JPS6040404A - Construction of breakwater structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To easily construct a breakwater structure by a method in which a wave-dissipating part is fixed to a caisson installed on the foundation rubble, and concrete is placed to integrate the caisson and the wave-dissipating part. CONSTITUTION:A caisson 1 is installed on a foundation rubble 11, filling sand 6 is charged into the charging port 2a and packed into compartment chambers 2 and lower chambers 3, and a concrete cover 7 is covered on them. Wave-dissipating parts 4 are fixed to the upper outer wall of the compartment chambers 2 of the caisson 1 and the ceiling wall of the lower chambers 3 by fixers 5. Concrete 8 and 9 is placed to cover the fixers 5, and concrete 10 is placed on the upside of the caisson body 1. Since the caisson body 1 is separated from the wave-dissipating part for production, the delivery and construction of the breakwater structure parts can be made easier.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention can be used for breakwaters, quays, and shores in the sea and lakes.

The present invention relates to a method for constructing a wave-dissipating structure that can be constructed more easily than conventional methods when it is necessary to construct a wave-dissipating structure such as a mooring facility.

Conventionally, in order to construct a wave-dissipating structure using a caisson, the caisson is manufactured in a caisson manufacturing factory by integrating the part into which filling sand is introduced and the space into which waves flow and are dissipated. Either the vessel is suspended by a large crane and transported to the installation site for installation, or the opening that forms the space where waves enter and are dissipated is closed with a temporary cover material such as a steel plate with a rubber backing. The method used was to increase the space in the caisson to increase its buoyancy, and then tow the caisson with increased buoyancy by a tugboat, transport it to the installation site 1, and install it.

In this conventional method, the former method requires a large crane boat and can only be carried out in relatively deep water, and the caisson itself is completely integrated with the member 1 that forms the space necessary for wave dissipation. Because of the large weight of the ship, it had the disadvantage that the large lift ship had to be able to exhibit an unnecessarily large capacity. The latter method has the advantage of not requiring a large hoist like the former method, as the caisson is transported to the installation site in a floating state by towing, but it does not require the space required for wave dissipation. The caissons, which are all integrated into the forming parts, are heavy and have low buoyancy, so in order to increase the buoyancy, openings in the space necessary for wave dissipation were created to prevent water from flowing into the space necessary for wave dissipation. Since the watertight structure must be closed with a temporary cover material, the cost of manufacturing and installing the temporary cover material is high, and the space required for wave dissipation is required by a diver after the caisson is installed without removing the temporary cover material. However, since this work is done underwater, it is highly dangerous and has the drawbacks of poor work efficiency.

As a result of intensive research to eliminate such drawbacks of the conventional art, the present inventors found that the drawback of the conventional art is that the caisson for constructing a wave-dissipating structure has a part that forms a space where waves flow in and is dissipated at the installation site. Focusing on the fact that the weight of the caisson increases due to the fact that it is integrated before being transported, we developed a caisson as a wave-dissipating structure that has a space between the caisson itself and the space where waves flow in and are dissipated. If the caisson body is manufactured separately, the total weight of the caisson body will be reduced by the weight equivalent to the wave-dissipating member, so if the former method described above is implemented, the usage fee will be relatively low. In addition, when implementing the latter method described above, the caisson itself becomes shallower, so there is no need to dredge the towpath, which would be required if the caisson towpath is shallow. They completed the present invention by discovering that it is economical and does not require a temporary cover material, so it is economical and less dangerous, and the construction period can be shortened.

That is, the present invention includes a wave-dissipating structure that includes a large number of compartments each having a filling sand inlet opening at the top and a lower end of the side of each compartment, on which a wave-dissipating structure is required. a caisson main body having a plurality of lower chambers each having a filling sand inlet formed in the partition wall at a position where the lower chamber is in communication with the compartment;
The wave-dissipating structure of the caisson body is manufactured by dividing it into wave-dissipating members placed at predetermined intervals at required positions, and the caisson body is installed on the foundation rubble formed in advance on the water bottom. Filling sand is introduced and filled into the compartment and lower chamber of the caisson body, and then the wave-dissipating section is fixed to the upper outer wall of the compartment and the royal ceiling wall of the caisson body using a fixing device, and then the fixing device is The fixings for fixing the wave-dissipating member to the royal ceiling wall of the caisson body are cast-in-place underwater concrete, and the fixings for fixing the wave-dissipating member to the outer wall of the upper compartment of the caisson body are cast-in-place. The present invention provides a method for constructing a wave-dissipating structure characterized by integrating a caisson main body and a wave-dissipating member by covering each with aerial concrete.

Hereinafter, a method for constructing a wave-dissipating structure according to the present invention will be explained in detail with reference to the drawings.

Figure 1 shows one of the caisson bodies used in the method of the present invention.
A perspective view of the embodiment, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line A-A in FIG. 1, FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line B-B in FIG. FIG. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing the state of construction of a wave-dissipating construct constructed by the method of the present invention.

