JP2590044B2 - Underwater structure construction equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to the construction of an underwater structure such as a concrete caisson (hereinafter simply referred to as "caisson") using a workboat near a deep quay in a harbor. Construction equipment for underwater structures.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, when an underwater structure such as a breakwater or a revetment caisson is to be constructed on a workboat capable of floating and sinking in a water area near a quay in a harbor, a technique as shown in FIG. 11 or FIG. is there.

In the technique shown in FIG. 11, a workboat 20 such as a floating dock is moored near a quay B,
In a state where the workboat 20 is floated, for example, a caisson 31 is manufactured on the workbench of the workboat 20, and is built to a predetermined height capable of floating by itself, and then the workboat 20 is lowered,
Seawater is put on the workboat 20, and the caisson 31 is raised and taken out.

In the technique shown in FIG. 12, a mound M is previously constructed on a seabed A near a quay B, and a floating boat 20 is sunk on the mound M and fixed.
After the caisson 31 has been built on the workbench 20 to a predetermined height at which it can float on its own, the workbench 20 is once floated, and the workbench 20 is moved to a position at a greater depth than the mound M. , The working boat 20 is lowered again, seawater is poured in, the caisson 31 is lifted up and taken out,
The work boat 20 is returned above the mound M.

[0005]

However, in the technique shown in FIG. 11 of the above-mentioned prior art, the working boat 20 swings due to strong winds and waves generated in the harbor due to the navigation of the ship. During construction of underwater structures, workers become sick and have a problem that their work efficiency is reduced, there is a problem that it is difficult to work safely, and countermeasures such as using a large workboat to combat waves There were times when I had to take steps.

On the other hand, in the technique shown in FIG. 12, when the mound M is constructed in a place where the water depth is large, it is necessary to increase the height of the mound M. Therefore, material costs such as sand and gravel for constructing the mound M are required. In addition, there is a problem that the cost increases, such as labor costs, and furthermore, there is a problem that the construction of the mound M takes a long time, and the existence of the mound M hinders the original function of the port for a long time, that is, the berthing and mooring of the ship. There was also a problem that removing the mound M required a long time for the construction.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to construct a mound that can eliminate the rocking of a workboat due to waves and that sinks and fixes the workboat. An object of the present invention is to provide an underwater structure building facility which does not need to be performed.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the above object, the present invention relates to a wavebreaker 1 having a floating structure and an opening 3 provided in a part of the periphery of a cylindrical shape, and a workboat for building an underwater structure. 20; the opening 3 is brought into contact with the wall surface of the quay B to install the wavebreak device 1;
In FIG. 9, the workboat 20 is stored.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides an opening 3 in a part of the periphery of a cylinder having a float structure,
And a gate 35 is attached to the opening 3 so as to be openable and closable ,
Includes a breakwater device 1 at the bottom has a cutting edge 10 for fixing, and a work barge 20 for underwater structures construction, the gate 35
It has a float structure and can be freely opened and closed via a hinge 37.
And provided above the wavebreaker 1.
The wave protection device 1 is installed at a position where the gate 35 does not interfere with the quay B and is connected to the opening / closing operation device 38 so as to be freely openable and closable.
Is stored.

[0010]

According to the present invention, the work barge 20 is arranged in the vicinity of the quay B, and the opening 3 is provided on a part of the circumference of the cylindrical shape with the float structure. Towards
The breakwater 1 is made to berth such that the workboat 20 is inserted through the opening 3, and the breakwater 1 is installed by bringing the opening 3 into contact. Next, load water, such as seawater, is injected into the float of the breakwater device 1, the load of the breakwater device 1 is increased, and the float is lowered and fixed. Thereby, the workboat 20
Is surrounded by the breakwater 1 and the wall of the quay B, and the internal water area 19 of the breakwater 1 is not affected by the waves,
It is kept calm.

In this state, the work boat 20 is used, and for example, a caisson 31
Build an underwater structure like.

After the underwater structure is built to a predetermined height at which it can float on its own, the workbench 20 is lowered, seawater is poured onto the workbench, and the underwater structure is floated. On the other hand, the load water in the float of the breakwater 1 is pumped out, and the buoyancy is increased to cause the float to float. Next, after separating the breakwater device 1 from the quay B, the underwater structure floating on the workbench of the workbench 20 is taken out and towed to a mooring place or an installation place.

As described above, in the present invention, the workboat 20 is surrounded by the wavebreaker 1 and the quay B, and the internal water area 19 is not affected by the waves, so that the work environment is kept calm. As a result, operator sickness due to the workboat rocking under the influence of waves can be prevented, work efficiency can be improved, and construction work can be safely advanced.

