JPH0550348A - Workpiece holder in machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To perform a job for positive machining by preventing a workpiece from being vibrated at the time of machining the workpiece by tools including a face mill and so on. CONSTITUTION:A spindle head 22 and a mobile frame 34 are installed each in a lifting frame 16 free of movements for access or separation to or from a workpiece 28. A tip of the mobile frame 34 is formed into a bifurcate form allowing an insertion of the workpiece 28, and tollers 50, 50 holding the workpiece 28 between are installed in their branch pieces 44 and 44. In succession, the workpiece 28 is machined by a face mill 26 installed in the spindle head 22.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a workpiece holding device for a machine tool, and more particularly, to machining a workpiece, especially when machining an end surface of the workpiece having a thin plate thickness. The present invention relates to a device for holding a workpiece, which can prevent vibration of a part due to cutting resistance of a tool or the like and achieve good and reliable machining.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A flat surface, curved surface, groove,
A milling machine is generally known as a machine tool for machining screws, gears and the like. This milling machine is configured such that a spindle head provided on a column is rotatably provided with a spindle, and a workpiece is machined as required by a tool detachably attached to the tip of the spindle. That is,
Positioning and fixing the work piece on the table of the milling machine, along the processing surface of this work piece, move the tool such as the face milling machine (milling cutter) attached to the milling machine, or move the table to the tool. The required processing is performed on the workpiece by moving the workpiece.

[0003]

As described above, in the milling machine, machining is performed by forcibly moving the rotating tool against the work piece while moving the tool. For this reason, the cutting resistance by the tool is inevitably applied to the workpiece during the machining by the tool. In this case, for example, when the above-described processing is performed on the open end surface of a work piece such as a box frame, if the plate thickness of the frame is sufficient, there is almost no problem even if cutting resistance is added. .. However, when the plate thickness is thin, there are drawbacks such that the periphery of the processed portion of the work piece vibrates due to the strong cutting resistance of the tool, the processing becomes impossible, and a smooth cut surface cannot be obtained.

[0004]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been proposed in view of various drawbacks inherent in machining an open end surface of a thin plate to be machined, such as the above-mentioned box frame, in order to solve the problems. Even if a cutting resistance due to a tool is applied to the work piece during the machining, a means for preventing the work piece from vibrating for reliable machining and obtaining a smooth finished surface is provided. The purpose is to provide.

[0005]

[Means for Solving the Problems] Overcoming the above-mentioned drawbacks,
In order to achieve the intended purpose, the present invention provides a spindle head that is rotatably provided with a spindle, and a tool that is detachably attached to one end of the spindle to perform required machining on an end surface of a workpiece. In the machine, a pair of roller supports, which are provided so as to sandwich a work piece at a fixed position independent of the spindle head, and rotatably pivotally support rollers at their opposite ends, and these rollers. It is characterized in that it comprises a moving mechanism for moving the support body toward and away from the work piece so that the work piece is nipped and pressed by the rollers.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, another invention of the present application is that a spindle head is rotatably provided with a spindle, and a tool which is detachably attached to one end of the spindle is used to perform a required machining on an end face of a workpiece. In the machine tool configured to perform the above, the spindle head is provided so as to face each other so as to sandwich the vicinity of the processing portion of the workpiece by the tool, and the rollers are rotatably rotatably supported at their opposing ends. A pair of roller supporting arms and a moving mechanism for moving the roller supporting arms toward and away from the work piece so that the roller holds the work piece in pressure contact with each other. ..

[0007]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A workpiece holding device for a machine tool according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings with reference to the preferred embodiments.

(First Embodiment) FIG. 1 shows a first preferred embodiment of the present invention.
It is a perspective view which shows roughly the milling machine which concerns on an Example.
In the illustrated milling machine 10, a column 14 is slidably mounted on a bed 12 having a T-shaped cross section.
4 is reciprocated in the longitudinal direction (Y direction) of the bed 12 by an appropriate feeding mechanism (not shown) composed of, for example, a combination of a ball screw and a nut or a combination of a rack and a pinion. The column 14 is composed of a base portion 14a slidably fitted to the bed 12 and a vertical portion 14b extending above the base portion 14a. One side of the vertical portion 14b in the extending direction of the bed 12 is provided. , A spindle head 2 described later
Lifting frame 16 with 2 and moving frame 34
Is arranged so that it can be raised and lowered (reciprocating in the Z direction).

