JPS6025529B2 - Method for extracting dust from textile materials and apparatus for opening and cleaning textile materials - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a device for weaving and cleaning textile materials, and in particular to a device for removing dust from the same.

A number of opener-cleaners are known in which a number of beaters progressively open and clean the fibrous material by rotating the beaters with spikes or impellers projecting from their respective peripheral surfaces. It is to open it up and break it into pieces.

A series of grate rods placed below the beater provides a device by which materials such as cotton can be cleaned by the action of the beater against the grate rods. Impurities such as leaves, hard components and short fibers that cannot be spun are thus extracted and fall through the grate into the waste receiving compartment below the grate. Fine dust is also present in the material, and previous attempts to remove this dust have had little success. Fine dust did not have a significant effect on the quality of the yarn when spinning the yarn by traditional methods such as ring weaving. However, open-endsp
With the onset of new forms of weaving such as inning, fine dust can be detrimental to the quality of the yarn;
It is also possible that the formation of yarn in the spinning rotor is interrupted due to the accumulation of fine dust in the same rotor.
In addition, attention is currently being paid to the control of fine dust from textile machines since fine dust affects the health of workers. Already known cleaning and purifying devices, such as those shown in U.S. Pat. No. 2,844-7, include:
A construction of this type has been disclosed which has a large dust chamber above the beater together with a duct separated from the beater by a sieve plate.

A disadvantage of this construction is that it relies on a high degree of suction provided to a discharge duct located on the top wall of the chamber to lift dust and debris to waste. Such a construction reduces operating efficiency in that short fibers passing through the sieve plate may clump together in the air stream and not rise out of the chamber, thus creating a disturbance that prevents proper operation of the machine. is very low. U.S. Pat. No. 4,025 describes a similar construction of an opener and cleaner for fibrous materials, in which a dust chamber is provided over one layer of the beater, and a suction source is located at the top of the dust chamber. A lotus thread is connected to the outlet on the top wall.

Separate guide plates are arranged above each beater and are provided with perforations for extracting fine dust from the material being processed. These perforated guide plates do not form a continuous sieve plate to prevent scattering of the material to be treated upwardly into the dust chamber. This construction is disadvantageous in that under certain circumstances extraction of usable fibers with unusable fibers and dust passing through the suction outlet can occur. Additionally, it is difficult to properly separate dust from the fibers, and in some constructions very little dust is drawn through the outlet. It is an object of the present invention to provide an apparatus and method in which dust separated from fibers is effectively drawn out and disposed of as waste, and all fibers passing through a sieve plate are appropriately collected to avoid clogging of the sieve plate. .

According to the invention, therefore, the fibrous material is advanced in contact with a sieve plate having openings that allow the passage of dust which prevents the passage of usable fibers, and the air inlet and the sieve at the first side green of the sieve plate. An opening and cleaning device adapted to extract dust and fibers across the sieve plate by suction of air, which are removed by an air stream passing over the back side of the plate adjacent to the suction closure on the opposite side green of the plate. In a method for extracting dust from fibrous materials, the size of the air inlet and suction closure is adjusted to vary the strength of the airflow flowing over the back side of the sieve plate so that the material passing through the sieve plate is substantially free of dust. A method for extracting dust from a textile material is provided, characterized in that it ensures that it does not contain a large amount of usable fibers.

Further, according to the present invention, a plurality of beaters each having a horizontal axis located on a plane oblique to the horizontal plane and a material subjected to the action of the beaters during use come into contact with the opposing surface of the sieve plate to remove dust and waste. Dust and unusable fibers are removed by airflow flowing along the entire surface of the sieve plate located adjacent to the beater and opposite the opposing surface to assist in separating unusable short fibers from usable fiber material. a mesh sieve plate adapted to remove the short fibers of the sieve plate, and a sealed housing covering an opposite surface of the sieve plate, the sealed housing having a sieve plate adjacent one edge of the opposite surface of the sieve plate. In an apparatus for opening and cleaning textile materials, the suction device and the air inlet are arranged adjacent to the other side of the opposite surface of the sieve plate. The size of the gate is such that the air inlet balances the air flow along the surface of the sieve plate with the air conditions in the beater chamber to properly remove dust, unusable short fibers and heavy debris from the textile material. A device for opening and cleaning fibrous materials is provided, the device being configured to have an adjustable thickness.

The advantage afforded by the features of the invention is that dust and any unusable fibers separated from the material being treated are properly extracted in a controlled manner from the device.

This means that along the sieve plate (parallel to the same sieve plate)
The flowing suction air stream is controlled to balance the air conditions in the chamber to be opened and cleaned so that the usable fibers are not sucked through the sieve plate and the unusable short fibers passed through the same sieve plate. and by ensuring that only fine dust passes through the sieve plate and is carried away in the air stream and disposed of. An embodiment of the invention will now be described in more detail, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: FIG.

With reference to the accompanying drawings, the device shown is a multi-stage opener and cleaner having a frame 1 with compartments 2 containing a number of beaters 3 and 3a with spikes 4 around each.

