JPS60213895A - 陽イオン交換樹脂及び／又は陰イオン交換樹脂より成る放射性廃棄物のビチユーメン処理法 - Google Patents
陽イオン交換樹脂及び／又は陰イオン交換樹脂より成る放射性廃棄物のビチユーメン処理法Info
- Publication number
- JPS60213895A JPS60213895A JP60056257A JP5625785A JPS60213895A JP S60213895 A JPS60213895 A JP S60213895A JP 60056257 A JP60056257 A JP 60056257A JP 5625785 A JP5625785 A JP 5625785A JP S60213895 A JPS60213895 A JP S60213895A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- resin
- exchange resin
- water
- resins
- coating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 26
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 title claims description 25
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 17
- 239000003957 anion exchange resin Substances 0.000 title claims description 13
- 239000003729 cation exchange resin Substances 0.000 title claims description 11
- 239000002901 radioactive waste Substances 0.000 title claims description 11
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 74
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 74
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 64
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- IWOUKMZUPDVPGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium nitrate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O IWOUKMZUPDVPGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- ITHZDDVSAWDQPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium acetate Chemical compound [Ba+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O ITHZDDVSAWDQPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940023913 cation exchange resins Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 159000000009 barium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004675 formic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 39
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 34
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 15
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001429 chelating resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 2
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium nitrate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010908 decantation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010414 supernatant solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- FGRBYDKOBBBPOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10,10-dioxo-2-[4-(N-phenylanilino)phenyl]thioxanthen-9-one Chemical compound O=C1c2ccccc2S(=O)(=O)c2ccc(cc12)-c1ccc(cc1)N(c1ccccc1)c1ccccc1 FGRBYDKOBBBPOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O ammonium group Chemical group [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- WDIHJSXYQDMJHN-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ba+2] WDIHJSXYQDMJHN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001626 barium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001422 barium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000975 co-precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005678 ethenylene group Chemical group [H]C([*:1])=C([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- -1 formate anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003100 immobilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005070 ripening Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005185 salting out Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001427 strontium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/04—Treating liquids
- G21F9/06—Processing
- G21F9/12—Processing by absorption; by adsorption; by ion-exchange
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/28—Treating solids
- G21F9/30—Processing
- G21F9/301—Processing by fixation in stable solid media
- G21F9/307—Processing by fixation in stable solid media in polymeric matrix, e.g. resins, tars
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/04—Treating liquids
- G21F9/06—Processing
- G21F9/16—Processing by fixation in stable solid media
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/28—Treating solids
- G21F9/30—Processing
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Treatment Of Water By Ion Exchange (AREA)
- Working-Up Tar And Pitch (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8404390 | 1984-03-21 | ||
| FR8404390A FR2561812B1 (fr) | 1984-03-21 | 1984-03-21 | Procede de bitumage de dechets radioactifs constitues par des resines echangeuses de cations et/ou par des resines echangeuses d'anions |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS60213895A true JPS60213895A (ja) | 1985-10-26 |
| JPH0360399B2 JPH0360399B2 (https=) | 1991-09-13 |
Family
ID=9302303
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60056257A Granted JPS60213895A (ja) | 1984-03-21 | 1985-03-20 | 陽イオン交換樹脂及び／又は陰イオン交換樹脂より成る放射性廃棄物のビチユーメン処理法 |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4663086A (https=) |
| EP (1) | EP0157683B1 (https=) |
| JP (1) | JPS60213895A (https=) |
| KR (1) | KR940000023B1 (https=) |
| CA (1) | CA1266768A (https=) |
| DE (1) | DE3578358D1 (https=) |
| FR (1) | FR2561812B1 (https=) |
| ZA (1) | ZA851746B (https=) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011069753A (ja) * | 2009-09-28 | 2011-04-07 | Hitachi-Ge Nuclear Energy Ltd | 使用済樹脂の固型化処理システム及び固型化処理方法 |
| JP2015064334A (ja) * | 2013-06-21 | 2015-04-09 | 日立Ｇｅニュークリア・エナジー株式会社 | 放射性有機廃棄物の処理方法及び処理システム |
Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SE449183B (sv) * | 1985-08-30 | 1987-04-13 | Hoglund Lars Olov | Sett att framstella ett alster av fast bitumen med inbeddad eller inkapslad korn- och/eller pulverformig jonbytarmassa och anvendning av settet for langtidslagring av radioaktivt avfall |
| JPS63145997A (ja) * | 1986-07-04 | 1988-06-18 | 株式会社荏原製作所 | 放射性廃棄物の固化方法 |
| FR2615315B1 (fr) * | 1987-05-15 | 1989-08-25 | Sgn Soc Gen Tech Nouvelle | Procede d'immobilisation de resines echangeuses d'ions radioactives, par un liant hydraulique |
| US5143653A (en) * | 1987-05-15 | 1992-09-01 | Societe Anonyme: Societe Generale Pour Les Techniques Nouvelles-Sgn | Process for immobilizing radioactive ion exchange resins by a hydraulic binder |
| NO172967C (no) * | 1987-11-06 | 1993-10-06 | Rohm & Haas | Fremgangsmaate til innkapsling eller til aa bringe i fast tilstand et produkt som omfatter en stort sett kontinuerligvandig fase og loeste eller suspenderte stoffer |
| FR2624769B1 (fr) * | 1987-12-16 | 1991-04-19 | Sgn Soc Gen Tech Nouvelle | Procede d'immobilisation de resines echangeuses d'ions provenant des circuits secondaires des reacteurs nucleaires a eau pressurisee et des reacteurs graphite-gaz |
| FR2624768B1 (fr) * | 1987-12-16 | 1992-03-13 | Sgn Soc Gen Tech Nouvelle | Procede d'immobilisation de resines echangeuses d'ions provenant des centres de retraitement des produits radioactifs |
| IT1264267B1 (it) * | 1993-11-12 | 1996-09-23 | Alessio Bianchi | Metodo ed impianto per rendere inerti i rifiuti solidi e per il loro successivo stoccaggio definitivo. |
| US20060037913A1 (en) * | 2004-08-20 | 2006-02-23 | Resintech Incorporated | Modified anion exchange materials with metal inside the materials, method of making same and method of removing and recovering metals from solutions |
| DE102009006518A1 (de) * | 2009-01-28 | 2010-09-16 | Areva Np Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Behandlung eines Ionenaustauscherharzes |
| US20100247415A1 (en) * | 2009-03-26 | 2010-09-30 | Michael C Gottlieb | Method of Removing and Recovering Silica Using Modified Ion Exchange Materials |
| FR2957710B1 (fr) | 2010-03-19 | 2012-05-11 | Onectra | Procede de conditionnement de dechets radioactifs, notamment de resines echangeuses d'ions |
| ES2602481T3 (es) | 2010-07-01 | 2017-02-21 | Janssen Pharmaceutica, N.V. | Combinaciones antimicrobianas de compuestos de piriona con polietileniminas |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1188396A (en) * | 1967-12-11 | 1970-04-15 | Belge Pour L Ind Nucleaire S A | Treatment of Radioactive Liquids |
| US4204974A (en) * | 1975-07-15 | 1980-05-27 | Kraftwerk Union Aktiengesellschaft | Method for removing radioactive plastic wastes and apparatus therefor |
| DE2628286C2 (de) * | 1976-06-24 | 1986-04-10 | Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh, 7500 Karlsruhe | Verfahren zur Verbesserung der Auslaugbeständigkeit von Bitumenverfestigungsprodukten radioaktiver Stoffe |
| FR2361724A1 (fr) * | 1976-08-12 | 1978-03-10 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Procede de stockage de resines echangeuses d'ions contaminees |
| JPS5614195A (en) * | 1979-07-17 | 1981-02-10 | Japan Gasoline | Method of improving waterrresistance of radioactive waste asphalttsolidified body |
| SE420249B (sv) * | 1980-01-31 | 1981-09-21 | Asea Atom Ab | Sett for behandling av en i en reningskrets i en kernreaktoranleggning anvend organisk jonbytarmassa |
| IT1195040B (it) * | 1981-05-11 | 1988-09-28 | Snial Resine Poliestere Spa Ca | Composizioni di materia contenenti materiale radioattivo a base di resine scambiatrici di ioni |
| US4530723A (en) * | 1983-03-07 | 1985-07-23 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Encapsulation of ion exchange resins |
| SE8304278L (sv) * | 1983-08-04 | 1985-02-05 | Studsvik Energiteknik Ab | Forfarande for behandling av anvend, radioaktiv, organisk jonbytarmassa |
-
1984
- 1984-03-21 FR FR8404390A patent/FR2561812B1/fr not_active Expired
-
1985
- 1985-03-06 US US06/708,681 patent/US4663086A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1985-03-08 ZA ZA851746A patent/ZA851746B/xx unknown
- 1985-03-14 EP EP85400496A patent/EP0157683B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1985-03-14 DE DE8585400496T patent/DE3578358D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1985-03-20 JP JP60056257A patent/JPS60213895A/ja active Granted
- 1985-03-21 KR KR1019850001863A patent/KR940000023B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1985-03-21 CA CA000477105A patent/CA1266768A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011069753A (ja) * | 2009-09-28 | 2011-04-07 | Hitachi-Ge Nuclear Energy Ltd | 使用済樹脂の固型化処理システム及び固型化処理方法 |
| JP2015064334A (ja) * | 2013-06-21 | 2015-04-09 | 日立Ｇｅニュークリア・エナジー株式会社 | 放射性有機廃棄物の処理方法及び処理システム |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0157683B1 (fr) | 1990-06-20 |
| CA1266768A (en) | 1990-03-20 |
| KR850006886A (ko) | 1985-10-21 |
| FR2561812B1 (fr) | 1989-02-17 |
| FR2561812A1 (fr) | 1985-09-27 |
| EP0157683A1 (fr) | 1985-10-09 |
| ZA851746B (en) | 1985-11-27 |
| US4663086A (en) | 1987-05-05 |
| JPH0360399B2 (https=) | 1991-09-13 |
| KR940000023B1 (ko) | 1994-01-05 |
| DE3578358D1 (de) | 1990-07-26 |
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