JPS5865663A - Ink weigher with weighing member of obtuse angle - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Commercially accepted ink metering devices for printing plates generally include two to four form rollers positioned in rolling engagement with the printing plate.
orm rollers). Each of the foam rollers is typically in rolling engagement with one or more vibrating rollers, to which ink is applied by a number of rollers in a series of rollers of varying diameter arranged in a pyramid configuration. .

The ink is fed to a series of rollers above the doctor roller;
The doctor roller vibrates and creates an irregular film of ink (fll).
m) engages and disengages. An irregular film of ink is formed by a flexible doctor blade that is biased by a number of Ink keys into engagement with a hard surface on a slowly rotating sump roller.

The ink film formed on the ink reservoir roller is too thick and too irregular to be applied directly to a printing plate for high-grade printing. These ink metering devices, which include a large number of rollers, are intended to reduce the thickness of the ink and continuously provide a film of uniform and controllable thickness to the printing plate surface. However, the depleted film of ink on each foam row 2 is not completely refilled with each revolution of the 7 ohm roller, leaving only one ghost
lng), ink build-up, and blank conditions exist permanently.

In an attempt to eliminate both the expense and drawbacks of multi-roller ink metering systems, a series of rollers were removed and pressure was applied to the lithographic printing plate surface to eliminate single ghosting and eliminate ink build-up and blanking. Attempts have been made to develop an ink metering device in which a fresh film of ink is metered onto a resilient foam roller that is biased in relation.

One system includes two rollers of substantially equal diameter urged together in a pressure-indented relationship to form a doublet, and the surface of the roller adjacent the doublet is , move in the opposite direction.

One of the rollers is swept completely clean by a pair of doctor blades, and these rollers are free from any localized pressure on the contact generatrix or any point previously selected in the nip.
Critical pressure limit value (Cr1ticalpressur@t
'threshold)' are forced together to become larger and theoretically one of the rollers is contacted by a counterbalance roller carrying a film of ink of constant thickness throughout the length of the roller. It is designed to be applied directly to the printing plate surface without any process. However, because the adjacent surfaces of the rollers in the two rollers move in opposite directions and the pressure is not uniform along the length of the two rollers between the two rollers, the adjacent surfaces moving in opposite directions The temperature generated by the surface causes a substantial variation in temperature along the length of the roller and the length of the ink carried by the roller. Considerable power is required to rotate the rollers, and the adjustment of the thickness of the ink film metered through the two horns is very sensitive. The reason is that a slight change in the surface velocity of one roller that has been thoroughly cleaned of ink causes a drastic change in the ink film carried by the other roller.

Ideally, a static metering unit that would not require any drive other than that required to drive a single foam roller would be a solution to the problems provided by conventional ink metering equipment. Attempts have been made to employ a doctor blade as the ink metering unit, but these attempts have all but failed.

Although doctor blades have been successfully used as an ink arm unit in an ink metering device having a series of rollers for dispensing and leveling the ink, such doctor blades have been used successfully in lithographic applications. It has not proven suitable for use as the sole ink metering unit for foam rollers with resilient surfaces.

Printing inks are generally oily viscous substances loaded with high K14 additives and exfoliated to make them tacky or sticky so that the ink adheres properly to the 100% area of the lithographic printing plate surface. When a printing plate is transferred either directly* to the paper or to a blanket cylinder that transfers the ink to the paper, small paper fibers, fluff and pieces of coating material may adhere to the surface of the plate cylinder. Allow foreign matter to adhere to the surface of the ink application roller. If the surface of the inking roller is moved directly into the ink sump and then wiped or scraped with a conventional doctor blade, foreign matter tends to collect on the edge of the doctor blade and this A doctor blade causes the formation of an irregular film of ink on the surface of the roller. For this reason,
In addition to the random behavior of the surface of the resilient roller under dynamic conditions, it is difficult to continuously meter a uniform film of ink directly onto the surface of the resilient roller in rolling contact with the printing plate surface. , an ink metering device capable of supporting a doctor blade has not been previously devised.

Uniform pressure cannot be maintained between the tightly positioned edge and the surface of the resilient roller under dynamic conditions. The reason is that - the apparent modulus of elasticity of a resilient surface increases as the rate of cyclic loading increases. Because resilient materials have memory and do not immediately recover to their original dimensions after being compressed, if the resilient material is subjected to cyclic loading, the dimensions of the resilient foam roller will change under dynamic conditions. fluctuate. Additionally, since the resilient cover is stacked up as a result of compressive loading on one side of the stationary rigid edge and under tension on the other side of the edge, vibration and fatigue failure of the resilient roller surface will cause the roller to Vibrations of the axis of the roller with respect to a stationary solid edge resulting from the movement of the roller surface into and out of the gap in the one-print cylinder, induced by a substantial depression K in the surface, are caused by a rigidly supported Not easily insulated from edges.

The present invention continuously forms a film of printing ink of uniform thickness on the surface of a resilient roller, and moves the film to engage one region of the lithographic printing plate surface while the other. , eliminates the series of rollers in the ink metering system and eliminates the need for excessive power consumption to meter thin, uniform ink films. The present invention provides a metering member that does not apply harmful stress to the surface of the resilient roller such as imparting vibrations to the surface of the resilient roller, and provides a metering member that forms a uniform film with a thickness independent of press speed. Provide equipment, □
It is aimed at the problem.

The ink metering device disclosed herein was manufactured on April 22, 1980.
Regarding improvements to ink metering devices of the type disclosed in U.S. patent application Ser.

The improved ink metering device, which is the subject of the present application, is adapted to form a thin, controllable and uniform film of printing ink on the surface of the foam roller, in combination with an improved ink metering member. , includes a single resilient-surfaced application roller adapted to be biased into a pressure-indented relationship with the lithographic printing plate surface, the thickness of the printing ink film being equal to or less than the surface speed of the resilient roller. It has nothing to do with it.

The surface of the roller moving from engagement with the printing plate is driven through an ink reservoir such that excess ink is applied to the surface of the roller to refill the depleted areas of the film after printing on the plate. . A metering member having a metering surface configuration for a particular ink viscosity is positioned with respect to the resilient surface of the roller to form a wedge-shaped inlet, and excess ink is carried by the roller surface to the wedge-shaped inlet and onto the resilient surface of the roller. Forms a thin, uniform film of adhering printing ink.

The thin, flat, rectangular body of the metering member is positioned almost tangentially to the roller surface such that the ink impinges against the thin sides or edges of the metering member. When positioned such that the angle between the metering member and the tangent is less than 30 degrees, the metering member is tangentially rigid and radially flexible. The garden measuring part is shaped like a ladder,
formed on the thin edge of the metering element and intended to establish an optimal geometrical relationship for metering the ink and to separate the metered ink from the metering element;
The metering member is held substantially against the resilient roller surface.

The metering member has two polished flexible edges on a trapezoid-shaped metering portion separated by a support surface and resiliently applied with a force in a radial direction with respect to the axis of the meter. It is attached so that it can move easily.

This edge is resiliently biased towards the resilient surface of the roller and is adapted to maintain a substantially constant metrical relationship with respect to the roller surface circumferentially along and around the entire length of row 2. ing. The polished and flexible edges of the metering member are therefore rigidly supported in a direction substantially tangential to the roller surface;
The trailing edge is compressively oriented to deform the resilient roller surface to minimize wetting of a substantial surface area of the metering member downstream from the polished trailing edge and to minimize wetting of the substantial surface area of the metering member downstream from the polished trailing edge. It is designed to cause ink separation. Therefore, the rear surface on the trapezoid-shaped metering part of the metering member is
Resilient roller with indentation □ The ink on the surface
so that the ink is not separated from the roller surface and deposits itself on the rear surface of the metering member as it rebounds from the compressed position it occupies as a result of passing through the flexible polished trailing edge of the metering member;
It is shaped.

The main object of the present invention is to provide a continuous and precise control of the thickness of the ink film applied to the lithographic printing plate surface due to the ghostlng and its consequent effects which result in a considerable waste of time and material. An object of the present invention is to provide an ink metering device for a printing press.

It is another object of the invention that the pressure and specific angle of the metering surface relative to the roller surface at the metering rim are adjusted to the specific angle required for a particular ink viscosity carried past the polished edge to the q-ra surface. A polished edge formed at the interface of the metering surface and the support surface intersecting at an obtuse angle is selected to form an ink film thickness of . An object of the present invention is to provide an ink metering device that is energized.

Another object of the invention is to form a metering lip recessed into the resilient roller surface with improved surface properties to minimize wear between adjacent surfaces and provide improved metering. It is an object of the present invention to provide a metering member having a metering surface and a support surface that intersect at an obtuse angle.

It is another object of the invention that foreign matter in the ink moved towards the metering surface on the metering member and carried by the surface of the form roller is transferred away from the metering member to form a vortex of ink adjacent to the metering member. An object of the present invention is to provide an improved ink metering member that is particularly adapted to be contained or captured within and biased into a pressure-indented relationship with an application roller.

Another object of the present invention is 1 to be able to meter a thin and uniform film of ink onto the printing plate surface suitable for lithographic printing applications. It is an object of the present invention to provide a metering member having a smooth and super-finished surface.

Another object of the invention is that the ink is defined between the resilient roller surface and the metering surface adjacent to a flexible polished edge resiliently biased toward the resilient roller surface. The wedge is metered through nine wedges such that the ink film thickness is substantially independent of roller surface extrusion and waviness and does not vary substantially in the circumferential and longitudinal directions of the roller surface. An object of the present invention is to provide an improved method and apparatus for continuously forming a uniform film of ink on the surface of a resilient roller that is adapted to move automatically in the radial direction of the roller.

Another object of the invention is to provide an improved running method and apparatus for forming a uniform film of ink on the surface of a resilient roller by the use of an edge mounted on a cantilever. ,
As the increase in force applied to the edge begins to increase in thickness and becomes uniformly closer to It is designed to have a pressure relationship with the ink film.

Another object of the invention is that metered ink passing under the non-rotating metering member separates or accumulates on the rear surface of the non-rotating metering member and is ultimately metered and drawn back into the coating to achieve uniformity. The non-rotating metering member was positioned and adapted so as not to damage the bird.

An object of the present invention is to provide an ink metering device.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a polishing solution on the metering member such that vibrations in the printing sores are isolated from the polished edges to eliminate streaks in the ink film formed by the ink metering device. The edge is resiliently biased into a pressure indented relationship with the resilient roller surface.

An object of the present invention is to provide an improved ink metering device.

Another object of the invention is to continuously control the temperature of the ink in the reservoir to control the shear properties of the ink so that a controlled and uniform thickness film of ink is metered onto the roller surface. It is to be.

