JPS6048498A - Improved total heat exchanger - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve the heat exchanging efficiency of a total heat exchanger, and increase the migration proofness of an air flow by a method wherein two kinds of air flows are partitioned by using an improved quality base material which is made by coating or impregnating of a capillary tube active substance on a fine porous base material. CONSTITUTION:A total heat exchanger is composed of partitioned two kinds of air flows for performing the total heat exchanging by utilizing an improved quality base material which is coated or impregnated a capillary tube active substance on a fine porous base material. For the capillary tube active substance, an interfacial activator having two kinds of nature, that is, a hydrophobic nature or a lipophilic nature, and a hydrophilic nature is utilized. An organic acid derivative is alos effective. For the purpose of improving the denseness due to the embedding of small holes in the base material, the capillary tube active substance is adhered on the fine porous base material at the rate of 5- 50wt%. For the improved quality base material which is obtained by coating or impregnating of the capillary tube active substance on the fine porous base material, the permeability to air is desirable more than 50/sec in Gurley's permeability to air.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention relates to improvements in total heat exchangers.

The purpose is to provide an improved total heat exchanger that significantly improves the humidity exchange efficiency of the total heat exchanger and also increases the ability to prevent airflow migration.

In recent years, heat exchangers have come to be used as ventilation systems for homes and buildings, and in particular, total heat exchangers have become popular because they can achieve not only sensible heat exchange but also a-heat exchange at the same time. It is being done.

This total heat exchanger is implemented by partitioning two types of air streams to be heat exchanged by a microporous base material having thermal conductivity and moisture permeability.

Conventionally, known microporous substrates for total heat exchangers include asbestos paper, Japanese paper, anticombustion paper, nonwoven fabric, ceramic, inorganic powder-filled paper, and hydrophilic plastic film.

However, all films other than the hydrophilic film listed in J- have the drawbacks of high air permeability, which causes large air leaks, and low moisture permeability, which results in low latent heat exchange through humidity exchange. .

On the other hand, hydrophilic films have the disadvantage that they become soft due to moisture absorption, do not retain their shape, deform, and cannot withstand rough use.

By the way, in order to improve the humidity exchange performance of microporous substrates other than the above-mentioned hydrophilic film, an improved method has been proposed in which a hygroscopic agent such as lithium chloride is applied, but although this improves the humidity exchange performance, , this moisture absorbent has a relative humidity of 8
Since it absorbs water with a coefficient of 200 or more at a coefficient of 0, this moisture absorbent falls off under high humidity, reducing its effectiveness and softening the base material. Therefore, if the amount of dampening agent is reduced, the air permeability will increase, causing problems such as increased air leakage.

In addition, as a means of simultaneously solving humidity exchange performance and air leakage, a technique has been proposed in which a moisture absorbent is used in combination with a water-soluble polymer substance such as polyvinyl alcohol, but a water-soluble polymer film that absorbs moisture Because it contains agents,
When it absorbs moisture, this polymer becomes highly viscous and the rate of moisture transfer is slower than with a moisture absorbent alone. It is something that you have.

In this case, water-soluble polymeric substances alone can form a film and prevent air leakage, but moisture transfer becomes insufficient.

With the above points in mind, the inventors of the present invention conducted extensive research to obtain a modifier that slows down moisture transfer and prevents air transfer. They have found that this can be achieved and have arrived at the present invention.

That is, in a total heat exchanger configured by partitioning two types of air streams to be subjected to total heat exchange with a microporous base material having thermal conductivity and moisture permeability, a capillary active substance is added to the microporous base material. The inventors have now invented an improved total heat exchanger characterized in that the two types of airflow are partitioned using a modified base material that is coated or impregnated.

The microporous base material in the present invention is a base material that has thermal conductivity and moisture permeability. For example, a paper-like material with good dimensional stability under high humidity is preferable, and it can be used for glass fiber mixed paper, glass fiber, etc. A mixture of inorganic powder and pulp is suitable.

