JPS60114810A - Optical element - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To render an optical element usable for a light modulator, and devices, etc., capable of displaying an image high in resolution and good in quality by forming a monomolecular film made of an org. compd. molecule having at least a hydrophobic part and a hydrophilic part, or the laminated layer of the monomolecular films, and a heating element for heating it, and a colored filter. CONSTITUTION:One or >=2 kinds of org. compds. are selected as a film-forming molecule from a group of higher fatty acids, cyanine dyes. azo dyes, phospholipids, and long-chain dialkyl ammonium salts. A suitable thickness of a single molecular film or the laminated layer of the monomolecular films 3 is 3-300mum, especially, 30-300mum. Materials usable for a base 1 are glass, metals, such as aluminum, plastics, ceramics, etc., and materials suitable for a protective base 4 are glass and plastics having pressure resistance as high as possible and light transmittance, and especially, colorless or light-colored ones are preferable. Said heating element 2 generates heat in various forms, such as a dot matrix, dot lines, lines, or insular forms, and heats the monomolecular layer or their laminated layer by heat conduction.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a novel optical element, and particularly to an optical element used in light modulation devices, display devices, recording devices, storage devices, and the like.

Currently, cathode ray tubes (so-called CRTs) are widely used as terminal displays in various office equipment and measuring instruments, or as displays in televisions and video camera monitors. However, there are still complaints about C, R,...T that they do not reach the same level as hard copies made using silver halide or electrophotography in terms of image quality, resolution, and display capacity. . In addition, as an alternative to CRT, attempts are being made to commercialize so-called liquid crystal panels that display dot matrix images using liquid crystals. I haven't been able to get anything that I'm satisfied with yet.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to solve the problems that could not be solved by the conventional techniques in this technical field.

In other words, an object of the present invention is to provide an optical element used in a light modulation device, a display device that displays high-resolution, high-quality images, a recording device, a storage device, etc. that has excellent drive performance, productivity, durability, and reliability. Aimed at children.

The optical element of the present invention includes a monomolecular film or a monomolecular layer stack consisting of organic compound molecules having at least a hydrophobic part and a parent wood part, and a heating element for heating the monomolecular film or the monomolecular layer stack. and a colored filter layer.

Preferably, the filter layer is composed of a plurality of divided aggregates of different color parts.

Examples of display elements according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a display element in which only a monomolecular film or a monomolecular layer stack and a heat generating element are depicted for the sake of simplicity.
FIG. 1A shows a transmissive display element DE, and FIG. 1B shows a reflective display element DE. 1 is a substrate, 2 is a heating element, 3 is a monomolecular film or a monomolecular layer stack, and 4 is a protective substrate.

The principle behind the image formation of the transmission type display element shown in FIG. 1(A) is as follows.

A desired position of the heat generating element 2 is heated according to a certain pattern for image formation, and a physical property change is caused in the heated portion 5 of the monomolecular film or monomolecular layer accumulation film 3 on the heated heat generating element 2. When illumination light 7, which is parallel light, is incident from the substrate l side of this display element, the light passing through parts other than the heating section 5 and the light passing through the heating section 6 have different refractive indexes, and the optical path changes. do. Capture and display this change directly or indirectly.

In the reflective display element shown in FIG. 1(B), the irradiation light 7
Contrary to the transmission type, the light enters from the protective substrate 4 side and is reflected by a reflection film (not shown) provided on the substrate l side from the monomolecular film or monomolecular layer cumulative film 3. Changes in the optical path of reflected light reflected at other parts are captured and displayed.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the display element for more specifically explaining the image forming principle of the display element according to the present invention, and FIG.
) shows a transmissive display element, and FIG. 2(B) shows a reflective display element.

In the figure, 9 is a radiation absorbing layer that absorbs radiation 10 and generates heat, 3 is a monomolecular film or a monomolecular layer stack, and 4 is a protective substrate. In the reflective display element DE shown in FIG. 2(B), 11 is a reflective film for reflecting the illumination light 7 used for display, and 12 is a monomolecular film or a monomolecular layer accumulation. This is a heating element layer for preheating the membrane 3. These reflective films 11. The heating element layer 12 is not necessarily required for the display element DE, but is provided as necessary. For example, when the monomolecular film or the monomolecular layer cumulative film 3 is heated, when the radiation absorbing layer 9 has light reflective properties, the reflective film 1
1 is not used, and the Tc of the organic compound film forming molecules of the monomolecular film or monomolecular layer stack is low and radiation! (If the heating part 5 is formed by heating the monomolecular film or the monomolecular layer cumulative film 3 and the responsiveness is sufficient due to the heat generation of the radiation absorption layer 9 only by irradiation to the radiation absorption layer 9 of 1), , the heating element layer 12 is not provided.Also, the heating element layer 12 is not required when the radiation intensity is sufficiently strong.However, since the heating element layer 12 will be described later, in FIG. The explanation will be made assuming that the heating element layer 12 is not provided.The heating element layer 12 is also provided in the transmission type display element shown in FIG. This radiation absorbing layer 9 is made of various inorganic or organic materials (multi-layered). The radiation absorbing layer 9 itself has a film thickness of about several micrometers, so it generally has a poor supporting function, so a radiation-transparent support plate made of glass, plastic, etc. There are various types of organic compounds constituting the monomolecular film or monomolecular layer stack 3 as described below, and those that are transparent to visible light are generally suitable. However, there are infrared rays, etc.In contrast to radiation, it does not matter whether -C is transparent or not.13 is a grating, and when the monomolecular film or the monomolecular layer accumulation film 3 is not heated, The illumination light 7 that enters the display element and passes through the transmissive display element or is reflected by the reflective display element and exits from the display element is blocked. Then, the radiation from the right side of the drawing (especially,
When irradiated with infrared rays 10, corresponding points on the radiation absorbing layer 9 generate heat. When a part of the radiation absorption layer generates heat in this way, the monomolecular film or monomolecular layer stack 3 in the part that is in contact with or in close proximity to it is heated by thermal conduction, and the temperature rises. Its physical properties change from before heating, and a heated portion 5 in a high temperature region of the monomolecular film or monomolecular layer stack 3 is formed. When the illumination light 7 passing through the heating section 5 passes through the heating section 5, its optical path is changed by the mechanism described above in FIG. When at least a part of the illumination light 7 that has undergone this optical path change exits the display element DE,
It passes through the opening in the grid 13. On the other hand, all the illumination light 7 that does not pass through the heating section 5 is blocked by the grating 13, so when viewing the display element DE through the grating 13, the monomolecular film or monomolecular layer accumulation on which the heating section 5 is formed The illumination light passing through the membrane part and the illumination light 7 passing through the non-heated part are distinguished.