Another object of the invention is to provide a special wetting system which operates in combination with an ink metering device to provide a lithographic printing device that continuously and automatically applies controlled amounts of ink and wetting fluid to a lithographic printing plate surface. It is to be.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a pre-wetting process before and after printing on a lithographic printing plate, before and after metering by a metering member, and before and after wetting to adjust the film of ink and wetting fluid for correct application to the lithographic printing plate. and/or subsequently provide several rollers strategically positioned on a single application roller.

Another object of the invention is to provide a special pressure relationship between the metering member and the roller surface during start-up, stop and run to minimize wear and streaking.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following detailed description and accompanying drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The drawings of the preferred embodiments of the present invention are attached so that the present invention may be better and more fully understood.

Reference numerals are used to designate like parts throughout the various views in the drawings.

In Figures 1 and 2, the reference numeral 1 designates a conventional plate cylinder P, a blanket cylinder, and a recessed cylinder fitted therein for printing on a web W or paper sheet;
generally refers to an ink metering device having a spaced side frame 2 movably fixed to a side frame 3 of a printing press having a side frame 2;

Support means 5 are provided for adjustably fixing the metering element 10 between the side frames 2 and for positioning the metering element 10 with respect to the resiliently covered application roller 40. The opposite end of the application roller 40 is rotatably fixed to the side frame 2 in suitable bearings, and the application roller 40 connects a sprocket on the plate cylinder to a clutch (not shown) at the end of the application roller 40. It is driven by a suitable drive means such as a chain 4 which connects the sprocket while driving it. Preferably, the surface speed of the application roller 40 is substantially equal to the surface speed of the plate cylinder P.

The end dam 6 is fixed to the support means 5 and biased into a sealing relationship with the opposite end of the application roller 40 and the member 10 forming the ink reservoir R, so that the ink flows from the ink reservoir R onto the surface of the application roller 40. be weighed. One or more ink storage vibrating rollers 8a and 8b are positioned in contact with the ink on the surface of the application roller 40 so that a film of ink is transferred by the surface of the roller 40 to the wetting device 0 and onto the plate surface. A trap is provided to clean up any surface irregularities that may appear in the ink film before it is conveyed to the surface of the printing plate P' on the cylinder P. Ink storage roller 8a and sbq
, the ink on the surface of the application roller 40 is in rolling engagement, not only to clean up irregularities in the surface, but also to adjust the ink film for proper wetting and application of the image on the printing plate surface. For this purpose, a clean metered finish may be changed to a smooth matte finish.

As the surface of the application roller 40 moves away from the surface of the printing plate surface P', this surface is immersed in ink when excess ink is applied thereto in the ink fountain R. It will be appreciated that when the ink metering device is used for lithographic printing, the storage of ink and dampening fluid is repurified and regulated by the vibrating roller 8c.
The wetting fluid is first applied to the ink on the surface of the application roller 40 and then to the printing plate P on the plate cylinder P.
’ is added to. To prevent excess wetting fluid from accumulating in the ink sump R, means are provided for evaporating the wetting fluid from the surface of construction q-240. As shown in FIG. 1, a hollow, porous or slotted tube 9 extends across between the side frames 2 and has a hole formed therein, carrying the hole. Dry compressed air is supplied to direct the flow of dry air towards the surface of the application roller 40. At least one end of tube 9 is connected by a hose to a suitable air supply (not shown).

9. When the wetting fluid is used with the ink metering device of the present invention, the wetting fluid that remains on the application roller as it moves away from the printing plate surface evaporates faster and prints with less water. For this reason, a higher than usual ratio of alcohol to water may be used. In fact, the g1m solution usually contains between 5X and 25% more alcohol to ensure rapid evaporation of the wetting solution from the application roller as it moves between the printing plate and the ink metering element. There is. alcohol, one bottle and roller 8c
or multiple rollers 8c and air, all to provide precise control of the viscosity of the ink in the reservoir R, for removal and redistribution of excess wetting fluid after printing, as explained more fully below. and inject a fluid, such as water, at a controlled temperature and a controlled flow rate into one end of the passage 5' in the support member 5 and into the passage 5, in order to change the viscosity of the ink in the reservoir RO, if necessary. 'A flexible tube 7 for feeding outside the other end.
are combined.

For high-speed printing, the physical properties of the ink film 130 formed between the resilient cover 44 of the roller 40 and the metering member 10 and the physical properties of the ink in the reservoir R are adjusted to , 8b, or 8C and the roller 40
Further control can be provided by controlling the temperature of the fluid passing through the passages in the core 42 of. By ensuring that the high flow rate produces only a small temperature change along the length of the roller, and by monitoring and controlling the output temperature,
It has been found that one can dissipate heat and control the temperature of the ink such that the physical properties of the resulting film remain substantially constant throughout the length of the production process.

Therefore, by cooling or heating the fluid passing through the support member 5, the roller core 42, and the vibrator 8a, sb, or 8c, the viscosity of the ink on or in front of the nip N can be adjusted and the plate surface can be adjusted. To maintain a constant desired ink film for correct printing on the P.

A preferred embodiment of the ink metering member 10 is shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.

In particular, in FIG. 4, the ink metering member Ioti has a thin, polished and highly developed precision metering lip 25 formed at the connection between the metering surface 24 and the support surface 26.

The metering rim 25 is preferably 10 mm depending on the width of the brace.
The polished surfaces 24 and 2 extend lengthwise for a distance within the range of ~80 inches (25,4 to 205,2 CIl).
6. The curved surfaces 24 and 26 meet at an obtuse angle and form a side having a bevel edge chamfer angle l^11 of about 120 degrees or more.

Preferably, the rim 25 is formed on a relatively hard metal material having a hardness of 048-50 on the Rockwell scale or greater. The polished edge 25, metering surface 24, support surface 26, rear surface 28a and green 28b are recessed into the resilient surface 45 of the foam roller 400 during normal operating conditions and are therefore wear resistant. is important.

The metering member lO has a stylus effect (Stylus 11) on the needle metering edge 25 when the form roller 40 rotates.
ct)', the elasticity is approximately 30×10 ρ51(2・1095×
Preferably, it is made of a flexible metallic material with a modulus of elasticity of less than 1 oh/cR2).

The metering element 1O is made of stainless steel spring steel strip with sheared edges, commercially available from Sandvik Steel, Inc., Port Patton, Michigan, and distributed as Sandvik 7C27MO2. was formed as a result. The stainless steel strip was selected because its hardness, flatness, resiliency, grain structure and fine surface finish give it high wear resistance and good fatigue resistance. Stainless steel strips are 0
The strips of 0.070 in/inch (1,771 m) thick and approximately 5.3 in. (13,4621 m) wide are heat treated with a gloss polished surface finish for ultra-accurate flatness and normal straightness. The width tolerance is ±0.016 inches (0,4064 cm), and the thickness tolerance is ±0.0O1.
It was 81 inches (0.046 ■). The stainless steel material strips were corrosion resistant in the presence of air, water, and most organic acids in dilute form at room temperature. The tensile strength is approximately 249,000 pal (17507 edge/cIR2), which corresponds to a hardness of Rockwell hardness C49.
) and 9. Initially, the green had a jagged notch forming a jagged green outline at the surface 22 and 26 connection. To form a precise, straight edge and define an unbroken line across the extent of metering member 10, surfaces 24 and 26 are ground at an obtuse angle and then form a polished edge 25. The first step in this process was finishing with a fine natural whetstone, as will be explained in more detail below. S) The IJ was then clamped into a special fastener. The surface 24 on the strip was hand superfinished to an angle with a fine natural abrasive stone and then hand polished with a 600 fine sand vaporizer.

As a final step, the stainless steel strip was positioned on a flat horizontal surface. The surface 26 was then hand-superfinished with a stone with fine grit and polished by hand using a 600 grit sandpaper.

If a thin edge is formed on the metering member while surfaces 24 and 26 are being superfinished and polished, the thin edge may be removed with a thin skin or shoe material. Should. Once the blade or wire-like irregular edges are removed, a clean, continuous, uniform, and unblemished edge is formed on the strip. Therefore, obtuse O edge 2
St-calendar or 'sharpening'
) In the process, the sharpness of the edge can be varied somewhat to form an uncut transthecal O-edge. This process produces a fine, continuous, smooth, straight, polished, highly developed and uniform superfinished gill 25 with minimal surface irregularities. The edges must be free of any small notches or protrusions. The developed edge 25 formed by polished surfaces 24 and 26 is a very fine edge that has been polished to give it a highly developed finish and to be as perfect as possible. Surfaces 24 and 26 are preferably finished to an RMS reading of no more than 4 RMS. l Superfinishing (sup@r-flnis formerly ng) I as used herein
The term applies to a surface that has been ground and polished so that the sharp edges of the surface have been removed to form a flat bearing surface, but still have small valleys or reservoirs for receiving and carrying detergent ink. be done.

The edge 25 is finished to a surface finish that approximates that of a razor blade. However, it will be appreciated that the obtuse angle l^1' between surfaces 24 and 26 is significantly greater than the bevel angle of a razor blade, thus creating an obtuse, non-cutting, and non-penetrating radius. Probably, actually,
Surface 24 fuses into surface 26 through edge 25, with 61iI! on each side of edge 25! ! Forms a polished continuous surface.

The material used to form the edge 25 can be hard, blunt, finely polished, and shaped to provide an unbroken edge, as well as being dense and having a rough texture along the length of the edge 25. Must be flexible.

As a practical matter, when the edge 25 is urged into a pressure-indented relationship with the resilient surface of the application roller 40, the edge 25 is deflected by 25 df% and succumbs to the influence of the surface of the roller 40, causing the edge 25 and the roller to flex by 25 df%. The surfaces of rollers 40 must be quite longitudinally dainty so as to match and form a substantially uniform recessed area along the length of rollers 40. The resilient cover 44 on the 50-ra 40 is about 3/8 to 5/8 inches (9,52
5 to 15.875 g), preferably 1 inch (12.7 fins) thick, and about 40 to 701! Preferably 4011 shore ^ll! It has the elasticity of [.

Wk2! to obtain a match with the surface of Row 240! li
This loading of should be possible without unduly indenting the surface of the roller when in dynamic operating conditions.

The edge 25 on the metering member 10 is such that it is resiliently biased towards the surface of the application roller 240 and is free to move along its entire length in the radial direction relative to the application roller.
Should be installed. Furthermore, the l125 must be rigidly supported in a direction substantially in contact with the surface of the application roller.

The ideal support for 1125 is a flexible cantilever that supports edge 25 and provides the required deflection and stiffness. lI
25 may be part of a separate ladder-shaped element functionally associated with the cantilever; It is preferable to do so.