(Ascending / descending frame) That is, as shown in FIG. 2, the ascending / descending frame 16 is formed in an L shape on the front surface, and the vertical portion 16a thereof is formed to project from the vertical portion 14b of the column 14. T-shaped guide surface 18
It is slidably mounted on the. This lifting frame 16
Can be moved up and down along the guide surface 18 of the column 14 by a mechanism similar to the feed mechanism of the column 14.

(Regarding the spindle head) On the side surface of the vertical portion 16a of the elevating frame 16 in the extending direction of the horizontal portion 16b, extending in the direction (X direction) intersecting the moving direction (Y direction) of the column 14. A guide surface 20 is provided, and a spindle head 22 is slidably provided on the guide surface 20. Then, the spindle head 22 is guided by an appropriate feeding mechanism (not shown) including, for example, a combination of a ball screw and a nut or a rack and a pinion.
The tool 26 (to be described later) is reciprocally moved in the extending direction of 0 (X direction) so that the position of the tool 26 (described later) can be adjusted. A table (not shown) is provided adjacent to the bed 12 so that the workpiece 28 can be positioned and fixed with the end face 28a of the workpiece 28 directed toward the spindle head 22.

As shown in FIG. 3, the spindle head 22 has a spindle 24 positioned parallel to the moving direction of the head 22.
Is rotatably provided, and a tool 26 such as a face milling cutter is removably attached to one end of the main shaft 24 to direct an end face 28a of a workpiece 28. The other end of the spindle 24 is connected to a motor 30 arranged in the spindle head 22 via a coupling (not shown), and the motor 30 rotates the spindle 24. Therefore, the end face 28a is processed by moving the elevating frame 16 up and down with the rotating face mill 26 in contact with the end face 28a of the workpiece 28.

(Regarding Moving Frame) As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, on the upper surface of the horizontal portion 16b of the elevating frame 16, a pair of supporting members are arranged at a predetermined interval in the moving direction of the column 14. A plurality of sets (two sets in the embodiment) of the bodies 32, 32 are arranged at predetermined intervals in the moving direction of the frame 16 (X direction). The moving frame 34 is slidably mounted on these supports 32. That is, on the bottom surface of the moving frame 34, the frame 34 is provided at a position corresponding to the pair of supports 32, 32.
The rails 36, 36 are arranged over substantially the entire length in the longitudinal direction, and the rails 36, 36 are mounted on the corresponding support bodies 32, 32 so as not to fall off.

Further, the rear portion of the horizontal portion 16b (workpiece 28
A hydraulic cylinder 40 is disposed via a bracket 38 at an end portion thereof away from the drive cylinder, and a piston rod (not shown) of the hydraulic cylinder 40 has one end connected to a rear end portion of the moving frame 34 by a clevis connection. It is fixed to the other end of the rod 42. Therefore, by urging the hydraulic cylinder 40 in the forward and reverse directions, the moving frame 34 moves the drive rod 42.
It moves back and forth in the same direction as the moving direction (X direction) of the spindle head 22 (see FIG. 6).

(Regarding Roller Support) As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the front end of the moving frame 34 (the end facing the workpiece 28) is formed in a bifurcated shape, and the branch piece 4 thereof is formed.
4, 44 are horizontally separated by a size that allows the work piece 28 to enter. Each branch piece 44 is provided with a hole 44a opened on the surface facing the other opposite branch piece 44, and the roller support 46 is slidably fitted in the hole 44a. The roller supports 46, 46 have rollers 50 rotatably arranged at opposite ends via shafts 48 in the X direction, and the roller supports 46 are moved close to each other by a moving mechanism 52 described later. As a result, the work piece 28 is sandwiched between the pair of rollers 50, 50.

(Regarding Moving Mechanism of Roller Support) Each of the roller supports 46 is configured to be able to move toward and away from each other by a moving mechanism 52 as shown in FIG.
Since the moving mechanisms 52, 52 for the roller supports 46, 46 are the same, only the moving mechanism 52 for the roller supports 46 located on the right side in the figure will be described.

Inside the branch piece 44, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, a long pinion 5 is provided via a vertical shaft 54.
6 is rotatably supported, and the upper part of this pinion 56 is
A rack portion 46 formed on the outer surface of the roller support 46.
It meshes with a. In addition, the hole 44a in the branch piece 44
A rack 58 is movably provided in a direction intersecting with the roller support 46 below the punching position of the rack 58.
Mesh with the lower part of the pinion 56.

