural air currents to drive fans in direction requiring least power |
DE3117147A1 (en) * | 1981-04-30 | 1982-11-18 | Daimler-Benz Ag, 7000 Stuttgart | Road tunnel with forced ventilation |
Cited By (26)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0240713A1 (en) * | 1986-04-07 | 1987-10-14 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Controller for tunnel ventilating system |
EP0260624A1 (en) * | 1986-09-16 | 1988-03-23 | Stal Refrigeration Ab | Fresh air supply system for holds in a ship |
WO1991014827A1 (en) * | 1990-03-29 | 1991-10-03 | Airchitect I Söderhamn Ab | Method and installation for air treatment in the area of a traffic route for motor vehicles |
WO2000036275A1 (en) * | 1998-12-11 | 2000-06-22 | Svein Inge Haaland | A ventilation for tunnels and a method for control of same |
US7922442B2 (en) | 2003-03-20 | 2011-04-12 | Huntair, Inc. | Fan array fan section in air-handling systems |
US10495094B2 (en) | 2003-03-20 | 2019-12-03 | Nortek Air Solutions, Llc | Modular fan housing with multiple modular units having sound attenuation for a fan array for an air-handling system |
US11255332B2 (en) | 2003-03-20 | 2022-02-22 | Nortek Air Solutions, Llc | Modular fan housing with multiple modular units having sound attenuation for a fan array for an air-handling system |
US10641271B2 (en) | 2003-03-20 | 2020-05-05 | Nortek Air Solutions, Llc | Fan array fan section in air-handling systems |
US7527468B2 (en) | 2003-03-20 | 2009-05-05 | Huntair, Inc. | Fan array fan section in air-handling systems |
US7914252B2 (en) | 2003-03-20 | 2011-03-29 | Huntair, Inc. | Fan array fan section in air-handling systems |
US8734086B2 (en) | 2003-03-20 | 2014-05-27 | Huntair, Inc. | Modular fan housing with multiple modular units having sound attenuation for a fan array for an air-handling system |
US7179046B2 (en) | 2003-03-20 | 2007-02-20 | Huntair Inc. | Fan array fan section in air-handling systems |
US8398365B2 (en) | 2003-03-20 | 2013-03-19 | Huntair, Inc. | Modular fan units with sound attenuation layers for an air handling system |
US8414251B2 (en) | 2003-03-20 | 2013-04-09 | Huntair, Inc. | Modular fan housing with multiple modular units having sound attenuation for a fan array for an air-handling system |
US8419348B2 (en) | 2003-03-20 | 2013-04-16 | Huntair, Inc. | Fan array fan section in air-handling systems |
US8556574B2 (en) | 2003-03-20 | 2013-10-15 | Huntair, Inc. | Fan array fan section in air-handling systems |
US8562283B2 (en) | 2003-03-20 | 2013-10-22 | Huntair, Inc. | Fan array fan section in air-handling systems |
US8694175B2 (en) | 2003-03-20 | 2014-04-08 | Huntair, Inc. | Fan array fan section in air-handling systems |
US7137775B2 (en) | 2003-03-20 | 2006-11-21 | Huntair Inc. | Fan array fan section in air-handling systems |
US8727700B2 (en) | 2003-03-20 | 2014-05-20 | Huntair, Inc. | Fan array fan section in air-handling systems |
US8727701B2 (en) | 2004-03-19 | 2014-05-20 | Huntair, Inc. | Modular fan housing with multiple modular units having sound attenuation for a fan array for an air-handling system |
EP1783323A1 (en) * | 2005-11-08 | 2007-05-09 | Ingenieursbureau Oranjewoud B.V. | Ventilation system for covered traffic ways |
NL1030372C2 (en) * | 2005-11-08 | 2007-05-09 | Oranjewoud Ingb Bv | Ventilation system and method for ventilating covered traffic routes. |
US20110275302A1 (en) * | 2008-10-24 | 2011-11-10 | Mosen Limited | Improved tunnel ventilation device |
CN108374685A (en) * | 2018-04-03 | 2018-08-07 | 浙江工业大学 | Tunnel shaft air supply system combining natural wind with jet flow type ventilation |
CN108374685B (en) * | 2018-04-03 | 2023-09-12 | 浙江工业大学 | Tunnel vertical shaft air supply system combining natural wind with jet ventilation |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS61286500A (en) | 1986-12-17 |
DE3660933D1 (en) | 1988-11-17 |
EP0205979B1 (en) | 1988-10-12 |
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