To accomplish this, the cantilever must be flexible in two directions: along the length of the II 25 and along the width of the strip or length of the cantilever.

The non-supporting end 10'lc of the cantilever is formed and has a substantially rectangular cross-section bounded by a leading edge 22, a trailing edge 22', an upper surface 28, and a lower surface 29.

Support surface 26 lies substantially in the plane of surface 29 when the cantilever is in its undeflected state. Metering surface 24 and support surface 26 intersect to form an obtuse angle 'AI', substantially K[
Intersect at the top of M.

For example, a cantilever beam with an obtuse edge 25 has a thickness of 0.070 inches (1,778111) and a thickness of 5.3 inches (13,
462Wf) or less, as described below,
The width of the IJ tube can be formed from a thin, flexible and elongated stainless steel strip or band.
It is preferably within the range of 5.4 to 205.2 yen),
The cantilever beam is supported flexibly along the length Ka of the edge 25 as well as the length of the cantilever beam EFi, for example 2? x10 p*I(2,059x
10' can be #/eW12), which represents the resistance of the material to stainless steel deformation.

In combination with the moment of inertia i, the ε1 coefficient represents the stiffness of the cantilever beam.

Although specific dimensions and characteristics of the metering member IO are provided by way of illustration, the dimensions, characteristics and mounting may be varied to suit particular conditions. Therefore, here k has given a preferred range.

The metering member 10 also has a groove or recessed area 27f formed in the lower surface 29 of the tube.

The part of the strip of material being polished to form the polished edge 25 is masked and the metal material in contact with it is removed by polishing (grlndlng) or chemical polishing (Ch@mlcal mllllrsg) to remove the material. Remove a portion of metal without creating stresses that would warp the strip.

Surface 28a adjacent support surface 26 has a smooth finish by sanding to remove approximately 0.003 inches of rough surface material.
0,0762M')f: Remove.

The surface 28 is then sand polished with a 600 fine sand coater.
Provides a very smooth surface finish on surface 28. Edge 28b is therefore formed as described above for edge 25.

If the material strips! If the thickness or distance between surfaces 26 and 28 is 0.070 inches (r 1.77811), then the thickness of material between surfaces 28' and 28 is approximately 0.035 inches (0, 889U), the depth of the recessed area 27 is 0.020 inch (0,
For example, 0.035 inches (0,8
890) is preferable.

Surface 28a intersects keratinized surface 26 within the range of 30 degrees to 90 degrees as shown.

The upper portion of the metering member 100 surface 24 may extend toward the surface 28 or be chamfered with a bevel forming the surface 22 as shown.

The surface 24 may therefore only have a small chamfer on the original surface 22. The obtuse angle I^, l not only forms a metering member with a clean obtuse edge, but also mainly forms a specific angle or contour and has a specific viscosity and color spacing. This makes it possible to measure the thickness of the ink film without significant indentation of the roller cover and without sudden changes in the direction of the roller surface, which would lead to rapid wear of the edges of the metering member and the roller cover. Make it possible to weigh.

In the illustrated embodiment of the metering member 10, the carved surface 24 extends upwardly from the polished green 25 by a distance approximately equal to or greater than the depth K of the recessed region 27, and intersect with It should be readily understood that polished surface 26 supports polished edges 25 and 28b. If surfaces 24 and 288 are parallel, surface 26 can be refinished without changing the load-bearing properties of polished edge portion 25 of metering member 10.

Surfaces 26, 24 and 288 and therefore edges 25 and 28b can be easily updated. By slightly refinishing support surface 26, both edges can be re-blunted at the same time, or surfaces 24 and 26 can also be refinished.

After considerable use, small radii or curves may appear on the edge 25, causing a change in the metering characteristics; # In order to avoid replacing the entire metering element as mentioned above, it is advisable to replace the metering element; The subsequent grinding legs and hand finishing steps can be repeated many times. Typically, depending on the type of wear, 1 to 3 inches (0.0254 to 1000 0.07621 LI) are removed from one surface to restore [25 and 28b].

Special fasteners or fasteners may be used when refinishing surfaces 24 and 26 for rounding to prevent damage to the metering member. The fastener not only holds the metering element, but also provides a guiding surface for the fine natural honing and sanding operations.
Care should be taken to ensure that only a minimum amount of material is removed and that the obtuse angle l^,l and edges 25 and 28b are maintained.

The escape angle ^' prevents a film of ink carried by the surface of roller 40 from accumulating on either surface 26 or 28a, resulting in eventual dripping of the accumulated ink and resulting in printing non-uniformity. the ink film must be sufficient to separate the ink film from the surface 26.

The construction roller 40 includes a hollow, rigid, tubular metal core 42 to which is fixed a resilient non-absorbing force member 44;
The cover has a uniformly clear and uniformly textured resilient outer surface 45.

Although the cover 44 on the construction roller 40 is elastic,
It is relatively stiff, for example, 40 in Shore A Koibi.
~70 degrees.

The cover 44 on the I roller 40 is preferably formed from a resilient urethane, polyurethane rubber or rubber-like material that is adhered to the metal core 42.

Preferably, the cover is made of bunanitrile rubber that provides a natural surface with microscopic pores that receive and retain the ink therein to enable metering of thin ink films suitable for lithographic printing applications. (Buna N1trlla
rubber).

The cover 44 on the application roller 40 should have high tensile strength, excellent tear and flaking resistance, and resistance to oils, solvents, and chemicals.

The cover should also have a low compressive stress, good recovery and uniform ink receptivity. A suitable cover is
Preferably, urethane or rubber can be used to form an elastic cover having a Shore hardness of about 60 degrees.

A suitable urethane cover is manufactured by
Trade name: lpower I from the RNCO company located in Le.
It can be made from a precontacted and sealed material commercially available under the name 4-k (Catapol)'. This material was preheated at 160'FC (71°C) for 5 hours and poured into the mold of the roller core 0Iiiih, then K 8T hours 280? (13aC) and cooled before sanding and polishing.

Suitable pumuka/4- is located at Mid-America Lola Camp 9 Knee (Mld-Amsrl) in Arlington, Texas.
Buna-nitrile, designated as Buna-Nltr., is conventionally formed on a core and polished with a high-speed polisher.

After the urethane or rubber resilient cover 44 is formed, the roller may have a smooth, shiny skin or film on its surface, which is removed by sanding. After polishing with a 120 natural abrasive stone, the surface of the resilient cover 44, if composed of urethane, is sand polished using a 180 small sand sandpaper,
A surface with uniform smoothness is formed on the surface 45 of the elastic cover 44. However, after polishing with a 124111 natural abrasive stone, the surface of the resilient cover 44, if composed of rubber, should be sanded with a 400-sized sand (-) amount and orange peel (orang@p@el )l
It forms a velvety, clean, uniformly woven surface with no surface irregularities or other surface irregularities.

The microscopic reservoirs into which the ink is deposited ensure that a continuous, uninterrupted film of ink is maintained on the surface 45 of the application roller 40, including surface recesses, abrasive lines, and and other surface irregularities should be removed such that the surface roughness of the urethane or rubber surface does not exceed 5 ORMS after sanding. As will be explained in more detail below, the adhesion forces between the ink molecules and the molecules on the surface 45 of the cover 44 form a controlled, continuous, uninterrupted film of ink on the surface 45 of the application roller 40. To be able to shear the ink, the cohesive forces between the molecules in the ink must be overcome.

such that the surface 45 is perfectly round in the internal direction, perfectly straight in the longitudinal direction, and exactly concentric with the axis of the core 42;
It will be appreciated that constructing and maintaining roller 40 is not physically practicable, if not impossible.

The straightness or waviness of the surface 45 on the roller 40 is about 0.05 mm along the length of the roller 40. [102 inch co, oao
can be manufactured economically to within tolerances of approximately 0.0015 inches (o, osal
m) can be manufactured economically within the total difference of m).

The Shore hardness test generally measures approximately 76' while the resilient roller cover is stationary. The resistance to penetration is measured at a constant temperature of (24.4° C.) and K is used to indicate the hardness of a resilient roller cover. The apparent liI of a resilient surface under dynamic conditions deviates completely from the hardness dictated by the hardness needle test under static conditions. The spring constant of an elastic material increases as the deformation K increases:
It increases slightly.

As the frequency of loading of the resilient member increases, the dynamic or apparent modulus of elasticity increases, making the cover appear to be a harder, stiffer material.

However, cyclic loading of the resilient member causes the generation of internal heat which increases the temperature and causes a decrease in the elastic modulus of the hardened needle and its resilient cover.

Further, the surface 45 of the cover a4-44 on the roller 40 is preferably in pressure indented relationship with the surface of the print cylinder, which has a gap extending in its longitudinal direction. Cyclic loading causes the generation of heat at irregular rates in the direction of the surface 450. Such temperature differences on the surface 45 from the axis of the roller 40
This may result in appreciable variations in the radial distances to points on 5. The reason is that the coefficient of thermal expansion of the elastomeric material used to form the resilient roller cover is several times that of the steel ring.

As shown, the film 13 on the web W or sheet
The diameter of the roller 40 can be made different from the diameter of the printing plate cylinder P without adversely affecting the printing of zeros. The reason for this is that the metering member 10 creates a continuous trail of ink on the surface of the application roller, regardless of the spin indentations and regardless of temperature changes within the roller cover 44. .

The construction roller 40 should not have the same diameter as the plate cylinder P. The reason for this is that even the slightest imperfections, holes, scratches, etc. in the surface of the construction roller 40 can be repeatedly applied to the same place on the printing plate when both are driven in the same surface range and have the same diameter. This is because it is repeated on the same basis. This repetition, especially when printing onto a lithographic printing plate surface, eventually gives rise to a sense of flesh (sens+t+χlng) in the non-image areas. The scratches will then appear like ink on the printed sheet in the non-printing areas. If a scratch occurs in the printing area, the Tendo ink will eventually appear in this area, therefore the surface of the application roller 40 will
It is important not to repeat with the surface of the plate on the plate cylinder. When there is no repetition, the flaws do not sensitize the lithographic printing plate surface in the non-printing areas, even when they are considered excessive.

In Figures 1 and 2, the weighing member io is
The support means 5 for supporting the is an elongated rigid support rod 50 having a polished true flat surface 52 on one side thereof.
The support bar 50 includes a longitudinally extending shoulder 55 thereof.
It has a surface 54 disposed at an angle with respect to a flat surface 52 that forms a . The journal 5sH1 extends outwardly from the opposite end of the support rod 50 and has an outwardly extending protrusion 58 adjacent to the opposite side of the journal 5sH1. Fixed.

Each of the protrusions 58 has an elongated slot formed therein, through which extends an anchor 52 for securing the bearing block 60 to the side frame 2 of the ink metering device.