Further, according to the present invention, since it is not necessary to build a mound for submerging and fixing the workboat, costs and time including a large amount of material such as sand and gravel and labor and the like for constructing the mound. Is unnecessary, and the presence of the mound can solve the problem of hindering the original functions of the port.

Further, in the present invention, the opening 35 is provided in a part of the periphery of the cylindrical shape with the float structure, and the gate 35 is attached to the quay B of the wavebreaker 1 in which the opening 35 is openably and closably attached. It is arranged at a position where it does not interfere, and the load water is injected into the float of the wave preventing device 1 to settle and the wave preventing device 1 is fixed. Then, the gate 35 provided in the opening 3 is opened, and the workboat 20 is put into the internal water area 19 of the breakwater 1,
Gate 35 is closed. Thus, the internal water area 19 of the breakwater 1 is not affected by the waves and is kept calm.

Next, an underwater structure is constructed on the work table in a conventional manner while the work boat 20 is floated. After building to a predetermined height that can float the underwater structure by itself,
The load water is injected into the float of the work boat 20 and the work boat 2
The seawater is put on the workbench, and the underwater structure is lifted. Also, the gate 35 of the wavebreaker 1 is opened,
The underwater structure floated on the work platform of the work platform boat 20 is taken out to the outside through the opening 3 of the wave protection device 1 and towed to a mooring place or an installation place.

As described above, after the constructed underwater structure is taken out of the breakwater device 1, the gate 3 of the breakwater device 1 is taken out.
Close 5.

As described above, in the present invention, the periphery of the workboat 20 is cylindrical and is surrounded by the wavebreaker 1 provided with the gate 35 in the opening 3 so that the internal water area 19 is not affected by waves. As a result, the work environment is calmly maintained, which prevents the workboats from sickening due to the rocking effect of the waves, improves the work efficiency, and improves the construction work. You can proceed safely.

Also, in the present invention, there is no need to build a mound for submerging and fixing the workboat, so that a large amount of sand and gravel for constructing the mound, including material costs and labor costs, Time is not required, and the presence of the mound can solve the problem of hindering the original functions of the port.

Further, according to the present invention, the opening 3
It is possible to open the gate 35 that is freely openable and closable, and to put the workboat 20 into the breakwater 1 through the opening 3 and take out the built underwater structure outside the breakwater 1. , These operations can be performed easily.

[0021]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

1 to 7 show a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional side view of the whole construction equipment, FIG. 2 is a plan view of FIG. 1, and FIGS. 3 to 7 are underwater structures. It is a longitudinal side view which shows the process at the time of constructing a caisson as an example.

In the first embodiment shown in these figures, a breakwater device 1 and a workboat 20 are provided.

As shown in FIG. 2, the wave preventing device 1 has three sides surrounded by side walls 2A, 2B and 2C, and is formed in a U-shape cylindrical shape when viewed from a plane. An opening 3 is provided.

The side walls 2A, 2B, 2C of the wavebreaker 1
As shown in FIG. 1, a space portion 8 which is a float sealed by an outer wall plate 4 and an inner wall plate 5, a bottom plate 6 and a top end plate 7 which are respectively installed at predetermined intervals is configured. ing. A reinforcing member 9 is attached inside the space 8, and a loading / discharging port (not shown) of the load water is provided at an upper portion. Further, the bottom plate 6 is provided with a cutting edge 10 for fixing the wave preventing device 1. Further, on the outer side of the top plate 7, an auxiliary work table 11 for mounting materials for caisson construction is mounted on the same plane as the top plate 7, and the auxiliary work table 11 is It is supported by a support girder 12. In this embodiment, a cargo handling device 13 for transporting materials and the like is installed on one of the side walls 2A to 2C. For the cargo handling device 13, a crane having a crane main body 15 mounted on a mast 14 is used.

A lower horizontal girder 16 is fixed to the bottom of the opening 3 of the wavebreaker 1, and an upper horizontal girder 17 is detachably mounted on the upper part. In addition, the left and right side walls 2A, 2A
A water stop device 18 is attached to the end face on the opening 3 side in C. As the water stop device 18, a rubber lip type or hollow type is used.

The opening 3 of the breaker 1 is brought into contact with the wall surface of the quay B, thereby forming the side wall 2 of the breaker 1.
Three sides are surrounded by A, 2B, and 2C, the other side is surrounded by the wall surface of the quay B, and an internal water area 19 that is sealed by the water stop device 18 and isolated from the sea W is secured. ing.

