JPS60114830A - Optical element - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To use an optical element for an optical modulator or a device or the like displaying fine pictures with high resolution by forming the optical element by a monomolecular film constituted of organic compound molecules having a hydrophobic part and a hydropholic part, a monomolecular layer accumulating film or heating elements heating the monomolecular layer accumulating film. CONSTITUTION:One kind or more is selected from organic compounds of higher fatty acids, cyanine coloring matters, azo coloring matters, phosphatides, and long-chain dialkyl ammonium as the film forming components. The proper thickness of the monomolecular film or the monomolecular layer accumulating layer 3 is 30Angstrom -300mum and especially 3,000 deg.C-30mum is preferable. Glass, metal such as aluminium, plastic, or ceramics are used as a substrate 1. Light transmitting glass or plastic having high pressure resistance is favorably used as a protecting substrate 4, and especially a colorless/thin color material is preferable. The heating element 2 generates heat under various formats such as dot matrix-like, dot line-like, line-like and an island-like format to heat the monomolecular film or the monomolecular layer accumulating film on the basis of heat transmission.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a novel optical element, and particularly to an optical element used in light modulation devices, display devices, recording devices, storage devices, and the like.

At present, cathode ray tubes (so-called CRTs) are widely used as terminal displays in various office equipment and measuring instruments, or as displays in televisions, video camera monitors, etc. However, there are still complaints that the CRT does not reach the same level as hard copies made using silver halide or electrophotography in terms of image quality, resolution, and display device 1'11. In addition, as an alternative to CRT, attempts have been made to commercialize so-called liquid crystal panels that display dot matrix images using liquid crystals, but even with these liquid crystal panels, there are problems with drive performance, reliability, productivity, and durability. (1) There is still nothing that is satisfactory in terms of performance.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, an object of the present invention is to solve problems that have not been solved by the prior art in this technical field.

In other words, the purpose of the present invention is to display a light modulation device and a high-resolution, high-quality image, drive performance, raw r% performance, 1lIN durability,
The objective is to develop highly reliable optical elements used in display devices, recording devices, and storage devices.

The optical element of the present invention uses an organic compound molecule having a hydrophobic part and a parent part as its constituent molecules! '11 Molecular film or monolayer cumulative +1! l! and a heating element for heating the di molecular film or the monomolecular layer stack 11.

i) The heating element v is preferably a radiation absorbing layer and/or a heating resistor.

Examples of display elements according to the present invention will be explained below with reference to the drawings.
j. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a display element related to unreleased J, and FIG. 1(A) is a transmissive type display element 7D E, and FIG. shown respectively. 1 is a substrate, 2 is a heating element, 3 is a medium molecular film or a monomolecular layer stack, and 4 is a protective substrate. The image forming principle of the transmissive display element shown in FIG. 1(A) is as follows.

A desired position of the heat generating element 2 is heated according to a certain pattern for image formation, and physical property changes are caused in the heated portion 5 of the monomolecular film or monomolecular layer accumulation film 3 on the heated heat generating element 2. When illumination light 7, which is parallel light, is applied from the substrate l side of this display element, the refractive index etc. of the light that passes through a portion other than the heating section 5 is different from that of the light that passes through the heating section 5.
The optical path changes. Capture and display this change directly or indirectly.

In the reflective display element shown in FIG. 1(B), the irradiation light 7
Contrary to the transmission type, it is applied from the protective substrate 4 side, and is reflected by a reflective film (not shown) provided on the side of the base rice l from the monomolecular film or monomolecular layer cumulative film 3, and the heating unit 5 and the heating Changes in the optical path of the reflected light reflected at parts other than part 5 are captured and displayed.

Monomolecular film or monomolecular layer stack M II of the optical element of the present invention
! ,! As the constituent molecules, a wide variety of organic compounds can be used as long as they have a hydrophobic part and a parent part within the molecule.

Examples of such organic compounds include the following.

(1) Higher fatty acid CH3(CH2)14 C00H CH3(CH2)16 C00H Ct13(CH2) +++ C00IICH3(08
2)4 (CH=C'HC:Hz)4(CH2)2 (
:00HCHz= CI(C1h)o C00HCH2
= CH(CI+2)l! ,Coo)lCH2=C
H(CH2)2゜C00HCH3(CH2)17 CC
0QH CH2 CH3(CH2)8 C-G-CmiC(CH2)II
'C00HCH3(CH2)9 c=c-c 3C(C
)12)o C00)ICl3(CH2) r□CmiC
-C壬C(C)12)8 C00)ICl3(CH2)
13 0 MiC-C'E C(Cth)u 0008(
2) Cyanine dye general formula Cyanine dyes denoted by ) (which is an integer).

(l) (璽) (荀 ν) IJ α] II to X (7) In formulas, Z is NR+, O, Se, C (M
e) 2, Y is H or 2-Me, R1 is a C1-4 alkyl group, and R2 is a ClO-3° alkyl group.

Specific examples of the cyanine dye represented by general formula I are illustrated below.

(3) Azo dye (R is an alkyl group of C0° to 3o) (4) Phospholipid lecithin kephalin sphingomyelin plasmalogen (5) Long chain sialkyl ammonium salt U (m is 1° to 30 (integer) Examples of methods for creating a monomolecular film or a monomolecular layer stack using the organic compound include (1).

Langmuir-Brosier developed by Langmuir et al.

1. Method (LB method) is used. According to the Langmuir-Prodgett method, for molecules with a structure that has a hydrophilic group and a hydrophobic group in the molecule, when the balance between the two (balance of k'l parent & M +1) is maintained appropriately, one molecule is hydrophilic on the water surface. This is a method of creating a monomolecular film or a cumulative film of monomolecular layers by using the fact that the group is oriented downward to form a monomolecular layer. A monolayer on the water surface has the characteristics of a two-dimensional system. When the molecules are sparsely dispersed, the two-dimensional ideal gas equation n A = k T holds true between the area A per molecule and the surface pressure ■, resulting in a "gas nz". Here, k is Portzmann's constant and T is absolute temperature. If A is reduced by 1 minute, the intermolecular interaction will be strengthened and a two-dimensional solid "condensed film (or solid film)" will be formed.The condensed film can be transferred layer by layer to the surface of a substrate such as a glass. Using a medium molecular film or a medium molecular layer accumulation, the film is manufactured, for example, in the following manner.

First, an organic compound is dissolved in a solvent, and this is expanded into an aqueous phase to precipitate the organic compound in the form of a film. Next, to prevent this precipitate from freely diffusing on the aqueous phase and spreading too much, a partition plate (or float) is installed to limit the area of development and control the state of aggregation of the film substance, and the Obtain surface pressure ■.

