JPS6025712B2 - Double effect absorption chiller/heater - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an improvement in an absorption chiller/heater that can appropriately supply cold water for cooling and hot water for heating to the outside of the machine by using an absorption chiller. A dual-effect absorption water heater equipped with a multi-purpose cold soot concentration adjustment device that simplifies switching operations from heating to heating, reduces trouble during heating operation, and prevents crystal formation and melting of absorption liquid in low-temperature heat exchangers. The purpose is to obtain.

The present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. The double-effect absorption chiller/heater includes a high temperature generator 1, a low temperature generator 2, a condenser 3, an evaporator 4, an absorber 5, heat exchangers 6 and 7, and a water overflow device 8. The main components are: during cooling, by closing valves 9 and 9', elements other than water heater 8 are closed, and during heating, valve 1 is closed.
By closing ports 0, -10' and 10r, only the high temperature generator 1 and water heater 8 are operated.

That is, valves 9 and 9' are closed, and valves 10, 10', and 10 are closed.
'' is opened during cooling, high-temperature cold soot from the high-temperature generator 1 flows into the low-temperature generator 2 via the cold soot pipe 11, heats the intermediate concentration absorption liquid in the generator, and partially After being condensed, it flows into the condenser 3 via the low-temperature cold soot pipe 12. On the other hand, the intermediate concentration absorption liquid from which the refrigerant was separated by heating in the high-temperature generator 1 flows into the low-temperature generator 2 via the high-temperature heat exchanger 7. The refrigerant is further separated by being reheated as described above, and becomes a concentrated absorption liquid, which flows into the absorber 5 via the concentrated liquid pipe 13 and the low-temperature heat exchanger 6. On the other hand, the low-temperature cold soot pipe 12 and the low-temperature The refrigerant that has flowed into the condenser 3 from the generator 2 is sprayed into the evaporator 4, which cools the water flowing through the water cooler 14 in the evaporator and turns it into cold water for air conditioning. is vaporized and absorber 5
It is absorbed by the absorption liquid sprinkled inside.

The diluted absorption liquid that has absorbed cold soot passes through a low temperature heat exchanger 6 and a high temperature heat exchanger 7, and then flows back into the high temperature generator 1, forming a circuit. Note that during heating with the valves 9 and 9' open and the valves 10, 10', and 10'' closed, the overflowing cold soot heated and separated by the high temperature generator 1 flows into the heating pipe 15 in the water heater 8. A circuit is formed in which latent heat of condensation is applied, and the medium itself is liquefied and flows into the high temperature generator 1 again.

However, when such an absorption chiller/heater is actually operated, for example, during cooling, absorption liquid crystals may form on the concentrated liquid side of the low-temperature heat exchanger, inhibiting the refrigeration function, or during heating, absorption may occur. This tends to cause problems such as rapid corrosion of the wall surface of the generator due to the liquid and an abnormally high temperature of the liquid in the generator due to latent accumulation of liquid refrigerant in the neck.

In view of this, in the present invention, a multi-purpose concentration adjustment refrigerant tank 16 is attached to eliminate the above-mentioned problems and others, and to simplify the switching operation between air conditioning and heating. Discharge port 1 of tank 16 and cold soot pump 17
8, and a soot outlet 2 suitable for the gas phase part 19 of the high temperature generator.
0 and a soot supply pipe 23 having on-off valves 21 and 22, respectively.
, 24, and on-off valves 26, 27, 28 are connected between the evaporator 4, the low-temperature generator liner pipe 12, the concentrated liquid side 25 of the low-temperature heat exchanger, and the cold soot tank 16 for concentration adjustment. They are connected by cold soot pipes 29, 30, and 31.

In the absorption chiller/heater of the present invention having such a configuration, the amount of refrigeration to be filled into the absorption refrigeration cycle is increased by the volume of the cold soot tank 16.

Therefore, in order to store the refrigerant in the refrigerant tank 16, the valve 22,
27 and 28 are closed and valves 21 and 26 are opened to perform cooling operation, the liquid cooled soot is replenished into the tank 16 by the pump 17, and the surplus goes through the cold soot pipe 29 and the evaporator 4, and then is pumped back to the pump 1.
7 is inhaled. After confirming the overflow of liquid cooling to the evaporator 4 using the sight glass 32 attached to the evaporator 4, the valve 21 is closed, and then the valve 26 is closed. Since the refrigerant filled in excess in the refrigeration cycle can be separated and stored, the concentration of the absorption liquid becomes a concentration suitable for cooling operation, and the valves 21, 22,
With 26, 27, and 28 closed, normal cooling operation can be started and cold water can be supplied to the outside of the machine. Furthermore, when replenishing the tank 16 with liquid cooled soot, the amount of liquid refrigerant sent to the tank 16 by the liner pump 17 can also be adjusted by adjusting the time when the valve 21 is fully open. If you do this,
The concentration adjustment cold soot tank 16 can store a necessary amount of liquid cooled soot, and the concentration can be adjusted appropriately and easily without the cooling load being affected by external conditions such as cooling water temperature. In this case, the capacity of the tank 16 may be made larger than the amount of extra refrigerant. During such cooling operation, the concentrated liquid side 25 of the low temperature heat exchanger
When crystals of the absorption liquid occur (or when the probability of crystal formation increases), the valve 28 is opened, and then the valve 22 is opened. It is extruded and mixed into the concentrated absorption liquid to melt the crystals, or to reduce the concentration of the absorption liquid near the crystallization point to prevent the risk of crystal formation.