Four lifting screws: L54 extend through threaded passages in the projection 58 on the bearing block 60 and
As shown, the rounding of the movement of the support rod 50 in the vertical direction engages a surface 65 on the side frame 2 of the ink metering device.

The lateral adjustment screw 66 extends through a threaded hole in an outwardly extending ear 68 on the side frame 2 of the ink metering device and engages an end surface 66' on the projection 5B.

From the explanation of the spinning speed, the position of the bearing block 60 is
In order to move the support rod 50 with respect to the axis C of 0, the first
As seen in the figure, it is readily apparent that it is adjustable both vertically and horizontally.

The arm 70 is bolted or otherwise secured to the end of the journal on the support rod 50 and biased to the piston rod 71t of the hydraulically actuated cylinder 72 to be bolted to the bearing block 60. or otherwise engaged with the end of a stop screw 74 threaded to a fixed arm 75. It should be readily apparent that the support rod 50 is rotatable with respect to the bearing block 60 by adjusting the position of the end of the stop screw 74 with respect to the arm 75.

Pressure regulator R' is used to set the inlet pressure in cylinder 72 sufficient to hold arm 70 firmly against screw 74 due to all recesses of edge 25 into surface 45 of cover 44. will be equipped.

The metering member 10 extends through spaced holes in the clamping member 78 and through an oversized spaced hole extending through the cantilever adjacent the trailing edge of the metering member 10 on the υ support bar 50 by the bolt 76. The bolt 76 is screwed into a threaded passageway formed in the support rod 50. The rim 25 has a uniform spring rate over its length. Thus, the root 76 and the clamp 78 cooperate so that the metering member 10 is uniformly attached or supported by the support rod 50.

In the embodiment of the device shown in FIG. 1, the stop screw 74 is remotely controlled by a DC electric motor 80 fixed to the arm 75 by a support bracket 81. A motor 80 is used to further control the rotational speed of the screw 74.
A gear reducer is positioned between the screw 74 and the screw 74 .

A spline joint 76 is coupled between the output shaft of motor 80 and screw 74 . Motor 80 was manufactured by GloM, a TRI/V, Inc. located in Deton, Ohio.
It is commercially available from 1ndustrals Dlvlslon).

Conductors 82 and 84 extend between motor 80 and a conventionally designed motor position control unit 85 that includes a DC power source and a three position switch.

The motor position control unit 85 controls the arm 7 to provide a visual indication of the position of the support rod 50 for the metering member IO.
It has a digital readout indicator associated with the control unit 85 to indicate the position of a rotary potentiometer (not shown) at the end of the stop screw 74 that engages the stop screw 74. The motor position control unit 85 is fixed to the side frame 3 of the printing press in the embodiment shown in FIG. However, it is possible to have a metering member 10 adjacent to the feed end of the printing press or in the control cabinet so that the position of the metering member 10 can be remotely adjusted when the overall color of the ink is adjusted as required.
Preferably, an additional O motor position control unit 85t-positions.

The side frame 2 of the ink metering device is located opposite the printing press.
The IK is pivotally fixed to the side frame 3 of the adjacent press by a shaft 90. Hydraulic actuated throw-off
of4) The shilling 92 is pivoted to an ear 93 fixed to the side frame 3 of the printing press and to an ear 95 welded or otherwise fixed to the side frame 2 of the ink metering device. It has a piston rod 94. An on-stop (on-st@p) adjustment screw 96 is screwed into an ear fixed to the press frame 3 of the press and is fixed to ensure that the pressure between the surface 45 of the application roller 42 and the printing plate surface P1 is correct. It is positioned so as to engage the side frame 2 of the ink needle metering device when set. (on-stop) adjustment screw 98 is adjusted so that when the piston rod in the narrow off ring 92 is extended, the surface 45 on the roller 40
is screwed into a lug welded or otherwise fixed to the side frame bow of the printing press so as to engage the frame 2 of the ink metering device when separated from the surface of the printing plate P'. .

As previously mentioned, the end dam 6 is biased into sealing relationship with the opposite end of the application roller 4° and defines the opposite end of the reservoir R.

The ink retaining member 100 is positioned in a sealing relationship with the surface of the application roller 40 as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 and has opposing ends secured to the end dam 6. The lower l1102 of the ink retaining member 100 is the ink measuring member lO.
Preferably, it is slightly spaced from the upper surface 22.

The ink retaining member 100 defines the inlet side of the reservoir R.

The outlet of the locking R is fixed to the support rod 50 by the galle) 106, and is fixed to the support rod 50 by the nine member 105! 2 will be given.

A lower seal 108 adjacent the member 105 is positioned against the upper surface 28Kli of the metering member 10 to prevent ink from flowing from the reservoir R onto the upper surface 28 of the metering member 10, so that the ink can It becomes a trap to form an area of stagnation where it ceases to flow. Since lithographic inks are thixotropic, the viscosity of a moving ink is significantly reduced compared to the viscosity of a non-moving ink.

As illustrated in FIG.
Fixed to 0. Ink Stirrer 110Fi, Goldry/f-Py, Sta/Ford, CT
Hi w -(Baldwln-G@g@nhe1m・``
A rack and pinion extending longitudinally across the top of sump R carrying a mixing head driven through a chain by a constant speed motor (
(not shown). The mixing head is the construction roller 40
As the end of the dam 8KIIk approaches, it moves in the direction opposite KL, towards the other end of the sump. The agitator rotates within the ink to stir or shear the ink laterally to prevent viscosity irregularities along the reservoir.

The functions and functions of the nine devices described here are as follows.

The metering member 10 is centered by two pins 51 press-fit into the support rod 50, which extend through a precisely positioned centering hole in the metering member 10.The member lO is
76] to the surface of the support rod 50. A pin 51F in the support rod 50 extends through a hole in the member 1o.
i, ensuring uniform cantilevering of member lO along its length and uniform deflection and loading at its radial line 25; To allow relative movement of the bearing block 60 with respect to the ink side frame 2, the anchor gel 52 is loosened.

A lifting screw 64 is used to adjust the angular relationship between surfaces 26 on metering roller 10# with respect to a tangent to the radial line of application roller 40 passing through edge 25 and to make surface 52 parallel to axis GK. .

In order to align the edge 25 on the metering element IO with respect to the surface 45 on the resilient cover 44 of the application roller 40, a lateral adjustment screw 66 is used to move the bearing block 60 with respect to the application row 240.

After the edge 25 on the metering member 10 has been aligned with the surface of the application roller 40 and the angular relationship between the line tangent to the application roller IO and the surface 26 has been established, the anchor gel 52 is tightened and the bearing block 60 is tightened. It is rigidly fixed with respect to the side frame 2.

As can be seen in FIGS. 1 and 3, the tape 25 on the metering member 10 is now positioned on the roller 40 at a point PI' at approximately the 11 o'clock position.
intersects a surface 45 on cover 44 of. That is, assuming that 0 o'clock and 12 o'clock are at the apex of the construction roller 40,
When numbering clockwise, such as the numbers on the front of a clock, they intersect at positions within the 9 o'clock to 12 o'clock quadrant. Reservoir RFi, therefore formed as shown, naturally causes the ink to exert its own weight against the edge 25 of the metering element IO due to gravity, and the roller surface 45 on the cover 44 of the roller 40 at point P# This ensures that the ink on the front side of the metering element 10 is completely overflowed. Edge 25tl, now surface 45 of construction roller 40 and I kiss (klss)'1iI!
Positioned by touching. Print plate p on plate cylinder P
An amount of ink in excess of that required for continuously metering ink at 1 is applied from the reservoir R to the surface of the application roller 40 approaching the metering surface on the metering member 10.

After green 25 has been moved into I-kiss' contact with surface 45, stop screw 74 is rotated, thereby rotating support rod 50 from the position shown in solid lines in FIG. 2 to the position shown in dotted lines.

This causes the cantilever to deflect, resulting in a flexible polished green 2
S is biased into a pressure-indented relationship and K is brought into contact with the resilient surface of application roller 400. roller 4
The rotation of 0 continuously moves ink from the reservoir R into contact with the metering surface 24 and the edges, thus depositing a plethora of ink on the surface 45 of varying thickness as detailed below. The film 130 is sheared to form a film 130.

Assuming that the edge 25 is mounted b on a cantilever beam rigidly supported at one end, the equation for the elastic curve is Y=F(2L
-4L2X+X5)-E-6EI.

In the original model, the metering edge 25 and the shoulder 55 on the metering member 10
The distance between is the unsupported end of the cantilever, but is 1.62
5 inches (41,275 m), with surfaces 28 and 28'
The distance between the
A static load of . The support width S was 0.15 inches (3,81 mm), the metering member 100 modulus of elasticity E was approximately 30 x 106 psi (2,1093 x 106
114/m2).

The moment of inertia of the rectangular area) is equal to I#i, bh'÷12. Here, bIriIr is the width of the base of the area, and h is equal to the height of the rectangular area. 0.035 inch (
The moment of inertia l of a weighing member having a thickness of 0,889 mm) is 5.5 x 10' (In
')(1,487-).

At the unsupported end of the cantilever, the eel is equal to 0 and the deflection YFiFL , 3El is equal to 5, so a load of 25 pounds per inch of width (4,46 Kf/(m) is applied to the green 25 It was calculated that the deflection at the unsupported end of the cantilever should be approximately 0.51 inches (7,874 mm) when the edge 25
The force applied to 1/nd (0,4554~) is 0.0
Deflection of 12 inches (O4O'48■) or 1 inch (2,5
It was concluded that 81 lbs)' (36,7146 Kg) per 4cIL).

Of course, it is understood that the above elastic curve equation is merely an approximation for calculating edge 25 (Z) deflection.

The reason is that the metering member lOI/i is not accurately and rigidly supported or flanged on the shoulder 55 on the support rod 50;
0.035 inch (0,889■) IJ leaf (r
This is because ell/f) extends entirely to the shoulder.

However, it will be readily apparent that the edge 2s is elastically biased in the radial direction of the application roller 40.

In the above example, the distance or deflection moved by green 25 on metering member 10 is actually #-i, 2 per inch.
The average static load of 5/nd (4,46Kg/(7)) is
0.14 inch (3,55611
11). Deflection K of measuring member lO
1 inch per h25f! (4,46Kr/cm)
The force index (dlvldlng) is approximately 178 pounds per inch of deflection (70F4/cm2). The spring constant calculated from the actual deflection of the elastic member 10 is:
This is different from the approximate value of the spring constant calculated above. However, the difference between the approximately calculated spring constant and the actually measured spring constant was predicted.