By moving this partition plate, the developed area can be reduced to control the agglomeration of the film material, gradually increasing the surface pressure, and setting the surface pressure suitable for producing a cumulative film.This surface While holding the pressure M [-L], gently hold the clean board vertically.
The monomolecular film is transferred onto the substrate.

A medium molecular film is manufactured by the above steps, and a monomolecular layer cumulative film having a desired degree of accumulation is formed by repeating the above operations.

The film-forming molecules are selected from one or more of the above organic compounds.

Thickness of monomolecular film or monomolecular layer cumulative film is 30A to 300A
pLm is suitable, especially 3000A ~ 30 g m
is suitable.

To transfer the monomolecular layer onto the substrate, in addition to the vertical dipping method mentioned above, a horizontal deposition method, a rotating cylinder method, and the like may be used.

The horizontal deposition method is a method in which the substrate is brought into contact with the water surface horizontally and transferred, and the rotating cylinder method is a method in which a monomolecular layer is transferred onto the substrate surface by rotating a cylindrical body (a cylindrical body) above the water surface. In the vertical immersion method described above, when the plate is lowered (in the direction νJ horizontally across the water surface), a monomolecular layer is formed on the substrate with the parent wood groups facing the substrate. When the film is lowered by 2, one monolayer is overlapped with each step.

Since the direction of the film-forming molecules is reversed between the pulling process and the dipping process, according to this method, a Y-shaped film is formed in which parent wood groups and parent wood groups, and hydrophobic groups and hydrophobic groups face each other between each layer. A schematic diagram of the monolayer stack 11 created in this way is shown in the second figure.
As shown in the figure. In the figure, 8-1 is hydrophilic 1 (, 8-2 is hydrophobic)
, (is.

On the other hand, the horizontal adhesion method is a method in which the substrate is transferred to the water surface by contacting the tree 11't, and the hydrophobic group is directed toward the substrate.
1i molecular layers are formed on ) and (board. In this way υ, even if they are accumulated, the orientation of the film-forming molecules does not change, and all the layers are X-shaped 11 with the hydrophobic groups facing the substrate side. On the other hand, a cumulative film in which all the layers have hydrophilic layers facing the substrate side is called a Z-type 11ffi.

The rotating cylinder method is a method in which a cylindrical substrate is rotated on the water surface to transfer a monomolecular layer onto the surface of the substrate.

The method of transferring the rli molecule layer onto the substrate is not limited to these methods, and when using a large-area substrate, a method of extruding the substrate from a substrate roll into an aqueous phase may also be used. Furthermore, the orientation of the aforementioned parent wood group and hydrophobic group toward the substrate is a general rule, and can be changed by surface treatment of the substrate, etc.

Examples of methods for creating monolayers or cumulative monolayers include sputtering, plasma polymerization,
There are methods for producing bilayer membranes, etc.

Examples of materials that can be used as the substrate 1 include glass, metals such as aluminum, plastics, and ceramics. In the case of the transmission type shown in No. 11)'fl(A), it is preferable to use transparent glass or plastic with as much pressure resistance as possible, especially colorless or light-colored ones. In addition, if the cleaning of the X-plate surface is insufficient, the monomolecular layer 11 will be disturbed when the monomolecular layer is transferred from the water surface, and a good monomolecular film or monomolecular layer accumulation film will not be formed, resulting in the substrate surface becoming dry. You need to use something clean.

For protection, (For the plate 4, transparent glass or plastic with 1 pressure resistance is suitable as much as possible, and a colorless or light-colored one for cats is preferable.For protection), (Providing the plate 4 is not recommended. This is preferable in order to improve the durability and stability of monomolecular or monomolecular layer cumulative films, but depending on the selection of the film-forming molecules, protection may be possible (with or without a plate). good.

The fully ripened element 2 generates heat in various forms such as dot matrix (dot array), dot line (dotted line), line, island, etc., and by heat conduction? This is for heating a monomolecular film or a monomolecular layer stack.

Examples of the ripening element 2 include those using width QJFI heating using infrared rays and the like, and those using Joule heat such as anti-inflammatory heating. As the former, various inorganic or organic materials are suitable, such as alloys of Gd and Db'Fe, inorganic pigments such as carbon black, 41 organic dyes such as nigrosine, and organic pigments such as azo. As the latter, metal compounds such as hafnium boride and tanker nitride, and alloys such as nichrome are suitable. One thickness of the heating element 2 affects the energy b, the interlocking -44, and the resolution. From these points of view, the preferred thickness of the heat generating element 2 is too
When the 0 display element having a wavelength of 2000λ is a transmissive type, the heating element 2 is required to be transparent to visible light.

However, even if the heat generating element 2 is not specially provided, the substrate 1 can also serve as the heat generating element by selecting a substrate material having - and 2 characteristics P1:.

As a reflective film, use a metal material or metal compound material with a high melting point, such as a metal film or dielectric mirror! The 11-molecular film or the monomolecular layer cumulative film 3 is deposited on the substrate by sputtering, vapor deposition, or the like. Reflection +1u can also be used as a heat generating element twice, by selecting a material for the substrate 1 that can reflect light.

The monomolecular 11Q or monolayer cumulative 11 of the (plate) is fixed strongly enough that the horn 1 (Iq# from the plate,
Although 2+1 drop-off hardly occurs, an adhesive layer can be provided between the substrate and the monolayer or tli molecular layer 1111 to strengthen the adhesion and adhesion. Furthermore, if the condition for forming a single layer of Q'+ molecules is LB7J, the attractive force can also be strengthened by, for example, selecting the hydrogen ion e degree of the aqueous phase, the ion species, or the surface pressure.

The above-mentioned change in physical properties in the heating section 5 particularly means a change in optical properties, and specifically, for example, the refractive index of the molecular assembly constituting the llj molecular film or the monolayer stack v1 film, It means changes in density, polarizability, etc., and phase transition. For example, if the refractive index is ≦゛, then the temperature of the monomolecular film or the monomolecular layer cumulative film 3 rises from the temperature t''C to (t+△t)''C due to the heat generated by the heating part 6 of the heat generating element 2. do. In this case, the single molecule I+! at temperature t”c!
,! Alternatively, the refractive index of the monomolecular layer cumulative film is N, and the temperature (t+
Δt: If this refractive index of 111 teeth of Mc is N+ΔN, the refractive index gradient is ΔN/Δt =>-104(1/
℃） There is. The rate of change of Ai3/1/2, that is, the refraction relative to temperature -4<The change is slight, but the heating part 6 of the heating element
When a micro region of the monomolecular film or monomolecular layer cumulative film 3 in the vicinity of is heated, the refractive index gradient in the micro region is large. The heating section 5 of No. 3 has power, and light is refracted, scattered, diffracted, etc. in a region with a large refractive index gradient.

