JPS601B2 - rotating halo - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention has a plurality of rotors arranged in rows and provided with a soil cultivating tool extending downward, and the driving means for rotating the rotors about an axis extending upward is substantially Also involved is a rotating harrow including a common horizontally extending drive shaft and a gearbox for each of the rotors, the rotors being resiliently pivotable about the drive shaft.

A device of this type is known from US Pat. No. 1,198,589, in which the rotor and drive shaft are
It is supported exclusively by the end of the shaft. As a result, very strong reaction forces are applied to the rotor shaft and the drive shaft during operation, the drive shaft and the individual rotor supports are susceptible to damage, and the common drive shaft is prone to deformation. Also, the tilted position of the rotor in conventional equipment causes irregular operations on the soil when creating seedbeds. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a rotating harrow that overcomes the above-mentioned drawbacks, and therefore, according to the present invention, the gear box is guided by a fixed support supporting a drive shaft, and the gear box is guided by a fixed support supporting the drive shaft. are secured to the downwardly extending foot of the substantially horizontally extending channel beam, these supports together forming a lateral support structure for the rotor, and supporting the springs on the supports. It is an object of the present invention to provide a rotary harrow characterized in that the rotary harrow is held in a working position in which its axis of rotation is vertical by a spring.

Other features and advantages of the invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which show examples of embodiments. For the sake of brevity, the soil tillage implement or rotary harrow described below will be simply referred to as a rotary harrow throughout the description of this specification. The rotating harrow illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 3 has a main beam 1 which extends substantially horizontally across the objective direction of the working stroke of the harrow, indicated by reference numeral A in the drawings, and which normally extends vertically in the substantially horizontal direction. Includes a containing frame. The beam 1 has a thin cross-section and, as best seen in FIG. I am prepared. The free end of each wing has a correspondingly vertically outwardly curved rim 2, both of which are contained in a plane substantially parallel to the plane containing the base 3. The main frame beam constitutes a support for a plurality of relatively spaced cast iron housings (or supports) 4 which are removably secured to the rim 2 of the beam in sets by bolts 6. In the embodiment described, the cast iron housing 4 is
Each individual housing 4 has a generally rectangular cross section with rounded ends. Five housings 4 are arranged equidistantly between the ends of the main frame beam 1, and two cast iron housings (i.e. supports) 7 smaller than the housings are arranged at the ends of the main frame beam 1. Although the cross section is approximately the same as that of each housing 4, the length of each housing end is approximately half the length of each housing 4.

The drive shaft 9 is mounted by ball bearings 8 so as to extend immediately through the housings 4, 7 in a direction parallel to the lateral direction of the frame beam 1, i.e. normally substantially perpendicular to direction A and substantially horizontal. Rotatably supported.
Around the drive shaft 9 between the housing 4 or each adjacent pair of housings 4, 7, there are a plurality (six in the embodiment described) of connecting members l having a partially cylindrical shape.
o. The connecting member io has a seat portion 12 formed at the end of the housing 4, T, and a supporting member 1, so that the connecting member 10 is centered around the longitudinal axis a of the drive shaft 9 with respect to the housings 4, 7. It is rotatable. During assembly of the harrow, the housing 4? Step 7 slides the insert tethers 10 in the correct order onto the drive shaft 9 in a vertical direction, thus forming a lateral support structure for the rotor. The fluid sealing member 13 (FIG. 3) is disposed between the rim 11 and the housings 4, 7 and the seat member 2 of the connecting member 0, which is movable at a relatively large angle. A seat turtle 4 is provided at the rear with respect to direction A, and a flange group 6 of a corresponding gear box 15 is rotatably connected to the seat.
Corresponding thin half rings 1 fixed to the top and bottom of the
7, ]8 to hold it in place. Two fluid sealing members are arranged between each seat 14 and the corresponding flush 16 and half rings 17,18. Flange 6 is in direction A
This is a part of the cylindrical portion 21 of the gear box 15 that extends forward relative to the gear box 15. Each cylindrical portion 21' rotatably supports a corresponding substantially horizontal shaft 23 by a set of ball bearings 22, each shaft 23 being substantially parallel to direction A. Each shaft 23 carries within a corresponding gear box 15 a bevel pinion 24 whose teeth extend upwardly and which is attached to another bevel pinion 24 mounted on the upper end of the normally vertical or nearly vertical corresponding shaft 26. Engages with 25 teeth (
Figure 2). Each shaft 26 has a cylindrical section 28 extending downwardly into the corresponding gearbox 15 by means of upper and lower ball bearings 27.
rotatably mounted on. The top of each gear box 15 is closed off by a cover plate 29 which is inclined with respect to the horizontal and vertical such that the upper edge is more advanced in direction A than the lower edge. The tip of each shaft 23 in direction A is located inside the corresponding tether 10 and carries a bevel pinion 30 with teeth that engage with the teeth of a bevel pinion 31 fixed to the drive shaft 9 .

The top of each upper half-ring 11 is formed with a portion (FIG. 2) that bends backwards with respect to the direction A by a few degrees.
A corresponding pivot pin 33 extending parallel to the horizontal direction
It carries two upright protrusions 32 for receiving. Each pivot pin 33 has a sleeve 3 arranged between the corresponding coarse protrusions 32 and fixed vertically to the lowermost end of the corresponding rod 35.
4 in the direction of the ball. Each rod 35 is inclined upwardly and forwardly with respect to direction A from its corresponding sleeve 34 and is inserted into a hole 36 in a support bracket 37 fixed to the top of the main frame beam 1 by means of several bolts 6. Each support bracket 37 is mounted in direction A from the main frame beam 1.
It tilts upward and backward. Corresponding sleeve 3
The end of each rod 35 remote from 4 is threaded and
Two retaining rings 38 are attached to the rod, one ring proximate the corresponding sleeve 34 and the other ring on the distal side of the rod away from the sleeve. Two helical compression springs 39 of equal strength are mounted on each rod between the retaining ring 38 on the side of the corresponding sleeve 34 and the corresponding support bracket 37, and between said bracket 37 and another retaining ring 38. Surrounding 35. Said retaining ring 38 abuts a nut 40 which is adjustably mounted on the threaded end of the corresponding rod 35 and is provided with a cooperating retaining nut 41 so that the degree of initial compression of the two springs 39 can be increased or decreased as desired. . Similarly, each upper half ring 17 has a set of protrusions 42 that project parallel to the rear with respect to direction A.