A through hole 34a is formed along the longitudinal direction of the moving frame 34, and a moving rod 60 is slidably inserted into the through hole 34a. The rack 58 is connected to the end of the moving rod 60 that is directed toward the branch piece 44 via a connecting member 62. Also,
At the other end of the moving rod 60, a piston rod (not shown) of a hydraulic cylinder 64 arranged at the rear end of the frame 34 is provided.
Is stuck.

That is, by biasing the hydraulic cylinder 64 in the forward and reverse directions, the rack 5 is moved through the moving rod 60.
8 moves back and forth, which causes the pinion 56 to rotate in the forward and reverse directions. Then, the rack portion 46a is attached to the pinion 56.
The roller support body 46 meshing with each other moves forward and backward in the hole 44a. Therefore, the pair of moving mechanisms 52, 52
By urging the hydraulic cylinders 64, 64 of both rollers in the same direction,
At 50, the work piece 28 can be pinched and released.

By setting the roller support 46 so that the hydraulic cylinder 64 always urges the roller support 46 in a direction in which the roller support 46 approaches the workpiece 28, the roller is supported when the workpiece 28 is distorted or bent. The 50 can be moved following the distortion or bending without separating from the workpiece 28. Further, by adjusting the amount of hydraulic pressure supplied to the hydraulic cylinder 64, the workpieces 28 formed by the rollers 50, 50 can be adjusted in accordance with the magnitude of the cutting resistance that changes depending on the material of the workpiece 28 and the state of the cutting surface. The clamping force of can be easily changed. A pneumatic cylinder can be used in place of the hydraulic cylinder 64, and the roller support 46 can be used.
May be moved closer to the workpiece 28 simply via the compression spring.

(Operation of First Embodiment) Next, the actual use of the milling machine according to the first embodiment will be described. First, with the open end surface 28a of the workpiece 28 facing the front milling cutter 26 attached to the spindle 24,
Position and fix it (not shown). At this time, the spindle head 2
As shown in FIG. 6A, the 2 and the moving frame 34 stand by at a position separated from the work piece 28.

When processing the end surface of the work piece 28, first, the hydraulic cylinder 40 is biased in the direction in which its piston rod extends out of the barrel, and the moving frame 34 is brought close to the work piece 28 via the drive rod 42. Move (Fig. 6
(See (b)). At this time, the rollers 50, 50 are separated from each other by a distance that allows the workpiece 28 to enter between the branch pieces 44, 44. However, when the moving frame 34 moves forward and the workpiece 28 enters the bifurcated portion of the frame 34, the detection means (not shown) detects this and controls the hydraulic cylinder 40 to stop.

Next, by urging the hydraulic cylinder 64 of each moving mechanism 52 in the required direction (in the embodiment, the direction in which the moving rod 60 is retracted), the roller support members 46,
The workpieces 28 are sandwiched by the rollers 50, 50 by moving the workpieces 46 in the direction of approaching each other (see FIG. 3). At this time, the roller 50 is pressed against the workpiece 28 by the respective hydraulic cylinders 64 at a required pressure.

In this state, the machining operation is started and the motor 3
0 is driven to rotate the face milling cutter 26 attached to the tip of the spindle 24, and the spindle head 22 is moved in the X direction along the guide surface 20 to move the face milling cutter 26.
Is brought into contact with the end surface 28a of the workpiece 28 with a required depth of cut. Then, as shown in FIG. 6C, the lifting frame 16 is moved upward along the guide surface 18 of the column 14 to machine the end surface 28a of the workpiece 28. Further, the rollers 50, 50 rotate and move with the workpiece 28 being sandwiched, as the lifting frame 16 moves.

At the time of this machining, the cutting resistance by the face mill 26 is applied to the end surface 28a of the workpiece 28 as described above. However, according to the apparatus according to the embodiment, since the portion of the workpiece 28 that is close to the processed portion is sandwiched by the pair of rollers 50, 50, the face mill 2
By the processing of 6, the processed portion does not vibrate and a smooth cutting surface can be obtained. The roller support 46,
Since 46 is always urged by the hydraulic cylinders 64, 64 in a direction in which it is pressed against the work piece 28, even if the work piece 28 is distorted or bent, the rollers 50, 50 follow the distortion or bend. It is possible to move and hold the workpiece 28 with a required pressure at all times.