The heating part 6 of the heat generating element 2 generates heat and is heated to such an extent that the physical properties of the monomolecular film or the monomolecular layer stack 3 change as described above, thereby forming one heating part 5. Since the other parts of the heating element 2 do not generate heat, the corresponding monomolecular film or Qi
There is almost no change in the physical properties of the molecular layer stack 11Q3 in the low temperature region, and the physical properties are approximately -. Even in the low-temperature region, it is actually heated by heat conduction from the heating section, etc., and the optical properties change, but this is relatively negligible from the perspective of the change in the heating section.

Illumination light 7 passing through the heating section 5 of a monomolecular film or a monomolecular layer accumulation film is refracted, scattered, rotated, etc. by the refraction gradient (gradient index) thermally generated in this section, and becomes a single molecule. The light does not travel straight through the film or rat molecular layer accumulation film 3, but is refracted and changes its optical path. Therefore, the illumination light 7 that passes through the heating section 5 of the monomolecular film or the monomolecular layer accumulation film and the illumination light 7 that does not pass through it are 1L when exiting the display element DE.
They do not become linear lights, and their emission directions are different from each other. When the heating part 6 of the heat generating element 2 stops heating, the heating part 5 of the fraction 1' to the film or monomolecular layer cumulative film is cooled down and disappears.
The directions of illumination light 7 emitted from display element DE are all the same. Therefore, the monomolecular film or the monomolecular layer accumulation 11 passing through the high temperature region of the heating section 5 can be identified.

The aforementioned phase transitions are caused by changes in temperature, pressure, etc. The temperature at which a phase transition occurs, that is, the phase transition temperature (Tc
) is specific to each substance, and it is particularly preferable that the organic compound forming the Qt molecule or the monomolecular layer stack is in a crystalline phase below Tc, and undergoes a phase transition to a liquid crystal phase below Tc. Moreover, Tc of 50 to 100°C is suitable. For example, the Tc of dialkyl ammonium salt is 20
℃~60℃. - Generally, Tc increases with the alkyl chain length. FIG. 3 schematically shows the phase transition phenomenon in the case of a dialkylammonium salt. As described above, the refractive index change is approximately proportional to the temperature change, but the refractive index changes significantly before and after Tc. Therefore, it is more preferable to set the heating temperature to Tc or higher. Of course, if a sufficient refractive index change is obtained below Tc, then Tc
It goes without saying that there is no need to configure the settings above.

Furthermore, by appropriately selecting the constituent molecules of the cumulative film, the film exhibits light scattering or non-transmission by phase transition from a crystal phase to a liquid crystal phase, or from a certain type of liquid crystal phase to a certain type of liquid crystal phase. Changes in physical properties other than the refractive index due to phase transition such as light scattering can also be used for image formation.

The display egg according to the present invention has TRF capability for direct viewing under certain illumination conditions (for example, illumination by parallel light), but it can be further used as a display device by adjusting M1 with the imaging optical system described below. The value of use will expand. In the case of direct viewing display using a transmissive display element, the display is based on the difference in the amount of light that reaches the viewing eye (not shown) located in the direction of the light that has passed through the heating section 5 of the monolayer or monolayer stack. Pixel identification is possible. Using light scattering due to phase transition, direct viewing is simpler and more effective.

In the case of a combination of a reflective display element and an imaging optical system described below, the imaging position of the heating unit 5 of the monomolecular film or monomolecular layer stacked film by the imaging optical system and the position that is not heated by the heating element 2 Imaging optics for the low temperature region portion (hereinafter referred to as non-heated portion) of the monomolecular film or monomolecular layer cumulative film 3 (including the case where the intermediate molecular film or the eli molecular layer cumulative layer 11Q3 is preheated by the heating element 2) Since the imaging positions differ depending on the system, display points can be more clearly identified by defocusing. Therefore, by defocusing, the bright point can be increased to 11
It can also be displayed inverted at the tS point. &!
If the I-image optical system is not used, the display effect can be dramatically improved by using parallel light as the illumination light 7 and installing a light-shielding grating as described below in order to increase the display element's Table 4 effect. do. In Fig. 1, the heat generating element 2 is in direct contact with the monomolecular film or the monomolecular layer cumulative layer 3, and heats the medium molecular film or the width molecular layer cumulative layer 3; The heating element 2 may be disposed near the molecular layer stack 3 to heat the monolayer or RLT molecular layer stack 3 by heat conduction heating.

For example, in FIG. 1(B), if the heat generating element 2 does not reflect light, a light reflective metal film, dielectric mirror, etc. is interposed between the intermediate molecular film or monomolecular layer cumulative film 3 and the heat generating element 2. You may let them.

Note that in FIG. 1, in order to make the explanation easier to understand, the light flux incident on the display element DE is shown as parallel light; however, this is not limited to parallel light; essentially, the light incident on the display element DE is a heat-generating element. Due to the heat generated by the two heating parts 6, a high temperature region of the monomolecular film or the monomolecular layer cumulative film 3, that is, the heating part 5, is formed in the optical path, so that the optical path becomes shorter than the optical path before the heating part 5 is not formed. It takes advantage of the fact that change occurs.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the display element for more specifically explaining the image forming principle of the display element according to the present invention, and FIG.
) shows a transmissive display element, and FIG. 4(B) shows a reflective display element.

In the figure, numeral 9 indicates a radiation absorbing layer that absorbs radiation lO and generates heat, 3 indicates a monomolecular film or monomolecular layer stack 11, and 4 indicates a protective substrate.

Note that the reflective display element D shown in FIG. 4(B)
In E, 11 is a reflective film for reflecting the illumination light 7 used for display, and 12 is a monomolecular film or a rat molecular layer accumulation II.
S? This is a heating element layer for preheating 3. The reflective film 11 and the heat generating layer 12 are not necessarily required for the display element DE.

It is provided as necessary. For example, monolayer 11 or monolayer cumulative I? When 23 is heated, the reflective film 11 is not used when the radiation absorbing layer 9 has light reflective properties, and the Tc of the organic compound film-forming molecules of the monomolecular film or monomolecular layer accumulation 11Q is low and radiation io radiation 1114!1a The heat generation of the radiation absorbing layer 9 only by the irradiation on the absorbing layer 9 has sufficient responsiveness, and the response is satisfactory (' II,! Or is the molecular layer cumulative film 3 heated and heated?B5 is If the heating element layer 12 is formed, the heating element layer 12 is not required (it is not too large. Also, if the radiation intensity is sufficiently strong, the heating element layer 12 is not necessary. However, the first heating element layer 12 will be described later, so In FIG. 4(B), the explanation will be made assuming that the heating element layer 12 is not provided.The heating element layer 12 may also be provided in the transmission type display element shown in FIG. 4(A) if necessary. .The radiation absorption layer 9 has a width of 01
The radiation absorbing layer 9 is made of various inorganic or organic materials. (including multilayer films). Note that this radiation absorbing layer 9 itself is a thin layer and generally has poor support function, so it is common to add a radiation transparent support plate made of glass, plastic, etc. (not shown) as a plate. It is true. There are various types of organic compounds constituting the monomolecular film or monomolecular layer stack as described above, and those that are generally transparent to visible light are suitable; It does not matter whether or not it is transparent to lO. 13 is a lattice, which is a tli molecular film or a monomolecular layer i? tll! When J3 is not heated, the display element is illuminated by a person and the light passes through the transmissive display element, or is reflected by the reflective display element and emitted from the display element.
Light 7 is blocked. Display element D configured in this way
For E, radiation (#, infrared) 10 from the right side of the drawing
When irradiated with , the corresponding points on the radiation absorbing layer 9' generate heat.