The upper rear regions of each set of two protrusions 42 are formed with substantially vertically extending slots 43 into which corresponding headed pins 44 are inserted. Similarly, the pin 44 is located approximately centrally between the protrusions 42 in the corresponding gear box 15.
Bracket 45 attached to the top of cover plate 29 of
pass through the hole. Each pin 44 is secured to the projection 4 by a retaining ring 47 surrounding the distal end of the pin remote from the head of the pin.
A resilient "safety" pin 48, which is prevented from axially dislodging from ring 47 and bracket 45, and is of known construction, is inserted into the hole in ring 47 and pin 44 to complete the assembly.
Two helical compression springs 46 surround each pin 44 and are respectively located between the respective sides of the corresponding bracket 45 and the corresponding coarse protrusion 42 .

The end of each normally vertical or nearly vertical rotor shaft 26 protruding from below the bottom of the corresponding gear box section 28 is sliced and fitted with a corresponding tine or other tool support 6.
At the center of 0, it is iron-coupled with a hub 49 whose inside is grooved to correspond to the grooved portion at the end.

The lower section of each shaft 26 forms a threaded elongated shaft, and the corresponding hub 49 is held in place on the slotted section by a washer 51 and a tightening nut 52 cooperating with the threaded elongated shaft. As shown in FIG. 2, it is desirable to provide a split pin or the like to prevent the tightening nut 52 from loosening during operation of the rotating harrow. Each tine or other tool support 50' has two arms 6 slanting back outwardly and downwardly away from the corresponding hub 49.
3, and both ends of the arm carry corresponding cylindrical tines or other tool holders 54 arranged substantially vertically. In the embodiment described, each holder 54 receives an upper fastening part of a corresponding robust tine 56, which fastening part is located at the upper end of the corresponding holder 54. A threaded portion is provided for cooperating with the nut 55. The longitudinal axis of the holder 54 extends parallel or substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the corresponding shaft 26, and the holder 54 and the top of the arm 53, i.e. the corresponding shaft 2
6 is provided with a robust screen 50A on the front side in the intended direction of rotation to prevent the threaded portions of the nut 55 and tines 56 from being damaged by sharp stones or other possibly harmful obstacles that collide with the harrow during operation of the harrow. Each tine or other tool support 50 and its tine 56 or other tool collectively constitute a rotary tillage member (i.e., rotor) designated by the numeral 57. In the embodiment described, each tine 56 is rotated a few degrees rearwardly from the protected tine anchorage relative to the corresponding intended rotational operating direction (see arrows in FIGS. 1 and 3). The lower part of the slope has a tapered lower soil plowing section. In this way, the tines 56 can be said to "flap" to some extent with respect to the rotational direction. The direction is such that it rotates in the opposite direction to one or both adjacent members of a single row. Such a structure is obtained by placing a corresponding pinion 31 in place on the drive shaft 9. The central housing 4 of the row has a drive shaft 9
It includes a bevel pinion 58 secured to the.

The teeth of the bevel pinion 58 are in driving engagement with the teeth of another bevel pinion 59 carried by a short shaft 6 located behind the drive shaft 9 and extending substantially horizontally parallel to the direction A. do. Several bolts 19 are used to attach to the rear closure of the housing 4 a support 62 for a ball bearing 61, which rotatably supports the short shaft 60. Identical bolts 19 secure the rim of the cover 63 to the support 62 and the housing 4,
3 supports a second ball bearing 64 which similarly rotatably supports the short shaft 60. The short shaft 60 carries a straight or spur toothed pinion 65 between ball bearings 61 and 64, and the teeth of the pinion are rotatably attached to the cover 63 so as to extend parallel to the short shaft 60. A pinion 66 (first
It engages with the teeth shown in the figure. A shaft 67 projects forward from the front part of the cover 63 and provides power for an agricultural tractor or other drive machine (FIG. 1) via a telescoping transmission shaft 69 of known construction with universal joints 68 at both ends. It is cut or keyed to enable it to be placed in driving connection with the shaft. The projections TO' are fixedly attached to the top of the base 3 of the main frame beam 70' at equal intervals on either side of the midpoint of said beam, and each projection 70' is attached to the top of the beam 1.
It houses a corresponding pivot pin 71 which is substantially parallel to the horizontal direction and therefore normally substantially perpendicular to direction A.

Similarly, each pin 71G has two pins located on both sides of the protrusion 70.
It passes through the hole at the end of the book arm 72. Each arm 72 (
Fig. 2) The part of the thigh beam that extends forward and downward beyond the upper surface of the base 3, and the tip thereof and the chevron-shaped bent part are integrally connected and extend downward almost perpendicularly from the bent part. It has an extending portion. A short shaft 73 connects each set of two arms 72 at the lower end of its downward, generally vertical portion. Each short shaft 73 is surrounded by a corresponding sleeve 74 between the arms 72 of the set and one end of a rod 75 is fixed perpendicularly to each sleeve 74 at a longitudinal midpoint. Extending backward from 74 in direction A,
A number of bolts 6 are inserted into the holes of corresponding stop projections 76 fixed to the tip rim 2 of the frame beam tortoise so as to suspend downwardly from the rim 2. The rearmost ends of the rods 75 are threaded and carry an axially adjustable nut 77 and an adjacent washer 78. A helical compression spring 79 surrounds each rod 75 between the corresponding lug 6 and washer 78. Naturally, however, the initial compression of the spring can be increased or decreased by suitably adjusting the corresponding nut 77. Preferably, a cooperating tightening nut (not shown) is used with the arm. The lowermost ends of all four of the beams 72 are fixed to the top of a hollow beam 80 which extends generally parallel to the main frame beam, with the top surface of the hollow beam being contained in a generally horizontal plane.