In the first embodiment, the case where the work piece is sandwiched by one set of rollers has been described. For example, a plurality of sets of rollers are arranged in series, and the work piece is sandwiched by each roller set. You may do it.

(Second Embodiment) FIG. 7 shows a second preferred embodiment of the present invention.
A perspective view schematically showing a main part of a milling machine according to an embodiment,
FIG. 8 is a schematic side view showing the overall configuration of the milling machine. The members having the same functions as those of the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals.

In the illustrated milling machine 10, a saddle 65 is slidably mounted on a bed 12 having a T-shaped cross section, and the saddle 65 includes, for example, a combination of a ball screw and a nut or a rack and a pinion. By a suitable feeding mechanism (not shown) consisting of a combination, etc., the longitudinal direction of the bed 12
It is reciprocated in the (Y direction) (see FIG. 9). A guide surface 65a is formed on the upper surface of the saddle 65, and a holding base 67 having a base 66 on the front side is slidably mounted on the guide surface 65a. The holding base 67 is similar to the feeding mechanism of the saddle 65. The mechanism reciprocates in the X direction along the guide surface 65a. In addition, in the position adjacent to the bed 12,
A table capable of correspondingly positioning the work piece 28 in front of the first spindle 24 and below the second spindle 82 described later.
(Not shown) is installed.

(Regarding Base) As shown in FIG. 10, the base 66 has a main body 66a fixed to a holding base 67, and a front side (a side away from the holding base 67) at both ends of the main body 66a in the Y direction. It is formed in a U shape from a pair of protruding arm portions 66b, 66b. Swing shafts 68, 68 extending in the Y direction are rotatably supported near the tips of the both arm portions 66b, 66b, and both shaft ends are located inside the arm portion 66b (opposing the opposite arm portions 66b. Projecting outward).

(Regarding Oscillator) Both Arms 6 of the Base 66
An oscillating body 69 formed in a planar U shape faces between 6b and 66b, and the arm portions 69b and 69b protruding from the main body 69a of the oscillating body 69 are located inside the corresponding arm portion 66b of the base 66. They are fixed to the swing shafts 68 projecting to the respective sides. Further, as shown in FIG. 7, one end of a swing arm 70 is fixed to a shaft end of the swing shaft 68 protruding outward from the arm portion 66b, and the other end extending rearward of the swing arm 70 is provided with a sector. A gear 71 is arranged.

As shown in FIG. 10, a drive shaft 72 extending in parallel with the Y direction is rotatably supported by the main body 66a of the base 66, and the drive shaft 72 protrudes outward from the main body 66a. Gears 73, 73 are arranged at the shaft end, and each gear 73
Are configured to mesh with the corresponding sector gear 71. In addition, another gear 7 is provided at a position where the drive shaft 72 faces the main body.
4 is provided, and the gear 74 is the gear 7 connected to the output shaft of the swinging motor 75 provided on the base 66 via a speed reducer.
It meshes with 6. Therefore, by driving the swing motor 75 in the forward and reverse directions, the drive shaft 72, the swing arm 70,
The oscillating body 69 oscillates in the vertical direction via 70 and the oscillating shafts 68, 68 (see FIG. 18).

(About Spindle Head) As shown in FIG. 10, a pair of guide rails 77 are provided on the inner surface of the main body 69a of the swinging body 69 (the surface of the base 66 which is separated from the main body 66a) at a predetermined distance in the Y direction. , 77 are arranged in parallel, and the spindle head 22 is arranged on both guide rails 77, 77 so as not to fall off and to be able to move up and down (reciprocally movable in the Z direction). Further, as shown in FIG. 16, a ball screw 78 is rotatably arranged in parallel with the guide rail 77 at the center position in the separating direction of both guide rails 77, 77 of the rocking body 69.
The upper end of the ball screw 78 is connected to the output shaft of a lifting / lowering motor 80, which is arranged upside down on the upper surface of the rocking body 69 via a bracket 79. Further, the ball screw 78 is screwed into a nut 81 arranged on the back surface of the spindle head 22. Therefore, by driving the lifting motor 80 in the forward and reverse directions, the spindle head 22 moves up and down along the guide rails 77, 77 under the cooperation of the ball screw 78 and the nut 81 (Fig. 17 (b). )reference).