In this way, a portion of the radiation absorbing layer 9 becomes 9. When heated, the middle molecules and
The film or monomolecular layer stack 3 is heated by thermal conduction, the temperature rises, and its physical properties change from before heating, forming a heated region 5 in the high temperature region of the monomolecular film or monomolecular layer stack i. Ru. When the illumination light 7 passing through the heating section 5 passes through the heating section 5, its optical path is changed by the mechanism described in 1ii7 in FIG. At least a part of the illumination IJI light 7 that has undergone this optical path change passes through the opening of the grating 13 when exiting the display element DE. On the other hand, all of the illuminating IJJ light 7 that does not pass through the heating section 5 is blocked by the grating 13, so when viewing the display element DE through the grating 13, the monomolecular film or monomolecular layer accumulation on which the heating tf&5 is formed The illumination light passing through the membrane part and the illumination light 7 passing through the non-heated part are distinguished.

Of course, the illumination light 1 passing through the non-heating part
”, when the heating part 5 is formed, the illumination light 7 passing through this part will be blocked by the grating 13, so there will be openings in the grating 13 through which the 119 bright light 7 will not pass, and the above-mentioned The opposite form of the example! Display elements such as and; are also possible.

Even if there is no grating 13, the monolayer or monolayer accumulation +
1! The direction of the illumination light 7 passing through the heating section 5 of J3 and the direction of the illumination light 7 passing through the non-heating section are different when exiting the display element DE. The illumination light 7 is optically discernible when viewed in the opposite direction.

Note that when irradiating the display element DE with the radiation 10,
Create a pattern that corresponds to a given image! It is also possible to use a laser light source to create a beam of 10
Although it is possible to simultaneously irradiate a large number of beams in a dot shape using a beam as a beam, it is also possible to use a method of scanning the radiation absorbing layer 9 with an l beam or an l line beam.

Furthermore, the direction in which the radiation 10 is irradiated is not limited to the illustrated example in the case of the transmissive display element DE shown in FIG. 4(A). That is, when the radiation 10 passes through the protective substrate 4 and the monomolecular film or the monomolecular layer cumulative film 3, it is also possible to irradiate the radiation 10 from the left side of the drawing. In addition, the display can be deleted by single molecule I+! ,! Or monolayer cumulative film 3
This is done naturally by cooling the heating section 5.

In the following, a method of forming display pixels by radiation heating has been explained, but in the present invention, the radiation absorbing layer 9 in FIG. Alternatively, it is also possible to conductively heat the monomolecular film or the monomolecular layer stack by bringing a heating element (not shown) close to or in contact with this.

In the invention, in order to further enhance the discrimination effect of display pixels, as mentioned above, n (reflection of visible light 11/, !11) is separately provided between the radiation absorption layer 9 and the monomolecular film or the monomolecular layer cumulative film. Such a reflection 11 must be formed of a high melting point metal material or metal compound material that does not melt itself during heat conduction.

In order to obtain an effective display in the wood invention, it is necessary to heat the surface of the monomolecular film or the monomolecular layer cumulative film 3 in contact with the radiation absorbing layer 9 and its vicinity. Alternatively, it is not a requirement that the surface of the monomolecular layer accumulation I15!3 in contact with the protective substrate 4 and its vicinity be covered. However, the higher the temperature of the surface of the monomolecular film or monomolecular layer stack 3 in contact with the heating surface of the radiation absorption layer 9 and its vicinity is higher than the temperature of the monomolecular film or monomolecular layer + Jl stack 3 in the surrounding area, As a result of experiments, it was found that the display contrast of the display element DE was improved. Furthermore, if this is actively utilized, it becomes possible to display halftones by varying the amount of heat for heating the monomolecular film or the monomolecular layer cumulative film 3.

Incidentally, the smaller the irradiation spot diameter for irradiating the radiation absorption layer 9'' with the radiation 10, the better the display contrast will be.The suitable spot diameter (diameter) of the radiation 10 is approximately 0.5PL-100. .

However, even if the radiation absorbing layer 9 is made black with the radiation 10 of a rectangular light beam having a width of 2×length of 1Offfffl, a surface small image can be obtained. In the detailed description of the present invention, the heating section 5 of a monomolecular film or a monomolecular layer stacked film, which is often used, includes the latter range.

However, even if the heating part 5 of a monomolecular film or a monomolecular layer accumulation film is not minute, the temperature of the heating surface is not uniform, so the heating part 5
If there is a difference between the direction of the optical path of light in the non-heated part and the direction of the optical path of light in the non-heated part, a discrimination effect will occur.

Therefore, in the present invention, rll, molecule-membrane or t
The heating section 5 of the p-layer stacked film is not limited to a minute range.

In the present invention, as shown in FIG. 4(B), one reflective film is not used in order to greatly speed up the formation speed of the heating section 5 of the monomolecular film or monomolecular layer cumulative film as the display pixel. In this case, when a reflective film is used between the radiation absorbing layer 9 and the monomolecular film or the monomolecular layer cumulative film 3 of the display element DE, the width m-line absorbing layer 9 and the reflective film 11 are In some cases, it may be desirable to provide a heating element layer 12 that generates heat using Joule heat to preheat a predetermined monomolecular film or monomolecular film stack.

At this time, if the radiation absorbing layer 9 or the reflective film 1.1 is a conductor, it is desirable to provide an insulating layer (not shown) between them and the heat generating layer 12.

As such a heating element layer 12, a linear heating element or a grid heating element (none of which are shown) corresponding to one or more scanning lines of a radiation beam is suitable. When 12 is a linear heating element, the heating portion is minute in this width direction 1i10, and it is thought that good display results can be obtained from δ. At this time, the irradiation of the radiation lO to the radiation absorbing layer 9 and the heating of the monomolecular film or the monomolecular layer accumulation film 3 by the heating element layer 12 can be synchronized.

Furthermore, in the present invention, the structure of the display element in which a corrosive component comes into direct contact with the monomolecular film or the monomolecular layer stack should be avoided, since this will shorten the life of the element. It is. This is because in a configuration in which a corrosive component is in contact with a monomolecular film or a monomolecular layer stack, chemical corrosion, thermal oxidation, etc. occur, and the display element is often damaged or deteriorated.