In the drawing, reference numeral 1 denotes a number of compartments 2 each having a filling sand inlet 2a open at the top, and a partition wall at the lower end of the side of each compartment 2 at a position above which a wave-dissipating structure is required. This is a caisson main body having a large number of sills 6 formed with filler sand inlets 6a and communicating with compartments 2. 4 is the position of the caisson body 1 where a wave-dissipating structure is required, that is, if the wave-dissipating structure is a breakwater, the Kid caisson body 10 is on both sides or one side, and if the wave-dissipating structure is a quay or a seawall, the caisson body 10 is Wave-dissipating members are arranged at predetermined intervals on one side, and by disposing the wave-dissipating members 4 at predetermined intervals, the PJ serves as an inlet for waves between the wave-dissipating parts 4, and the wave-dissipating members The space formed between the caisson body 1 and the side wall of the compartment 2 of the caisson body 1 and the ceiling wall of the royal chamber B serves to mix incoming waves and eliminate their energy. Numeral 5 is a fixture for fixing the wave-dissipating member 4 to the upper outer wall of the compartment 2 and the ceiling wall of the lower chamber 3 of the caisson body 1. Bolts, taper pins, etc. are used as the fixtures 5, so that the wave-dissipating member 4 is The portion of the caisson body 1 that is fixed to the caisson body 1 is provided with a through hole through which the fixture 5 is inserted, and the portion of the caisson body 1 that the wave-dissipating member 4 is fixed to is provided with a female thread or a fitting for holding the fixture 5. It is necessary to have a wearing hole. Reference numeral 6 denotes filling sand that is charged into the compartment chamber 2 and lower chamber 6 of the caisson body 1 to increase the weight of the caisson body 1; When poured from the port 2a, the lower chamber 6
The sand is also filled into the lower chamber 6 through the filling sand inlet 6b opened in the partition wall 6a. 7 is a concrete lid that closes the filling sand inlet 2a of the compartment 2 after the filling sand 6 is injected into the compartment 2 and lower chamber 6 in the caisson body 1; 8 is a concrete lid for dissipating waves in the caisson body 1; After the part 4 is fixed, the fixing device 5 fixing the wave-dissipating part 4 to the ceiling wall of the caisson body 1 is prevented from being damaged by corrosion etc., and the wave-dissipating member 4 is fixed to the caisson body 1. 9 is cast-in-place underwater concrete that covers the fixing device 5 in order to securely fix it; 9, the wave-dissipating member 4 is fixed to the caisson body 1, and the inside of the compartment chamber 2 and lower chamber 6 in the caisson body 1 is filled with sand. 6 is charged and the concrete lid 7 is installed on the upper part of the compartment 2, the fixtures fixing the wave dissipating system 4 to the upper outer wall of the compartment 2 of the caisson body 1 may be damaged due to corrosion etc. This is cast-in-place aerial concrete to prevent this. Reference numeral 10 indicates upper concrete poured on the upper part of the caisson body 1), 11id foundation rubble pre-formed on the bottom of the water where the caisson body 1 is installed, and 12 indicates the caisson body 1.
After the installation, a block of foundation stones 11 is placed on the top surface of the foundation stones 11 to prevent the foundation stones 11 from being scattered by waves.
16 is placed on the upper surface of the slope of the foundation rubble 11, and the foundation rubble 1
Covering block 1fc to prevent 1 from collapsing
is a covering stone.

In order to carry out the method of the present invention with such a configuration, the foundation rubble 11 is formed in advance in the water at the location where the wave-dissipating structure is to be constructed, and then the caisson body 1 is transported by a relatively small hoist boat or towed to remove the foundation rubble 11. After being transported upward, the caisson body 1 is lowered and installed on the foundation rubble 11.

This installation should be carried out on a day when sea conditions are calm. At the same time as this installation, filler sand 6 is introduced from the filler sand inlet 2a opened at the upper part of the compartment 2 of the caisson body 1, and is passed through the compartment 2 and the filler sand inlet filter b into the lower chamber 6. Fill the inside with filling sand 6. When installing a caisson in this way, after filling with 60 pieces of filling sand, the filling sand inlet 2av in the upper part of the compartment 2 is closed with the concrete lid 7, and then the upper surface of the foundation rubble 11 and the slope are closed as soon as possible. Then, the hardening block 12 and covering block or covering stone 16 are installed. After installing the caisson body 1 on the foundation rubble 11 in this way, the wave-dissipating members 4 are installed on the upper outer wall of the compartment 2 of the caisson body 10 and the ceiling wall of the lower chamber 6 to complete the wave-dissipating structure of the caisson body 1. They are fixed at predetermined intervals using fixtures 5. When the caisson main body 1 is arranged in an H-shape when viewed from above as in the illustrated embodiment, the position at which the wave-dissipating member 4 is fixed is determined by the area surrounded by the compartments 2. Although not shown, if the compartments 2 of the caisson body 1 are arranged simply in a straight line, the space is the entire length of one or both sides of the compartments 20. In this way, when the wave-dissipating member 4 is fixed to the caisson body 1 with the fixing device 5, a wave-dissipating structure has been constructed in this state. cast-in-place underwater concrete that covers the fixtures 5 fixing the fixtures 5 and the wave-dissipating members 4 to the upper outer wall of the compartment 2 of the caisson body 1 to protect the fixtures 5 from corrosion; The cast-in-place concrete 8 and the cast-in-place aerial concrete 9 are then placed on a day when the sea conditions are calm, and then the upper concrete U-conte 10 is placed on top of the caisson body 1, and the work is completely completed.