Of course, if the illumination light 7 passing through the non-heating section is made to pass through the opening of the grating 13, when the heating section 5 is formed,
Since the illumination light 7 passing through this portion is blocked by the grating 13, there are also openings in the grating 13 through which the illumination light 7 does not pass, and a display element having the reverse form of the above-mentioned example is also possible.

Even if there is no grating 13, the direction of the illumination light 7 passing through the heating section 5 of the monomolecular film or monomolecular layer stack 3 and the direction of the illumination light 7 passing through the non-heating section are the same as those emitted from the display element DE. Since the illumination light beams 7 are different from each other, the illumination light beams 7 can be optically distinguished when viewed in the direction in which either one of the light beams comes.

Note that when irradiating the display element DE with the radiation 10,
It is possible to irradiate in a pattern corresponding to a predetermined image, or it is possible to use a laser light source to irradiate a large number of beams at once in the form of a dot using radiation lO as a beam. Alternatively, a method may be adopted in which the radiation absorbing layer 9 is scanned with an l-line beam.

Furthermore, the direction in which the radiation 10 is irradiated is not limited to the illustrated example in the case of the transmissive display element DE shown in FIG. 2(A). That is, when the radiation 10 passes through the protective substrate 4 and the monomolecular film or the monomolecular layer stack 3, it is also possible to irradiate the radiation 10 from the left side of the drawing. Note that the display 1 can be erased by heating the heating section 5 of the monomolecular or monomolecular layer cumulative film 3.
This is done naturally by cooling.

Although the method for forming display pixels by applying radiation has been described above, in the present invention, the radiation absorbing layer 9 in FIG. It is also possible to modify the monomolecular film or the monomolecular layer stack by bringing a heating element (not shown) in close proximity to or in contact with this to heat the monomolecular film or the monomolecular layer stack by conduction.

In the present invention, in order to further enhance the discrimination effect of display pixels, a visible light reflecting film 11 may be separately interposed between the radiation absorbing layer 9 and the monomolecular film or the monomolecular layer cumulative film as described above. can. Such a reflective film 11 needs to be formed of a high melting point metal material or metal compound material that does not melt itself during heat conduction.

In order to obtain an effective display in the present invention, it is necessary to heat the surface of the monomolecular film or the monomolecular layer cumulative film 3 in contact with the radiation absorbing layer 9 and its vicinity. Or, it is not a requirement that the surface of the monomolecular layer stacked film 3 that is in contact with the protective substrate 4 and the vicinity thereof be covered. Experiments have shown that the higher the temperature of the surface and its vicinity is than the temperature of the monomolecular film or monomolecular layer stack 3 in the peripheral region, the better the display contrast of the display element DE is improved.

Furthermore, if this is actively utilized, it becomes possible to display halftones by varying the amount of heat for heating the monomolecular film or the monomolecular layer stack 3. ' Note that the smaller the irradiation spot diameter for irradiating the radiation 10 onto the radiation absorbing layer 9, the better the contrast of the display, and the preferred spot diameter (diameter) of the radiation 10 is 0.5#Lm to 100I.
L11th position is appropriate.

However, a display image can be obtained even if the radiation absorbing layer 9 is irradiated with radiation lO of a rectangular light beam having a width of 2 cm and a length of 10 layers. In the detailed description of the present invention, the heating section 5 of a monomolecular film or a monomolecular layer stacked film, which is often used, includes the latter range. However, even if the heated part 5 of a monomolecular or monomolecular layer stack film is not very small, the temperature of the heated surface is not uniform, so the direction of the optical path of light in the heated part 5 and the optical path of light in the non-heated part are different. If a difference occurs in the direction of , a discrimination effect occurs.

Therefore, in the present invention, the heating portion 5 of the monomolecular film or monomolecular layer stack 81 film is not limited to a minute range.

In the present invention, as shown in FIG. 2(B), in order to greatly speed up the formation speed of the heating section 5 of the monomolecular film or monomolecular layer cumulative film even as a display pixel, a reflective film is not used. In this case, when a reflective film is used between the radiation absorption layer 9 and the monomolecular film or monomolecular layer cumulative film 3 of the display element DE,
In some cases, it may be desirable to provide a heating element layer 12 that generates heat by Joule heat between the radiation absorbing layer 9 and the reflective film 11 to preheat a predetermined monomolecular film or monomolecular layer stack.

At this time, if the radiation absorbing layer 9 or the reflective film 11 is a conductor, it is desirable to provide an insulating layer (not shown) between them and the heat generating layer 12.

As such a heating element layer 12, a dowel, a linear heating element corresponding to one or more scanning lines of a radiation beam, a grid-shaped heating element (none of which are shown), etc. are suitable. When the heating element layer 12 is a linear heating element, it is thought that good display results can be obtained because the heating portion is minute in the width direction. At this time, the radiation absorption layer 9 is irradiated with radiation lO and the heating element layer 1
It is preferable to synchronize the heating of the monomolecular film or monomolecular layer stack 3 by 2. Examples of the material for such a heating element layer 12 include metal compounds such as hafnium boride and tantalum nitride, and alloys such as nichrome.

Furthermore, in the present invention, the structure of the display element in which a corrosive component comes into direct contact with the monomolecular film or the monomolecular layer stack should be avoided, since this will shorten the life of the element. It is. This is because in a configuration in which a corrosive component is in contact with a monomolecular film or a monomolecular layer stack, chemical corrosion, thermal oxidation, etc. occur, and the display element is often damaged or deteriorated.

Therefore, in such cases, it is desirable to form a corrosion-resistant protective film (not shown) at the interface between the monomolecular film or the monomolecular layer stack and the corrosive component.

Examples of the material for this protective film include dielectrics such as silicon oxide and titanium oxide, heat-resistant plastics, and the like. A reflective film may also serve as this protective film.

Note that when a metal or the like is used as the radiation absorption layer 9, it is generally formed into a film on a radiation-transparent support plate as a substrate. There is no need to worry about it being oxidized by external air,
If the radiation absorption rate of the radiation absorption layer 9 is not perfect,
An anti-reflection film (not shown) is placed on the side that is irradiated with radiation lO.
By applying this, the absorption rate of the radiation 10 of the radiation absorption layer 9 can be significantly increased.

FIG. 3 shows an example of a color display element according to the present invention, and for convenience of explanation, the upper half is a transmissive display element and the lower half is a reflective display element in a cross-sectional view. 9 is a radiation absorption layer, 11 is a reflective film, which is not provided in the transmissive display element shown in the upper half of this figure, and 28 is a color mosaic filter, the specific structure and manufacturing technology of which are described below. This is already explained in detail in Japanese Patent Publication No. 52-1301114 and Japanese Patent Publication No. 52-38019.
A detailed explanation will be omitted here. 3 is a monomolecular film or a monomolecular layer stack, 4 is a protective substrate, and 28 is a color mosaic filter.

