JPS592967A - Brake gear for railway rolling stock - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a brake system for a railway vehicle, and more particularly to a parking brake system that applies a brake by operating a chain or rope connected between a car body and a bogie.

Figure 1 shows the tf! of a general parking brake device for a normal railway vehicle. # This shows an example. A bogie 3 is attached to the lower side of the vehicle body 1 via a pillow spring 2.

A brake lever 4 that applies braking force to the wheels is attached to this truck 3, and this brake lever 4 is connected to one end of a chain 6 (or rope) suspended from a gooley 5 and extended from the car body 1. The other end of 6 is connected to a winding device 7 installed inside the vehicle body 1. A coupler 8 is attached to the front of the helmet and vehicle body 1. By winding up the winding device 7 and pulling the brake lever 4 to an almost horizontal angle with the chain 6, a braking force is generated on the trolley 3 to prevent the parked vehicle from moving.

With the above brake structure, the parked vehicle 1
If a vehicle is lightly bumped to connect another vehicle (not shown), even if the pillow spring 2 changes due to the impact, it will have almost no effect on the chain 69 stroke.
There is no possibility that an excessive load will be applied to the chain 6.

However, in the bogie of a railway vehicle, there are many cases where the structure shown in FIG. 1, in which the chain 6 is pulled horizontally with respect to the chain 4 by the brake, cannot be achieved due to other factors. FIG. 2 shows a conventional example of a brake device for such a case. In this example, a chain 6 is attached to the end of link 9 of brake lever 4 attached to truck 3.
are connected vertically. When the winding device 7 is operated, the chain 6 pulls up the link 9 vertically or at an angle close to it, thereby generating a braking force on the truck 3. In a brake device with such a structure, the chain 6 is
When the rod 1 is raised, the pillow spring 2 becomes slightly compressed by the force transmitted by the chain 6. In this state, the pillow spring 2 is killed by the chain 6.

On the other hand, for railway vehicles, especially locomotives, etc., it is normal to connect other vehicles to a stopped vehicle to reorganize the train, and this should naturally be taken into consideration as a condition of vehicle use. be. During this connection work, it is natural that a slight collision between the vehicles may occur, and when such a slight collision occurs, the vehicles are forced to absorb a large amount of force between the couplers. When a vehicle is stopped, it is prevented from being suddenly pushed by another vehicle via the coupler. In the example shown in FIG. Naturally, the vehicle body 1 will shake greatly. This shaking is caused by the deflection of the pillow spring 2, and therefore the dimension between the car body 1 and the bogie 3 changes with the t deflection of the pillow spring 2.

In such a case, if the structure is such that the chain 6 pulls the link 9 of the brake lever 4 at a vertical or near-vertical angle as shown in Fig. 2, the chain 6 will be pulled in the direction in which the dimension between the car body 1 and the bogie 3 is contracted at the time of a collision. 6 will be temporarily relaxed. Furthermore, if the dimension between the vehicle body 1 and the bogie 3 swings in a direction that increases, the chain 6 will be forcibly stretched. Of these, temporary loosening of the chain 6 is not harmful to the railway vehicle, but forcibly stretching the chain 6 is extremely harmful as it may cause damage to the chain 6.

Next, the above phenomenon will be explained in more detail using FIG.

FIG. 3 shows the relationship between the change in dimensions between the car body and the bogie and the load generated on the chain when the stationary state between the car body and the bogie is taken as a reference.

Now, when the brake device shown in FIG. 2 is activated and the vehicle is stopped, the dimension between the vehicle body 1 and the bogie 3 is Δ. Suppose that it is balanced and stationary at the point . In such a stationary state, when the dimension between the car body 1 and the bogie 3 shrinks, the pillow spring 2 is compressed, and the reaction force pushes the car body 1 and the bogie 3 together (in a negative direction), creating a negative force on the chain 6. 2 occur. The slope of the characteristic line A showing the relationship between this force and displacement is determined by the characteristics of the pillow spring 2. On the other hand, in the direction in which the dimensions between the car body 1 and the bogie 3 extend from the stationary state, the chains 6 of the brake device are stretched, so the distance between the car body and the bogie can only be displaced by stretching these chains 6 themselves. . Therefore, if the chain 6 is viewed as an elastic body having a high elastic coefficient, the displacement will depend on this elastic coefficient. usually,
These elastic modulus is significantly higher than the spring constant υ of the pillow spring 2, so in the characteristic diagram shown in Figure 3B in the direction in which the dimensions of the car body and bogie extend, the gradient of the force rises rapidly. υ, moreover, most of this rising load will be applied to the chain 6.