A large 25/nd (
A wide support surface S of 10.15 inches (5·81 cm) was selected to provide adequate support area to accommodate the force of 11,54 Kf) into the surface 45 of the cover 44 of the application roller 40. Sufficient pressure was created to compress the entire surface 26 and both greens 25 and 28b.

The static recess was measured to be approximately 0.06 inches (1,524 ■);
Simultaneously with the rotation of the construction roller with a hardness of 60 degrees and a cover 44 with a thickness of 0.04 inch (12,7 mm),
,016m) changed at t. Therefore, for the desired deflection of the edge 2h of the cantilevered portion of the metering member 100, a force is required, for which the applied support surface is In order to meter a specific ink of known viscosity to a desired film thickness, a specific ink is applied in an amount sufficient to form a wedge or oriace between the metering surface at the first edge of the metering member and the roller surface. It is concluded that a supporting surface is required that will exert the pressure to properly indent the cover. In general, a small deflection of the edge requires a small force to achieve the small deflection and is supported by a small bearing area to properly provide enough force to deform a particular cover by the desired amount. A large deflection requires a correspondingly large force to obtain a large deflection, but must be supported by a large support area to obtain the same pressure and depression on the same cover.

Therefore, FIG. 3 shows the large support surface width S and the small width S
Both of I are shown. S is larger than t, i.e. about 2t
It is shown that S' is smaller than or equal to t4C, that is, about t.

Satisfactory results were obtained with S between t and 2t. Large edge deflections are also desirable to provide a system that is responsive to, but not too sensitive to, changes in the position of the stop screw 74.

Below [J1! The combined distance of the distance that the edge 25 deflects plus the distance that the hoe 25 is forced into the roller surface 45 is the distance that the roller surface 45 is pushed into the roller surface 45 when the roller surface and the green are forced into kissing contact. For example, irregularities or manufacturing defects in the roller surface 45 and slight ridges in the edge 25 may cause 45 and edge 25 could easily cause a maximum deviation of 0.002 inches (0.05081 EIl) to cause them to fail to match when they first contact together. If the edge 25 is deflected by 0.16 inches (4,064 cm) and forced into the roller surface 45 by 0.04 inches (0.016 m) under dynamic conditions, then the 0,0508m
) is only 1% of the combined distance of 0.20 inches (5.08 cm), and since the edge 25 and the cover 44 are elastic, the edge 25 and the roller surface are and mutually consistent. During such close coincidence, the pressure along the stripe region N is substantially constant, and small differences have an insignificant effect on the ink film.

This combined distance of deflection and indentation in dynamic conditions is 100 times the initial deviation and therefore the maximum error # after the edge 25 and roller surface 45 are forced into a pressure indented relationship. It is only 1%. Therefore, the pressure and indentation variations in the NK are more than enough to maintain the ink film thickness printing what the printer (Pr Int.rs) K] considers to be more than just uniformity. What is a printer?
very tight when the color intensity on the surface of the sheet does not vary much more than ±5%
As shown in FIG. 3, a resilient material is raised upstream from the surface 24 forming small bulges or waves 120 in the cover, while grooves or channels 27 are created downstream from the edge 25. As formed within the cover, the edge 25 on the metering member 10 is biased into a pressure indented relationship with the surface of the application roller 40. The front region of the surface 24 forms the side through which the ink is drawn. This wedge is bounded on one side by a portion of surface 24 and edge 25 and on the other hand by a portion of surface 45, perhaps by a bulge 12.
A cantilever delimited between a small portion of the 0 and a portion of the surface 25 immediately in contact with the layered edge 25 allows the flexible edge 25 to follow the contour of the application roller. Therefore, ll1IFi automatically moves slightly in the radial direction with respect to the axis C of the construction roller 4o. The wedge includes an edge 25 and a construction roller 4o that are deflected so as to be deflectable while facing each other.
This movement is desirable if a constant pressure relationship is to be maintained on the ink forced through the oriice. As described above, the contour of the surface of the construction roller 4o constantly changes as the roller rotates due to elastic memory, temperature changes, and dynamic variations in the elastic modulus. It is therefore important that [25] automatically moves radially and deflects longitudinally to follow this changing contour.

The resilient edge 25 of the metering member 100 and the resilient cover 44 of the roller 4o each have a specific spring constant K.

It can be seen as two opposing springs with 2 and 2 respectively. The combined spring constant Klj is small.

Table 1 and the resulting calculations are proof that Ni is less than either 1 or 2 and 1 first 00
, 001f shows that an error of 7f (0,0508 m) results in a final pressure error of only 1% of the static or dynamic pressure Table 1 Therefore, surfaces 22.28a, 26 and the line The working end 10# of the nine metering member 10 bounded by 28# is connected to the metering surface 2.
4 and edges 25 and 28b and has the same function as the cantilevered portion of the metering member 100, namely supporting the working end along its entire length in a radially resilient and tangentially rigid manner; The spring can be biased by any other means to achieve this. When the surface 24 is formed on a rectangular cross-section, the working end of the total member 10 forms a trapezoid-like shape 10' as seen in FIG.

Ink carried by surface 45 of application roller 40 impinges against metering surface 24 and surface 22, creating an area of turbulence adjacent the bulge on the resilient roller surface. Therefore, even though the metering member 24 is shaped and positioned, with l&25 being resiliently biased downwardly as seen in FIG. In order to prevent changes in the membrane 130 due to
The green 25I/i roller 40 is loaded sufficiently elastically. In this state, the polished nine edges 25 are removed by the construction roller 40.
It is also assisted by positioning K so that it is closer to the central axis C of the metering element 10 or is the same as any other point on the surface 26 of the metering element IO. The obtuse polished edge 25 advantageously deforms the resilient cover 44 on the application roller 40 so that the surface 2
A film of ink of precisely controlled thickness forms a wedge angle Wt between 4 and 120 degrees and has an approximate pressure profile as shown in Figure 3 when the maximum pressure occurs at the first edge 25. K so as to form.

A surface 28m on the metering member 10 immediately downstream from the surface 26 is positioned such that the indFO metered film is in contact with the metering member 10 only along the surface 26, and the ink film 1
30 from the metering member 10 at the edge 28b to prevent ink accumulation, dripping, and thus film 13.
The drag of the ink along the surface 28a such that it produces parallel flows that impair the uniformity of the
).

A film of ink 130 contacts surface 28' or
A recessed area 2 bounding the surface 28m of the heel 28b of the polished surface 26 so that the roller surface 44 cannot be bounced back.
The lower surface of the metering member 10 was formed such that 7 and 7 are arranged at an angle with respect to the direction of movement of the ink M130.

Accordingly, in the embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 3, the metering member is shaped and positioned so as to cause the film of ink to immediately separate from the metering member as it returns to its relaxed, undented position. be done.

In FIG. 5, it is shown that the edge 25Fi is pushed into the construction roller surface 45 by an amount equal to dlc, its original radius is R, the surface speed V, the cover thickness T, and the hardness 0. and has.

The measuring member 10 shown in FIG. 4 has a supporting surface width S1 and a thickness t.
l and t -rO Second cut to leave the height of the cantilever (rol
The distance represents the length of the cantilever and the counterbeam. The measuring surface 24Fi, is inclined at an angle B to the height of th. The full obtuse angle between 24 and 26 is equal to 90° + B.

Referring again to FIG. 3, the angle IA, I represents the angle of the slightly inclined surface 26 with respect to a line parallel to the tangent to the radius R of the roller by a distance equal to the indentation of d measured from P#. Point P# represents the entire intersection on radius R of the surface 45 of the tangent to the roller and the radial line. Tsuzuri 25 is
To ensure that it is pushed in by an amount greater than or equal to any other point on the surface 26, the angle '^3I is preferably 0 degrees or slightly greater than Lno.
Leek! NFi, support width SK) represented edges 25 and 28
b represents the ink between the depressed roller surface in the zone between and the support surface N26 of the metering member 10; In fact, the thickness of N is substantially the same thickness as the film 130 produced past the green 28b on the roller surface 45, which varies according to the aforementioned /f-7 meter. I^21 is the point P
“The angle between the radius line passing through the surface 24 and the surface 24, 8
The h0 angle wFi, equal to the sum of and #A31, is the entrance angle or wedge of the circle of the surface 24 and the tangent to the curve or virtual circle with the surface 120 moving towards the edge 25.

The pressure at edge 25 and angle W largely determine the thickness of membrane 130 for a given viscosity μ of the liquid.

The apparent pressure effect of such a metering member 10, properly utilized in combination with a resiliently covered application roller 40, is such that the roller cover surface 45 of the cover 44 is able to One would experience a significantly different pressure profile than prior art metering devices. In contrast to the prior art where the pressure is gradually increased to a maximum value at the trailing edge and rapidly decreased to zero as in conventional blade wiping techniques for coating paper etc. causes an almost instantaneous or sudden increase in the pressure on the roller cover as it concaves the approaching rotating roller, and this pressure reaches a peak or maximum value PM, and then the roller weighs against the edge 25. There is some sudden reduction as it passes under the support surface 26 of the member, and then again a rapid reduction to zero pressure as the roller exits the trailing edge 28b of the member. Stated in a somewhat different way, the maximum pressure PM of the metering device IO disclosed here is equal to the sluggish! of the metering member IO!
1 metering green 2] C and not at the second trailing edge 28b as in prior art paper coat applications, some prior art ink metering devices have a In order to avoid compromising the metering effect of the first edge, it is important to note that an important second green must also be provided to properly press this into the resilient application roller, as the first edge may experience an immediate pressure increase. No one got it right.

Furthermore, in positioning and supporting the two edges along their length as proposed herein, the rigid tangential support of the edge and its flexible radial support are such that the rollers rotate. KI+ acts to provide automatic consistency and uniformity of metering even when speed changes occur.

During testing of the foregoing device, the thickness of membrane 130 was reduced to a minimum thickness when the force urging edge 25t into pressure-pressed relationship with surface 45 was first increased, and then the force was further increased. It has then been discovered that the membrane 130 begins to increase in thickness while becoming uniform.

With reference to FIG. 5, it will be noticed that this surprising phenomenon occurs as the force of biasing the edge on the cantilever metering member lo toward the surface of the row 240 increases. When a light force was used to force the edge 25 into a pressure relationship with the surface 45, the color intensity (d@n5ity) was reduced. However, at this high load, the color intensity was not uniform laterally across the length of roller 40. As the force is increased, 1 inch (2
, 54 cm) The ink film thickness on the roller decreased until a somewhat heavier load was reached. Then the force urging the polished edge 25 towards the central axis C of the roller 40 increases K
As time progressed, the ink film thickness began to increase. In other words, as the force is increased, the film thickness first decreases, and then as further loads are applied, the film thickness begins to increase.Naturally, as the load increases,
25 pounds per inch on green 25 and surface 26 (4,4
When approaching a static average of 6/1), the color intensity became very uniform laterally across the roller 400 length tube and circumferentially around it. Surface 26 was 0.15 inches (3,811,111) wide. The thickness of the roller cover is 0.50 inches (12,7 cm) and the hardness is 60.
It was amazing. The resulting indentation (Ind@n
tation) is 0.04 inch (1,016 m)
And the radius of the roller is 5-inches (130,175■)
(See Table 2, Example 1).