In the illustrated example, the monomolecular film or monomolecular layer cumulative film 3 in contact with the red filter portion (R) of the color mosaic filter 28 is heated by thermal conduction by the radiation absorbing layer 9 that absorbs the radiation 10, and is heated by the radiation absorption layer 9 that absorbs the radiation 10. Heating section 5 of monomolecular film or monomolecular layer cumulative film
When this occurs, the collimated illumination light 7 that has been reflected by the reflective film 11 or transmitted through the radiation absorption layer 9 passes through the heating section 5 of the monomolecular film or monomolecular layer accumulation film, thereby causing
Due to the above-mentioned mechanism, light travels outside the display element DE through a curved optical path as shown by the two-dot chain line, which is different from the optical path of the light that would have passed in the absence of the heating section 5 as shown by the broken line. It comes out. The white light passes through the red filter section (R
), the transmitted light or reflected light that comes out from the display element DE is only the light that makes red visible (hereinafter referred to as red light); the blue filter section (B) and the green filter section (G). The path of the light passing through the red filter section (R) is also the same as the path of the light passing through the red filter section (R). however,
In the case of FIG. 3, only the light rays that do not pass through the heating section 5 are shown for the green filter section CG). Furthermore, when the incident light is white light, the light that has passed through the blue filter section (B) is only the light that makes blue visible (hereinafter referred to as blue light), and the light that has passed through the green filter section (G). The light is only the light that makes green visible (hereinafter referred to as green light).The display element DE If you see
An observer (not shown) sees the pseudo colors created by the additive coloring method.
, when the heating part 5 is formed by simultaneously heating the monomolecular film or the monomolecular layer cumulative film 3 in the blue filter part (B),
An observer (not shown) can see white.

Furthermore, as explained in FIG. 2, by arranging a light-shielding grating (not shown) in front of the display element DE, the light emitted from the display element DE can be absorbed by a monomolecular film or a monomolecular layer cumulative film. By passing only the light that has passed through the heating section 5 through the opening of a light-shielding grating (not shown), a clearer pseudo-color display using the additive coloring method can be obtained.

As the constituent molecules of the monomolecular film or monomolecular layer stack of the optical element of the present invention, a wide variety of organic compounds can be used as long as they have a hydrophobic part and a parent part within the molecule.

Examples of such organic compounds include the following.

(1) Higher fatty acid CH3(CH2)14 COOH CH3CCH2) lb C00H CH3(OH2), 8' C00H CH3(CH2)4 (CH=CI(GH214(CH
2)2 C00)l()(2= ()I(C;R2)!
1 C00HCH2= CHCCH2) +s C00
HCH2= 0H(CH2)2゜C00)l(R3(C
H2) 17 CC0OH 1 CR2 CH3(CH2)a Cia CCmiC(CH2)s
C00HOH3(CH2)9c=cc set C(C:H
z)a C00H(:R3(CH2) 1□ C=C-
CmiC(C)Iz)a C00HCH3(CH2)13
C=C-C= CCCH2)s (:00H(2) General formula of cyanine dye: X group, n is 0 or a positive integer).

tl (11) (1) (to) (to) In the formulas II to X, Z is N-R1,05Se, C(Me
)'z, Y is H or 1* 2- M e te,
R1 is an alkyl group of 01-4, and R2 is C1°-3
0 alkyl group.

Specific examples of the cyanine dye represented by general formula I are illustrated below.

R4R1 (3) Azo dye (R2 is a C1-3o alkyl group) (4)
Phospholipid lecithin sphingomyelin plasmamalogen kephalin (5) long chain sialkyl ammonium salt (Ill is an integer of .~J0) A method for creating a monolayer film or a monolayer cumulative film using the above organic compound is as follows. , for example, ■.

The Langmuir-Prodgett method (LB method) developed by Langmuir et al. is used. The Langmuir-Blodgett method is based on the Langmuir-Blodgett method, in which a molecule has a parent wood group and a hydrophobic group within the molecule, and when the balance between the two (balance of amphiphilicity) is maintained appropriately, the molecule has a parent wood group on the water surface. This is a method of creating a monomolecular film or a cumulative film of monomolecular layers by using the fact that the film turns downward into a monomolecular layer. A monolayer on the water surface has the characteristics of a two-dimensional system. When the molecules are sparsely dispersed, the two-dimensional ideal gas equation, nA = kT, holds between the area per molecule A and the surface pressure ■, resulting in a “gas film °゛.Here, k is Portzmann's constant, T, is the absolute temperature.If A is made sufficiently small, the intermolecular interaction becomes strong, resulting in a two-dimensional solid condensation film (or solid film). The coagulated vaginal membranes can be transferred layer by layer to the surface of a substrate such as glass. Using this method, a monomolecular film or a monomolecular layer stack is produced, for example, as follows.

First, an organic compound is dissolved in a solvent, and this is expanded into an aqueous phase to precipitate the organic compound in the form of a film. Next, to prevent this precipitate from freely diffusing on the aqueous phase and spreading too much, a partition plate (or float) is installed to limit the area of development and control the state of aggregation of the membrane material, and Obtain surface pressure ■.

By moving this partition plate, the developed area can be reduced to control the state of aggregation of the film material, and the surface pressure can be gradually increased to set the surface pressure (2) suitable for producing a cumulative film. The monomolecular film is transferred onto the substrate by gently raising and lowering the clean substrate vertically while maintaining this surface pressure. A monomolecular layer film is produced as described above, and a monomolecular layer cumulative film having a desired degree of accumulation is formed by repeating the above-mentioned operations.

The film-forming molecules are selected from one or more of the above organic compounds.

The thickness of the monomolecular film or monomolecular layer cumulative film is 308 to 300.
JL II is suitable, especially 3QOOA ~30 g
m is suitable.

In addition to the above-mentioned vertical dipping method, methods such as horizontal deposition method and rotating cylinder method can be used to transfer the monomolecular layer onto the substrate. The horizontal deposition method is a method in which the substrate is brought into horizontal contact with the water surface and transferred, and the rotating cylinder method is a method in which a cylindrical substrate is rotated on the water surface to transfer a monomolecular layer onto the surface of the substrate. In the vertical dipping method described above, when the substrate is lowered in a direction across the water surface, a monomolecular layer is formed on the substrate with the parent wood group facing the substrate as the first layer. When the substrate is moved up and down as described above, one monolayer is overlapped with each step. Since the direction of the film-forming molecules is reversed between the pulling process and the dipping process, according to this method, a Y-shaped film is formed in which the parent wood groups and the parent wood groups and the hydrophobic groups face each other between each layer. A schematic diagram of the monomolecular layer cumulative film thus prepared is shown in FIG. In the figure, 8-1 is a parent tree group, and 8-2 is a hydrophobic group.