The front part of the top surface of the beam 80 in the direction A is curved downward so as to merge with the upper edge of the cylindrical curved part extending downward and rearward in the direction A. The lower edge of the section is arranged substantially horizontally and is substantially vertically aligned with the drive shaft 9. The trailing edge of the top surface of the beam 80 is connected to the trailing edge of the cylindrically curved portion of the beam by upper and lower flattened portions interconnected and integrated by a chevron curve, in which case the upper The angle at which the fan flat part is inclined with respect to the horizontal line is smaller than that of the lower fan flat part.The beam 80 coincides with the junction between the cylindrical curved part and the lower central part.
The lowest last green of is positioned immediately forward with respect to the direction A of the circular path followed by the tines 56 of the soil tillage member 57 during its rotation. During operation of the rotating harrow, the beam 80 tends to move downwardly any stones etc. it encounters.
The beam protects to a very high degree the soil tillage elements 57 which immediately follow it in direction A. Stones or other obstacles may interfere with the beam 80 and at least one soil tillage member 57.
If the beam 80 is momentarily caught between the two, the beam 80 becomes a compression spring? 9 and deflects forward about an axis defined by pivot pin 1 to release stones or other obstructions. Spring 79 then immediately returns beam 80 to its undeflected position as shown in FIG. In addition to the above-mentioned functions, the L-beam 80 serves to level the soil surface and in certain conditions can partially support the harrow above the ground. The ends of the main frame beam are closed off by substantially vertical sector plates 81 extending substantially parallel to direction A.

An arm 82 (not shown in FIG. 2) is pivotable upwardly and downwardly beside the sector plate 81 about a substantially horizontal parallax of a solid pivot fixed to the sector plate 81. be. An arm 82 extends rearwardly beyond the sector plate 81 in direction A and is provided with substantially parallel bearings at its rear end and carries a support member in the form of an open ground roller 83. Rotatably attached to the bearing. A rotatable support member formed by rollers 83 is connected to a central tubular support plate 84.
and a plurality of, for example seven, substantially vertical support plates 85.
are fixed to the support at regular intervals in the longitudinal direction of the support, and the periphery of the support plate is generally parallel to the support 84 while being wound somewhat spirally around the support 84. They are interconnected by a plurality of regularly spaced elongate elements 86 inserted into elongated holes formed in the support plate 85. The elongated element 86, preferably a rod having a circular cross-section, is inserted into a hole in the periphery of the support plate 85 at a distance sufficient to allow the element 86 to be moved relative to the support plate 85. The trailing edge of each sector plate 81 in direction A is curved and forms a row of holes on the side of the edge, each six extending from the pivot connection of the arm 82 to the plate 8.
1 will be interviewed at equal intervals. The arm 82 is formed with a single hole alignable with a selected row of holes in the sector plate 81 and a horizontal bolt 87 is inserted into the single hole and the selected row of holes in the sector plate 81. The arm 82 is held at a corresponding angular setting around the pivoting joint between the sector plate 81 and the arm 82. The selected angular setting sets the level of the axis of rotation of the ground roller 83 relative to the level of the ground part of the rotating harrow. It can be seen that this is the main factor in determining the depth at which the tines 56 of the soil tilling member 57 penetrate into the ground during operation of the harrow. provides a generally triangular connecting member or supporting leg 38, which is generally triangular at the rear of an agricultural tractor or other drive machine in a manner known per se, as shown schematically in FIG. Constructed and arranged to couple with a lifting device or lifting device. During use of the rotary harrow described with reference to FIGS. A rotary input shaft 67 is connected to a three-point lifting or pulling device at the rear of the tractor or other drive, and a rotary input shaft 67 is in driving connection with a power take-off shaft of the tractor or other drive by an intermediate telescoping transmission shaft 69 and a universal joint 68. position.

The level of the axis of rotation of the rollers 83 relative to the level of the ground part of the harrow is preset as desired by bolts 87 depending on the nature and condition of the soil to be tilled. When the harrow passes over the soil to be tilled, its tillage members 571 are rotated by the drive transmission section described, and each member 5
Each of the seven vines cultivates a strip of land, the dimensions of which are ``actually, each strip of land overlaps exactly with the other to form one wide sheet of plowed soil. The dimensions of the soil tillage members 57 are such that the width of each strip of soil tilled by one of the members is from approximately 30 to approximately 40 degrees. In addition, the roller 83 gently coalesces the soil crushed by the member 57 immediately in front of it and crushes any lumps of soil that have not been sufficiently crushed by the tines 56 and have been pushed up to their surface. Obstacles such as stones encountered during the progressing work are likely to be pushed into the soil by the beam 80, so the risk of damage to the drive transmission part to the soil tillage member 57 and the fixed part of the tines 56 is minimized. If a downwardly moving stone or the like still comes into contact with the tines 56, the corresponding or each soil tilling member 57 can be deflected around one or both of the two mutually perpendicular lines; This eliminates damage and ensures immediate removal or release of the obstruction.The rut line is formed between the bag line a of the drive shaft 9 and the relatively perpendicular shaft 23 corresponding to each soil tilling member 57. The deflection of each connecting member 10 as a whole, which cooperates with the corresponding gear box 15 and tillage member 57, depends on the action of one or the other of the springs 39 of the corresponding set. 2 about the axis a of the drive shaft 9, in which case the spring 39 tends to hold each assembly in the central equilibrium position shown in FIG.
The angular movement of the corresponding soil cultivating member 57 is caused by the movement of the corresponding connecting member 10 about the bag line b of the corresponding shaft 23 against the action of one or the other of the corresponding strings 46.
It is possible to implement In this case, too, the two springs 46 of each set are connected to the corresponding dowel line b as shown in particular in the lower part of FIG.
Assembly (15 no. 5) corresponding to the central equilibrium position centered on
7) I have a tendency to hold on to things. The springs 39 and/or 46 are
Once stones or other obstructions have been removed or moved, there is a tendency to almost immediately return each tilling member 57 to an undeflected position relative to the main frame beam 1. Thus, the effective working of the harrow is extremely 4 to 15 show only a portion of the rotating harrow; all parts not shown or described are similar to those of the harrow of FIGS. 1 to 3. are similar or equivalent to corresponding parts of, and some such similar or equivalent parts are designated in Figures 4 to 15 by the same numbers as used in Figures 1 to 3. This applies in particular to the rotatable support member formed by the uncoated grounding roller 83. Each rotating harrow of FIGS. 4 to 15 comprises a rotatable support member, the rotatable support member being It is similar or equivalent to the roller 83 shown and described in FIG. 1.FIG. The figure shows a structure that extends across the area.