Therefore, the balance point Δ as above. When the vehicle body 1 is vibrated by an external force around the position of The chain 6 will be damaged due to excessive load. That is, the conventional braking device for railway vehicles shown in FIG. 2 has the disadvantage that when the brake is activated to connect a stopped vehicle to another vehicle, one chain 6 is damaged and the device is destroyed. was there.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks and provide a highly reliable brake system for a railway vehicle that will not be destroyed even if an external force is applied during brake operation.

In the present invention, an elastic body is inserted into a part or several places of a coupling system such as a cable that connects a brake attached to a bogie and a winding device attached to a car body, and when an external force is applied to the car body. The above object is achieved by having a structure in which the elastic body absorbs force due to dimensional changes between the car body and the bogie.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings, using the same reference numerals for the same parts as those of the conventional example.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing one embodiment of the railway vehicle brake device of the present invention. A brake shoe 11 is arranged adjacent to the wheel 10 and is connected to a brake lever 12.

The brake lever 12 is connected to a link 14 via a rod 13, and the link 14 is connected to a brake lever 16 via a rod 15. Brake lever 16 is link 17
The other end of the link 17 is connected to the tip 76 via an elastic device 18. The chain 6 is guided by a pulley 5 and connected to a winding device 7. The link 17 is provided with a return spring 19.

FIG. 5 shows the elastic device 18 shown in FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the details of the cylinder 20, in which a coil spring 21 is loaded inside the cylinder 20, and a rod 23 is pressed against the coil spring 21 for delivery. To attach the rod 23, attach the chain 6 to the part 24.
By connecting the link 17 to the part 27, the rod or cylinder 20) 23 is driven by overcoming the pressing force of the coil spring 21, thereby absorbing the impact.

In the device of the above embodiment, the lower end of the chain 6 is equipped with an elastic band [
18 is inserted, so when the car body is lifted up relative to the bogie, the coil spring 21 of this elastic device tis is actuated in the direction of contraction to extend the length of the connection system between the link 17 and the winding device (17). Figure 6 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the dimensional change between the bogie and the car body and the chain load in this example, and when the dimension between the bogie and the car body changes in the direction of the glass where they move away from each other. , the load in the range represented by the characteristic line with a gradient of θ. shown by the dotted line is applied by the pillow spring 2 itself, and the gradient of θ1 is further increased from the dotted characteristic line by the elastic modulus of the elastic device [18 (or the chain 6 In the end, a characteristic line C as shown by the solid line is obtained.This characteristic line C has a very gentle slope compared to the conventional characteristic MB shown in Fig. 3. Yakadashi, therefore chain 6
This shows that no excessive load is applied to the

According to this embodiment, even if a sudden force is applied to the vehicle body while the brake device is in operation, the connection system including the chain 6 that connects the link 9 connected to the brake lever 4 and the winding device 7 has elasticity. Since the device 18 is inserted, the load applied to the chain 6 is absorbed by the elastic device 18, which prevents the chain from being broken due to excessive load and significantly improves the reliability of the device. The coil spring 21 of the elastic device 18 of the above embodiment is compressed in advance, and in the chain load range S shown in FIG. You may choose not to do so. In this way, since the normal play does not stroke, the elastic device 18 can be prevented from affecting the entire stroke of pulling the chain to operate the brake. Since the parking brake of a vehicle is often operated by human power, it is preferable that the stroke be as small as possible, and such a precompression mechanism of the elastic device 18 is a useful means.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing the main part of another embodiment of the present invention. A winding device 7 is attached to the vehicle body 1 via an elastic device 26, and a chain 6 is connected to the winding device 7. The other end of the chain 6 is connected to a brake device similar to the embodiment shown in FIG. A spring 27 is loaded in the elastic device 26, and when this spring is compressed, the upper loader R7 is moved in the direction of the arrow in the figure, thereby reducing the load on the chain 6. has the same effect. Also in this embodiment, it is useful to pre-compress the spring 27 in the elastic device 26 so as not to increase the stroke amount during normal operation.

FIG. 9 is a front view showing essential parts of still another embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 10 is a sectional view taken along line XX in FIG. 9, and FIG. 11 is a sectional view taken along line XI-XIX in FIG. 9. be. The winding device 7 is fixed to a bracket 28, and both sides of this bracket 28 are attached to the vehicle body 1.
is engaged with and guided by a groove in a support 29 attached to the support 29. Further, a projecting portion 30 is formed at the lower part of the bracket 28, and this projecting portion 30 is supported by a spring 31. This spring 31 is loaded between the overhang 30 and a support 32 fixed to the vehicle body 1, and is guided by a spring guide 33. Note that a stopper 34 is fixed to the vehicle body 1, and a projecting portion 30 of the bracket 28 is attached to the elastic member 3 at the bottom of the stopper 34.
5 to stop the bracket 28 from rising any further.