Conventional operations for such crystal melting require complicated operations by technicians with specialized knowledge in order to heat the heat exchanger externally or to replenish the liquid cooling butterfly externally if necessary. However, in the present invention, simply operating two valves does not cause any of these disadvantages. It has the same crystal melting function as the conventional method with simple operation.

Furthermore, although it is not enough to cause crystals of the absorption liquid, the concentration of the circulating absorption liquid increases due to the influence of external conditions, and the concentration and boiling temperature (saturation temperature) of the absorption liquid in the high temperature generator 1 become excessive. If it starts to rise, open valve 28 and then open valve 22.
When opened, the circulating absorption liquid is diluted by the liquid cooling butter from the tank 16, and the concentration and boiling temperature of the absorption liquid in the high temperature generator 1 are also lowered. Therefore, corrosion of the inner wall surface of the high temperature generator 1 due to the excessively heated absorption liquid is prevented. The operating temperature of the high-temperature generator in a dual-effect absorption refrigerator, in other words, the boiling temperature of the absorption liquid, is usually several tens of degrees higher than that of the generator in a single-effect absorption refrigerator. , when a lithium bromide aqueous solution is used as the absorption liquid], the inner wall surface of the high-temperature generator is in an environment where it is more likely to corrode than the inner wall surface of the generator of a single-effect absorption refrigerator. Therefore, it is necessary to suppress the excessive rise in the concentration and saturation temperature of the absorption liquid in the high-temperature generator and prevent the abnormal rise in the operating temperature of the high-temperature generator (absorption liquid boiling temperature).
It is particularly useful in dual effect absorption refrigerators. next,
Conventionally, when switching from cooling operation to heating operation, the soot vapor in the high temperature generator 1 flows into the refrigerant pipe 12 of the low temperature generator 2 and continues to condense in this pipe for a while after switching. However, in the present invention, the amount of cold soot vapor flowing into the water heater 8 was insufficient until the medium pipe 12 of the low-temperature generator 2 was filled with condensation cooling, and sufficient heating capacity could not be achieved. After closing the on-off valves 10, 10', and 10'' so that only the water heater 8 and generator 1 operate, the valve 27 is opened, and then, when the valve 22 is closed, the liquid in the cold soot tank is opened. The butterflies fill the medium pipe 12, and it becomes possible to immediately shift to heating operation, and the desired hot water can be taken out from the water heater 8 immediately after switching.

It is desirable to close the valves 22 and 27 after confirming through the sight glass of the low temperature generator that the cold butterfly is filled.

This is because cold soot that vaporizes during heating operation accumulates in the recesses of equipment and pipes that are not in operation, causing the liquid level in the high-temperature generator 1 to drop, or the absorption liquid concentration to rise, causing the temperature inside the generator to rise. This is to prevent the value from becoming abnormally high. In addition, since the concentration adjusting refrigerant tank 16 according to the present invention is installed at a higher position than any of the devices constituting the double-effect absorption refrigerator, when the liquid level in the generator drops abnormally, When the absorption liquid concentration rises too much, by opening the valves 27 and 22 and supplying liquid cooled soot, it is possible to easily adjust the concentration and prevent corrosion of the generator inner wall surface due to an abnormal rise in the boiling temperature of the absorption liquid. It is preventable. As described above, the concentration adjustment refrigerant tank of the present invention can control the absorption liquid concentration, which is always required during the operation of a dual-effect absorption water heater, prevent absorption liquid crystals, prevent corrosion of the inner wall surface of the high temperature generator, It is possible to achieve both objectives, such as shortening the time it takes to achieve the desired heating capacity after switching from cooling to heating. This is extremely meaningful in increasing the quality of life.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The figure is a circuit configuration diagram showing an embodiment of a dual-effect absorption chiller/heater having a device of the present invention. 1... High temperature generator, 2... Low temperature generator, 3... Condenser, 4... Evaporator, 5...
...Absorber, 6...Low temperature heat exchanger, 8.
... Water heater, 16 ... Cold soot tank for concentration adjustment, 17 ... Cold soot pump, 21, 22, 26, 27, 28
......Opening/closing valve, 23,24...Cold soot supply pipe, 29,30,31...Cold soot pipe.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Connect the high temperature generator, low temperature generator, condenser, evaporator, absorber, high temperature heat exchanger, and low temperature heat exchanger with piping, and
An absorption chiller/heater is equipped with a water heater so that cold water and hot water can be appropriately supplied outside the machine, and a refrigerant tank for concentration adjustment is attached to the absorption chiller/heater, which is located above any of its component equipment. and the refrigerant pump outlet and the refrigerant outlet of the high-temperature generator, respectively, are connected by refrigerant supply pipes each having an on-off valve, and the evaporator, the refrigerant pipe of the low-temperature generator, and the concentrated liquid side of the low-temperature heat exchanger are connected to the refrigerant tank. By connecting a refrigerant pipe with an on-off valve between the The crystals are melted by flowing the refrigerant directly into the heat exchanger, and when switching from cooling to heating, the liquid refrigerant in the refrigerant tank is filled into the refrigerant pipe of the low temperature generator, and the concentration of the absorption liquid in the high temperature generator is reduced. A dual-effect absorption chiller/heater that prevents the boiling temperature of the absorption liquid from becoming too high by preventing excessive rise.