The microporous base material preferably has a Gurley air permeability of 20 seconds or more. Also, the thickness of this base material is 0.
A value of about 1 to 0.2 is preferable.

The present invention is constructed by coating or impregnating such a microporous base material with a capillary active substance to form a modifying base 41, and using this modifying base material to partition two types of air streams to be subjected to total heat exchange. It is a total heat exchanger.

As the capillary active substance in the present invention, a surfactant having both diphilicity and hydrophobicity or lipophilicity and hydrophilicity can be suitably used.

For example, these two parent surfactants include seaweed, offic acid sodium soap, semi-cured beef tallow potash soap, higher alcohol sulfate ester sodium salt, dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid sodium salt, naphthalene sulfonic acid formalin condensate, polyoxyethylene alkyl sal Anionic surfactants such as phenol-1-sodium salt, polyoxyethylene lauryl ether, polyoxyethylene stearyl ether, polyoxyethylene oleyl ether, polyoxyethylene nonylphenol ether, sorbitan monolaurylate, polyoxyethine sorbitan mono laurylate,
Nonionic surfactants such as polyethison glycol monolaurylate, oxyethinoxybrobylene bronok polymer, glycel monostear v-1-, cationic surfactants such as laurylamine acetate, argylbenzyldimethylammonium chloride, etc. In particular, anionic surfactants and nonionic surfactants give preferable results.

This capillary active substance is not limited to the above-mentioned surfactants, but other capillary active substances other than surfactants, such as finite acid derivatives such as propionic acid derivatives and butyric acid derivatives, are effective. . Specifically, zinc propionate, sodium propionate, potassium propionate, ammonium propionate, calcium propionate, magnesium propionate, l-butyrate.
Potassium butyrate, potassium butyrate, and the like can also be used as capillary active substances in the present invention.

There are quite a number of capillary active substances that can be used in the present invention, and this is a major feature of the present invention.

In the present invention, the capillary active substance described above is deposited on the microporous substrate in an amount of 5 to 5 (by weight). It is common knowledge that the amount of surfactant added to lower the interfacial tension is 1φ or less, but the present invention significantly breaks this common sense. This is because the capillary active substance used in the present invention is necessary not only to lower the interfacial tension but also to fill the pores of the base material and improve its compactness.

If the weight ratio of this capillary active substance to the porous base material is less than 5, the micelles will not be sufficiently filled in the pores of the base material, resulting in poor density and easy airflow leakage, which is undesirable. If the amount exceeds 50% by weight, a large amount of the capillary active substance will be present on the surface of the substrate, making it sticky and difficult to handle, and no further effect can be expected even if more is added.

The various capillary active substances mentioned above may be used singly or in combination of two or more types.For example, if a capillary active substance with bactericidal properties is used in combination, it will be effective [7 effects] is obtained.

In fact, a capillary active substance and a moisture absorbent may be used in combination to improve humidity exchangeability, or a flame retardant may be used in combination. ll:
It is also possible to add the tu property.

Furthermore, dimensional stability may be improved by using a capillary active substance in combination with a thermosetting resin or a synthetic resin emulsion.
It may be used in combination with an inorganic powder to increase thermal conductivity, or in combination with a water-soluble polymeric substance to improve the retention of capillary active substances.

In the present invention, it is desirable that the modified base material obtained by coating or impregnating the above-mentioned capillary active substance on a porous base material has an air permeability of 50 seconds or more according to the Gurley air permeability. be. For example, when using a microporous substrate with a Gurley air permeability of 30 seconds, it is desirable to increase the Gurley air permeability by 20 seconds or more by impregnating or coating with a capillary active substance.
It is desired that the final air permeability of the modified base material be 50 seconds or more, preferably 80 seconds or more.