Therefore, in such cases, it is desirable to form a corrosion-resistant protective film (not shown) at the interface between the monomolecular film or the monomolecular layer stack and the corrosive component.

Materials for this protective film include dielectric materials such as silicon oxide and titanium oxide, and heat-resistant plastic materials. A reflective film may also serve as this protective film.

Note that when a metal or the like is used as the radiation absorbing layer 9, it is generally formed on a radiation transparent support plate as a substrate, so the radiation absorbing layer 9 is heated. There is no need to worry about it being oxidized by external air.If the radiation absorption rate of the radiation absorbing layer 9 is not perfect, an anti-reflection coating (not shown) may be applied to the side to which the radiation 10 is irradiated. By applying this, the radiation absorption rate of the radiation absorbing layer 9 can be significantly increased.

Next, the light valve type projection device will be explained with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6. A light valve (light t+) means a device that controls or adjusts light, and therefore, light from an independent light source is transferred to a suitable medium (in the case of the present invention, a monomolecular film or a monomolecular layer accumulation of a display element). This includes all displays that are controlled by a computer and projected onto a screen.This method, in principle, uses a stronger light source than self-luminous displays such as cathode ray tubes. Since the size and brightness of the display screen can be increased as much as possible, it is suitable for large screen displays that require 4.0 and 11 light.

Among them, the one shown in Fig. 5 is also called a Schlieren light valve, which changes the angle of 9M refraction, diffraction angle, or reflection angle of light to a monomolecular film or a monomolecular layer stack film as a control medium according to an input signal. This method creates different patterns or patterns due to confusion, converts the changes into bright and dark images using a schlieren optical system, and projects them onto a screen.

FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram for explaining the basic principle of the display device. The images of the angular slits of the first grating 13a are arranged so as to be formed on each bar of the second grating 13b by a schlieren lens 14 so as to be shielded from light. 111 between the Schlieren lens 14 and the second grating 13b
A transmission type display element DE (7) placed in 1 has a monomolecular film or rP as a medium.

The molecular layer stack a film is not heated and its physical properties (e.g.
1m refraction index) is uniformly smooth, all incident light passing through the first grating 13a is blocked by the second grating 13b and does not reach the screen 15. However, when a part of the monomolecular film or monomolecular layer stack 3 of the display element DE is heated by the heating element and reaches a high temperature, and a heated portion 5 of the monomolecular film or monomolecular layer stack is formed, Since the optical path of the passing light changes as described above, the incident light 16 passing therethrough reaches the screen 15 through the gap (opening) of the second grating 13b without being blocked by the second grating 13b. Therefore, the heating section 5 of the monomolecular film or monomolecular single layer cumulative film of the display element DE
If the imaging lens 17 is arranged so as to image the heating surface on which the heating surface is being heated or the medium surface near the heating surface on the screen 15,
A contrast image corresponding to the amount of temperature change of the monomolecular film or the monomolecular layer stack of the display element DE is obtained on the screen 15. Note that the first and second gratings 13a and 13 used for this
The closure of b may be linear or dotted.

Figure 6 shows Il! of a transmission type light valve type projection device. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an example of the arrangement of input means for a transmissive display element. 13a is a first grating, DE is a transmission type display element, 14 is a Schley lens, 13b is a second grating, 17 is an imaging lens, and 15 is a screen, the configuration of which is similar to the configuration of the display device in FIG. are doing. Signal light of radiation (mainly infrared rays) 10 modulated through a laser light source and a light modulator (not shown) is sent to a horizontal scanner 18-
The lens 20 is scanned horizontally by a rotating polygon mirror.
The radiation is vertically scanned by a rotating polygon mirror or a galvano mirror as a vertical scan 19, reflected by a cold filter 21, and transmitted to the radiation absorption layer 9 of the transmission type display element shown in FIG. 4(A). The monomolecular film or the monomolecular layer stack is heated in the form of a dot matrix to form a two-dimensional image of the heated portion 5 of the monomolecular film or the Ti molecular layer stack. On the other hand, since the incident light 16 that has passed through the first grating 13a passes through the cold filter 21, the monomolecular film of the display element DE converts rl into a molecular phoneme by the mechanism described above in FIG. 4'' to form a two-dimensional visible image corresponding to the heated portion 5 of the membrane. Of course, the radiation absorbing layer of the display element DE used in this figure must be transparent to visible light.

Note that semiconductor laser arrays or light emitting diode arrays (
If a horizontal scanner is used, the horizontal scanner can be omitted. Also cold filter and galvano mirror
may be shared.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a light valve type projection device as a display device according to the present invention.

22 is a video generation circuit that generates a video signal; 23 is a control circuit that controls the video signal and supplies this signal to the video amplification circuit 24 and the horizontal and vertical drive circuits 25; 26 is a laser light source; and 27 is a circuit from the laser light source. The light modulated by the optical modulator 27, which modulates the laser beam according to the signal from the video amplification circuit 24, enters the horizontal scanner 18 or the vertical scanner 19. Further, the horizontal scanner 18 and the vertical scanner 19 operate in response to drive signals synchronized with video signals from the horizontal and di direct drive circuits 25, respectively. The configuration of the other portions within the broken line is the same as the configuration described above, so the description thereof will be omitted.

The video signal output from the video generation circuit 22 is sent to the control circuit 2.
3 and is amplified by the video amplification circuit 24. The optical modulator 27 is driven by the input of the amplified video signal and modulates the laser beam emitted from the laser beam @i2e. On the other hand, a horizontal synchronization signal and a vertical synchronization signal are output from the control circuit 23, and the horizontal and vertical drive circuits? 5 drive a horizontal scanner 18 and a vertical scanner 19, respectively. In this way, a thermal two-dimensional image is formed within the monomolecular film or monomolecular layer stack of the display element DE. The subsequent configuration operations within the broken line are as described above and will be omitted here for simplicity. Note that when receiving TV main radio waves, a receiver may be used in place of the video generation circuit 22.

FIG. 8 shows an example of a color display element according to the present invention, and for convenience of explanation, the upper half is a transmissive display element and the lower half is a reflective display element in cross-sectional view. 9 is a radiation absorption layer, 11 is a reflection I+! ,! 28, which is not provided in the transparent display cluster shown in the upper half of this figure, is
The specific structure and manufacturing technology of the color mosaic filter have already been explained in detail in Japanese Patent Publication No. 52-13094 and Japanese Patent Publication No. 52-36019. As such, detailed explanation will be omitted here. 3 is an RI molecular film or a monomolecular layer cumulative film, and 4 is a protective substrate, and the elements constituting the display element DE except for the color mosaic filter 28 are as described in FIG.