At the threshold pressure, the ink film thickness suddenly stops decreasing and starts increasing when the blade on the edge 25 becomes higher, this phenomenon is caused by the fact that the green 25 is lower and forward of the cantilever metering member. As observed when constructing the rim, Figure 5 shows a position where the flexural load of the rim and the pressure (which determines the depression) and therefore the ink film thickness (which determines the color) are substantially constant. The metering member 10 is shown in such a pressed relationship with the surface 45 of the roller 40 in FIG.

In FIG. 5, it should be observed that the thickness of the ink [1130] varies as a function of the indentation of the polished edge 25 into the resilient surface 44 of the application roller 40.

As mentioned above, as the depression increases, the ink film 13
The zero thickness rapidly decreases to a minimum value and then begins to increase. on the metering element IO until the polished edge 25 is pushed to a point where the variation in the relationship of the initial edge to the roller along the length of the edge 25 is small with respect to the total deflection, for example less than ±5%. Any surface irregularities or imperfections on the application roller 40 can be measured and easily seen in the ink film 130. In this respect, the ink film is very regular and uniform and remains substantially uniform as the polished binding 25 is further deflected and forced into the surface of the application roller 40. .

The minimum ink film thickness depicted at the bottom of the curve in FIG. 5 is determined by the angle of metering surface 24 and edge 25 relative to roller surface 120, designated W in FIG. 3 for a particular ink viscosity. It is primarily controlled by the pressure at

3 and 4, the metering surface 24 is at angles B and #A.
sllIC and therefore the metering surface 24 is
When viewed in the figure, it bulges counterclockwise and tilts toward the peak of bulge 120. The minimum film thickness indicated in Figure 5 is:
A specific roller hardness and thickness, metering member support surface width, load, and ink viscosity are established. Therefore, the position angle l^21 between the radius of the roller and the metering surface 24,
By varying the obtuse angles #A, # created into the metering member 10, the family of curves depicted in FIG. 5 will occur as depicted in FIG.

The desired film falls well within the load range creating uniformity of the film 130 without sharpness of #A, # that would cause heat and rapid deterioration of the metering edge 25 or roller surface 45, and without significant pitting. It should be readily apparent from the foregoing discussion that FIG. 6 may be used to select the angle 1^21 and thus determine the obtuse angle 'A,'.

It has also been observed that by varying the viscosity of the ink in bath R, the thickness of membrane 130 can be varied somewhat. Therefore, by adjusting the temperature of the water or other suitable liquid passing through the passage 5I in the support rod 50 and the tube 7, the viscosity of the ink in the tank R can be adjusted to adjust the film thickness and the color. It can be changed. Ink viscosity or rheology (rh@ologV)
The can also be modified somewhat to change the color through the use of reducers and/or fillers.

Establishing a specific angular relationship between the radius of roller 40 and metering surface 24 results in a minimum film thickness that completely removes ink from the surface of roller 40 before the point at which the film thickness begins to increase. It should be noticed from FIG. 6 that this can lead to consequences. Therefore, in order to prevent rapid wear on the surface of the roller 40 and/or the edge of the metering member 10, uniformity is achieved while providing maximum and minimum film thickness without excessive pressure that would cause significant indentations and rapid component wear. In order to create the same angle, the angle l^1g should be chosen as shown, namely 30 degrees.

The curve and therefore the angle l^21 so that the minimum desired color can be reached approximately at the same time as the minimum achievable film is reached.
and therefore angle B is selected and determined. For example, l
A2g=15 degrees and #A2 #=45 degrees do not fit this parameter. Generally recommended or desirable color depth when using processing inks for lithographic offset printing on coated stock d@n5lty
) is 1.25 for cyan, 1.50 for magenta, and 1.60 for black. and 0.90 for yellow. This range is approximately ±1511 degree points (de
nsitypoInti) or a total of 30 concentration points.

Printing inks are generally oily, viscous substances that are highly pigmented and formulated to be sticky or sticky so that they adhere properly to the image areas of the printing plate. Inks commonly used to print newsprint have viscosities in the range of about 50-80/Az. Inks commonly used for letterpress printing and during heat set-in used for web offset printing have viscosities in the range of about 150-200/Az.

It has a viscosity range suitable for sheet-fed lithographic offset printing presses.

When different viscosities are encountered, the curves marked 0°, 15°, 30°, 145°, 60° as seen in Figure 6 will not stay at the labeled times. , therefore, Figure 6 holds true only for the specific design parameters of the rollers and metering elements and the rheology and strength of the particular ink used, such as black for letterpress newspapers. For inks that are more fluid than sheet-fed lithographic inks, the angle required to produce an acceptable vine color for direct lithographic printing onto newsprint stock is the 30 degree angle selected above. For very viscous and very strong inks, which would be on the order of 60 degrees, an angle of 12I smaller than 9K may be chosen to obtain the desired printing result. Therefore, by determining the application roller 240 and metering member 10 and the particular film and viscosity required, the color will be produced without significant denting that would cause premature failure of the cover and edges of the application roller and metering member, respectively. After all that is possible, #A3# should be 0 degrees or slightly larger, so #A, # and therefore B
The optimum angle can be easily found. Maximum angle l^
11 and 8, the most obtuse angle of the metering member 10, should always be used to obtain the desired result.

The flow of ink in the bath to the metering member is turbulent due to the construction of the metering member adjacent to the paddle and is therefore turbulent at 1 foot/ft.
) and other foreign matter from the high pressure area immediately adjacent the leading edge of the metering member. This waste and foreign matter is retained within the vortex of the paddle, thus minimizing particle retention on the edge of the metering member.

The flow of ink carried towards the polished first edge of the metering member by the movement of the surface of the resilient roller experiences an almost instantaneous pressure increase, and the turbulence The flow becomes laminar immediately adjacent to the edge. The ink is between the metering surface on the metering member adjacent to the polished first edge and the resilient surface of the roller! As it moves all the way through, shearing of the ink is accomplished.

The polished support surface and the edge on the metering member are applied to the resilient surface of the application roller by a force sufficient to indent the row 2 surface along the length of the row 2 surface and along the length of the edge. is biased towards. Ind@ntati required
on) the desired film thickness; the elastic modulus of the resilient roller cover; the thickness of the resilient roller cover; the temperature, strength, tack, and viscosity of the ink and other rheological properties and properties of the ink; Hand edge 9 (t@xtur・); condition of the leading edge of the metering member; width of the support surface; angle of the metering surface of the metering member; position of the support with respect to the line tangent to the roller; pressure; conditioning of the ink before and after application to the printing plate; and fallout solution present in the ink being metered.
tion) and the reservoir solution added to the metered ink film. The polished edge of the metering member should be slightly indented on the surface of the resilient roller 2, e.g., a 60 degree hardness roller with a cover thickness of about 172 inches (12,71). As the no-9 rotates, the flexible polished edge of the metering member shows that the roller surface is not perfectly circular and has slight ridges. move relative to the axis of the roller such that it maintains a state of equilibrium such that the edge automatically moves radially along its length and circumferentially (#) relative to the axis of the roller surface; .

FIG. 7 illustrates the uniformity of the color depth of the ink on the printed sheet as the force elastically biasing the edge 25 into a pressure-pressed relationship with the surface 45 on the row 240 increases. 1 schematically depicts the aforementioned phenomenon, which results in an increase in .

As discussed above in the discussion with respect to FIG. 10, the intensity of the color printed on the sheet was measured at multiple points on the surface of the sheet. The maximum and minimum readings of color intensity were recorded.

Edge 25 on metering element lO to change the overall color intensity
Nine sheets were selected and printed with various loads applied to them.

The force urging polished edge 25 into pressure-pressed relationship with the resilient cover on roller 40 is at line 01. in FIG.
It will be noticed that when the lengths of 02, Oi, and 04 are increased as indicated, the variation in color density between the maximum and minimum values across the sheet is reduced.

As the force biasing edge 25 into a compressed relationship with surface 45 is increased, cantilevered metering member 10 is deflected; the resilient cup on row 240 is deflected or depressed. edges 25 and 28b such that when edge 25 and the surface of the roller are positioned in kissing contact, edge 25 and the surface of roller 40 immediately adjacent thereto coincide, even if not perfectly coincident; It will be appreciated that the is slightly deformed along its length. Therefore, the measuring member l
The deflection of O, the deflection of the edge 25 along its length, and the deflection of the car 4-
All 44 indentations contribute to achieving uniformity of color depth and correct ink film thickness on the surface of the printed sheet.

5 and 7, the ink film thickness decreases to a minimum value and then increases as the force urging the edge 25 into a pressure-pressed relationship with the KCl surface 45 increases. Begin to,
It will be noticed that, therefore, the same ink film thickness is achieved at two true points on the curve. However, as shown by the difference in length between lines 02 and 04 in FIG. 7, the 74 variations in color depth are different at two points on the curve.

In FIG. 8, the dial indicator is connected to the support rod 50.
and is positioned in engagement with an upper surface 28 adjacent metering surface 24 on metering member IO. Construction row 2
When 40 is rotated? The overall reading of the ear indicator was observed to be 0.002 inches (0,0508111) J.

This is due to the protrusion of the radius of the surface of the row 240.
ut) is 0.001 inches (0,0254 ■) and the edge 25 on the metering member 10 is 0.002 inches (o, osoasm) for each rotation of the roller 40.
This indicates that it has moved only. When the surface speed of row 240 is increased, the amount of movement of edge 25 is
remained essentially the same at 40 different surface velocities. However, as the surface speed of roller 40 increased, the total deflection of metering member 10 increased somewhat. cylinder 92
It was also observed that 1825 would move approximately 0.020 inches (0.508 Km) toward center CO when the application rollers were stopped if the pressure on was not increased. Accordingly, the polished edge 25 on the metering member 10 will vary with respect to the axis CK of the application roller 40 based on each revolution of the application roller 40 in response to changes in the speed of the application roller 40 and the Prevents compressive stress on the roller cover due to the support surfaces and edges of the automatically moving and metering member and consequent damage to the 0-5 cover and the resulting streaks in the printed sheet. In order to do so, a system should be designed such that when the rollers stop, the pressure in the syringe sif 2 is reduced or released. Upon start-up, the air pressure is restored to the normal operating pressure on the stop screw 74. With this pressure, maximum indentation of the edge 25 into the roller surface 45 (Ind@n
tation) is only present when the low is 25 degrees below the edge.
5 is approximately twice the amount of the moving dent on the roller surface 45.
will push down.