The spindle head 22 shown in the second embodiment will now be described.
Is, as shown in FIG. 8, a first spindle 2 orthogonal to the XZ direction.
4 and the second spindle 82, the end face of the workpiece 28 is processed by the tool (face milling cutter) 26 provided on the first spindle 24 (FIG. 17), and the tool (face milling) provided on the second spindle 82 ( Drill)
The work piece 28 is perforated by 83 (FIG. 19).
Is configured to get. Further, when the work piece 28 is processed by the tools 26 and 83 arranged on the respective spindles 24 and 82, the devices for holding the work parts of the work piece 28 are provided correspondingly, so The structure of members related to the first main shaft 24 will be described, and then the structure of members related to the second main shaft 82 will be described.

(About the first spindle) The spindle head 22
Is the first spindle 24 extending in the X direction as shown in FIG.
Is rotatably provided, and a tool 26 such as a face milling cutter is detachably attached to an end portion of the first spindle 24 projecting to the front surface of the spindle head to direct an end surface 28a of a workpiece 28 positioned on the table. Is configured to. Further, the first motor 30 is arranged inside the spindle head 22,
The first main shaft 24 is rotationally driven by the first motor 30. Therefore, the end face 28a is machined by moving the spindle head 22 up and down while the rotating face mill 26 is in contact with the end face 28a of the workpiece 28.
(See FIG. 17 (b)).

(Regarding Device for Retaining Workpiece Related to First Spindle) Above the position where the first spindle 24 is disposed in the spindle head 22, as shown in FIGS. 11 and 13,
A pair of support shafts 84, 84 parallel to the first main shaft 24 are rotatably supported at predetermined intervals in the Y direction. A sleeve 85 is externally fitted to the inside of a predetermined length from the tip of each support shaft 84 (the end protruding from the front surface of the spindle head 22) so as to be rotatable integrally with the support shaft 84 and axially movable. .. A peripheral groove 85a is formed near the rear end of the sleeve 85. Further, a cylinder 86 is arranged between the support shafts 84, 84, and an engaging member 87 arranged at the tip of a piston rod 86 a of the cylinder 86 is provided on both sleeves 8.
5,85 are commonly fitted in the circumferential grooves 85a, 85a. Therefore, by biasing the cylinder 86 in the forward and reverse directions, the pair of sleeves 85, 85 moves forward and backward in the X direction along the support shafts 84, 84 (see FIG. 14). Since the engaging member 87 is only loosely fitted to the sleeves 85 and 85, the sleeves 85 and 85 are allowed to rotate.

As shown in FIG. 12, a roller support arm 88 having a dogleg shape is integrally formed on the sleeve 85, and the roller support arms 88 and 88 are opposed to each other with the front milling cutter 26 interposed therebetween. positioned. At the lower end of the roller support arm 88, a pair of support plates 89, 89 having a substantially triangular shape are rotatably supported by a pin 90 parallel to the first main shaft 24. And the support plate 8
The other opposing roller support arm 88 at 9,89
A plurality of (two in the embodiment) rollers 5 are provided at the portion protruding to the side.
0 is rotatably clamped. The peripheral surface of each roller 50 is positioned so as to project outward from the support plate 89, and the peripheral surface of the roller 50 can contact the workpiece 28. Further, the upper end of the support plate 89 and the roller support arm 8
8, a tension spring 91 is stretched between the support plate 89 and the support plate 89, and the support plate 89 is always urged to rotate in the direction of the opposite support plate 89.

On the top plate of the spindle head 22, as shown in FIG. 7, a pair of hydraulic cylinders 64, 64, which are swingably supported in the vertical direction, are arranged in parallel at a predetermined interval in the X direction. The cylinders 64, 64 are positioned so that their heads face each other. Further, as shown in FIG. 14, the other end of the rotary arm 92, one end of which is integrally rotatable with the support shaft 84 and is slidable in the axial direction, is formed in the top plate of the spindle head 22. It projects upward through the elongated hole 22a. The piston rod 64a of the corresponding cylinder 64 is clevis-connected to the protruding end of the rotating arm 92. Therefore, by urging the cylinder 64 in the forward and reverse directions, the support shaft 84 rotates in the forward and reverse directions, whereby the roller support arm 8 is rotated.
8 swings within a predetermined range. That is, by urging the paired cylinders 64, 64 in opposite directions,
The rollers 50, 5 arranged on the roller support arms 88, 88
With 0, the work piece 28 can be clamped or released.
(See Figure 12).