However, in this case the beam 89 has a substantially vertically arranged base 90 and substantially horizontal wings projecting rearwardly from the upper and lower edges of the base. The free greens of the wings curve upwardly and downwardly. and forms a rim 91 which is spaced rearwardly from the basic plane of the base 90 and which is encompassed by a plane parallel and substantially perpendicular to said plane. almost vertical board 9
2 with bolts 93. Bolts 93 secure the aforementioned housing 4 to plate 92 and beam 89 by means of a set of protrusions 94. A connecting member 95 corresponding to the aforementioned connecting portion 101 is arranged between the housings 4 and between the housings 4 and 7, and holds the gear box 15 and the soil tilling member 57 permanently. However, in this embodiment, the flange 6 of the cylindrical part 21 of the gear box 15 is
6 is firmly and releasably secured to the tether 95. The top of each tether 95 carries a pair of upright projections 97 with the ends of a corresponding pivot pin 98 connected generally parallel to the lateral axis of the main frame beam 89. It has an axis. Each pivot pin 98 is surrounded by a corresponding sleeve 99 between two projections 97, and one end of the rod 100 is fixed perpendicularly to the sleeve 99 approximately midway along its length. Each rod 100 is inserted into a hole in a support bracket 101 that projects upwardly and rearwardly in direction A from the main frame beam 89, and in this case the bracket is fixed to the frame beam by a number of bolts 931. A retaining ring 802 surrounds each rod mat 00 on both ends thereof, and compression coil springs 103 of equal strength are connected between both sides of the corresponding bracket 101 and the bushing surfaces of the two retaining rings 102, respectively. enclosing the rod 100.The retaining ring IQ which is farthest from each sleeve 99 and its retaining nut 41
The nut 40' attached to the threaded free end of each rod member QO is threaded. Naturally, the initial compression of the two springs 103 can be increased or decreased as desired by adjusting the nut 40 axially along the corresponding threading of the rod 100. A horizontal pivot pin 104 having a rattan line parallel to the lateral length of the main frame beam 89 connects with a protrusion projecting forward from the front face of the base 90 of the beam 89 and extends downwardly from the pin 104. An arm 105 is rotatably attached to the pin. The lowermost ends of the arms 105 are rigidly interconnected by a hollow beam i06 extending generally parallel to the main frame beam 89, which beam 86 is fundamentally the same in form and function as the hollow beam 80 previously described; beam 8
The rear part in direction A of 6 is not formed by two fan flat parts interconnected together by a chevron dovetail, but by a single obliquely arranged circular flat part. They differ only in one respect. Pivot pin 1
07 is connected to the arm 105 by a sleeve surrounding the pin.
is connected to a rod 108 which is inserted into a hole in a bracket 109 secured to the lower rim 91 of the main frame beam 89 by a number of lower bolts 93. A compression coil spring 111 surrounds the rod 108 and a washer 1 surrounds the rod 108 as does the rear surface of the bracket 109.
It is located between the front face of 10. Washer 110 abuts an axially adjustable nut along the threaded rear end of rod 108, which nut is used with a cooperating lock nut as shown in FIG. In this example, the hollow beam 1
A band plate 11 is attached to the leading edge of the arm 105 immediately above the arm 105.
2 is fixed, and the strip 112 assumes an oblique position with respect to both the horizon and the vertical, so that its upper edge is more advanced in direction A than the lower green, and its lower edge is aligned with the beam 106. come into contact with. The operation of the rotary harrow of FIG. 4 is similar to the operation of the harrow already described with reference to FIGS. 1-3, except that in the embodiment of FIG. 103
deflectable only upwardly and downwardly about a single axis a of the drive shaft 9 against resistance of one or the other of .

5 and 6 show a housing 114 having a longer length in the axial direction (direction parallel to bag line a) than the housing 4 described above.
A rotating halo with a structure shown in FIG.

The housing 114 is connected to the main frame beam 1 of the halo by a corresponding set of projections 5; alternatively, a tether 115 is arranged between the housings in a similar manner to the tether 10. Each connecting member 1 for direction A
The rear part of 15 is attached to the tip of the cylindrical part 118 of the corresponding gear box 15, which is rotatably connected thereto by bolts 116 and flanges 17. As is clear from FIGS. 5 and 6, the cylindrical portion 118 of the gear box 15 is much longer in the vertical direction than the cylindrical portion 21 described above;
The other structure of the soil tillage member 57 is substantially the same as that described above. Each bush tilling member 57 is driven by a corresponding shaft 119 extending substantially horizontally parallel to direction A, each shaft 119 being inserted axially into a corresponding cylindrical part 118, the length of which is as described above. 1 of shaft 23
It is almost the same as the previous one, except that it is longer than the book. The top of each cylindrical section 118 carries a parallel set of upright projections 120 to which are attached horizontal pivot pins 121 parallel to the main frame beam 1. A sleeve 122 surrounds each pivot pin 121 between the projections 120 and receives one end of a corresponding rod 123 fixed perpendicularly thereto approximately midway through the length of the sleeve. Each rod 123 has a corresponding support bracket 1 secured to the upper rim 2 of the main frame beam by a set of bolts 6.
24, and a compression coil spring 126 surrounds each rod 123 by being positioned between the bracket 124 and a stop washer or ring 125 located at each end of the rod 123. The washer or ring located furthest away from the corresponding pivot pin 121 abuts an adjusting nut movable axially along the threaded free end of each rod 123 to determine the initial degree of compression of the two springs 126. Increase or decrease as desired.A locking nut (
(not shown) is desirable. Each housing 11
At the bottom of the housing 127, at approximately the center of the length of the housing, there is provided a downwardly facing cylindrical bearing housing 27, in which upper and lower ball bearings 128 extend upwardly and are normally vertical or approximately vertical. It supports vertical corresponding shafts 129. The lowermost end of each shaft 129 carries one of the corresponding soil plowing members 57, the uppermost end of which is connected via cooperating pinions 30, 31 in the manner described above. Driven by a shaft 9, the central housing 114 of the row of soil tillage elements is connected at its rear with the aforementioned section 59.
69 and thereby "during use of the rotating harrow, the bevel pinioso 58 carried by the drive shaft 9 in the corresponding housing 114".
The drive from the rotational input shaft 67 is transmitted to. In this example, a projection 701 carried by the main frame beam 1 below and in front with respect to direction A
This arm 130 is connected. The lower extremities of the arms 130 are interconnected by the hollow beams 80 mentioned above, which in this case perform the same function as before, but in this embodiment the lower rear green of the beams is approximately perpendicular to the drive shaft 3. Not consistent. Arms 13 are provided on the same machine as arms 72, with each set of arms interconnected approximately in the center of the length of arm 130 by a corresponding pivot pin 131, with the lower edges of the arms normally being A retaining bracket 133 is fixed to the lower rim 2 of the main frame beam 1 by means of a lower bolt 6. Between the corresponding arms 130 each pivot pin 1
31 is surrounded by a sleeve, and a rod 132 projects perpendicularly from the arm downwards and rearward relative to direction A. A helical compression spring 135 surrounds each rod 132 and is located between the corresponding bracket 133 and a retaining ring or washer 134 located towards the free end of the corresponding rod 132. As in the homogeneous assembly previously described, a retaining ring or washer 134 abuts a nut movable axially along the threaded end of the corresponding rod 132 to increase or decrease the initial compression of the spring 135. It is desirable to provide a locking nut for use with each adjustment nut as shown, so that the beam 8M can be deflected forward about the marquee defined by the pivot pin 71 against the action of the compression spring 135. 5. During the use of the rotary harrow described with reference to the embodiment shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the soil plowing member 57 is in are arranged in staggered or zigzag rows substantially perpendicular to direction A at - each member 57 rotates in the opposite direction to the adjacent member on one or both of the rows.

