JPS60151972A - Layer-built fuel cell - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To simplify the structure of a layer-built fuel cell, make it small and increase its performance by supplying and exhausting a fuel gas and an oxidant gas through four gas inlet and outlet nozzles so that these gases flow in counter directions in the flow path unit. CONSTITUTION:A mainfold for gas supply and exhaust is formed by stacking flow path units 14. As the result, the size of a layer-built fuel cell is reduced by concentrating supply and exhaust holes in one section and the space for the fuel cell is reduced. Each flow path unit 14 is formed by providing flow paths on the upper and the lower ends of a diaphragm having four symmetrically arranged holes in its periphery and then providing electrode plates on the flow paths in such a manner as to cause the plates to be continuous with the diaphragm. A fuel gas and an oxidant gas are supplied and exhausted through four gas inlet and outlet nozzles so that these gases flow in counter directions in the flow path unit. Owing to the above constitution of each flow path unit 14, gases are homogeneously supplied from the manifold into unit cells. By the means mentioned above, it is possible to simplify the structure of a layer-built fuel cell, make it small and increase its performance.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [fI: Utilization of work! Ilf] Suikomei 41 (13II!l- for six-layer fuel cells, especially molten salt stacked fuel cells).

[Prior art] Since the electromotive force per unit (medium hill) of a fuel cell is low, in order to increase the output of the fuel cell, it is necessary to increase the size of the medium hill (9 layers). One of the conditions for one combustion battery required when stacking and increasing the size is 71.
F//-, the fuel gas and oxidizer gas flowing on both sides of 't'i can be easily distributed to each single cell and collected. Simplicity is required.

Conventional fIli layer fuel cells include those shown in Figure 1.

fu h′! shown in FIG. 'i fuel cell middle hill 1
The electrodes 3.4 are densely arranged above and below the electrolyte tar 2,
A sealer 5.6 is installed on three sides of each electrode 3.4. The other side faces Ll, and the corner portions of the sealers 5 and 6 that are diagonal to each other are cut away.

The single cell 1 having the above configuration is stacked in required layers, and the FI? '
Fuel gas manifold 9 is IIM
I=J cut, oxidizer gas manifold 1 on the other side
0 is removed ("J CJ").Furthermore, a fuel waste exhaust manifold 11 is installed at the corner where the - mark is cut out, and an oxidizer waste IJ "air manifold (not shown) is installed at the other corner. ”
(It is pulled.

Therefore, the fuel 1 flowing in from the fuel waste manifold 9
The gas (Ll 2 , I-12 + G O2, etc.) is distributed to each single cell 1, passes through the gap formed by the seal bar 60 and the notch 111!4, and the fuel scum (Ll 2 , I-12 + G O2, etc.) passes through the gap formed by the seal bar 60 and the notch 111!
The oxidizing gas (02, air casting) collected and discharged outside the oxidizing gas manifold 10 is distributed to each inner cell 1 in the same manner as described above, and is formed by the seal bar 5. The CM gas that passes through the gaps and cutouts is collected by the air manifold and discharged to the outside.

In the above-mentioned conventional 111 fuel cell, the distribution of fuel scum and oxidizing gas to the 8 cells is poor, and the scum passing through the gap stagnates at the corner of the seal bar, resulting in insufficient performance. There is no heat removal effect.

Furthermore, as the stacked fuel cell becomes larger, the culm and each manifold also become larger, and there are nine problems such as difficulty in sealing between each vehicle cell and between the middle cell and the manifold.
.

[Object of Defense] In view of the above-mentioned circumstances, it is an object of the present invention to provide a laminated fuel I battery having a structure of 41 to 50, which is small in size and has good performance.

[Configuration of Explanation] In the present invention, a gas supply/exhaust manifold is formed by rectifying the flow path units 1 to 1a, and there is no need to particularly install a manifold. 4 Jl air 1]' was consolidated in one place to make it more compact, the installation space was reduced, and the gas distribution from the manifold to the single cell was also uniform. 41〆,) Flow paths are formed on both the upper and lower sides of the partition wall in which holes are drilled symmetrically, and one flow path connects the two opposing holes U゛, and the other flow path J: the remainder. 2 holes in communication with each other, and electrode plates are placed above and below the 2 flow channels in a state of conduction with the partition walls to form a flow channel.
The flow path is formed by stacking the knits with the electrolyte plate interposed, and the bottom surface is closed by the bottom indigo unit I-, and the top surface is filled with holes that match the hole positions in 4 above. Entrance/exit 1”
Remove the upper lid unit with the nozzle installed (),
The 4th dregs come in and out! ``The fuel scum and oxidizer scum flow from the nozzle in counter-current flow within the channel unit.

[Actual blh I list Embodiments of the invention will be explained below with reference to the drawings.

g) In Figures 2 to 5, the first embodiment will be explained.

f, t'+ Ii1 fuel cell 13h road unit 14
Through the electrolyte plate 15 (1), the bottom part connects 1 to 1 G through the electrolyte plate 15, and the upper part connects 17 to the upper lid unit 1 through the electrolyte plate 15. Tori 1” [
It is J. Triangular through holes 18a, 18b, 18c are provided in the square 15 of the electrolysis 714.