It should be noted that while the front milling machine 26 is processing the workpiece 28, the cylinder 64 keeps the roller 50 moving.
Is set to urge the work piece 28 in a direction in which the work piece 28 is pressed against the workpiece 28 at a predetermined pressure. Therefore, even if the work piece 28 is distorted or bent, the roller 50 follows the work piece 28 without moving away from the work piece 28.

(About the second spindle) The spindle head 22
Is the second main shaft 82 extending in the Z direction as shown in FIG.
Is rotatably provided, and a tool 83 such as a drill is detachably attached to an end portion of the second spindle 82 projecting from the bottom surface of the holding body, and a workpiece 28 positioned on the table is perforated. Is configured to get. A second motor 93 is arranged upside down on the ceiling surface of the spindle head 22, and the motor 93 is coupled to the second spindle 82 via a coupling (not shown).
The second main shaft 82 is rotationally driven by the second motor 93. Therefore, the rotating drill 83 is attached to the workpiece 2
By lowering the spindle head 22 in a state of facing the upper side of the workpiece 8, a hole having a required diameter can be formed in the workpiece 28 (see FIG. 19B).

(Regarding Device for Retaining Workpiece Related to Second Spindle) A pair of cylinders, as shown in FIG. 94, 94 are arranged upside down. Further, on the front surface (the surface facing the spindle head 22) of the main body 69a of the oscillating body 69, a pair of guides 95, 95 are provided at a position facing directly below each cylinder 94 and are vertically spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance. A slide rod 96 is provided projectingly and slidably arranged on both guides 95. The upper end of each slide rod 96 is connected to the corresponding cylinder 94, and the slide rod 96 is moved up and down along the guides 95, 95 by the forward and reverse biasing of the cylinder 94.

As shown in FIG. 15, a bracket 97 extending forward is horizontally arranged at the lower end of the slide rod 96, and an electromagnet 98 is arranged on the lower surface of the extending end of the bracket 97. Further, as shown in FIG. 9, the pair of electromagnets 98, 98 arranged at the lower ends of both rods 96, 96 are positioned so as to face both sides of the axis of the second spindle 82 arranged in the spindle head 22. There is. That is, the electromagnet 9
Numeral 8 electromagnetically adsorbs the vicinity of the processing site of the work piece 28 positioned on the table, and prevents the work piece 28 from vibrating or bending during drilling by the drill 83 arranged on the second spindle 82. Function to do so.

(Operation of Second Embodiment) Next, the actual use of the milling machine according to the second embodiment will be described.

(Regarding machining by the face milling machine provided on the first spindle) First, the work piece 28 is opened and its open end surface 28
A is positioned and fixed on the table (not shown) in a state of facing a face milling cutter 26 attached to the first spindle 24. At this time, the base 66 is, as shown in FIG.
While waiting at a position separated from the workpiece 28,
Both roller support arms 88, 88 are in the open state and stand by at a position retracted from the front surface of the front milling cutter 26 (a state indicated by a chain double-dashed line in FIG. 14).

When processing the end surface of the work piece 28, first, the cylinder 86 is biased in the direction in which the piston rod 86a extends from the inside of the barrel, whereby the engaging member 87 is formed.
Support sleeves 84,8
Move forward along 4. As a result, the sleeve 8
Roller support arms 88,8 formed integrally with the 5,85
8 projects to the front side of the front milling cutter 26 in the open state (state shown by a solid line in FIG. 14). Next, the first motor 30 is driven to rotate the front milling cutter 26 attached to the tip of the first main shaft 24, and the base 66 is moved in the X direction along the guide surface 65a of the saddle 65.
As shown in FIG. 17B, the front milling cutter 26 is attached to the workpiece 2
The end face 28a of No. 8 is brought into contact with the required cut amount. At this time, the workpiece 28 has the roller support arm 88 in the open state,
During 88.

Further, by urging the hydraulic cylinders 64, 64 arranged on the ceiling surface of the spindle head 22 in a required direction (in the embodiment, the direction in which the piston rod 64a is pulled into the barrel), the rotating arm 92 is moved. The support shafts 84, 84 rotate in opposite directions via the shafts 92, 92. Since the sleeve 85 is externally fitted so as to rotate integrally with the support shaft 84, the pair of roller support arms 88, 88 are provided.
Is rotated in a direction in which the rollers 50, 50 rotatably supported at their lower ends via support plates 89, 89 are pressed against the side surface of the workpiece 28. As a result, the portion of the workpiece 28 close to the machined portion of the front milling cutter 26 is the roller 5
It can be effectively prevented from being vibrated by the cutting force of the front milling cutter 26 because it is sandwiched by 0 and 50.