Alternatively, the sections 57 can be positioned in two straight parallel rows, in which the members of one row all rotate in one direction and the members of the other row all rotate in the opposite direction. . All of the rearwardly facing members 57 of the halo with respect to the direction A are deflectable upwardly and downwardly about the axis a of the drive shaft 9 independently of each other, but with respect to the direction A located directly below the shaft 9. The leading member 57 is rotatably mounted so as not to deflect. The vehicle yaw line a, which is the center when the soil tilling member 57 arranged at the rear is deflected, is spaced forward in the direction A from the deflectable member 57 itself by a considerable distance. In the embodiment shown in Figure 1, there is provided a hollow main frame beam 136 having a generally channel-shaped cross-section, the top of which is secured to the inwardly directed rim of the laterally elongated beam 136 by bolts 138. It is closed by plate 137.

The beam 136 extends generally horizontally across the objective direction A of the working stroke of the rotating harrow, and normally extends perpendicularly to that direction. At the rear of the main beam 136 in direction A are provided a plurality of brackets 140 secured to the beam by bolts 139 at regularly spaced intervals, the brackets 140 having wings branching rearwardly from the main frame beam. have The rear end of the wing of the bracket 140 is bent inward to form a parallel section 142, and each bracket 1
The stiffness of 40 is increased by the provision of a lower stiffening plate 141 that tightly interconnects the base of the bracket and the root end of the wing. The parallel section 142 of the bracket wing supports a pivot shaft 143 extending laterally parallel to the main frame beam 136, said shaft 143 cooperating with a resilient "safety" pin i45 of a construction known per se. The bracket 1401 is held by the ring tortoise 44 so as not to move toward the bag, and in this case, the pin blind 46 holds the wings inserted into the lateral borings of the ring 144 and the shaft 143. The bracket 43 projects for a considerable distance beyond the relatively distant surfaces of the two bracket portions 42 into which it is inserted, the projecting ends forming a rectangular shaft, and another bracket 147 extending from the main frame. A bracket 14 fixed to the beam 136' is rotatable about the short shaft.Another group of brackets 47 is attached to the base of the bracket 1
48 and a forwardly diverging wing with a free end that bends inwardly to form a parallel portion 146,
43 is inserted into the parallel portion 146 and the bracket 140 is inserted into the parallel portion 146.
It is located on the side of the parallel portion 142 of. Another bracket 14
The connecting member 148 of 7 is positioned behind the wing of the bracket with respect to the direction A, and is connected to the short cylindrical part 2 of the gear box 15.
The structure of the gear box 15 and the soil tilling member 57, which are fixed to the flange 149 of 1 with bolts 150 and connected to the flange in this case, is almost the same as the structure of the above-mentioned parts indicated by the same numbers. The shaft 23 transmitting the drive to each gearbox 15 projects through a hole in the connection or base 148 of the corresponding further bracket 147 and its end in direction A is connected to the main frame beam 1 by means of a bolt 155.
The shaft 152 is connected by a universal joint 151 to the rear end of a substantially horizontal shaft 152 which is rotatably supported by two ball bearings 153 in a bearing housing 154 fixed in a hole in the back of the shaft 36 . As can be seen from FIG. 7, the shaft 143 is axially aligned and has an axis c that coincides with one of the pivot axes of the universal joint 151 when the universal joint 151 is properly positioned for rotation thereof. . Each shaft 152 extends forwardly within the main frame beam 136 generally in direction A;
A bevel pinion 156 is provided which has teeth in driving connection with the teeth of a cooperating bevel pinion 157 which is secured to the drive shaft 9 at a suitable point in the axial direction, the drive shaft 9 passing approximately through the center of the main frame beam 136. and extend in the axial direction. Ball bearing 1586 hollow main frame beam 1
The shaft 9 is rotatably mounted within the shaft 36 and the ball bearing 158 is carried by a bearing support bolted in place on the beam 136. , a rotary input shaft (also the seventh
(not shown in the figure) is provided.