18d and formed into a square of the channel unit 14.
Along with the square spaces 19a, 19b, 19c, and 19d, there is a fuel gas supply manifold 20, a fuel gas JJ+ gas manifold 21, an oxidant gas supply manifold 23, and an oxidant gas exhaust manifold 1-. 22 consists of 1
! Shrink.

The bottom lid 24 of the bottom lid unit 1-16 closes the 11 manifolds 20, 21.2-3.24, and the upper M12 of the lid units 1-17 has the four manifolds 20, 2.
Remove the fuel inlet nozzle 25, fuel outlet nozzle 26, oxidizer gas outlet nozzle 28, and oxidizer scum outlet nozzle 27 that communicate with 1, 22, and 23.

In FIG. 5, the flow path unit 1 (14) is shown in detail.

Through holes 18'a, 181+ of the electrolyte plate 15 at the four corners,
18c.

Seal frames 31 and 32 are attached to the upper and lower surfaces of a rectangular partition 130 having holes 29a, 29b, 29c, and 29d of the same shape as Hltl. Diagonal corners of the one seal frame 31 are partitioned into a triangular shape by partition plates 33.33, and a triangular window 34a partitioned by the partition plates 33.33.

34c communicate with the holes 2'9a, 2ac of the partition wall 30 and the through holes 18a, 18c of the electrolyte plate 15, respectively, and the window 35 in the center of the seal frame 31 communicates with the holes 2911 of the partition wall 30.
．． 29d.

It communicates with the through hole 1ab,=i of the electrolyte plate 15.

In addition, the seal frame 32 of the curved panel has partition plates 33. ．． Similarly, triangular windows 3411.34d are connected to holes 29b, 29d, through holes 18b, 18d, respectively, and holes 2a, 29c and σ through holes IBa are connected to central window 3. ,1
It is connected to 8c.

On the - side of the +:ia box 30, on the lower side are the central windows 35 of the seal frames: H and 32, and flow passage plates 37 and 38 installed in 3G. iU i/li road temporary 37,384J! Jl There is a two-point symmetrical shape C', and the solid flow on the upper surface has a BBBr quadratic shape.

The flow passage plate 31 has a hexagonal shape with two diagonal portions cut out so as not to block the holes 291+, 2! One surface thereof has a 9.U-shaped wave shape, and its unevenness forms a fluid flow path 39.The three fluid flow paths are formed in the center or in the long side of the seal room 31 as a straight path fj. , and both ends are partition plates 33
．． 33, and is a 7-shaped flow path that connects the holes 29b and 29 (1 (spaces 19b and 19d, see FIG. 4). It goes without saying that the channel lengths of each section of the channel are equal.

Next, the upper and lower electrode plates 40 and 41 having the same external shape as the upper and lower flow channel plates 37 and 3a are closely attached to the upper and lower flow channel plates 37 and 3a, and the 14
consists of.

The bottom lid units 1 to 16 described above have a seal frame 42 and a channel plate 37 fixed to the top surface of the bottom lid 24, and the tA circuit board 31.
The upper electrode plate 40 is brought into close contact with the upper electrode plate 40, and its structure corresponds to the lower half of the flow path unit 1-14.

The upper lid unit 17 has a seal frame 32 and a flow path plate 38 fixed to the upper surface of the upper lid 12, and a lower electrode plate 41 is tightly attached to the flow path plate 38, and its structure is similar to that of the flow path. It corresponds to the lower half of Chive 1-14.

Each of the above 1 day l-1'4. By stacking the IGs 17 with the electrolyte plates 15 interposed, the 14-layer fuel cell 13 shown in FIG. 2 is assembled.

The operation of the stacked fuel cell 13 described above will be explained below.

Fuel II gas is at fuel inlet nozzle 2! iJ, burn 1 fATh person to gas supply manifold 20, each>ATh W8
The fuel is distributed from the spaces 19a of the units 1 to 14 and the upper lid units 1 to 17 and discharged through the channel plate 38 to the C space Mlc.
It is ejected from '1 out Ronosu' 2G. - The oxidizer gas is supplied from the oxidizer gas or oxidizer gas nozzle 28 to the oxidizer gas supply manifold 23/\IAt, and the flow is distributed from the spaces 19 [1] of each flow path unit 14 and the lower lid units 1 to 1G. Through the road plate 37, the space 191 (hollowed out oxidizing gas 1 no. a)
Between the manifold 22 (collected oxidizing agent sludge output 27J: IJ) and the adjacent flow path unit 1, the fuel scum and oxidizing gas are discharged from the electrolyte plate 15. Electrically connect the top and bottom surfaces (?+tai4
1 and 40 through C:[) and 2Q, an electrochemical reaction occurs and a potential is generated between the upper and lower surfaces of the electrolyte plate 15.
During i-IJ, the electron h7 substance 15 generates heat due to reaction.