The method for constructing a wave-breaking structure according to the present invention as detailed above has various advantages as listed below, and its industrial value is extremely large.

Since the components constituting the wave-dissipating structure are manufactured separately into the caisson body 1 and the wave-dissipating member 4, the caisson body 1 is manufactured in one piece with the components necessary for conventional wave-dissipating. Since it is lighter in weight compared to others, if a hoist ship is used to transport the wave-dissipating structure to the area where it is installed, a zJw type hoist ship, which is relatively cheap to use, can be used, and when floating and towing it. Since the water level is shallow, there is no need to dredge the towpath, and the space required for wave dissipation is made into a structure that provides buoyancy during towing.A temporary cover material is installed and this temporary cover material is removed after the caisson is installed. This eliminates the need for this work, making it highly economical and significantly shortening the construction period.

2] Since the components constituting the wave-dissipating structure are manufactured separately into the caisson body 1 and the wave-dissipating member 4, it is necessary to fix the wave-dissipating member 4 to the caisson body 1, but this work is performed using bolts. Cast-in-place underwater concrete 8 and cast-in-place aerial concrete 9 can be easily carried out by using a fixing device 5 such as the above, and cast-in-place underwater concrete 8 and cast-in-place aerial concrete 9 are wave-dissipating members. 4 to the caisson body 1 with the fixture 5 at the same time, it is less affected by sea conditions.

3) Even if the fixing device 5 is used, there is no concern about its strength because the fixing device 5 is covered by pouring cast-in-place underwater concrete 8 and cast-in-place concrete in the air 9.

4) The caisson main body 1 has a structure in which not only the compartment 2 but also the lower chamber 6 for fixing the lower part of the wave-dissipating member 4 is provided, so it is convenient for the work of fixing the wave-dissipating member 4. A filling sand inlet 6b is provided in the partition wall 6a so that the filling sand 6 is also filled.
is provided, so stability is high due to filling with sand filling.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 shows one of the caisson bodies used in the method of the present invention.
A perspective view of the embodiment, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line A-A in FIG. 1, FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along B-Bm in FIG. 2, and FIG. FIG. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing the construction state of the wave-dissipating structure constructed by the method of the present invention. 1... Caisson body 2... Compartment chamber 2a... Filling sand inlet 6... Lower chamber 6a... Partition wall 6b... Filling sand inlet 4... Wave dissipating member 5... Fixture 6... Filling Sand 7...Concrete cover 8...Underwater concrete cast in place 9...Aerial concrete cast in place 10...Upper concrete 11...Foundation rubble 12...Kekoku block 16...Covering block fc is Enoki stone #11 diagram 2 12Figure 2

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. The members constituting the wave-dissipating structure are comprised of a number of compartments each having a filling sand inlet opening at the top, and a lower end of the side of each compartment, on which a wave-dissipating structure is installed. A caisson body having a large number of chambers each having a filling sand inlet formed in the partition wall at a required position and communicating with the compartment, and a wave-dissipating structure of the caisson body at a predetermined interval at a required position. After installing the caisson body on the foundation rubble formed in advance on the water bottom, filling sand is introduced into the compartment and lower chamber of the caisson body. Next, the wave-dissipating part is fixed to the upper outer wall of the compartment and the lower ceiling of the caisson body using a fixture, and then the wave-dissipating part of the fixture is fixed to the lower compartment ceiling of the caisson body. The fixings fixed to the wall are covered with cast-in-place underwater concrete, and the fixings fixing the wave dissipating member to the outer wall of the upper part of the compartment of the caisson body are covered with cast-in-place aerial concrete, so that they are connected to the caisson body. A method of constructing a wave-dissipating structure characterized by integrating wave members. 2 Claim 1 that uses a bolt as a fixing device
The method for constructing the wave-dissipating structure described in section. 6. The method for constructing a wave-dissipating structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the position of the caisson body where the wave-dissipating member is fixed by the fixing device and requiring the wave-dissipating structure is on one side of the caisson body. . 4. The method for constructing a wave-dissipating structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the wave-dissipating structure of the caisson body to which the wave-dissipating member is fixed by the fixture is located on both sides of the caisson body. .