The grooved or keyed end of the rotary input shaft has a structure known per se with universal joints at both ends (see parts 68, 69 above) for driving an agricultural tractor or other drive by means of an intermediate telescoping transmission shaft. The rotary harrow is arranged in driving connection with the force take-off shaft of the machine.By means of the coupling member or support leg 88, the rotary harrow is connected to the three-point lifting device or the pulling device of the agricultural tractor or other drive machine in a manner generally known per se. It can be seen that the embodiment of FIG. 7 uses a hollow beam similar in structure and function to one of the previously described hollow beams 80 or 106. In this case, each soil tillage member 57 is connected to its adjacent members and the main frame beam 1.
36, it can be moved separately upward and downward centering on the wisteria line c. A spring mechanism, including the sections 33 to 41 already described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3, is provided to hold each soil tillage member 57 in an unbiased central equilibrium position, in which case one of such assemblies Sleeve 34 and rod 35 are shown in the lower right corner of FIG. The actual operation of the rotating harrow of FIG. 7 is similar to that of the embodiment of FIGS.
It can be deflected about axis c only to a sufficient extent to avoid damage by stones or other obstacles that come into contact with it. Since the universal joints 161 are provided which all intersect the axis c, the deflection of the soil tilling member 57 will not interrupt the drive of the member. The embodiment of FIGS. 8 and 9 uses a main frame beam 160 with a straight channel-shaped cross-section, the upper free ends of the wings of the channel being bent outwardly and the base of the beam 160 being curved outwardly. A substantially horizontal mu 61 is formed that is included in a substantially horizontal plane that is parallel to and above the basic plane.

The beam 160' crosses the target direction A of the working stroke in a substantially horizontal direction and normally extends substantially horizontally and perpendicularly to the direction, and the two rims 161 are connected to a substantially vertical bolt 162.
nearly horizontal cover plates 1 fixed to them by
63. Substantially horizontal parallel bearings 164 are mounted directly above cover plate 163 by suitable bolts 162 at regular intervals, ie, approximately 30 cm or more and approximately 40 skins or less apart. The longitudinal axes of the parallel bearings 164 extend substantially parallel to direction A, and each parallel bearing 164 is connected to the crank 1 with another parallel shaft 169 at its other end.
A corresponding shaft group 65 forming part of 66 is rotatably held. The shaft 169 of the crank 166 is mounted centrally above the corresponding housing turtle 69A, with each shaft wing 65 and each shaft 169 both passing through a corresponding ring and hole in the shaft, of a structure known per se. Parallel bearing 164 and housing 169A by surrounding ring 167 with "safety" transverse pin IS8 with wings
The shaft is held so that it does not move significantly in all directions.
Each housing 169A extends generally longitudinally perpendicular to direction A, has a generally square cross section, and defines a lower central hole into which the upper end of the corresponding bearing housing 171 is secured with a bolt 170. . Each bearing housing 171 carries a corresponding shaft 172 which extends upwardly and is normally vertical or nearly vertical, by means of upper and lower ball bearings IT3. Each shaft 172 protrudes from below the bottom of the corresponding bearing housing 171 and is sliced to form the aforementioned ±
Accommodates one hub of the soil tillage member 57. Each shaft 1
The upper end of 72 is located within the corresponding housing 169A.
A bevel pinion IT4 is provided there. The pinion teeth are in driving engagement with the teeth of a cooperating bevel pinion 175 secured to a drive shaft 176 having a longitudinal axis coincident with the marquee line of the corresponding housing 169A. Each shaft 176 is rotatably supported by horizontal ball bearings 177 at both ends of the corresponding housing 169A;
Each shaft 176 projects beyond the ends of its corresponding housing 169A. As seen in FIGS. 8 and 9, the distal ends of the adjacent housings 169A are interconnected by paper projections 178 projecting from the housings and are generally horizontal pivot pins extending generally parallel to direction A. 179 is used to interconnect projections 178 in a manner best shown in FIG.
The bale ends (fac nd) of 76 are grooved and interconnected by a universal joint shown in FIG. Intersects axis e. Each assembly of protrusions 178, pivot pins 179 and universal joints is housed within a corresponding movable sheath 1801. One drive shaft 176 of the housing 169A, located at or near the center of the rotating harrow, has a corresponding A transmission is provided which is arranged to drive the shaft into driving connection with a take-off shaft of an agricultural tractor or other drive machine, which transmission is not shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, but as shown in FIGS. It is similar to the transmission part shown in the figure or a part of which is shown in FIG. The pivot pin 181 extends downwardly and is connected to the protrusion by the pivot pin.

The lowermost ends of the arms 183 are interconnected by the aforementioned hollow beam 801, which arms 183 and the beams 80 tend to be held in the position shown in FIG. , 79, and the second
An example is shown in the figure and is similar to the hinge mechanism detailed in the preamble.
The spring mechanism allows beam 80 to be deflected forward about pivot pin 181 to momentarily release trapped stones and other obstructions when needed. The operation of the rotating harrow shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 is fundamentally similar to the operation of the harrow already described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3. The tilling member 57 is deflectable laterally about the longitudinal axis d (FIG. 8) of the shafts 165, 169 of the corresponding crank 166, and likewise upwardly and about the axis e of the corresponding silk pivot pin 179. It can be deflected downward.

Because drive shafts 176 are interconnected by the universal joint shown in FIG. Member 57 is deflected at least somewhat upwardly and/or laterally. Soil cultivation member 5
The soil tillage member 5 is deflectable when the soil material encounters stones or other harmful obstacles.
7 can almost always be avoided.
In the case of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the hollow box-shaped main frame crosses the target direction A of the working stroke of the rotating harrow in a substantially horizontal direction, and normally extends substantially horizontally and perpendicularly to the direction. Beam 184 is used. The plurality of shafts 185, which normally extend vertically or nearly vertically upwardly, are spaced apart at regular intervals "i.e., preferably about 25"
The towers are rotatably journalled in hollow main frame beams 184 at intervals that may be approximately 30 skins apart. A shaft 185 projects below the bottom of the hollow main frame beam 184 and is provided with a corresponding straight-toothed or spur-toothed pinion 186, the teeth of which are similar to those of a smaller but similarly toothed pinion 187. To meet grandchildren. The pinions 1,87 are attached to a shaft 1188 extending parallel to the shaft 185, and each set of pinions 186,187 and the corresponding shafts 185,188 are each housed in a corresponding housing 189. A rotatable soil tillage member, generally indicated by the numeral 191, is secured to the lowermost end of the shaft 188 and each soil tillage member 191 has a generally horizontal tine or another tool support 190 and two generally cylindrical tines or other tool holders 192 secured to opposite ends of the support 190 having axes parallel or substantially parallel to the axis of the corresponding shaft 188; and two tools in the form of robust soil tillage tines 193 having anchorages firmly and releasably secured to the corresponding holders 192 such that the holders extend downwardly from the holders into the ground. 189 is arranged so as to be pivotable about the vertical or approximately vertical ball line of the corresponding shaft 185 by means of a substantially vertical ball support (not shown), and on the front side of the housing in direction A, there is a projection projecting forward. A bracket 194 is provided.