The working boat 20 is, as shown in FIG.
An upper plate serving as a work table 21, a bottom plate 22, and a peripheral side plate 23
And has a float structure having an inboard 24 surrounded by. The inboard 24 is reinforced by a reinforcing girder 25. The workbench 21 is provided with a pouring and discharging port (not shown) communicating with the inside 24 of the ship. A hose 26 connected to a pump (not shown) is inserted into the pouring / draining port.

The construction equipment for underwater structures according to the first embodiment is used and operates as follows.

First, the workboat 20 is arranged in the vicinity of the quay B, and the breakwater device 1 having a float structure, which is formed in a U-shape cylindrical shape when viewed from above and has an opening 3 on one side, With the opening 3 facing the quay B side, the work breaker 1 is made to approach the quay B through the opening 3 so that the workboat 20 is put inside, and the opening 3 of the breaker 1 is connected to the quay B. While being in contact with the wall surface, the water stop device 18 seals the wall surface of the quay wall B and the end face of the wave preventing device 1 on the opening 3 side.
Is installed.

Then, load water (seawater W ') is injected into the space 8 which is a float of the side walls 2A to 2C of the breakwater device 1,
The load on the wavebreaker 1 is increased to sink, and the cutting edge 10 provided on the bottom plate 6 of the side walls 2A to 2C of the wavebreaker 1 is moved to the seabed A.
To fix the wavebreaker 1. Thereby, the periphery of the workboat 20 is surrounded by the breakwater 1 and the wall of the quay B, and the internal water area 19 of the breakwater 1 is kept calm without being affected by the waves.

Next, using the cargo handling device 13 installed in the breakwater device 1, the inner and outer formwork for caisson construction and the like from the quay B to the top end plate 7 and the auxiliary work table 11 of the breakwater device 1 Prepare by loading materials such as reinforcing bars.

Thereafter, as shown in FIG.
Is floated, the first lot 27 corresponding to the caisson bottom slab concrete is built on the workbench 21 of the workbench 20 by a conventional method. At this stage, since the work boat 20 has sufficient buoyancy, the work boat 20 is not completely submerged in the water.

Subsequently, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, a second lot 28, a third lot 29, and a fourth lot 30 corresponding to the side wall of the caisson are sequentially built on the work platform 21 of the work platform boat 20. Go. At the stage when the second lot 28 is constructed, as can be seen from FIG. 4, since the workboat 20 has sufficient buoyancy, the workboat 20 will not be completely immersed in water.
At the stage when the lot 29 is constructed, the weight of the caisson constructed so far overcomes the buoyancy of the workboat 20 and the workboat 20 is submerged, and the seawater overflows on the workbench 21. Then, at the stage where the caisson 31 has been built up to the fourth lot 30 corresponding to a predetermined height at which the caisson 31 can float on its own, the caisson 31 can float on its own by the buoyancy of the seawater acting on the bottom plate.

As described above, at the stage when the caisson 31 is built to a predetermined height, as shown in FIG. 6, the load water in the space 8 constituting the float of the side walls 2A, 2B, 2C of the wave protection device 1 is obtained. Pumping out seawater W '
The buoyancy of the float is increased, and the wavebreak device 1 is levitated.
Next, the wavebreaker 1 is towed away from the quay B by, for example, a tugboat 32 to release the caisson 31 into the sea W.

Then, seawater W 'is loaded as load water into the inside 24 of the workboat 20 via a pouring / draining pump 34 mounted on the barge 33 shown in FIG. 7 and a hose 26 connected to the pump. 7, the workbench 20 is lowered, the caisson 31 is lifted by itself,
Disconnect the caisson 31 from 0 and tow the caisson 31 to the mooring location or installation location.

Thereafter, the seawater W 'in the inside 24 of the workboat 20 is pumped out by the pouring pump 34, and the workboat 2
Increase the buoyancy of zero and float above sea level. Then, the opening 3 of the breakwater 1 is again turned to the quay B side,
The breakwater 1 is made to berth so that 0 is inserted through the opening 3, and the breakwater 1 is fixed with the opening 3 abutting on the wall surface of the quay B to prepare for the next caisson construction.

As can be seen from the above description,
In this first embodiment, the opening 3 is brought into contact with the wall surface of the quay wall B of the wavebreaker 1 having a float structure, a U-shaped tubular shape viewed from a plane, and having an opening 3 on one side. Accommodates the workboat 20 in the internal water area 19 surrounded by the wall device 1 and the wall of the quay B, and builds the caisson 31, so that the work environment can be maintained in a calm state. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the work efficiency from lowering due to the workboat swinging due to the waves and the worker getting sick, and the construction work of the caisson 31 can be safely advanced.