However, if a microporous Iq 71 material with high air permeability is used, it is necessary to use a large number of capillary active substances, such as 20 to 50 capillary active substances.

If the Gurley air permeability of the modified base material is less than 50 seconds, the air permeability will be large and the air flow will be large, resulting in a decrease in ventilation performance and will be inappropriate.

In addition, the Gurley air permeability is P according to the TIS standard.
This value is obtained by the ``Method for Testing Air Permeability of Paper and Paperboard'' based on 8117, and the higher the number of seconds, the lower the air permeability and the higher the density.

The modified base material modified in this way has a Gurley air permeability of 5 because its porous voids are filled with micelles of the capillary active substance.
0.0 seconds or less, the air permeability is low and air flow migration is almost completely prevented, and the moisture permeability is improved, the humidity exchange efficiency is increased, and the latent heat exchange performance is improved.

This improvement in moisture permeability is due to the fact that water vapor in the air is condensed and adsorbed on the surface of the capillary active substance in the porous group H, diffuses and penetrates the hydrophilic groups on the micelle surface of the capillary active substance, and vaporizes on the back surface. It is caused by a phenomenon.

The surface tension of the condensed water due to this capillary active substance is significantly reduced by the action of the capillary active substance, so that moisture adsorption, permeation to the back side, and moisture release on the back side are all synchronized, and the humidity exchange performance is improved. It is believed that significant improvements are achieved.

The total heat exchanger of the present invention uses such a modified base material to partition two types of airflow and perform sensible heat exchange and latent heat exchange.
For example, this modified Sogetsu can be made into a cylindrical shape to make paper pipes, and a large number of them can be connected in series so that the primary air flows through the inside of the paper pipe and the secondary air flows through the outer circumference of the paper pipe. It is.

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an example of the total heat exchanger of the present invention.

As shown in this figure, the total heat exchanger of the present invention has a large number of paper pipes (1) shown in -1- arranged in series, and for example, in the case of a column self-flow type, fluid separation parts (2) are provided at both ends. There is.

In other words, the airflow passing through the inside of the paper pipe (1) and the airflow passing through the outside of the paper pipe (1) are designed to separate at the fluid separation part (2). The primary airflow introduced into the vibrator (1) flows out in the direction of the arrow (b), and the secondary airflow introduced into the outer periphery of the paper pipe (1) flows out in the direction of the arrow (^). In this way, two types of air currents facing each other pass through the inside and outside of the paper vibrator (1), exchanging sensible heat due to the temperature difference and latent heat exchange due to the humidity difference.

This fluid separation part (2) is divided into 1' from a large number of fluid separation sheets.
This fluid sheet is a plastic product made of, for example, ABs7 facial oil.

In addition, in this drawing, the paper pipe (1) is visible at I[1
Although it is shown in <, since it is actually housed in a casing, it goes without saying that the airflow around the outer periphery of the paper pipe (1) will not leak to the outside.

Of course, the total heat exchanger of the present invention is not limited to the opposed type shown in Fig. 1, but may also be a cross-flow type or a rotary type total heat exchanger. As a material, it can be used for all types of total heat exchangers such as pipe type, corrugated plate type, and one set of plates.

As described above in detail, the present invention is a total heat exchanger constructed using a modified base material in which a multi-yellow capillary active material is attached to a porous base material, and the capillary active material is It lowers the surface tension of condensed capillary water and promotes its migration to the back surface, improving humidity exchange efficiency, and the capillary active substance fills its micelles into the porous voids, reducing air permeability. This has the extremely excellent effect of killing two birds with one stone by increasing the ability to prevent airflow migration.

Example] Synthetic valve (s w p) 28 military song club, glass fiber 7
Koji's acrylic emulsion and flocculant were added to a slurry in which 70 parts by weight of inorganic powder (kaolin) were dispersed, and the mixture was mixed using a normal papermaking method to obtain a paper with a basis weight of 12 (]
A mixed paper of g/771″ was obtained.