The distal end of each bracket 194 projecting forwardly in generally direction A defines a generally horizontal slot 195 through which it passes through the slot 195 of the other bracket 194 and is suspended from the main frame beam 184. A generally horizontal rod 197 is inserted which is carried by generally regularly cornered supports 196. 10, the rods 197 pass alternately through the slots 195 of the bracket 194 and the holes of the support 196, and the rods 197 are held between each series by L corresponding helical compression springs 198. Be surrounded. Each housing 189
are arranged together with the corresponding soil tilling member 191 so that they can be deflected together about the axis g of the corresponding shaft 185, and one of the corresponding coarse springs 198 counteracts all such deflection. , in which case the springs 198 are oriented to hold each housing 189 in the unbiased central equilibrium position shown in FIGS. 10 and 11. Rod 197 if necessary
is axially movable from the illustrated operating position. Each shaft 185 carries within the hollow main frame beam 184 a corresponding straight or spur toothed pinion 199, with each pinion having its row of teeth as shown schematically at the top of FIG. The pinion is adapted to engage one or two pinion teeth of the pinion. At or near the center of the rotating harrow, one of the shafts 185 connects with a transmission adapted to connect with a take-off shaft of an agricultural tractor or other drive machine. Although the transmission is not shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, it is generally similar to one of the transmissions for the same purpose previously described. However, the transmission should include a transmission gear that is capable of selecting different transmission ratios between the two shafts, thereby imparting power to the transmission from the power take-off shaft of the working tractor or other drive machine. Soil tillage member 1 according to the setting of the speed change gear without changing the input rotation speed.
91 can be rotated at high or low speed. The central front portion of the main frame beam 184 is provided with a connecting member or supporting leg (not shown) similar to the aforementioned connecting member or supporting leg 88;
The coupling member or brace is constructed and arranged to couple with a three-point lifting device or lifting device of an agricultural tractor or other drive machine. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, the main support frame, in the form of a hollow main frame beam 200, extends substantially horizontally across the intended direction of the working stroke of the rotating harrow, indicated by arrow A in FIG. Under normal conditions, it extends approximately horizontally and vertically.

The main beam 200 rotatably supports a plurality of shafts 185 having an axis of rotation g extending generally horizontally parallel to their aligned longitudinal axes and direction A. It is designed to have. The rear end of the shaft 185 in direction A extends into a corresponding housing 201 in which it engages the teeth of another bevel pinion 203 mounted on the upper end of the vertical or nearly vertical shaft 202. Carrying a bevel pinion 204 with teeth. Pinion 20
2 is rotatably supported by the housing 20 by ball bearings (not shown), and the lowermost end of each shaft 2.02 protruding from below the bottom of the corresponding housing 201 has the aforementioned soil firmly and releasably fixed thereto. Each housing 201 can be rotated about the corresponding axis g by a horizontal bearing (not shown), and a bracket 205 projecting upward is provided at the top of each housing. and a generally vertical slot 206 near the upper end of the bracket. Each shaft 185 is provided with one of a straight tooth or spur tooth pinion 199 within the main frame beam 200, the structure of which is 10 and 11, but in this case the axis g is substantially horizontal rather than substantially vertical. Again, the shaft 185 at or near the center of the rotating harrow is One of them engages a transmission which can be connected to the power take-off shaft of an agricultural tractor or other drive machine.As in the embodiment of FIGS. 10 and 11, such a transmission It is desirable, but not necessary, to include a transmission gear.A generally horizontal rod 208 extends generally perpendicular to direction A, and the rod 208 is connected to all of the generally vertical slots 206 and to the support. The rod is releasably secured to at least some of the supports 207 through holes 207 so that the rod can be retracted from its illustrated position in the direction of the ball.

The aforementioned compression coil spring 198 is attached to the rod 20 so as to be located between the replaceable bracket 205 and the support body 207.
Provided around 8. Thus, during operation of the rotating harrow, the 12th
Each soil tillage member 191 of the embodiment of FIGS.
98, the springs 198 are integrally deflectable about the substantially horizontal mouse line g of the corresponding shaft 185 against the action of one of the soil tillage members 191 and the housing 201 in FIG. and tends to be held at the undeflected central equilibrium position shown in FIG. Connecting members or supports, not shown in FIG. 12, are used to connect the main frame beam 200 to a three-point lifting device or pulling device of an agricultural tractor or other drive machine, the rotary input shaft of the transmission being , is used to place the soil tillage member 191 in indirect driving connection with the power take-off shaft of the agricultural tractor or other drive machine. In the two embodiments shown in FIGS. 10-13, each tilling member 191 rotates in the opposite direction to one or both members directly adjacent to it during use of the rotary harrow. Each soil tilling member 191G tills a corresponding strip of land approximately 30 feet wide, each strip actually overlapping each other to form a single wide strip of tilled soil. If one or more of the soil tillage members 191 encounters stones or other obstacles, the or each member 191 is damaged by pivoting about the corresponding tracking line g against the resistance of the spring 198. can be deflected together to avoid the
In the embodiments of FIGS. 0 and 11, they are arranged substantially vertically, but in the embodiments of FIGS. 12 and 13, they are arranged substantially parallel and extend substantially parallel to direction A.

FIG. 10 and FIG. 10 In the case of the turtle diagram embodiment, the marker line g is
However, in the embodiments of FIGS. 12 and 13, the marker line g is located above the corresponding soil tilling member 191. In the embodiment of FIGS. 14 and 15, the aforementioned shafts 185 are disposed vertically or nearly vertically within the hollow box frame beams 184, with each shaft 185 having a beam 184
A corresponding pinion, either a straight-toothed or a spur-toothed pinion 199, is provided within, the straight-toothed or spur-toothed pinion 199 being arranged in the same manner as already described.