A lower grate 5 is mounted adjacent to the beaters 3 and 3a, and a baffle plate 6 with an angled portion 7 is arranged above and in the beaters 3 and 3a. . An inlet opening □9 is provided in the compartment 2 for conveying material for processing, and an outlet is also provided at 10 and 10a for discharging the processed material.

A suitable device (
(not shown) is used. An outlet 10a is provided for extracting the material by means of a pneumatic device, and an outlet 10a can conveniently be used to drop the material onto a conveyor (not shown). A waste collection chamber 11 is arranged below the lower grate 5 to collect the waste extracted from the material during processing. The devices described above are conventional and have been in use for many years. In the improved device of the invention, the compartment 2 has a sieve plate 8 mounted in parallel relation to the plane containing the axes of the beaters 3 and 3a.

A sieve plate 8, which may be made of a single lamella or of a plurality of individual laminas in edge-to-edge relationship, substantially covers the inclined longitudinal top side of the compartment 2. There is. The sieve plate 8 is made of sheet metal provided with round holes 18. An example of such eye size and density is shown in actual size in FIG. In this example, there are approximately 6.9 3/32 inch diameter holes within one square centimeter (42 within one square inch). This example is suitable for a variety of materials, such as 1.587
mm (1/16 inch) to 6.35 mm (1'4 inch) diameter and about 1.4 to 15.5 mm
per square centimeter (9 to 10 fixed inches)
Sieve plates with openings of various diameters and/or densities, such as sieve plates, can be used to process difficult materials and to extract the necessary 100% dust and unusable short fibers. . Screen plates with various shaped holes may be used, and self-cleaning sieve plates with shaped holes to prevent clogging can also be used. The cover 12 constituting the sealed housing is the sieve plate 8
It is placed directly above the board and surrounds it. The shroud 12 is made of fabricated sheet metal, is substantially rectangular, has an open bottom, and has a tapered portion at each end toward the bottom. These tapered sections help direct airflow into the shroud. An air inlet gateway 13 is provided and extends over the entire width of the shroud 12 and cooperates with a sliding damper 14 to provide an adjustable height barrier 13 (an enlarged view of this damper structure is shown in FIG. 2). ).
At the opposite end of the shroud 12 an air and dust extraction outlet 15 is provided, which is also rectangular and spans the entire width of the shroud 12. A damper 16 that can also slide on this air outlet
is provided as shown in FIG. 2 to allow adjustment of the height of the outlet. The closure 13 and the outlet 15 are both delimited along one side by a sieve plate 8. A device for removing dust entrained air is provided by a suction outlet 17 connected by suitable piping (not shown) to an air extraction device (not shown). Inspection openings (not shown) with transparent covers are provided on each side of the shroud 12 which may be removed for access for cleaning. These inspection openings facilitate observing the air conditions in the cover 12 during machine operation (by shining light through the ports). Damper 14 in cover 12
By adjusting and 16, the desired air condition can be obtained. In operation, the material to be treated is fed into the device through the inlet gate 9 and the material is beaten and opened by a beater 3a having eight beaters 4.

The same material is broken up and centrifugally applied to the lower grid 5.
and is struck against the sieve plate 8. The heavy waste falls into the waste collection chamber 11, and the fine dust enters the cover 12 through the sieve plate 8. The material is then passed to a beater 3 which has four spikes 4 and is in the ascending line to further open and clean the material. Each beater has a number of spikes that beat and weave the material apart so that debris and fine dust are liberated when the beater is rotated. Baffles 6 serve to accommodate the material within each individual beater during processing, and curved portions 7 aid in the orientation of the material. As the material is advanced upwardly along the substantially inclined path, heavy debris is extracted by the action of the beaters, which beat the material against the lower grate by centrifugal force. As the fine dust present in the material passes through the sieve plate 8 and into the shroud 12, it is deflected downwardly by a controlled air flow passing over the sieve plate.

This air flow is created by an external air extractor (not shown) which draws air through the suction outlet 17'. The submersible dampers 14 and 16 control the opening size of the inlet gateway 13 and the outlet 15, so that by adjusting both dampers 14 and 16 a controlled air flow is obtained. The entire air stream is drawn along the sieve plate 8 substantially parallel to the same. With reference to the accompanying drawings, it becomes clear that the fine dust passing through the sieve plate 8 is deflected downwards towards the outlet 15 and is then sucked out through the suction outlet 17. When the short fibers pass through the sieve plate 8 together with the fine dust, they have a mirror direction in which they collect and roll down the inclined passages covering the sieve plate 8 to the outlet 15 and are sucked out through the suction outlet 17. The shroud 12, which has a low, typically 12 inch, height compared to the compartment 2, prevents fine dust and Designed to provide the convenience of balancing the extraction of unusable short fibers.