Next, the elevating motor 80 is driven in a predetermined direction to elevate the spindle head 22 with respect to the oscillating body 69, whereby the end surface 28a of the workpiece 28 is machined along its longitudinal direction. It In addition, the opposing rollers 50, 5
0 rotates while the work piece 28 is clamped as the spindle head 22 moves.

Since the hydraulic cylinder 64 urges the roller 50 arranged on the corresponding roller support arm 88 to press the work piece 28 with a required pressure, the work piece 28 is not distorted or bent. Even if there is, the rollers 50, 50 move following the distortion or bending, and always clamp the workpiece 28 at a required pressure. Therefore, the end surface 28 of the workpiece 28
With a, a smooth cutting surface can be obtained over its entire length.

In the milling machine 10 of the second embodiment,
Since the spindle head 22 is configured to be swingable in the vertical direction, even if the open end surface 28a of the work piece 28 is inclined as shown in FIGS. End face 28
It is possible to process the end face of a.

That is, the workpiece 28 is positioned so that the inclined open end surface 28a thereof faces the front surface of the front milling cutter 26. Next, the swinging motor 75 disposed on the base 66 is driven in a desired direction to swing the swinging body 69 with respect to the base 66, and the front surface of the spindle head 22 disposed on the swinging body 69 is processed. 28 inclined end surface 28a
Parallel to.

In this state, the front milling cutter 26, which moves the base 66 forward and rotates, is pressed against the end face 28a, and the workpiece 28 is held by the rollers 50, 50 of the pair of roller supporting arms 88, 88. Let Then
The spindle head 22 is moved up and down with respect to the swinging body 69, and the base 66 is moved back and forth with respect to the workpiece 28, thereby processing the inclined open end surface 28a of the workpiece 28 along its longitudinal direction. can do.

(Regarding machining with a drill arranged on the second spindle) Next, an actual case of drilling the workpiece 28 with the drill 83 of the second spindle 82 arranged on the spindle head 22 will be described. explain. First, the workpiece 28
The upper surface of the base 66 is positioned and fixed on the table (not shown) with the lower surface of the base 66 below the lower surface. At this time, the base body 66 stands by at a position separated from the work piece 28, and the spindle head 22 is moved by the swing body 6.
It is assumed to face the uppermost position with respect to 9. Also,
Electromagnet 98 arranged at the lower end of the slide rod 96
Stands by with the piston rod of the cylinder 94 retracted into the barrel.

When drilling the workpiece 28,
First, the base body 66 is moved forward toward the workpiece 28, and the second spindle 82 disposed on the spindle head 22 is positioned above the drilled portion of the workpiece 28. Next, as shown in FIG. 19A, the pair of cylinders 94,
94 is synchronously urged in the direction in which the piston rod extends from the barrel, and the slide rods 96, 96 are lowered so that the electromagnets 98, 98 are magnetically attracted to the workpiece 28. Further, the cylinder 94 is stopped and controlled at a position where the electromagnet 98 is magnetically attracted to the workpiece 28, and the electromagnet 98 is positioned at a fixed position so as not to move. As a result, the processed surface of the work piece 28 is stably held.

Next, the second motor 93 rotates the drill 83 attached to the tip of the second main shaft 82, and
By driving the elevating motor 80 to lower the spindle head 22 with respect to the oscillating body 69, as shown in FIG. 19B, a hole having a required diameter can be formed on the upper surface of the workpiece 28. .. At this time, since the portion close to the drilled portion is firmly held by the electromagnets 98, 98, it is possible to reliably prevent the machining surface from vibrating or bending as the drill 83 advances. Accurate and reliable drilling can be achieved.

Further, when the holed portion of the workpiece 28 is inclined, the oscillating body 69 is oscillated with respect to the base body 66 so that the inclined surface and the bottom surface of the spindle head 22 are parallel to each other. Only then, the inclined surface can be subjected to accurate and reliable drilling.

[0054]

As described above, according to the workpiece holding device for a machine tool of the present invention, a portion which is close to a processed portion of a workpiece which a tool contacts during machining is formed by a pair of rollers. It is configured to be sandwiched. Therefore, even if a cutting resistance is applied to the workpiece through the tool, the machining surface can be effectively prevented from vibrating. That is, even if the workpiece is made of a thin plate, it is possible to reliably perform processing and obtain a smooth cutting surface. Further, since the structure is simple, there is an advantage that the manufacturing cost can be kept low.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a milling machine according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partially longitudinal front view of the milling machine according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of the milling machine shown in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a partially longitudinal side view of the milling machine shown in FIG.