This material was used as a microporous substrate, while a 20-T water bath solution (referred to as treatment agent A) of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (anionic surfactant) was used as a capillary active substance, and each It was impregnated to a certain amount.

Table 1 In Table 1, items s and c correspond to the modifying group H in the present invention.

Each of the base materials thus obtained was run on a corrugating machine to produce a large number of paper pipes each having a diameter of 6 trnn.

The following total heat exchangers were manufactured using these four types of paper pipes.

In other words, 25 paper pipes are lined up and a fluid separation sheet is attached to both ends, and it is approximately 2m? Four types (a, b, c, d) of pipe-type total heat exchangers were manufactured by stacking them in 50 stages at intervals of 1) as shown in Fig. 1.

Example 2 The same microporous substrate as in Example was used, and a 20% aqueous solution of polyoxyethylene onyl ether (nonionic surfactant) (referred to as treatment agent B) was used as the capillary active substance. It was impregnated with each coating amount as shown in Table 2.

Table 2 f and g in Table 2 are the modified base materials in the present invention.

Using these, four types (e, f,
G, b) Pipe type all floors) Replacement ig was made.

Example 3 Using the same microporous material as in Example, a 30% aqueous solution of sodium propionate was used as the capillary active substance, and the substrate was impregnated with 3111 agent at 15% by weight ( (during drying), and using this modified base material, the same pipe type total heat exchanger as in Example 1 was manufactured.

Example 4 Using the same microporous substrate as in Example 1, a 20% aqueous solution of a mixture of 80 parts of polyoxyethylene oleyl ether and 20 parts of sodium propionate was used as the capillary active substance, and the group H was On the other hand, a treatment agent was applied to the substrate at a rate of 30% (dry), and the same pipe type total heat exchanger as in Example 1 was manufactured using this modified base material.

Example 1: Untreated microporous base material in IK Example 1
A pipe-type total heat exchanger was manufactured in the same manner.

As a result of performing performance tests on the above-mentioned Example 1, Example 2, Example 3, Example 4, and Comparative Example, data as shown in Table 3 were obtained.

Table 3 As can be seen in this table, the total heat exchanger of the present invention has an excellent submersion efficiency, and therefore the total heat exchange efficiency is also high, and the air sideflow rate is very small. It has been determined that this is a highly effective total heat exchanger.

In addition, in the table (a), there was too much Bl agent in the two places to form 11@ on the surface, resulting in a decrease in performance, and there was also stickiness.

1. The heat exchange efficiency in the table above was calculated using the following formula.

However, t... Humidity ("C) ×... Absolute humidity (Kg/Kg) 1--, : I unitarby-(K ca, 4
/ Kg) OA...Outdoor air, SA...Indoor fresh air RA...Indoor air leakage rate is the air leakage rate when the pressure difference is 10 mnr M, for example, the total air volume at the pipe inlet. On the other hand, if the air volume at the outlet is 90%, the leakage rate d' is calculated to be 10%.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of one example of the total heat exchanger of the present invention. (1)...Paper vibrator, (2)...Fluid separation unit patent applicant Bhon Vilene Co., Ltd. (and others)

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. In a total heat exchanger configured by partitioning two types of air streams to be subjected to total heat exchange with a microporous base material having thermal conductivity and moisture permeability, the microporous base material An improved total heat exchanger characterized in that the two types of air streams are partitioned using a modified base material which is coated with or impregnated with a capillary active substance. 2. The improved total heat exchanger according to claim 1, which uses a biphilic surfactant as the capillary active substance. 3. The improved total heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein an organic acid derivative is used as the capillary active substance. 4. Claims 1, 2, or 3, in which the capillary active substance is deposited in a weight ratio of 5 to 50% on the microporous substrate.
Improved total heat exchanger as described in Section. 5. The improved total heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the modified base material has a Gurley air permeability of 50 seconds or more.