If an excess amount of air is guided through the sieve plate by the influence of a controlled air flow, this air will prevent the heavy waste from falling under its own weight through the lower grate 5 and dispose of the same. It is possible to reversely raise the material. By observing the conditions within the envelope 12 through the inspection gateway, the dampers 14 and 16 can be adjusted to provide whatever extraction conditions are desired to avoid the above situation from occurring. Although shown applied to a multi-stage cleaner, the cover 1 including the inlet gate 13 and outlet 15 and the sieve plate 8
2 can be applied to any other device that has a beater and that liberates dust from the fiber material.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal section of the opener and cleaner for fibers; FIG. 2 is an enlarged side view showing details of the air inlet and damper of the apparatus of FIG. 1; and FIG. 3 is an illustration of the hole size used. It is a partial view of a sieve plate which shows an example. 3,3a..."Beater 8..."Sieve plate", 15
..."Dust extraction outlet", 16..."Slipperable damper 17..."Suction outlet", 18...
``Meyama F so 63 F so G-7, F no G.Z.'' on the sieving board.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A plurality of beaters 3, 3a having horizontal axes located on planes inclined with respect to the horizontal plane, and a material that is subjected to the action of the beaters during use comes into contact with the opposing surface of the sieve plate and collects dust. and dust and debris by an air stream flowing along the entire surface of the sieve plate located adjacent to the beater and opposite said opposing surface to assist in separating unusable short fibers from usable fibrous material. It has a meshed sieve plate 8 adapted to remove unusable short fibers and a sealed housing 12 covering the opposite surface of the sieve plate, the sealed housing having one side of the opposite surface of the sieve plate. The fiber material is opened with suction devices 15, 16, 17 arranged adjacent to the edges and air inlets 13, 14 arranged adjacent to the other edge of the opposite surface of the sieve plate. And in the device for cleaning, the suction device 15 and the air inlet 13 balance the air flow flowing along the surface of the sieve plate with the air conditions in the beater chamber to remove dust, unusable short fibers and heavy debris. 1. An apparatus for opening and cleaning fibrous material, characterized in that the size of the opening is adjustable so as to properly remove fibrous material from the fibrous material. 2. A device according to claim 1, in which the hermetic housing has a suction cover 12 arranged on the sieve plate 8 opposite the beaters 3, 3a and tapered at the end part; an apparatus for opening and cleaning fibrous materials, wherein the apparatus assists in directing and maintaining airflow within said shroud 12. 3. In the device according to claim 2, an inspection opening is provided in the suction cover 12 to observe the condition therein and assist in setting the appropriate size of the suction opening 15 and the air inlet 13 of the suction device. Apparatus for opening and cleaning fibrous materials. 4. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the sieve plate is inclined with respect to a horizontal plane, and the suction device is an opening parallel to the lower edge of the sieve plate. Apparatus for opening and cleaning fibrous materials having 5. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the suction device spreads the fiber material extending over the entire length of the one edge of the sieve plate. and equipment for cleaning. 6. A device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein an air inlet extends adjacent to said opposite surface of the sieve plate and parallel to said other edge of the sieve plate. Apparatus for opening and cleaning fibrous materials having openings for opening and cleaning fiber materials. 7. An apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that the air inlet is adjacent to the opposite surface of the sieve plate and extends along the entire length of said other edge of the sieve plate. and equipment for cleaning. 8. A device according to claim 4 or 6, in which the adjustment of the size of the suction opening and the air inlet can extend along the entire length of the suction opening and be movable transversely thereto. Device for opening and cleaning fiber material by means of a damper 16 and a further damper 14 extending along the entire length of the air inlet opening and adjustable parallel thereto. 9. A device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the sieve plate is inclined with respect to the horizontal plane, and the sealing housing is arranged on said opposite side of the sieve plate. The fiber material is opened and cleaned with a cover 12 located above and arranged approximately parallel to the sieve plate, between which parallel cover and the sieve plate an air inlet and a suction device pass an air flow. equipment for 10. Apparatus for opening and cleaning fibrous materials according to claim 9, wherein the cover has a tapered end portion for guiding the air flow. 11 Any one of claims 1 to 10
In the apparatus described in
Apparatus for opening and cleaning fibrous materials having eyes with a cross-sectional area of the order of 50 millimeters (1/16 to 1/4 inch). 12 Any one of claims 1 to 11
In the apparatus described in 1., the sieve plate opens and cleans a fiber material having a number of meshes of about 1.4 to 15.6 per square centimeter (9 to 100 per square inch). equipment for 13 advancing the fibrous material in contact with a sieve plate having openings that permit the passage of dust which prevents the passage of usable fibers, and an air inlet at a first edge of the sieve plate and the opposite edge of the sieve plate; Dust and fibers are removed by an air flow passing over the back side of the sieve plate adjacent to the suction openings in the opening and cleaning device, in which the dust and fibers are extracted across the sieve plate by suction of air. In the method of extraction from the material, the size of the air inlet and suction openings are adjusted to vary the strength of the air flow over the back side of the sieve plate, so that the material passing through the sieve plate is substantially dust-free and usable. A method for extracting dust from a fibrous material, characterized in that it ensures that it does not contain much fiber. 14. A method according to claim 13, in which the fibrous material is continuously fed to a row of parallel beaters located adjacent to the sieve plate and opened in each of said beaters and freed of both dust and debris. A method for extracting dust from textile materials, in which dust is removed and the removed dust is passed through a sieve plate under control that depends on the size of the air inlets and suction openings.