Further, according to the first embodiment, there is no need to construct a mound for submerging and fixing the workboat, so that costs such as material costs and labor costs for constructing the mound,
In addition, it is possible to reduce the entire time and time, and it is also possible to eliminate a problem that hinders the original function of the port due to the presence of the mound.

Further, in the first embodiment, the wave protection device 1
Is a U-shaped cylindrical shape viewed from a plane having an opening 3 on one side, and it is sufficient to configure it in a float structure, which simplifies the shape and structure, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost of the wave preventing device 1. be able to.

Further, in the first embodiment, an auxiliary work table 11 is mounted on the same plane as the top end plate 7 outside the top end plate 7 of the wave preventing device 1, and the wave preventing device 1 is provided with a crane or the like. A loading / unloading device 13 is installed, and the loading / unloading device 13 is used to construct a caisson from the quay B to the auxiliary work table 11.
Materials such as an outer frame and reinforcing bars can be transported and placed, and the caisson 31 can be constructed using the materials, so that labor saving and efficiency of work can be achieved.

FIGS. 8 to 10 show a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a vertical side view of the whole construction equipment, and FIG.
FIG. 8 is a plan view of FIG. 8, and FIG. 10 is a vertical sectional side view of the caisson after the gate has been opened.

In the second embodiment shown in these figures, an opening 3 is provided on one side of a wave protection device 1 which has a float structure and is formed in a U-shape when viewed from above. The gate 35 is attached to the.

The gate 35 is formed in a float structure having a space 36 so that load water can be injected into or discharged from the space 36 through a pouring / draining port (not shown). Further, the gate 35 is provided on the lower horizontal girder 16 attached to the lower part of the opening 3 via a hinge 37 so as to be freely opened and closed. Further, the gate 35 is provided on the left and right side walls 2A,
It is connected to an opening and closing operation device 38 installed on the top plate 7 of 2C.

The opening / closing operation device 38 for the gate 35 is configured such that a wire 40 is pulled out from a winch 39 and its end is connected to a top end plate of the gate 35 via a wire connector 41.

The other structure of the second embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment except that the water stopping device 18 on the end surfaces of the left and right side walls 2A and 2C of the wavebreaker 1 is omitted.

By the way, in the construction equipment of the second embodiment, the wavebreak device 1 formed in a U-shape cylindrical shape when viewed from a plane.
The opening 3 having the gate 35 is directed to the non-quay side, and the gate 35 is arranged so as not to interfere with the quay B.

Then, load water is injected into the space 8 which is a float of the side walls 2A to 2C of the wave preventing device 1, the wave preventing device 1 is lowered, the cutting edge 10 is inserted into the seabed A, and the wave preventing device 1 is fixed. I do.

Further, the opening / closing operation device 38 for the gate 35 is driven in the opening direction, the gate 35 is opened, the work boat 20 is put into the wavebreaker 1 through the opening 3, and the opening / closing operation device 38 is then closed. 8, the gate 35 is closed, and as shown in FIG. 8, the work boat 20 is floated in the internal water area 19 of the breakwater 1, and the intended caisson 31 is built on the work table 21.

After the caisson 31 is built to a predetermined height at which the caisson 31 can float by itself, the gate opening / closing device 38 is driven in the opening direction to open the gate 35 as shown in FIG.
Then, load water is poured into the inside 24 of the workboat 20 through the hose 26, the workboat 20 is lowered, and the caisson 31
Is lifted, only the caisson 31 is taken out from the opening 3 of the breakwater device 1 and towed.

Thereafter, the opening / closing operation device 38 for the gate 35 is driven in the closing direction, the gate 35 is closed, and the load water inside the workboat 20 is drawn out through the hose 26, and the workboat 20 is lifted up again. Prepare for the next caisson construction.

As described above, in the second embodiment, the float structure is formed into a U-shaped cylindrical shape as viewed from above, and the gate 35 is attached to the opening 3 provided on one side so as to be openable and closable. Since the workboat 20 is housed in the internal water area 19 surrounded by the wavebreaker 1 and the caisson 31 is constructed, the work environment can be maintained in a calm state similarly to the first embodiment. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a problem caused by the work boat 20 swinging under the influence of the waves.

Also in the second embodiment, as in the first embodiment, there is no need to build a mound for laying down and fixing the workboat.

Further, according to the second embodiment, the gate 3
In the state where 5 is closed, since the internal water area 19 can be secured only by the breakwater 1, the breakwater 1 can be installed and used not only in the vicinity of the quay B but by selecting an appropriate place. .

Further, in the second embodiment, since the gate 35 which can be opened and closed is provided, the gate 35 is opened without moving the wavebreaker 1, and the workbench is inserted into the wavebreaker 1 through the opening 3. Since the boat 20 can be put in or the caisson 31 built can be taken out, these operations can be performed easily.