On the other hand, the horizontal deposition method is a method in which the substrate is brought into horizontal contact with the water surface and transferred, and a monomolecular layer with hydrophobic groups facing the substrate is formed on the substrate. In this method, there is no change in the direction of the film-forming molecules even if the films are accumulated, and an X-type film is formed in which the hydrophobic groups face the substrate side in all layers. On the other hand, a cumulative film in which parent wood groups in all layers face the substrate side is called an X-type film.

The rotating cylinder method is a method in which a cylindrical substrate is rotated on the water surface to transfer a monomolecular layer onto the surface of the substrate.

The method of transferring the monomolecular layer onto the substrate is not limited to these methods, and when using a large-area substrate, a method of extruding the substrate from a substrate roll into an aqueous phase may also be used.

Furthermore, the orientation of the aforementioned parent wood group and hydrophobic group toward the substrate is a general rule, and can be changed by surface treatment of the substrate, etc.

Other methods for creating a monomolecular film or a monomolecular layer stack include a sputtering method, a plasma polymerization method, and a bilayer film production method.

Examples of materials that can be used as the substrate 1 include glass, metals such as aluminum, plastics, and ceramics. In the case of the transmission type shown in FIG. 1(A), it is preferable to use pressure-resistant and transparent glass or plastic, especially colorless or light-colored ones. Also,
If the substrate surface is insufficiently cleaned, the monomolecular layer will be disturbed when it is transferred from the water surface, making it impossible to form a good monomolecular film or monomolecular layer accumulation, so use a substrate with a clean surface. There is a need.

As the protective substrate 4, a pressure-resistant and transparent glass or plastic is suitable, and a colorless or light-colored one is particularly preferable. Providing the protective substrate 4 is preferable in order to improve the durability and stability of the monomolecular film or the monomolecular layer accumulation, but depending on the selection of the film-forming molecules, the protective substrate may not be provided. There is no need to provide either.

The heating element 2 has a dot matrix shape (dot row shape),
It generates heat in various forms such as a dotted line shape, a line shape, an island shape, etc., and heats a monomolecular film or a monomolecular layer stacked film by heat conduction.

Examples of the heat generating element 2 include those that utilize radiation heating such as infrared rays, and those that utilize Joule heat such as resistance heating. As the former, various inorganic or organic materials are suitable, such as Gd@Tb*Fe alloys, inorganic pigments such as carbon black, organic dyes such as nigrosine, and organic pigments such as azo. As the latter, metal compounds such as hafnium boride and tantalum nitride, and alloys such as nichrome are suitable. The film thickness of the heating element 2 affects energy transfer efficiency and resolution. From these points of view,
A suitable film thickness of the heat generating element 2 is between too much and 20 (IOA). When the display element is a transmissive type, the heat generating element 2 is required to be transparent to visible light.

However, even if the heating element 2 is not specially provided, the substrate 1 can also serve as the heating element by selecting a substrate material having the above characteristics.

As the reflective film, a metal film, dielectric mirror, etc. using a high melting point metal material or metal compound material is provided on the substrate l side from the monomolecular film or monomolecular layer cumulative film 3 by sputtering, vapor deposition, or the like. Similar to the heat generating element 2, the reflective film can also be formed by selecting a material that can reflect light for the substrate l.
It can also be used as .

A monomolecular film or a monomolecular layer stack on a substrate is sufficiently strongly fixed and rarely peels or peels off from the substrate. An adhesive layer can also be provided between the monomolecular layer stacks. Furthermore, the adhesive force can be strengthened by selecting the monomolecular layer formation conditions, for example, the hydrogen ion concentration of the aqueous phase, the ion species, or the surface pressure in the case of the LB method.

The above-mentioned change in physical properties in the heating section 5 particularly means a change in optical properties, such as the refractive index of a single molecule or a molecular assembly constituting a monolayer cumulative film,
It means changes in density, polarizability, etc., and phase transition. For example, regarding the refractive index, it is assumed that the monomolecular film or the monomolecular layer accumulation [3] rises from the temperature t''C to the temperature (t+Δt)''c due to the heat generated by the heating portion 6 of the heat generating element 2. In this case, if the refractive index of the monomolecular film or monomolecular layer stack at temperature t'0 is N, and if this refractive index at temperature (t+Δt)°C is N+ΔN, then the refractive index gradient is ΔN/Δ
The rate of change in the refractive index, that is, the change in the refractive index with respect to temperature is small, but the monomolecular film or monomolecular layer cumulative film 3 near the heating part 6 of the heating element When a microscopic region of Light is refracted, scattered, diffracted, etc. in a region large in size.

Other parts of the heat generating element 2 where the heating part 6 of the heat generating element 2 generates heat to such an extent that the physical properties of the monomolecular film or the monomolecular layer cumulative film 3 change as described above to form the heating part 5. Since no heat is generated, there is almost no change in the physical properties of the corresponding monomolecular film or monomolecular layer stack 3 in the low temperature region, and the physical properties are approximately uniform. Even in the low-temperature region, it is actually heated by heat conduction from the heating part, etc., and the optical properties change, but from the perspective of changes in the heating part,
It is relatively negligible.

The illumination light 7 passing through the heating part 5 of the monomolecular layer or monomolecular layer stack is refracted, scattered, diffracted, etc. by the refractive index gradient (gradient index) thermally generated in this part, and the illumination light 7 passes through the heating part 5 of the monomolecular layer or monomolecular layer accumulation film. The light does not travel straight through the monomolecular layer accumulation HM 3 but is refracted and changes its optical path. Therefore, the illumination light 7 that passes through the heating section 5 of the monomolecular film or the monomolecular layer accumulation film and the illumination light 7 that does not pass through it do not become parallel light when they exit the display element DE. Their emission directions are different from each other. When the heating part 6 of the heat generating element 2 stops heating, the heating part 5 of the monomolecular film or the monomolecular layer stack is cooled down and disappears, and the directions of the illumination lights 7 emitted from the display element DE all become the same direction. Therefore, the illumination light 7 that passes through the high-temperature region of the heating section 5 of the monomolecular film or monomolecular layer stack 3, and the illumination light 7 that passes through the low-temperature region of the monomolecular film or monomolecular stack stack that is not the heating section. are optically identified.

The aforementioned phase transitions are caused by changes in temperature, pressure, etc. The temperature at which a phase transition occurs, that is, the phase transition temperature (Tc
) is specific to each substance, and it is particularly preferable that the organic compound forming a monomolecular film or a monomolecular layer accumulation film has a crystalline phase below Tc and undergoes a phase transition to a liquid crystal phase above Tc. 50~10G”0 is suitable.
For example, the Tc of dialkylammonium salt is 20°C to 6
It is 0°C. Generally, Ding c is.