A chain 6 is connected to the hoisting device 7, and this chain 6 is connected to a brake device similar to the embodiment shown in FIG. In this embodiment as well, when a large load is applied to the chain 6, the hoisting device 7 moves through the bracket 28 in the direction of the arrow in the figure while compressing the spring 27, so that the load applied to the chain 6 can be absorbed. , there is an effect similar to that of the previous embodiment.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing the main parts of another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 13 is a sectional view taken along the line 1--2 in FIG. 12. In this embodiment, the pulley 5 that guides the chain 6 is supported by a spring 34 which is an elastic body, and when an excessive load is applied to the chain 6, the spring 34 supporting the pulley 5 is compressed and the pulley By moving the center of rotation of chain 5, the load on chain 6 can be reduced, which is the same effect as in the previous embodiment.

In addition, the brake lever that constitutes the brake device on the bogie side,
By inserting an elastic body in one or several places in the rod or link in the direction in which the chain changes, or by lowering the elastic modulus of the component itself, the entire brake device can be made to have an elastic modulus softer than that of the chain. The structure also has the same effects as the previous embodiment. Further, the above-described embodiments may be used in any combination.

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a highly reliable brake device for a railway vehicle in which the device is not destroyed even if an external force is applied during brake operation by inserting an elastic body into the coupling mechanism. I can do it.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a conventional braking device for a railway vehicle, FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing another example of a conventional braking device for a railway vehicle, and FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a conventional braking device for a railway vehicle. A characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the change in dimensions between the bogie and the car body and the chain load, FIG. Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view showing the detailed structure of the elastic device shown in Fig. 4, and Fig. 6 is a characteristic line showing the relationship between the change in dimension between the bogie and the car body and the chain load when the brake device shown in Fig. 4 is used. 7 is a diagram showing the relationship between the stroke of the cylinder and the chain load when precompression is applied to the elastic device 26 shown in FIG.
FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing the main part of another embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing the main part of still another embodiment of the invention;
Figure 0 is a sectional view taken along line XX in Figure 9, and Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along line X-X in Figure 9.
-XIX sectional view FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram showing the essential parts of still another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 13 is a sectional view taken along the line 1--2 in FIG. 12. 1...Main body, 2...Pillow spring, 3...Dolly, 4.i
・12...Brake lever, 5...Pulley, 6...
Chain, 7... Hoisting device, 10... Wheel, 11.
...Brake shoe, 13.15...Rod, 14.
17... Link, 18° 26... Elastic device, 20.
...Cylinder, 21...Coil spring, 27.31...Spring, 28...Bracket, 29...Storage 1 Fig.'fJ 2 Fig. 3 Mouth (chi 5 degrees) (-) −△ − (Ri (Ribi 2nd season)
Dolly Hitsui Hon IfIIl) King's Change bY5 Figure
The same small old car store, Hon J town, 1-wide cusp 4b gfJ7 Mouth eagle strike leaf Z → 8th item Hi Mutual 10 figure 11th mouth

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A brake shoe disposed close to a wheel of a bogie coupled to a lower part of the vehicle body via a pillow spring, a winding device installed on the vehicle body, the brake shoe and the A brake device for a railway vehicle, comprising a connecting mechanism including a chain connecting the winding device, and manually operating the winding device to pull the chain and press the brake shoe against the wheel to stop the wheel. , an elastic device that absorbs a load generated in a coupling mechanism including the chain when an external force acts on the vehicle body and the vehicle body and the truck are displaced in a direction in which they are separated when the wheels are braked;
A brake device for a railway vehicle, characterized in that the brake device is inserted into at least one location of a connecting mechanism including the chain. 2. The elastic member in the elastic device is precompressed so that it does not act as an elastic body unless a predetermined force or more is applied to the elastic member, and the precompression force is applied by manually operating the hoisting device. 2. The brake device for a railway vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the upper limit of the load applied to the coupling mechanism is also set higher than the upper limit value. 3. The railway vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that an elastic device having an elastic body having an elastic modulus in the stroke direction that is softer than the elastic modulus of the chain is inserted in the middle or at the tip of the chain. brake equipment. 4. The brake device for a railway vehicle according to claim 1, further comprising an elastic device that elastically supports the winding device in the stroke direction of the chain. 5. Claim 1, characterized in that an elastic device is provided that elastically supports a pulley or a guide that guides the chain of the coupling mechanism including the chain in a direction in which the stroke of the chain changes. brake equipment for railway vehicles.