In the illustrated example, the monomolecular film or monomolecular sound accumulation film 3 in contact with the red filter part (R) of the color mosaic filter 28 is heated by thermal conduction by the radiation absorption layer 9 that absorbs the radiation 10, and is heated by the radiation absorption layer 9 that absorbs the radiation 10. Heating section 5 of monomolecular film or monomolecular layer cumulative film
When this occurs, the collimated illumination light 7 that has been reflected by the reflective film 11 or transmitted through the radiation absorption layer 9 passes through the heating section 5 of the monomolecular film or monomolecular layer accumulation film, thereby causing
Due to the above-mentioned mechanism, the light passes through a bent optical path as shown by the two-dot chain line, which is different from the optical path of the light that would have passed in the absence of the heating section 5 as shown by the broken line, to the outside of the display element DE. It comes out. The white light passes through the red filter section (R
), the transmitted light or reflected light that comes out from the display element DE is only the light that makes red visible (hereinafter referred to as red light); the blue filter section (B) and the green filter section (G). The path of the light passing through the red filter section (R) is also the same as the path of the light passing through the red filter section (R). however,
In the case of FIG. 8, for the green filter section (G), only the light rays that do not pass through the heating section 5 are shown. In addition, when the incident light is white light, the light that passes through the blue filter section (B) is only the light that makes blue visible (hereinafter referred to as blue light), and only passes through the green filter section (G). The only light that is visible is green (hereinafter referred to as green light). When viewing the front/IQ element DE in the direction of the light passing through the heating section 5 of this monomolecular film or monomolecular layer cumulative film, an observer (not shown) can see 8 pseudo colors by the additive color method. It is something that is visualized. For example, the monomolecular film or monomolecular layer cumulative film 3 is simultaneously heated in the red filter part (R), green filter part (G), +'r color filter part CB) of the adjacent color mosaic filters 28. When the heating portion 5 is formed, an observer (not shown) can see white color. Furthermore, as explained in FIG. 4, the display element DE
By arranging a light-shielding grating (not shown) in front of the display element DE, only the light that passes through the heating section 5 of the monomolecular film or monomolecular layer stack is blocked (not shown) out of the light emitted from the display element DE. By passing the light through the apertures of the grid, it is possible to obtain a more vivid pseudo-color display using the additive coloring method.

FIG. 9 is a sectional view of another display element according to the present invention,
FIG. 9(A) shows a transmissive type display element, and FIG. 9(B) shows a reflective type display element.

In the figure, 3 indicates a monomolecular film or a monomolecular layer stack, and 4 indicates a protective substrate, which are elements having the same functions as those explained in FIG. 1. 29 is a thermally conductive insulating layer, and on both sides thereof, a plurality of heat generating resistance wires 30 and 31 as heat generating 'A' and J are arranged in a matrix shape so as to intersect with each other with the insulating layer in between. Next is the arrangement. 1 is a substrate serving as a support plate for the heat generating resistance wires 30 and 31 and the insulating layer 29. In the case of the transparent display element DH shown in FIG. 8(A), the heating resistance wires 30, 31, the substrate i, and the insulating layer 2θ are transparent.
31 is composed of a transparent thin film of indium tin oxide. In these display elements DE, only when the predetermined heating resistance wires 30 and 31 are both selected and generate heat, the display 11 is displayed in the monomolecular film or the monomolecular layer cumulative film 3 in the intersection area between the two. It is designed to form a heating section (not shown) in a high-temperature region. Further, as described above in FIG. 4, the reflective film 11 is provided as necessary.

Next, an example of matrix driving of such display elements will be explained in more detail using FIG. 1θ.

In the figure, DE indicates a display element, which has the same detailed configuration as explained in Figure 0'59. This display element DE has heat-generating resistance lines on the nail axes of X, Xm, Xn, Xo, and Xp (these are called row lines) and heat-generating resistance lines on the column axes of Yc, Yd, and Ye (these are called column lines). ), and one of the column lines Yc, Yd, and Ye is connected to a common DC power supply, and the other has its emitter grounded and is connected to the collector side of the transistors Tr1 to Tr3. Row lines Xi, Xm, Xn, Xo, Xp sequentially, heating ゛i
When the E flow pulse is applied, the middle molecular film or monomolecular layer cumulative film (not shown) corresponding to these row lines is sequentially heated linearly. ? Since the temperature is set to be equal to or less than the threshold value for heating display of the i-molecular layer cumulative film, a heated portion in a high temperature region for heating display is not generated in the monomolecular layer cumulative film. On the other hand, since the application of the heating current signal is not repeated, the emitter of the transistor TrI-Tr is changed.

By applying a pulse for the video signal to the base side of the transistors Trl to Tr3 and turning on the transistors Trl to Tr3, the \column lines Yc connected to these transistors Trl to Tr3, respectively.
, Yd, and Ye, predetermined video signals are applied.

By applying this video signal, the column conductors Yc, Yd, Y
Monolayer or monolayer accumulation corresponding to e +1! l! is heated linearly. As a result, at the intersection of the row line and the column line where the heating current pulse and the video signal are synchronized, heat is generated additively by both, and the heating process of the molecular film or the monomolecular layer accumulation film increases. exceeds the heating display threshold. A middle molecular film or monomolecular layer cumulative film heating section 5 is formed at the intersection of the selected row line and column line.

Note that in the above example, even when the driving method is changed as follows, images can be formed in exactly the same way. That is, even if it is modified so that a video signal is applied to the row lines and a heating current signal is applied to the column lines, the effect will be exactly the same. In this way, the display element DE illustrated in FIG. 9 also enables matrix driving. When the thickness of the monomolecular film or the cumulative monomolecular layer 11 of the display element DE is very thin, heat-generating resistor wires arranged in stripes are placed on both the transparent protective substrate side and the substrate side, as shown in the following. By installing it, the following effects will occur.

(p) The manufacturing process becomes simpler and the yield rate improves.

(?) Since the monomolecular or monomolecular layer stack is heated from both sides, thermal efficiency is good.

etc.

It is desirable to separately provide a heat sink to enhance the heat dissipation effect of the heat generating resistance wire. It is possible to use plate No. 1 (Plate 1 (Fig. 9)) as this heat dissipation plate. Note that it is not necessary that all of the internal T5 wires be formed by heating resistors. Rather, it is possible to save energy. From [1]-, only the intersection of the row line and the column line is constructed with a heating resistor, and the rest is A.
9. It can be said that it is preferable to construct it with a good conductor such as
However, there is a drawback that the manufacturing process is complicated.

Further, another example of a heat generating element as a heat generating element for configuring a display element suitable for matrix driving as shown in FIG. 10 will be explained with reference to FIG. 11.