The beams 184 extend generally horizontally across the target direction of the harrow's working stroke and normally extend perpendicularly to the target direction, with each shaft 185 projecting downwardly from below the bottom of the main frame beam 184. . The lowermost end of each shaft 185 is connected to the upper end of a corresponding vertical or nearly vertical shaft 211 by a corresponding breakable joint 2Q9. Each flexible joint 209 includes inner and outer square members and four insert elements 210 made of rubber or other elastic material, through which the drive from the corresponding shaft 185 is transmitted to the corresponding shaft 211. communicated. Each shaft 211 is rotatably supported toward the lower end of the shaft by a substantially vertical ball bearing 212 disposed in a bearing housing 213 at the bottom of a corresponding inverted frustoconical support 214 . As is clear from Figure 14,
The top of each support 214 has a generally horizontal rim 216 that is resiliently connected to the bottom of the main frame beam 184 at four locations (only two shown) by threaded dowels 215, the body of which , between the rim 2 corner 6 and the upper end of the dowel fixed to the main frame beam 184, is surrounded by a corresponding elastic block 217. Each shaft 21 10/lowermost end projects downwardly beyond the corresponding bearing housing 213. , is grooved therein to accommodate the hub of one tine or other tool support 190 of the soil tillage member 191 described above.Due to the construction of the pinion 199 described above, each soil tillage member 191 is During use of a halo constructed according to FIGS.
One or both members of the row of members immediately adjacent thereto are rotated in the opposite direction.

At least two adjacent members 19 with large stones or other obstacles
If momentarily caught between one tine 193 or other plowing tool, at least one of the members 191 will deflect together to avoid or release the stone. In this embodiment, the flexible joint 209 and the elastic block 217 are provided so that the combined deflection can occur in almost any direction. Generally, however, the main components of any deflection are arranged horizontally or nearly horizontally. If desired, the flexible joint 209 can be replaced with a universal joint. In all cases of the various embodiments described,
Avoid stones or other obstructions of such dimensions as are commonly encountered during tillage of agricultural land, or prevent stones, etc., from falling between the tines of directly adjacent tillage members or other soil tillage tools The soil tilling elements are integrally deflectable with respect to each other and with respect to the support frame of the corresponding rotary harrow to such an extent that they are released very quickly even in the event of a jam. This avoids any damage to the tilling elements, even in the case of the most aggressive obstacles, and reduces the cumulative wear rate. The rotating harrow illustrated and described in the accompanying drawings.
Various features of the invention will be described in the embodiments of the present invention below as inventive features, but the present invention is not limited only to these features. It is emphasized that they are included alone or in various combinations without departing from the scope of the invention.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a rotary harrow of a soil tiller according to the invention connected to the rear of an agricultural tractor. FIG. 2 is an enlarged partial sectional view taken along the line 0-1 in FIG. 1, with the arm omitted. FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a cross section of a portion on the same scale as FIG. 2, and shows the portion shown in FIG. 1 in an enlarged manner. FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line 0-1 in FIG. 1, showing an alternative embodiment of the present invention. Fifth
The figure is a partially sectional plan view on the same scale as FIGS. 2 and 3, showing another alternative embodiment. FIG. 6 is a partial sectional view, and the left side of FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along the line - in FIG. 5. FIG. 7 is a partially sectional plan view similar to FIGS. 3 and 5, showing yet another alternative structure. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 2 showing another alternative structure. FIG. 9 is a sectional view taken along line KK in FIG. 8. FIG. 10 is a partially sectional plan view to the same scale as FIG. 1, showing elements of another alternative embodiment according to the invention.
FIG. 11 is a sectional view taken along line M--phantom in FIG. 10.
FIG. 12 is a sectional view similar to FIG. 11 showing yet another alternative structure. FIG. 13 is a rear view seen from the direction indicated by the arrow plate in FIG. 12. FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 2, but to a smaller scale, illustrating a further alternative embodiment of the invention. Figure 15 is the line × of Figure 14
It is a sectional view taken along V-XV. 1,89,136,1
60,184,200...Main frame beam, 4,
7,114,127'154,169A,171,18
9, 201, 213...Housing t5, 32, 42, 7
0,76,94,979 120,178,182...
・Protrusion, 8, 22, 27, 61, 64, 128, 15
3,158,IT3,177,212...Ball bearing, 9
,23,26,60,67,69,73,129,17
2, IT6, 185, 188, 202, 211... Shaft, 10, 95, 115, 148... Connecting member, 15...
Gear box, 24, 25, 30, 31, 58, 59, 156
, 157, 159, 174, 175, 203, 204...
Bevel pinion, 29, 137, 163...Cover plate, 33, 71, 98, 104, 107, 121, 13
1,179...Pivot pin, 34,74,99,122
…Sleeve “35, 75, 100, 108, 123, 1
32,197,208-- Rod, 37,45,10
1,109,124,133,140,147,194
, 205... Bracket, 39, 46, 79, 103
, 111, 123, 135, 198... Compression coil spring, 50, 190... Tine support, 54, 192...
Tine holder, 56,193...Soil tillage tine, i.e., soil tillage tool, 57,191...± tillage member, i.e., rotor, 65,66,186,187,199...Straight tooth or spur tooth pinion, 68,151...Free Joint, 80,106・
...Hollow beam "83...Grounding roller, 88...Support leg. Both la. J5 every..." Transmission. 2 every・3 Takumi ■, Suzume-shuku・5 hermitage・5 inn・7 Denwo, 8 hermitage. 9 Hermitage. JO inn・″ rare・J2 hit, J3 anti-ra, right

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 a common drive shaft 9 having a plurality of rotors 57 arranged in rows, provided with downwardly extending soil cultivators 56, the drive means for rotating the rotors 57 about an upwardly extending axis extending substantially horizontally; and a common gear box 15 supporting the drive shaft 9 in a rotating harrow, the rotors 57 being elastically pivotable about the drive shaft 9. The fixed supports 4 and 7 guide the guide by the fixed supports 4 and 7.
, 7 are fixed to the downwardly extending foot of the substantially horizontally extending channel beam 1, and together with these supports 4.
, 7 form a lateral support structure for the rotor 57;
The rotary harrow is characterized in that springs 39 are supported by the supports 4 and 7, and these springs 39 hold the pivoting rotor 57 in a working position where its axis of rotation is perpendicular.