In the present invention, the shape of the wavebreaker 1 is not limited to a U-shape as viewed from the plane as shown in the first and second embodiments, but may be a C-shape or a polygon. .

Further, the entire side wall from the upper portion to the lower portion of the side wall of the wave preventing device 1 is not limited to the float structure, but may be configured to have a float structure halfway in the vertical direction. Further, although the lower end of the illustrated gate 35 can be opened and closed by a hinge, the gate 35 may have a hinge structure on either the left or right and can be opened and closed on the left and right. Further, when the gate 35 has a floating structure, the gate may be removable from the wave preventing device 1.

Further, the present invention is not limited to caisson building facilities, but can be applied to other underwater structure building facilities.

Further, the workboat is not limited to the embodiment shown in the drawings, and it is possible to select and use a dolphin dock, a floating dock or the like which is compatible with the underwater structure to be built, such as a conventionally used dolphin dock. it can.

[0060]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention,
According to the described invention, the opening 3 of the wavebreaker 1 having a float structure and a U-shaped tubular shape as viewed from above and having an opening 3 on one side is brought into contact with the wall surface of the quay B, and Since the workboat 20 is housed in the internal water area 19 surrounded by the wall device 1 and the wall of the quay B, and the intended underwater structure is constructed, the work environment can be maintained in a calm state. It is therefore possible to prevent the work boat from swinging due to the waves and prevent the work efficiency from being lowered due to the seasickness of the workers, and to have the effect of safely performing the construction work of the underwater structure, There is no need to build a mound for submerging and fixing the workboat, which has the effect of reducing all costs such as material and labor costs for building the mound, as well as the time required. Defects that hinder the original function It can erase effect also.

Further, according to the second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a wave protection device in which an opening 3 is provided in a part of the periphery of a cylindrical shape with a float structure, and a gate 35 is attached to the opening 3 so as to be openable and closable. 1 and the water area 19 inside the breakwater 1
In addition, because the workboat 20 for underwater structure construction is housed, the work environment can be maintained in a calm state, and it is not necessary to build a mound for sinking and fixing the workboat. In addition to having the effect of obtaining, in the state where the gate 35 is closed, the calm internal water body 19 can be secured only with the breakwater 1,
It is not limited to the vicinity of the quay B, but has an effect of selecting and installing an appropriate place to use the breakwater device 1, and has an effect that the breakwater device 1 can be used. Since the gate 35 can be opened and the workboat 20 can be put into the breakwater 1 through the opening 3 or the constructed underwater structure can be taken out, there is also an effect that these operations can be performed easily. Also, since there is a cutting edge 10 at the bottom,
It can be easily fixed to the bottom, and the gate 35 is the same as the wavebreak device 1.
Float structure, floating and sinking balun
Is good.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional side view showing a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional side view showing a caisson construction process in the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional side view showing a caisson construction process following FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional side view showing a caisson construction process following FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a vertical sectional side view showing a caisson construction process following FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional side view showing a caisson construction process following FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a vertical sectional side view showing a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a plan view of FIG.

FIG. 10 is a longitudinal sectional side view of an operation state in the second embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example of a conventional technique.

FIG. 12 is a longitudinal sectional view showing another example of the prior art.

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 wavebreak device 2A to 2C sidewall of wavebreak device 3 opening of wavebreak device 8 space as float of wavebreak device 11 auxiliary workbench for wavebreak device 13 cargo handling device 19 internal water area of wavebreak device 20 workbench Ship 21 Workbench 24 Workboat float inside ship 31 Built caisson 35 Gate 36 Gate float space 37 Gate hinge 38 Gate opening and closing device

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A breakwater device (1) having an opening (3) in a part of a cylindrical structure having a float structure, and a workboat (20) for building an underwater structure, wherein the opening is provided. (3) is brought into contact with the wall of the quay (B), and the wavebreak device (1) is installed;
An underwater structure building facility, wherein the workboat (20) is accommodated in an internal water area (19) of the wavebreaker (1). 2. An opening (3) is provided in a part of the periphery of a cylindrical shape in a float structure, and a gate (35) is attached to the opening (3) so as to be openable and closable , and a fixed cutting edge (1 ) is provided at a bottom.
0) and a workboat (20) for building an underwater structure, wherein the gate (35) has a flow
And openable and closable via hinges (37)
And provided above the wavebreaker (1).
The breaker (1) is installed at a position where the gate (35) does not interfere with the quay (B) and is connected to the open / close operating device (38). (19) The underwater structure building equipment, wherein the workboat (20) is housed in (19).