Tc increases with alkyl chain length. FIG. 3 schematically shows phase transition development in the case of a dialkyl ammonium salt. As described above, the refractive index change is approximately proportional to the temperature change, but the refractive index changes significantly before and after Tc. Therefore, it is more preferable to set the heating temperature to Tc or higher. Of course, it goes without saying that if a sufficient refractive index change can be obtained below Tc, there is no need to set it above Tc.

Furthermore, by appropriately selecting the constituent molecules of the cumulative film, the film undergoes a phase transition from a crystalline phase to a liquid crystalline phase, or from a certain type of liquid crystalline phase to a certain type of liquid crystalline phase, thereby exhibiting light scattering or opacity. Changes in physical properties other than the refractive index due to phase transitions such as light scattering can also be used for elaboration.

Although the display element according to the present invention can be directly viewed under certain illumination conditions (for example, illumination with parallel light), its use and utility value as a display device can be further improved by combining it with an imaging optical system described below. spreads. In the case of direct view display of a transmissive display element, display pixels are determined based on the difference in the amount of light that reaches an observation eye (not shown) positioned with respect to the direction of the light that has passed through the heating section 5 of the monomolecular film or monomolecular layer cumulative film. can be identified. Using light scattering due to phase transition, direct viewing display is simpler and more effective.

In the case of a combination of a reflective display element and an imaging optical system described below, the imaging position of the heating unit 5 of the monomolecular film or monomolecular layer stacked film by the imaging optical system and the position that is not heated by the heating element 2 (A monomolecular film or a monomolecular layer cumulative film 3
By defocusing the low-temperature region portion (hereinafter referred to as non-heated portion) of the monomolecular film or monomolecular layer stacked film 3 (including the case where the monomolecular layer is preheated) due to the difference in the imaging position by the imaging optical system. Identification of display points is made more clearly. Therefore, by defocusing, a bright spot can be inverted and displayed as a dark spot. When the imaging optical system described later is not used, the illumination light 7 is used to increase the display effect of the display element.
The display effect can be dramatically improved by using parallel light and adding a light-shielding grating as described below. In FIG. 1, if the heat generating element 2 does not reflect light, a light reflective metal film,
A dielectric mirror or the like may be interposed.

In addition, in FIG. 1, in order to make the explanation easier to understand, the light flux that enters the display element DE is shown as parallel light, but this is not limited to parallel light.In terms of wood, the light that enters the display element DE is a heat-generating element. 2 A high-temperature region of the monomolecular film or monomolecular layer stacked film 3, that is, a heating part 5, is formed in the optical path by the heat generated by the heating part 6, so that the optical path changes compared to the optical path before the heating part 5 is not formed. It takes advantage of the fact that

Next, the light valve type projection device will be explained with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7. Light pulp (light valve) refers to a device that controls or adjusts light, and therefore, light from an independent light source is transferred to a suitable medium (in the case of the present invention, a monomolecular film or a stack of monomolecular layers of one display element). All displays that are controlled and projected onto a screen are included in this category. Compared to self-emitting displays such as cathode ray tubes, this method can, in principle, increase the size and brightness of the display screen by increasing the intensity of the light source used. suitable for

Among them, the one shown in Fig. 5 is also called a Schlieren light valve, and it adjusts the refraction angle, diffraction angle, or reflection angle of light to a monomolecular film or a monomolecular layer cumulative film, which is a control medium, according to an input signal. This method creates different patterns of light or scattering patterns, converts the changes into brightness and darkness using a schlieren optical system, and projects them onto a screen.

FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram for explaining the basic principle of the display device. The images of each slit of the first grating 13a are arranged so as to be respectively formed by a schlieren lens 14 onto each bar of the second grating 13b so as to be shielded from light. IJ between Schlieren lens 14 and second grating 1.3b
If the monomolecular film or the monomolecular layer cumulative film as a medium of the transmission type display element DB placed in l is not heated and its physical properties (for example, refractive index) are uniformly smooth, Lattice 1
All the incident light that has passed through 3a is blocked by the second grating 13b and does not reach the screen 15. However, when a part of the monomolecular film or monomolecular layer stack 3 of the display element DE is heated by the heating element and reaches a high temperature, and a heated portion 5 of the monomolecular film or monomolecular layer stack is formed, Since the optical path of the passing light changes as described above, the incident light 16 passing therethrough is not blocked by the second grating 13b and reaches the second grating 13.
It reaches the screen 15 through the gap (opening) b.

Therefore, if the imaging lens 17 is arranged so that the heating surface heating the heating section 5 of the monomolecular film or monomolecular layer cumulative film of the display element DE or the medium surface in the vicinity thereof is imaged on the screen 15, A contrast image corresponding to the amount of temperature change of the monomolecular film or the monomolecular layer stack of the display element DE is obtained on the screen 15. Note that the first and second gratings 13a used for this
The openings 13b and 13b may be linear or dotted.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a transmission type light valve type projection device, and shows an example of the arrangement of signal input means for a transmission type display element. 13a is a first grating, DH is a transmission type display element, 14 is a Schley lens, 13b is a second grating, 17
1 is an imaging lens, and 15 is a screen, the construction of which is similar to that of the display device shown in FIG. Radiation modulated through a laser light source and a light modulator (not shown) (mainly,
The signal light (infrared rays) 10 is horizontally scanned by a rotating polygon mirror serving as a horizontal scanner 18, and passes through a lens 2o.
It is vertically scanned by a rotating polygon mirror or a galvanometer mirror as a vertical scanner 18, reflected by a cold filter 21, and imaged on the radiation absorption layer 9 of the transmission type display element shown in FIG. 2(A), A monomolecular film or a monomolecular layer accumulation film is heated in a dot matrix shape to form a two-dimensional image of the heated portion 5 of the monomolecular film or monomolecular layer accumulation film. On the other hand, since the incident light weight 6 that has passed through the first grating 13a passes through the cold filter 21, a monomolecular film or a monomolecular layer cumulative film of the display element DE is formed on the screen 15 by the mechanism described above in FIG. A two-dimensional visible image corresponding to the heating section 5 is formed. Of course, the radiation absorbing layer of the display element DE used in this figure must be transparent to visible light.

Note that semiconductor laser arrays or light emitting diode arrays (
If a horizontal scanner is used, the horizontal scanner can be omitted. Also cold filter and galvano mirror
may be shared.

FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a light valve type projection device as a display device according to the present invention.

22 is a video generation circuit that generates a video signal; 23 is a video generation circuit that controls the video signal and sends this signal to a video amplification circuit 24 and a horizontal
2B is a laser light source; 27 is an optical modulator that modulates the laser beam from the laser light source according to a signal from the video amplification circuit 24; the light modulated by the optical modulator 27 is as follows: The light enters a horizontal scanner 18 or a vertical scanner 19. Further, the horizontal scanner 18 and the vertical scanner 19 operate in response to drive signals synchronized with the video signals from the horizontal and vertical drive circuits 25, respectively.