The above-mentioned combustion gas and the oxidizing gas flow through the flow path units 1 to 14 in a state where they are opposed to each other, and the heat generated in the electrolyte plate 15 can be effectively removed by both fluids. Since the flow channel units 1 to 14, the bottom cover unit 1G, and the two cover units 1 to 17 are stacked in the stack, the electrolyte plate 15 is connected to the next layer above and below. The upper surface of the electrolyte plate 15 and the downward direction of the upper electrolyte plate are connected to each other (O (L) can increase the number of layers by stacking them, and the desired power can be reduced by 1.

Furthermore, the double-sided beams that pass through each unit (units 1 to 14) do not stagnate, allowing the performance of the single cell to be fully demonstrated.

In addition, in the structure of the fuel cell, the flow path units 1 to 1 are stacked together, and the remanufacturing small or IM is formed, and the supply and exhaust nozzles can be concentrated on one side, so it is easy to install the fuel cell 1.
γi - The necessary space is very small and small. Furthermore,
There is no need to manufacture each 72 hole individually, so 414
Easy to construct ■It is small and has excellent sealing properties as long as the seals are secured between each flow path unit.

FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 show other embodiments, in which the partition wall 30,
Circular through holes are bored in the electrolyte plate 15 and the seal frame 31, 32, and the holes 20, 21, 22, 23, 1 (
) One side has a circular shape. Other cross-sectional shapes of the manifold [C] Of course, the cross-sectional shape of the manifold may be rectangular.

In addition, FIGS. 8 and 9 show other embodiments, and FIG.
1≧Route: 2 pieces 1 part 1-14, Figure 9 shows the partition wall 30
In this embodiment, the flow path plate is omitted, and the partition wall 30 is formed with adjustable FAT protrusions 43, 4/l protruding from both sides, so that the partition wall 30 also functions as a flow path plate. Sa1! 7. :
G's 'Cil/do.

In FIG.
This is an application example in which point-shaped projections 45 and 46 are formed on the partition wall 30 (-).

In the past, there was an example in which the i/IE k'B board was used to configure the fluid flow path in a Z-shape, but the heat removal effect was significant in a straight fluid flow path. Therefore, in order to increase the effect of "C1 heat removal 9), both paths can be extended for a long time. 4. The i-plane shape of the l'i stacked fuel cell can be called an elongated rectangle, or the core root can be twisted (, 11°l
C may also be used, in which the fluid flowing through the channel is brought into a turbulent state to improve the heat transfer property. Incidentally, the provision of the torsion plate also has the effect of twisting the electrode to the electrolyte plate by 1υJ.

It goes without saying that various other changes may be made without departing from the gist of the present invention, such as by making the seal frame and the partition wall integral.

[Effects of Lighting] As described above, according to the present invention, the following excellent effects can be exhibited.

(i) A six-piece construction is easy and small (・there is one).

(f+)? It is inexpensive because there is no need to separately manufacture the second hold.

ωO Supply and exhaust can be concentrated in one place; 9 @ Less space required; 1 00 Piping is easy.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a conventional FFI layer fuel cell, FIGS. 2 to 5 show a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an overall perspective view, FIG. 3 is a sectional view, and FIG. Figure 4 is an exploded perspective view of the flow path unit 1~, Figure 5 is an exploded perspective view of the flow path unit 1-,
Figures 6 and 7 show other embodiments, with Figure 6 being an overall perspective view and Figure 7 being a general perspective view. Figure 8 is a partial view of the flow path unit of another example of Xi1, and Figure 9 is a perspective view of the Vt: + wall of the example with 71" LJ.
FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing another shape of the partition wall, and FIG. 11 is the Δ-A tA? of FIG. 10. J,! It is a diagram. 13 is a laminated battery, 14 is a channel unit, 15 is an electrolyte plate, and 16 is a bottom cover unit 1 to . 17 is upper lid unit I~
, 25 is a fuel inlet nozzle, 26 is a fuel outlet nozzle, 27
1. L oxidant gas output 1" nozzle, 28 is oxidant gas nozzle
21 nozzle, 29a, 29b, 29c, 2d is hole, 3
0 is the partition wall, 37.311 is the channel plate, 4 (1, 41 is the electrode plate. rMl 17 Figure 7

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1) A flow path is formed on both the upper and lower sides of a partition wall in which holes are drilled λ·] at one location around the periphery.9. J
The remaining two holes are connected to each other through the other flow path, and an electric current (Ntu is provided in conduction with the gap 1y) to 1-1 of the two flow paths. Flow path unit 1 is constructed, and the flow path unit l- is connected to electrolyte (k interposed I!
η As the beats pile up, the bottom surface is blocked by the knit,
On the top surface, there are 4 holes for joint gas inflow and outflow [-1 to the upper lid unit 1 provided with the nozzle], said 11
The gas inlet/outlet nozzle J is characterized by supplying and exhausting the reburning gas and the oxidizer gas so as to form counterflows within the channel units 1 to 1 (31st layer fuel cell).