In FIG. 9, the ink film thickness remains essentially constant over a wide speed range and is therefore substantially independent of the surface speed of the application roller 40.

As mentioned above, the green 25 on the metering member 10 automatically moves in the radial direction as the application roller 40 rotates.

However, the metering element IO is positioned such that the metering surface 24 and the polished edge 25 are tangentially rigidly supported. The force imparted to the metering surface as a result of the impact of the ink against the metering surface 24
oriented both tangentially and radially to the metering member lO
that the force on the surface 22 of is directed substantially only tangentially, and that the metering member 10
It will be noted that the angular position is challenged to be very stiff almost tangentially.

That is, in the operating dynamic position, the surface 26
The angle lfl^31 is substantially O[ or slightly larger, and the angle ItW of the pressure wedge acting on the roller surface 120 and the metering surface 24 is smaller than the edge 25 due to the small area of the surface 24. It is not possible to generate enough force to cause a change in the membrane 30 as the speed is increased, either away from the roller surface 45 or raising the roller surface 45 away from the edge 25.

Although the metering member 10 needs to be positioned so as to bias the track 2S elastically in the radial direction, the metering member 10
0 is the thickness of the beam t-") and the measuring surface 24
The metering member 1G should not be too thin, as it must have a sufficient thickness to allow the formation of a polished edge 25 on it and a polished edge 25 on it. When a compressive stress is exerted on it, it is similar to a long, thin, axially loaded column! This is because there is a tendency for the wire to bend and twist.

The color depth of the nine inks printed on the sheet was determined using a #SO5-40' digital reflective density needle, commercially available from C08AR Corporation, Garland, Texas. The color density readings of the primary color (Proc@ss) yellow in the longitudinal and transverse directions of the printed sheet are shown in FIG. It will be noticed that the horizontal color control is within a very tight range and the vertical control is also very tight. , cyan, and black were measured with equally good color control. The data shown schematically in FIG. This indicates that the weight is being measured.

The power required to drive a printing press equipped with the ink metering device described above is not significantly different from the power required to drive a printing press equipped with a conventional ink metering device. In most cases somewhat less. However, as mentioned above, the ghosted image on the surface 45 of the application roller 40, which is moving from the plate surface P' toward the inlet side of the tank R, can be completely removed with new ink. A freshly metered film is provided to the printing plate surface P' with each rotation of the application roller 40.

Therefore, the starvation of the ink
lon) or boost (ghostlng) have been removed. Additionally, the metering member 10 constructed and supported as described above allows ink to be applied to the printing plate surface without rapid wear of superimposed components, which is crucial in order to provide very high quality monochrome or multicolor prints. A sufficiently thin and sufficiently uniform film can be metered for application.

The color intensity can be changed on the fly by simply adjusting the position of the stop screw 74, and the run is remotely controlled. The metering element 10, when correctly shaped and positioned, controls the amount of ink in the ink. (1lnt) and other foreign matter on the surface 24 of the measuring member 10 and the surface 12 of the construction roller 40.
It rips out from the wedge formed between 0 and 0. Measuring surface 2
4 and surface 22 form a barrier over wedge 25, and excess ink on application roller 40 impinges against the barrier, creating a region of turbulence as described above. If a low pressure path is provided in the bath, since a region of high pressure is created in the straight line where the ink moves past the polished $125,
Lint and foreign matter tend to be ejected from high pressure areas. The cypress R is preferably at atmospheric pressure. Also, light foreign particles become separated at the center of the vortex generated within this low pressure region.

Again, creating a substantially radially steep surface 22
of hydrodynamic forces that would create a hydrodynamic pressure wedge that would tend to change the thickness of the ink film 130 by lifting the polished edge 15 as the surface speed of the roller 40 changes. Note that 1125 is hydrostatically supported by the ink carried by the surface 45 of the roller.

Also, the tendency of the metering member to move away from the roller and the tendency of the roller to move away from the metering member are
When both the roller cover and the metering member are resiliently spring biased together, each is quickly and automatically overcome by the opposing spring forces applied to the other.

Many factors contribute to the metering on the surface of the application roller 45: the angle between the metering surface 24 and the support surface 26 IA, I: the angle between the needle metering surface and the radius line l^2I; the metering @25 Conditions: Width of the support surface 260; Hard cover of the construction roller with elastic cover; Thickness of the cover 44 on the application roller 4o; Metering surface 25f in a relationship pressed by pressure with the cover 44 on the construction roller 40: energized. Includes loads or crabs applied for.

The stiffness of the working end 10' of the metering member 10 affects the uniformity.

As previously mentioned, the metering edge 25 on the blade must be deformable across the length of the application roller 40 to accommodate manufacturing imperfections in the roller surface to provide lateral uniformity.

The test data shows that the thickness of the ink film 130 is: (1) Pushing of the needle edge 25 into the cover of the application roller (Ind@
(2) decrease in the area of the support surface 26; (3) increase in the force urging the metering edge 25 towards the axis C of the application roller; (4) hardening of the cover 44 on the application roller. (5) Increase in the radius of curvature of the metering rim 25: (6
) increasing the thickness of the cover 44 on the construction roller; and (7)
An increase in the angle 1fIA21 between the radially extending line R of the application roller and the metering surface 24 is shown. In addition, an increase in the viscosity of the ink in the tank R'; a decrease in the temperature of the ink in the tank R'; and an increase in the roughness of the surface 45 on the application roller also cause an increase in the thickness of the ink film 130. will give rise to

Adjustment of any one of the first seven factors listed above is
Adjustment of the push-in of the metering lip 25, as will be understood, results in a reduction of the angle ItW shown in FIG.
and rotating the metering surface 24 around the metering rim 25 to form an angle f
#A! i#t - by changing or different angle ^1
The angle If due to K is equipped with a metering member 10 having
Adjusting 'A2' has been found to give the press operator proper control of the ink film thickness. In one test using a low viscosity letterpress ink, the ink film became too thick when a metering member with a 160 degree angle was used with a 4.0 degree FJ IK tube. . This metering member was replaced by a metering member having a 150°^1 angle and the ink film was satisfactory.

In another test, the film of printing ink 13G to which the sheet was fed was heated at 120° on a roller of 30° hardness,
It became too thick when using a metering member with angular changes. A 30 degree hardening roller was replaced with a 60 degree hardening roller, but the ink film 130 became too thin. 120
A metering member with an internal angle of 30 degrees was replaced with a metering member with an internal angle of t301t, and the ink film was satisfactory on a 60 degree hardness roller.

When a 90° angular metering member was sampled on a 60 degree hardness roller, the ink film 130 of the lithographic ink fed into the sheet became too thin.

The factors listed above that affect ink metering (m@t.rlng) must be interrelated to provide a thin metered film of ink suitable for application to lithographic printing plates. , the factors listed above in order to vary the ink film thickness, as detailed below in connection with various specific embodiments of the relationship of the working end 10' of the metering member 10 to the surface of the application roller 4°. One or more of the following can be adjusted.

In order to clearly understand the operation and function of the metering member 10, it is necessary to define various terms in order to clearly understand the function of the device. The metering surface 24 affects the metering of inks of different viscosities, and changes in the angular relationship of the metering surface 24 to the surface of the application roller will change the ink film thickness.

The main reason that metering surface 24 has a significant effect on ink film thickness is that metering surface 24 intersects support surface 26 at the apex and is not significantly rounded. The thickness of the ink film l° 30 is determined primarily by the relationship of the metering surface 24 and metering edge 25 to the surface of the application roller.

As will be explained in more detail below, the support surface 26 has an angular relationship with respect to the radius line R that does not by itself affect the ink film thickness within the thickness of the film of ink 130 formed on the application roller. It reflects what cannot be changed. Similarly,
The trailing edge 281) does not appear to affect film thickness. However, the trap 5 surface 28a and the support surface 26 must intersect at the top so that the metering member 1O leaves the surface of the application roller abruptly so that ink does not accumulate on the surface 28a.

The angular relationship between metering surface 24 and support surface 26 and the orientation of metering surface 24 and support surface 26 relative to surface 45 of application roller 40 are important.

As mentioned above, the angle IfI^ between the weighing surface and the supporting surface
The primary consideration in selecting 11 is the viscosity of the ink to be metered. In example U, a metering member having an angle of 1501 [between the metering surface 24 and the support surface 26 is used for metering a letterpress printing ink having a very low viscosity, which can be referred to as l, such as l water. It will be noted that the The lithographic ink has a higher viscosity than the letterpress mill 11 ink. In actual it and II, the angle VIA between the metering surface 24 and the support surface 26
, 1 was significantly smaller than the angle l^,l of the metering member used to meter the 1 letterpress ink.

In Example I, the metering rim 25 was formed to provide a highly polished precision surface as described above.

The width S of the support surface 26 does not by itself control the total thickness of the ink film formed on the application roller. However, the width of the support surface 26 allows the metering edge 25 to move into the resilient roller surface when a predetermined amount of force is exerted on the metering member.
is selected to give the desired indentation. The measuring edge is 25° to the surface of the construction roller 45 and pushed into the relationship by pressure.
The biasing force is sufficient to keep the metering lip 25 pressed into the resilient roller surface and to allow some movement of the metering #t25 in the direction of the roller's medial diameter as the roller rotates. The pressure should be large enough to provide uniformity and to prevent uncontrolled vibration or rattling of the metering rim 25 as the roller rotates. Since the push-in of the metering rim 25 is primarily a function of the pressure equal to the force divided by the area of the support surface, it is possible to establish the area of the support surface required to establish a particular noa parameter Ω to control the sensitivity of the device. I can do it.

The viscosity of the ink can be adjusted slightly by adding chemical thinners or thickeners and by adjusting the temperature. However, some properties of the ink should not be disturbed if good quality lithographic results are to be produced.

K[I contact 1. In order to establish a force Wt in the area between the surface 45 of the application roller and the metering surface 24, the angle l^2r between the metering surface of the metering member and the roller surface is mutually must be related to. It should be clear that if the same force is applied to the metering member, the same metering member will be forced deeper into a soft roller surface than if it were forced into a hard roller surface. It is. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, the angle 1iW between the application roller surface 415 and the metering surface 24 will be reduced when the application roller surface gap spacing is reduced.

The thickness of the cover 44 on the application roller affects the metering because the spring constant of the resilient roller is not linear as the force is increased. If the roller surface is highly compressed, its elasticity or ability to be deformed will be reduced. Therefore, if the thickness of the cover 45 on the application roller is reduced, the apparent stiffness of the resilient cover will increase.