The configuration of the other portions within the broken line is the same as the configuration described above, so the description thereof will be omitted.

The video signal output from the video generation circuit 22 is sent to the control circuit 2.
3 and is amplified by the video amplification circuit 24. The optical modulator 27 is driven by input of the amplified video signal and modulates the laser beam emitted from the laser light source 26. on the other hand,
A horizontal synchronization signal and a vertical synchronization signal are output from the control circuit 23 and drive the horizontal scanner 18 and the vertical scanner 18 via the horizontal and vertical drive circuits 25, respectively. In this way, a thermal two-dimensional image is formed within the monomolecular film or monomolecular layer stack of the display element DE. The subsequent configuration operations within the broken line are as described above and will be omitted here for simplicity. Note that when receiving TV main radio waves, a receiver may be used in place of the video generation circuit 22.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of another display element according to the present invention,
FIG. 9(A) shows a transmissive type display element, and FIG. 9(B) shows a reflective type display element.

In the figure, 3 is a monomolecular film or a monomolecular layer stack, 4 is a protective substrate, and 28 is a color mosaic filter, which have the same functions as those explained in FIGS. 1 and 3. It is an element that has. 28 is a thermally conductive insulating layer, and a plurality of heating resistance wires 30 and 31 as heating elements are provided on both sides of the layer.
2 in a matrix shape so as to intersect each other with an insulating layer in between.
Next is the arrangement. l is these heating resistance wire 30.3
1 and an insulating layer 28 . In the case of the transmissive display element DE shown in FIG. 9(A), the heating resistance wires 30.31, the substrate l, and the insulating layer 28 are transparent; for example, the heating resistance wires 30.31 are made of indium tin. It consists of a transparent thin film of oxide. In these display elements DE, only when the predetermined heating resistance wires 30 and 31 are both selected and generate heat, it is possible to display in the monomolecular film or the monomolecular layer cumulative film 3 in the intersection area of both. It is designed so that a heating part (not shown) in a high temperature region is formed. The color mosaic filter may be provided at least at the intersection of the heating resistance wires 30 and 31. Also,
As described above in FIG. 2, the reflective film 11 is provided as necessary.

Next, an example of matrix driving of such display elements will be explained in more detail using FIG.

In the figure, DE indicates a display element, which has the same detailed configuration as explained in FIG. 9. This display element DE is X/!
, Xs , , Xn, Xo, Xp (7) Consists of heating resistance wires on the row axis (these are called row lines) and heating resistance wires on the column axis of Yc, Yd, Ye (these are called column lines), etc. One of the columns 1iYc, Yd, and Ye is connected to a common DC power supply, and the other has its emitter grounded and is connected to a transistor T.
It is connected to the collector side of r1 to Tr3.

Row lines XA, Xm, Xn, Xo, Xp sequentially,
When a heating current pulse is applied, the monomolecular film or monomolecular layer cumulative film (not shown) corresponding to these row lines is sequentially heated linearly. Alternatively, since the heating value is set to be less than or equal to the trowel value for heating display of the monomolecular layer cumulative film, a heating area in the high temperature region for heating display is not generated in the monomolecular film or the monomolecular layer cumulative film. On the other hand, in synchronization with the application of the heating current signal, a video signal pulse is applied to the pace side of the transistors Trl to Tr3 whose emitters are grounded to turn on the transistors Trl xTr3, thereby connecting these transistors Trl to Tr3, respectively. ing. Predetermined video signals are applied to column lines Yc, Yd, and Ye. By applying this video signal, the monomolecular film or the monomolecular layer stack corresponding to the column conductors Yc, Yd, 'Ye is linearly heated. As a result, at the intersection of the row line and the column line where the heating current pulse and the video signal are synchronized, heat is generated additively from both, and the degree of heating of the monomolecular film or the cumulative amount of monomolecular layers is reduced. The threshold value for heating display is exceeded, and a complete film or monomolecular layer cumulative film heating section 5 is formed at the intersection of the selected row line and column line.

Note that in the above example, even when the driving method is changed as follows, images can be formed in exactly the same way. That is, even if a modification is made in which a video signal is applied to the row line and a heating current signal is applied to the first column line, the effect is exactly the same. In this way, the display element DE illustrated in FIG. 9 also enables matrix driving. When the thickness of the monomolecular film or monomolecular layer cumulative film of the display element DE is very thin, as shown in L,
By installing heat generating resistance wires arranged in stripes on both the protective substrate side and the substrate side, the following effects occur.

■ The manufacturing process is simplified and the yield is improved.

■ Thermal efficiency is good because the monomolecular film or monomolecular layer stack is heated from both sides.

etc.

It is desirable to separately provide a heat sink to enhance the heat dissipation effect of the heat generating resistance wire. It is possible to use the substrate 1 (FIG. 9) as a substitute for this heat sink.

Note that it is not necessary that all of both signal lines be formed of heating resistors. Rather, in order to save energy, it is preferable to configure only the intersection of row lines and column lines with a heat-generating resistor, and configure the rest with a good conductor such as An, but this would complicate the manufacturing process. There are drawbacks to being.

Further, another example of a heat generating element as a heat generating element for configuring a display element suitable for matrix driving as shown in the 1θth figure will be explained with reference to FIG.

FIG. 11 is an external perspective view schematically depicting a partial region of the heating element. In the figure, 32 indicates a heating resistance layer,
This can be obtained by forming a film of a known heating resistor (for example, nichrome alloy, boron/fnium, tantalum nitride, etc.). Although not shown, this resistance layer 32 naturally extends downward in the drawing. Also, 33a, 33b,
33c and 33"d are all column conductors, and 34a,
Both 34b' and 34c are row conductors. and,
All of these conductive wires are made of good conductors such as gold, silver, copper, aluminum, etc. (Although not mentioned, the conductive wires are generally covered with an S20 insulating film (not shown).) . In the illustrated heating element, for example, when the column conductor 33b and the row conductor 34c are selected and a voltage is applied to them, the part of the resistance layer 32 corresponding to the intersection 35 of the two is not energized. It causes fever.

In this way, it is possible to generate heat at any (row/column) intersection of the first row conductor and the column conductor.

Therefore, the heating element shown in FIG.
In the display element incorporated in place of the heating element made of the insulating layer 28, a dot matrix image can be displayed using the same matrix driving method as in the example shown in FIG.

By the way, in the heating element shown in FIG. 11, the heating resistance layer 32 may be divided and provided only at the intersection of the row conducting wire 34 and the column conducting wire 33 (the conducting wires may be insulated from each other in other areas). This is possible, and in such a configuration (FIG. 12), the occurrence of loss, which is inconvenient for image formation faithful to the signal, can be substantially prevented.