FIG. 11 is an external perspective view schematically depicting a partial region of the heating element. In the figure, numeral 32 indicates a heat generating resistor layer, which is formed by forming a film of a known heat generating resistor (for example, nichrome alloy, hafnium boride, tantalum nitride, etc.) into a planar shape (11
It will be done. Although not shown, this resistance layer 32 naturally extends downward in the drawing. Also, 33a, 33b, 3
3c and 33d both have column conductor trQ-c, 34a,
Both 34b and 34c are row conductors. All of these conductive wires are made of good conductors such as gold, silver, copper, aluminum, etc. (Although not mentioned, the conductive wires are generally covered with an insulating film of Si02 (not shown). In the illustrated heat generation; A portion of the layer 32 is energized and generates heat.

In this way, any (row/column) intersection of the row conductor and the column conductor can be heated.

Therefore, the heating element shown in FIG.
In the display element incorporated in place of the heat generating element made of the insulating layer 29, a dot matrix image can be displayed using a matrix driving method similar to the example shown in FIG.

By the way, in the heating element shown in FIG. 11, the heating resistance layer 32 may be divided and provided only at the intersection of the row conducting wire 34 and the column conducting wire 33 (the conducting wires may be insulated from each other in other areas). This is possible, and in such a configuration (FIG. 12), it is possible to substantially prevent the occurrence of losstalk, which would be inconvenient to image formation faithful to the signal.

In the example of FIG. 11, the row conductors 34a, 34b...
(hereinafter referred to as row conductors 34) and column conductors 33a, 33b.
... (hereinafter referred to as the row conductor 33) is SiO+, Si3
Although they are arranged through an insulating film (not shown) such as N+, the insulating film in the intersection area of the row conductor 34 and the column conductor 33 is removed, and instead heating resistors 32a, 32b, . . .
(hereinafter referred to as heating resistor 3) is embedded.

Next, in FIG. 13, the heating element as the heating element shown in FIG. 12 is connected to the heating resistance wire 30 shown in FIG.
An example in which a display element incorporated in place of the heat generating element composed of the heat generating element 31 and the insulating layer 29 is driven in a matrix will be described in more detail. The nail shaft selection circuit 36 is a nail shaft drive circuit 37a.
, 37b, old... (hereinafter referred to as the material shaft drive 1j+1 path 37) are electrically coupled to each other by a signal line, and furthermore, each output terminal of each nail shaft drive circuit 37 is connected to each row conducting wire 34.
is combined with There are various ways to connect the output terminals and the row conducting wires 34, but in order to explain the basic aspect in this specification, there are as many output terminals as there are row conducting wires 34,
It is assumed that one output terminal is connected to the - row conducting wire.

Dynamic axis selection circuit 38, dynamic axis drive circuits 39a, 39b,...
(hereinafter referred to as the 9-column axis drive circuit 39) and the relationship between the column conductors 33. Image control circuit 4
The image control circuit 4o, which is electrically connected to the nail shaft selection circuit 36 and the dynamic axis selection circuit 38 by a signal line, determines which rod axis the nail shaft selection circuit 3B is using by outputting an image control signal. The same applies to the moving axis selection circuit 38. That is, the rod shaft selection circuit 36 selects the nail shaft drive circuit 3 according to the image control signal from the image control circuit 40.
Select a specific fi axis (row guide M) via one of 7 (
switch on). For example, when the nail shaft selection circuit 36 selects the row conductor Xp, it issues an Xp row selection signal, and in response, the nail shaft drive circuit 37Xp manually inputs a rod shaft drive signal to the row conductor Xp as well. On the other hand, the video signal, which is one of the image control signals from the image control circuit 40, is transmitted to the moving axis selection circuit 3.
8, the moving axis selection circuit 38 receives the command.
selects a predetermined moving axis (column conductor). For example, if the column conductor selection circuit 38 selects the column conductor Ye, the dynamic axis drive circuit 3
9Ye receives the Ye column selection signal issued from the dynamic axis selection circuit 38 and turns on the column conductor Ye (conducting). If the selection of the rod axis and the selection of the moving axis are done in cycles,
In this example, a current flows through the heating resistor at the intersection point (selected point, A heating section is formed. Although the leakage current flows also at the non-selected points, it is less than the heating part shape J & current value of the monomolecular film or the tr molecular layer cumulative film, so no heating part is formed in the monomolecular film or the monomolecular layer cumulative film. Further, by providing the heating resistor with a diode function, the leakage current can be made even weaker. In the same way as explained in FIG. 7, in FIG. 13, line-sequential scanning is performed using the material shaft drive signal,
In addition, a moving axis selection signal is outputted in synchronization with this, and a selected column conductor 33 is made conductive via the moving axis driving circuit 39, thereby making it possible to display a two-dimensional image. still,
The moving axis selection circuit 38 outputs a moving axis selection signal in response to a command from a video signal. At this time, the direction of the current flowing through the heating resistor does not matter. Such row and dynamic axis selection circuits 36, 38 and row and dynamic axis drive circuits 37.3
Reference numeral 9 is constructed using a known technique using shift transistors, L transistor arrays, and the like.

In addition, even in the matrix drive display method using the heating elements described above, the display element DE having the configuration shown in FIG. 9(B) as described above in FIG. 4(13) also has the following effects: If necessary, a monomolecular film or a monomolecular layer cumulative film 3 and a reflective film or a monomolecular layer +1Q or a monomolecular layer cumulative film 3 and a heating element (
For example, by interposing a corrosion-resistant silicon oxide film or silicon nitride film between the heat-generating resistance wire 30), reaction corrosion between the monomolecular film or monomolecular layer stack M1 film and these can be appropriately prevented by +17°. You can also.

In addition, the red filter ffB (R), the green filter fm CG), and the blue filter section (B) of the color mosaic filter shown in FIG. The display element shown [in IE, the intersection of the heating resistance wires 3o and 31, and the 12th
In the heating element shown in the figure, the eighth
By adopting the same configuration as the illustrated example, FIG.
It goes without saying that color display can be performed using the same principle as in FIG. 8 with a display element using each of the heating elements shown in FIG. 12.

Such a matrix drive type display element can also be applied to the light valve type projection device shown in FIGS. 5 and 6.

In addition to this, the present invention can display various colors by bonding dye molecules to organic compound film-forming molecules constituting a monomolecular film or a monomolecular layer stack.

Furthermore, optical fibers having a monomolecular film or a monomolecular layer accumulation film that can be controlled by light, electricity, ions, etc. by combining functional molecules such as photosensitive molecules, ferroelectric substances, and complexes with surface-active substances. elements can also be obtained.

The main effects of the present invention are summarized as follows.

(1) 1 of the heating part of a minute monomolecular film or a monomolecular layer cumulative film
(Since it is possible to arrange pixels in high density as display pixel units, high-resolution image display is possible.