As with the spinning speed in relation to the width of the support surface 260, the load on the metering member is selected to ensure that the metering edge 25 moves radially, if required, while the roller is rotating. It should be.

However, in order to establish the angular relationship between the surface of the application roller adjacent to the metering rim 25 and the metering surface necessary for uniform metering of a particular ink, it is necessary to press into the 10-ra. Must be large enough.

The angle lt'^,l between the line tangent to the surface of the application roller and the support surface 26 is defined by the force that urges the support surface 26 into a compressed relationship with the resilient roller surface. If the trailing edge remains pressed into the resilient roller surface, the angle I! is large enough to prevent (hydroplanning). '^31
It does not in itself affect the metering, but a very light force, e.g. If used for pushing, one support surface 26 is then used to eliminate the application of lifting forces under dynamic conditions that would increase the ink film thickness as the grain succession increases. , it is necessary to position the VC substantially perpendicular to the radially lying plane of the resilient mouth surface.

The following examples are provided to demonstrate specific examples of the application of the invention described herein using different lithographic inks with different viscosities.

The following are used as constants in the following examples: L=1.625'(41,2'751m):t=1#(
'25.4u): Angle "lA""': t = 0-
070'(1,778i11):r=0.055'(0
, 889 m): h = 0.02' (0,508 um): t
-h=0.05' (1,27vl): and t-r=0.
035#(0,8891!1).

Example 1 Lithograph printing ink, ki (off-cerat) supplied to the sheet
) Data ink 0 color) Rin color - magenta color and cyan colored paper stock Mead off nut enamel blue 70φ plate side
Trimetal - Metal Gamma Wool Cloth Leaps ÷714 Compressible Grease Harinu LUM-2/C Speed 2000~60001PH (50,8~152
．． 4m/hour) Roll width 3B' (96,52cm) Square #B
40° Angle l^+'130' Angle l^21 Approx. 40' S O, 150A'
609 T I/2'r12゜7U) (Buna N rubber) D 60 Shore A d Q, Q4# (1,016u) R
5;'(1-50, 175iijl) Color depth 1
．． 20-1.40 Reservoir solution 60A (15,6℃) - Alcohol 20
Titic acid stripe - FR to plate surface, 1/2 (5/8' (12
, 7 to 15.87510) Plate cylinder diameter 10' (25,4 crn) Speed ratio between application roller and plate cylinder = 1 = 1 Example 2 Letterpress newspaper ink (direct lithography) Ink color c) Black paper Stock Newspaper printing plate Western Front Page - Wise On Blanket N/,, A Press Busy Universal Speed (v) 300-900iPM (91,44-2
74.32m/min) Roll width 56' (91,44m) square 1t8
60° Angle lAl1 150° Angle #A2# Approx. 60° S O,090' (z, 286u) A'
9o.

T 3/8' (9,525 m) ('urethane) D 40 Shore A d Unknown R5T' (88,91! l) Color depth 1.10-1.20 Reservoir solution 70 a (21,1°C) -Alkaline (no alcohol) Stripes, F, R, 1/2' (12, 7fl) up to the printing surface
°Diameter of plate cylinder 13 u' (542,9℃m) Speed ratio between application roller and plate cylinder = 1:1 Example 3 Web offset lithographic printing ink (test stand) Ink (color) Primary color cyan paper stock N/ ^ Plate side N/^ Blanket N/^ Press N/^ Speed 11JV) 100-1200PPM (30,4
8~365.76m/min) Roll width '18' (457,2su) Square #tB
45' Angle + 1'^l' 135@ Angle I A21 Approx. 45@ s O, 125' (5,175scm)^
'90' T I/2' (12,7m1) (Buna N
) 0 60 Shore^ d Unknown R4'rt01.6u) Color intensity Film thickness reservoir solution estimated to be correct for web offset printing applications N/A Stripe-to-plate F, RN/A Diameter of plate cylinder N/A Speed ratio of construction roller and plate cylinder N/A Measuring member 1
When the working end 10' of 0 is supported by a cantilever as at spinning speed, i.e. giving an elastic radial force and a rigid tangential force, the rather large force and the resulting roller surface Through the deflection of the metering member against the curve, a greater degree of uniformity can be obtained.

However, unless a sufficient support area 26 is provided between the two edges of the metering member to minimize the pressure and hence the recess of the foil cover, large forces will cause the cover of the roller, especially the soft cover, to be damaged. It might cause a dent in the excessive KK. Therefore, more durable and harder roller covers are recommended. The pressure created on the first metering sleeve by slight deformation of the hard durable cover will generally be reduced unless an ineffective pressure wedge is formed by an obtuse angle on the depressed working end of the metering member. Weigh the thin and light membrane. The proportion of the indentation of the hard cover with slightly pressed edges gives the edges and roller cover a long life.

From the explanation of the spinning speed, the ink measuring member 1o is
0, it should be readily apparent that the objects of the invention listed above can be achieved.

It should be understood that other embodiments of the invention are possible without departing from the basic idea of the invention.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a view taken across a lithographic printing press. - FIG. 2 is an enlarged partial sectional view showing the relationship of the metering element to the resiliently covered foam roller in both static and dynamic operating conditions; FIG. 3 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view of the trapezoidal metering portion on the working end of the metering member. FIG. 4 shows the relationship of the various surfaces of the metering element to each other. FIG. 5 shows that a minimum ink film thickness is reached for a particular angular relationship between the metering member and the roller surface as the force urging the metering member into a pressure-pressed relationship with the roller surface is increased. , which is a graph schematically showing . FIG. 6 is a graph similar to FIG. 5 showing a family of curves for different angles lfK of the metering surface relative to the radial line of the roller. FIG. 7 is a graph schematically illustrating the variation in color density across a printed sheet in response to changes in the force that urges the edge of the metering member into a pressure relationship with a resilient surface. FIG. 8 is a graph schematically showing the variation in the position of the edge on the metering member as the resilient covered roller rotates at a constant rate and at varying speeds. FIG. 9 is a graph schematically showing that the ink film thickness is independent of the press length. FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing the intensity of colors on a printed sheet. l... Ink metering device, 5... Supporting means, supporting member, 6... Liquid carrying member, end dam, 10... Measuring member, 25... Measuring rim, 24... Measuring surface , 26...
・Support surface, 28 Hatake... Rear surface, 44... Elastic cup 1-145... Elastic surface, P... Printing plate surface FIG, IQ -eU) R6 Commissioner of the Patent Office, 1. Display of case 1982 Patent Application No. 12/10≠No. 3
, Relationship with the case of the person making the amendment Applicant 4, Agent

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) an application roller having a resilient surface biased into a pressure-loaded relationship with the printing plate surface; an ink metering member comprising an elongated metal strip; supporting means for supporting said metering member so as to form a cantilever having an unsupported end biased in a relationship such that: an excess of ink is applied to engage the unsupported end of the cantilever; , means for rotating said application roller; and: a metering portion on an unsupported end of a cantilever beam; a metering surface and a support surface formed on said metering portion. the metering surface and the support surface are inclined at an obtuse bevel angle and intersect at an apex to form a needle metering edge; intersect at the apex so as to form a trailing edge; said support means extend said support surface through the line of contact between the metering member and the surface of the resilient row 2; positioned substantially parallel to a tangent to the surface, said support means positioning the body of the metering member at an angle of less than 30 degrees with respect to the tangent; positioning said rear surface such that the angle between the tangent and the metering surface is greater than 30 degrees;
positioning the metering surface such that the angle between the metering member and the construction row 2 surface is less than 0 degrees; an ink for a lithographic printing press, characterized in that the ink is positioned such that it collides with the metering surface on the upper metering portion and separates the ink from the metering member at the trailing edge; Weighing device. (2) In a liquid metering device for metering and controlling a defined thin, uniform film of liquid of a given viscosity from a reservoir paddle containing an excess amount of liquid: continuous an endless rotatable liquid carrying member having a smooth, stiff, resilient outer cover with a woven surface capable of supporting a liquid film; substantially trapezoidal in cross-section and along its length; a flexible elongated metering member,
The trapezoidal shape is formed by two substantially parallel upper and lower surfaces, one surface being the top surface, the other surface being a smooth, hard support surface, and the other surface being a smooth, polished metering surface. a smooth, hard rear surface, the support surface intersecting the metering surface and the rear surface to form two smooth, hard edges along the entire length of the support surface; The endless rotatable liquid carrying member has an obtuse angle with the support surface such that a durable polished obtuse edge is formed at the intersection thereof. The metering surface of the metering member, whose length K119 is indented, forms a barrier to excess liquid carried on the woven resilient outer cover surface of the liquid carrying member. and the obtuse edge of the metering member is resiliently biased along its length against the resilient cover of the liquid carrying member, and the trapezoidal cross section is substantially biased against the support surface. When the liquid is more firmly supported in parallel planes and faces elastic forces against the obtuse edge and against the support surface of the metering member; Means for rotating an endless carrier surface with respect to the metering member such that it is collided with the barrier surface by K: a thin and substantially unbreakable continuous film of liquid is sheared and the outer force of the carrier member metering onto and uniformly from the rear surface and trailing edge of the metering member; the forces acting on the flexible and elongated support surface of the metering member are such that the liquid is metered a carrier member for providing a substantially unbroken continuous film of liquid along the length of the metering member and in the path of the metered film as it exits the trailing edge of the member; the force is sufficient to resiliently indent the resilient wall of the metering member along the edge of the metering member; and the inlet of the metering surface of the metering member and the carrier surface adjacent to the obtuse metering edge of the metering member. The pressure exerted on the liquid mass on the surface of the resilient surface of the outer cover of and the bluntness of the obtuse angle of the metering lip is applied without undesirable indentations causing rapid deterioration of the metering element or carrier surface. preselected and sufficient to meter a liquid having a rheology to a desired film thickness; (3) Application roller with resilient cover: means for biasing the application roller into a pressure indented relationship with the lithographic printing plate surface; metering surfaces that intersect to form an obtuse metering edge and a trailing edge. a metering member having a support surface and a rear surface; means for rotating the application cooler to move ink on the application roller towards the metering surface on the metering member; extending in a radial direction of the metering surface and the application roller; means for positioning the support surface substantially contacting and engaging the surface of the application roller such that the angle between the line and the metering line is between 10 degrees and 70 degrees; The surface is sloped from the radial line towards the approaching application roller surface, and the metering rim is such that the change in angle between the radial line and the metering surface causes the metering rim on the application roller surface to the metering edge and the trailing edge being in a pressure indenting relationship with a resilient roller surface; An ink metering device for a lithographic printing plate comprising: means for biasing;