In the example of FIG. 11, the row conductors 34a, 34b...
(hereinafter referred to as row conductors 34) and column conductors 33a, 33b.
... (hereinafter referred to as row conductor 33) is 5i02,
Although the insulating film 11 (not shown) made of Si3N4 or the like is disposed therebetween, the insulating film in the intersection area of the row conductor 34 and the column conductor 33 is removed, and heating resistors 32a, 3 are placed in that area instead.
2b, . . . (hereinafter referred to as heating resistor 32) are embedded.

Next, in FIG. 13, the heating element as the heating element shown in FIG. 12 is connected to the heating resistance wire 30.3 shown in FIG.
An example in which a display element incorporated in place of the heating element consisting of the heat generating element 1 and the insulating layer 28 is driven in a Mad 1 runx manner will be described in more detail. Row axis selection circuit 364 Row axis drive circuit 37
a.3? b...hereinafter referred to as the material shaft drive circuit 37) by a signal line, and is further connected to each row conductor 3 of each output terminal th of each material shaft drive circuit 37.
It is combined with 4. There are various ways to connect the output terminals and the 11 conductor wires 34, but in order to explain the basic aspects in this specification, there are as many output terminals as there are row conductors 34, and one protrusion terminal 7. - Suppose that it is connected to the row conductor of -t.

Column axis selection circuit 38, column axis drive circuits 39a, 39b,...
. . (hereinafter referred to as the 9-column axis drive circuit 38) and the relationship between the column conductors 33. Image control circuit 4
0 is electrically connected to the material axis selection circuit 3B and the column axis selection circuit 38 by signal lines. The image control circuit 40 outputs an image control signal to instruct which row axis the first row axis selection first river path 3B should select, and the same applies to the column axis selection circuit 38. That is, image 1 and 1000 circuits 40
According to the image control signal from
Select (switch on). For example, if the row axis selection circuit 36 selects the row conductor Xp, it will issue an Xp row selection signal,
In response to this, the behavior drive circuit 37XP also inputs a behavior drive signal to the row conducting line Xp. On the other hand, the image control circuit 4
When a video signal, which is one of the image control signals from 0, is input to the outer axis selection circuit 38, the outer axis selection circuit 38 receives the command and selects a predetermined outer axis (column conductor). for example,
When the outer axis selection circuit 38 selects the column conductor Ye, the column axis drive circuit 39Ye receives the Ye column selection signal issued from the outer axis selection circuit 38 and switches the column conductor Ye on φ (conductivity).
state.

If the selection of the material axis and the selection of the outer axis are made synchronously, in this example, the intersection point of the row conductor Xp and the column conductor Ye (selection point; x
A current flows through the heating resistor located at pa Ye), generating Joule heat, and a heated portion is formed in the monomolecular film or monomolecular layer accumulation film (not shown). Although leakage current flows also at the non-selected points, it is less than the heating part forming current f1 of the monomolecular film or the monomolecular layer stack, so no heating part is formed in the monomolecular film or the monomolecular layer stack. Further, by providing the heating resistor with a diode function, the leakage current can be made even weaker.

In this way, in the same way as explained in FIG. 8, in FIG. 13, line-sequential scanning is performed using the action drive signal, and an outer axis selection signal is output in synchronization with the line-sequential scanning, and the single-column axis drive circuit 39 A two-dimensional image display can be performed by bringing the selected column conducting wire 33 into a conductive state via the conductive line 33. In addition, the outer axis selection circuit 3
Reference numeral 8 outputs an outer axis selection signal in response to a command from a video signal. At this time, the direction of the current flowing through the heating resistor does not matter. Such a row and outer axis selection circuit 36
．． The row and column axis drive circuits 38 and 37 and 39 are constructed using known techniques using shift transistors, transistor arrays, and the like.

In addition, even in the matrix drive display method using the heating elements described above, the display element DE having the configuration shown in FIG. 9(B) as described above in FIG. 2(B) also
If necessary, a corrosion-resistant oxidation film is provided between the monomolecular film or the monomolecular layer stack 3 and the reflective film or the monomolecular film or the monomolecular layer stack 3 and the waste heat element (for example, the heating resistance wire 30 therein). By interposing a silicon film or a silicon nitride film, reaction corrosion between the monomolecular film or the monomolecular layer stack and the monomolecular layer can be appropriately prevented.

Such a matrix drive type display element can also be applied to the light valve type projection device shown in FIGS. 6 and 7.

In addition to this, the present invention also covers monomolecular films or monomolecular layers that can be controlled by light, electricity, ions, etc. by combining functional molecules such as photosensitive molecules, ferroelectric substances, and complexes with surface-active substances. It is also possible to obtain optical elements with cumulative films.

The main effects of the present invention are summarized as follows.

(1) 1 of the heating part of a minute monomolecular film or a monomolecular layer cumulative film
Since these pixels can be arranged in high density as display pixel units, high resolution images can be displayed.

(2) Still images or moving images including slow motion can be easily displayed by adjusting the duration of the heating portion of the monomolecular film or the monomolecular layer stack as display pixels.

(3) Multicolor display and full color display can be easily implemented.

(4) Since the structure of the device is relatively simple, productivity is excellent, and the device has high durability and reliability.

(5) Applicable to a wide range of drive systems.

(6) Since a monomolecular film or a monomolecular layer cumulative film can be produced using the Langmuir-Prodgett method, it is extremely easy to increase the area.

(7) Since no liquid such as liquid crystal is used, manufacturing is easy and safe.

(8) Since the phase transition temperature is not so high, less power is required for the display element, etc., and the power supply unit, that is, the light modulation device and the display device can be made smaller.

(8) The optical element according to the present invention can be applied not only to display devices but also to light modulation equipment used in electrophotography and the like.

(10) When utilizing the phase transition of a monomolecular film or a monomolecular layer stack, depending on the structure of the molecules constituting the stack, some may maintain the phase transition state for a long time. The optical element according to the above can also be used as a recording device (material) or a storage device (material).

In order to explain the present invention more specifically, Examples are given below.

Example 1 A color display element having a radiation absorbing layer as a heat generating element was manufactured as follows.

A Gd-Tb-Fe (gadolinium-terbium-iron) layer having a thickness of 1500 Å was deposited on the surface of a 50 m+o glass substrate by sputtering to form a radiation absorbing layer 9. In order to prevent this GdeTbsFe layer from being oxidized, a 5i02 protective film DE was coated thereon.

A mosaic filter having a red colored area (R), a green colored area (G), and a blue colored area CB) as a color separation filter was created according to the following method. The arrangement is as a Bayer one-way system as shown in Fig. 14.
The size of each mosaic was 50 lu Pengjiao.