(2) Still images or moving images including slow motion can be easily displayed by adjusting the duration of the heating portion of the monomolecular film or the monomolecular layer stack as display pixels.

(3) Multicolor display and full color display can be easily implemented.

(Since the structure of the 0 element is relatively simple, its productivity is excellent, and the element is highly durable and reliable.

(5) Applicable to a wide range of drive systems.

(8) Single molecule using Langmuir-Prodgett method
Since a film or a monomolecular layer cumulative film can be produced, it is extremely easy to increase the area.

(7) Since no liquid such as liquid crystal is used, manufacturing is easy and safe.

(8) Since the phase transition temperature is not so high, less gravity is required for display elements, etc., and the power supply section, that is, the light modulation station and display device can be made smaller.

(8) The optical element according to the present invention can be applied not only to display devices but also to light modulation equipment used in electrophotography and the like.

When utilizing the phase transition of a (lO) monomolecular film or a monomolecular layer stack, some molecules maintain a phase-transitioned state for a long time depending on the structure of the molecules constituting the stack. In such a case, the optical element according to the present invention can also be used as a recording device (material) or a storage device (material).

In order to explain the present invention more specifically, Examples are given below.

Example 1 A display element having the configuration shown in No. 4 [ff1(A)] was manufactured as follows.

A film with a thickness of 1500A was formed on the surface of a 50mm square glass substrate by sputtering (7) Gd -Tb @Fe
(Gadolini l'7 A'' 7-rupium iron) layer was deposited to form the radiation absorbing layer 9.
In order to prevent oxidation of b's Fe layer, 5i is added on top of it.
It was covered with 02 protection film. Next, L B IJ5! A cadmium araxinate l- monomolecular film was formed on the water surface of the fabrication device, and a Y quasi-cumulative film (4 layers) with a thickness of 10 g was formed on the surface J- of the 5i07 film using the vertical immersion method. As a protective substrate 4, a glass substrate was covered.Furthermore, a linear grating of 5 mm/mm was installed closely or in close proximity to the outer surface of the AT Kayake substrate 4.As a radiant heat source, a ray grating with a wavelength of 830 nm was installed.
A semiconductor laser emitting m was used. It was confirmed that a certain display effect could be achieved when driven under appropriate transmitted illumination.

Example 2 A display element having the configuration shown in FIG. 9(A) was manufactured as follows.

Indium nine e-oxide (I.T.0) having a thickness of 1500 Å was deposited on the surface of a 50 mm square glass substrate by sputtering. Next, using the Fo I enching method, 10 wood/l! A 1 m linear pattern is formed to obtain a transparent heat generating resistance wire 31. As the etching solution for IT-0, a mixed solution of ferric chloride aqueous solution and hydrochloric acid was used. Next, on the surface of the glass substrate on which the transparent IJIJ heating resistance wire 3I was installed, 5i (hllQ) with a thickness of 200 OA was deposited by sputtering method to form an insulating layer 28. (2) T.0 was attached, and a transparent heating resistance wire 30 was formed perpendicularly to the transparent heating resistance wire 31 by photo-etching.

Next, a monomolecular film of cadmium araxinate was formed on the water surface of the LBIIJ fabrication equipment, and a Si
Y-shaped nests with a film thickness of 10Ii and m on the surface of the 02 film JJILI
IQ was formed and a protective substrate 4 was placed thereon.

When operated under the above-mentioned transmitted illumination optical system, a predetermined display effect was obtained.

[BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS] FIG. 1(A) is a cross-sectional view of a transmissive display element related to unreleased IJ, FIG. 1(B) is a cross-sectional view of a reflective display element according to the present invention, Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a monomolecular layer stack, Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of phase transition phenomena in a monolayer stack, and Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a phase transition phenomenon in a monolayer stack.
The figure is an explanatory diagram of the image forming principle of the display element according to the present invention,
In the case of a transmissive display element, FIG. 4(A) is similar to FIG. 4(B).
is the case of 1 reflective display element. 5 and 6 are schematic diagrams of a light pulp type projection device incorporating a display element according to the present invention. FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a light valve type projection device as a display device according to the present invention. FIG. 8 is a sectional view of a color display element according to the present invention, and FIG.
The figures are cross-sectional views showing configuration examples of matrix-driven display elements according to the present invention, in which FIG. 9(A) is a transmissive display element, and FIGS. 11 and 12 are configuration examples of heating elements. FIG. 13 is a block diagram of a matrix drive display device according to the present invention. DE=Display element l Two substrates Two heat generating elements 3: Monomolecular film or monomolecular layer stack 4: Protective substrate 5: Heating section of monomolecular film or monomolecular layer stack 6 Film Heating section of heat generating element 7: Illumination light 8-1 = Mother wood group 8-2: Hydrophobic group 9: Radiation absorption layer 10: Reflective film 12 for radiation l: Heat generating layer 13: Grating 13a: First grating 13b: Second grating 14: Schlieren Lens 15 Screen 16: Incident light 17: Imaging lens 18 Two horizontal scanners 20, Lens 19: Vertical scanner 21: Cold filter 22: Image generation circuit 23: Control circuit 24: Image amplification circuit 25: Horizontal drive circuit, vertical drive Circuit 2G: Laser light source 27: Light modulator 28: Color mosaic filter 29: Insulating layer 30.31: Heat generating resistance wires 32, 32a, 32b, 32c, -: Heat generating resistor layer 1 Heat generating resistor 33.33a, 33b, 33c・-: Column conductor 34
．． 34a, 34b, 34cm: Row conductor 35:...
...Cross section 36: ...Material axis selection circuit 37.37a, 37b-: Material axis drive circuit 38: Column axis selection circuit 39.39a, 39b...: Column axis drive circuit 40 2-image control Engraving of circuit diagram 11 (changed to 1″J2) Fig. 1 Fig. 2 Fig. 3 Fig. Z (A) CB) Engraving of drawings Z and Z (no changes in content) Fig. 5 Fig. 6 drawing (No change in the content of the amendment) Figure 8 Figure 9 Procedural amendment (method) August 1980 Commissioner of the Patent Office Sir 1, Indication of the case 1981 Patent application No. 2214.3
No. 1, No. 2, Name of the invention Optical element 3, Person making the amendment Relationship with JJ¥ Applicant (100) Canon Co., Ltd. 4, Agent address: 6, 9-20, 1-9 Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Subject of amendment Drawing 7, Contents of amendment No. 1.5.6.7.8.10.11.
12. : Correct the H diagram as shown in the attached sheet.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1) A monomolecular film or a monomolecular layer stack consisting of an organic compound having at least a hydrophobic part and a parent wood part, and heat generation for heating the width molecular film or the monomolecular layer stack. An optical element having #+f characteristics. 2) The optical element according to claim 1, wherein the heating element is a radiation absorbing layer and/or a heating resistor.