As the polymer material used for each colored polymer layer, a solvent-soluble polyester resin (/Heiron-200;
Toyo Dobu) was used. In addition, the coloring agents are Sukamilon Red 5-GG (manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.) as a red coloring agent, Cibaset Green 5G' (manufactured by Ciba Geigy) as a green coloring agent, and Miketon Fast Blue Extra (Mitsui Higashi) as a blue coloring agent. (manufactured by Tenkagaku) were used.

First, a mother liquor of a colored polymer was prepared by uniformly dissolving Vylon-200 (40 parts), nitrocellulose (10 parts), and methyl ethyl ketone (80 parts) while stirring.

50 cc of the above mother liquor and 1 mg of the red coloring agent were sufficiently mixed together (about 2:11 JI) in a stainless steel ball mill to prepare a red colored polymer. A green colored polymer and a blue colored polymer were prepared in the same manner.

Next, apply the red colored polymer onto the glass plate using a spinner (
Made by Mikasa, 1) 1-5 type), the thickness is 0.
It was applied to form a uniform coating of 8 rivers. After the film had sufficiently hardened, a photoresist OMR-81 (manufactured by Tokyo Ohka), which would serve as an etching mask, was applied thereon using a spinner as well. Thereafter, an etching mask was formed by exposing with a predetermined patterning mask and developing.

Next, this was subjected to a plasma etching device (PLA3MOD": manufactured by Tegal'corp) in which an enzyme gas was passed.
The unnecessary portions (non-mask portions) were ashed and the etching solution was removed to obtain a red filter element. Similarly, green and blue colored polymers were applied using a spinner, respectively.
A green filter element and a h color filter element each having a predetermined pattern were provided on the glass substrate by creating an etching mask using photoresist and performing plasma etching in this order. As a result, a three-color mosaic filter consisting of red, green, and blue colored areas with a predetermined pattern was created.

Next, a 7-rachidic acid hydrodomium monomolecular film was formed on the water surface of the LB film production equipment, and a Y-shaped cumulative film with a thickness of 10#Lm was deposited on the surface of the 5i02 film by vertical dipping. A glass substrate was covered as a protective substrate l.

A semiconductor laser that emits light at a wavelength of 830 nm was used as a radiant heat source. It has been confirmed that when driven in combination with an appropriate Schlieren optical system, a certain display effect can be achieved.

Example 2 A color display element having a heating resistance wire as a heating element was manufactured as follows.

Indium tin oxide (■.T.0) was applied to the surface of a 50 mm square glass substrate to a film thickness of 1500 by sputtering. Next, a linear pattern of 10 wires/+am was formed by photo-etching to obtain a transparent heating resistance wire 31. As the etching solution for I-T.0, a mixed solution of ferric chloride aqueous solution and hydrochloric acid was used.

Next, 1! An insulating layer 29 was formed by depositing a 2000 Å thick 5i02 film by sputtering. Furthermore, a 1500A film thickness T-0 was applied thereon, and a transparent heat generating resistor wire 30 was formed perpendicularly to the transparent heat generating resistor wire 31 by photo-etching.

Next, a monomolecular film of cadmium 7-rachidate was formed on the water surface of the LB membrane manufacturing equipment, and 5i02
A Y-shaped cumulative film having a film thickness of 10 pm was formed on the surface of the substrate, and the protective substrate 4 was placed thereon.

When operated under the above-mentioned transmitted illumination optical system, a predetermined display effect was obtained.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1(A) is a cross-sectional view of a transmissive display element according to the present invention, FIG. 1(B) is a cross-sectional view of a reflective display element according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a reflective display element according to the present invention. FIG. 2(A) is an explanatory diagram of the image forming principle of such a display element, and FIG. 2(A) is for a transmissive display element, and FIG. 2(B) is for a reflective display element. Third
9 is a cross-sectional view of a color display element according to the present invention, FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a monomolecular layer cumulative film, FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a phase transition phenomenon in a monomolecular layer cumulative film, and FIG. FIG. 7 is a schematic configuration diagram of a light/<Lube type projection device incorporating a display element according to the present invention. FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a light/pulling type projection device as a display device according to the present invention. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the configuration of a multi-drive type display element according to the present invention, in which FIG. 9(A) is a transmissive display element and FIG. 9(B) is a reflective display element. It is a type display element. FIG. 10 is a schematic explanatory diagram of an image forming method according to the invention, FIGS. 1 is a block diagram of a matrix drive display device according to the present invention. Figure 14 shows
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a Bayer one-type mosaic filter. DE Two display elements l Two substrates Two heat generating elements 3: Monomolecular film or monomolecular layer stack 4: Protective substrate 5: Heating section 6 of the monomolecular film or monomolecular layer stack: Heating section 7 of the heat generating element: Illumination light 8- includes hydrophilic group 8-2 = hydrophobic group 9: radiation absorption layer lO: radiation ll: reflective film 12: heating element layer 13: grating 13a: first grating 13b = second grating 14: Schlieren lens 15 Niscreen 16: Incident light 17: Imaging lens 18: Horizontal scanner 19: Vertical scanner 20: Lens 21: Cold filter 22: Image generation circuit 23: Control circuit 24: Image amplification circuit 25: Horizontal drive circuit, vertical drive circuit 26 : Laser light source 27: Light modulator 28: Color mosaic filter 28: Insulating layer 30.31: Heat generating resistance wires 32, 32a, 32b, 33. c, ・=: Heat generating resistor layer 9 heating resistor 33.33a, 33b, 33cm: Column conductor 34.34a, 34b, 34cm: Row conductor 35:・
...Cross section 36: ...Action selection circuit 37.3? a.3? b-: Rod shaft drive circuit 38: Column axis selection circuit 39, 39a, 39b...: Outer shaft drive circuit 40: Image control circuit 41: Red colored area 42: Green colored area 43: Blue colored area' Drawing cleaning Cloudy (no change in content) (A) (B) No change in float content on the front side of 弗2) Figure 3 No. 41 Engraving of the fifth drawing side (No change in content, L9 Figure 6 No. 7) Fig. 12; Contents (2 unchanged) Fig. 10' Comments 1; No knee) No. 13
Figure Procedure Amendment Cj 5 March 28, 1980 Commissioner of the Patent Office Mr. ■, Minor Case Indication 1988 Patent Application No. 2214.3λ
No. 2, Name of the invention Optical element 3, Person making the amendment Relationship to the case Applicant (1oo) Canon Co., Ltd. 4, Agent 5, Date of amendment order Sent date: February 28, 1980 6, Amendment Full text of the subject specification, drawing 7, and content of amendments

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] l) A monomolecular film or a monomolecular layer accumulation film made of organic compound molecules having at least a hydrophobic part and a parent part, and for heating the monomolecular film or a chain wheel molecular layer accumulation film. An optical element comprising a heating element and a colored filter layer. 2) The optical element according to claim 1, wherein the filter layer is composed of an aggregate i of a plurality of divided different color parts.