FIG. 5 is a schematic explanatory view of a main part showing a moving mechanism of a roller support.

FIG. 6 is a partially cutaway side view showing the operation of the milling machine according to the first embodiment over time.

FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view showing a main part of a milling machine according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a schematic side view showing the overall configuration of a milling machine according to a second embodiment.

9 is a front view of the milling machine shown in FIG.

10 is a plan view showing a cross section of a main part of the milling machine shown in FIG. 7. FIG.

FIG. 11 is a schematic perspective view of an essential part showing a moving mechanism of a roller support arm.

FIG. 12 is a front view of relevant parts showing the relationship between the front milling cutter and the roller support arm.

FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional plan view of essential parts showing a moving mechanism of a roller support arm.

FIG. 14 is a vertical cross-sectional side view of essential parts showing a moving mechanism of a roller support arm.

FIG. 15 is a side view showing a part of a milling machine according to a second embodiment in a vertical section.

FIG. 16 is a front view showing a part of the oscillator vertically.

FIG. 17 is a partially cutaway side view showing an operation with time when the end face of the workpiece is machined by the front milling machine provided in the milling machine according to the second embodiment.

FIG. 18 is a side view showing an operation with time when a slanting end surface of a workpiece is machined by a front milling machine provided in a milling machine according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 19 is a side view, partly cut away, showing the operation over time when performing drilling on the workpiece by the drill provided in the milling machine according to the second example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 22 ... ・ Spindle head 24 ・ ・ ・ ・ Spindle 26 ・ ・ ・ ・ Face milling 28 ・ ・ ・ ・ Workpiece 28a ・ ・ ・ ・ End face 46 ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ Roller support 50 ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ Roller 56 ・・ ・ ・ Pinion 58 ・ ・ ・ Rack 60 ・ ・ ・ Moving rod 64 ・ ・ ・ ・ Hydraulic cylinder 84 ・ ・ ・ ・ Support shaft 88 ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ Roller support arm 92 ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ Rotating arm

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[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] July 30, 1992

[Procedure Amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Name of item to be corrected] Brief explanation of the drawing

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a milling machine according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partially longitudinal front view of the milling machine according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of the milling machine shown in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a partially longitudinal side view of the milling machine shown in FIG.

FIG. 5 is a schematic explanatory view of a main part showing a moving mechanism of a roller support.

FIG. 6 is a partially cutaway side view showing a state before processing of a workpiece by the milling machine according to the first example.

FIG. 7 is a partially cutaway side view showing a state where the moving frame of the milling machine according to the first embodiment is moved close to the workpiece.

FIG. 8 is a partially cutaway side view showing a state where the lifting frame of the milling machine according to the first embodiment is moved upward along the guide surface.

FIG. 9 is a schematic perspective view showing a main part of a milling machine according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a schematic side view showing the overall configuration of a milling machine according to a second embodiment.

11 is a front view of the milling machine shown in FIG.

FIG. 12 is a plan view showing a cross section of a main part of the milling machine shown in FIG. 9.

FIG. 13 is a schematic perspective view of an essential part showing a moving mechanism of a roller support arm.

FIG. 14 is a front view of relevant parts showing the relationship between the front milling cutter and the roller support arm.

FIG. 15 is a main-part cross-sectional plan view showing a moving mechanism of a roller support arm.

FIG. 16 is a vertical cross-sectional side view of essential parts showing a moving mechanism of a roller support arm.

FIG. 17 is a side view showing a part of the milling machine according to the second embodiment in a vertical section.

FIG. 18 is a front view showing a part of the oscillator vertically.

FIG. 19 is a partially cutaway side view showing a state before the end face of the workpiece is machined by the front milling machine of the milling machine according to the second example.

FIG. 20 is a partially cutaway side view showing a state where the end face of the workpiece is being processed by the front milling machine of the milling machine according to the second example.

FIG. 21 is a side view showing a state where the inclined end surface of the workpiece is processed by the front milling machine of the milling machine according to the second example.

FIG. 22 is a side view showing a state where the inclined end surface of the workpiece is machined by the front milling machine of the milling machine according to the second example.

FIG. 23 is a partially cutaway side view showing a state before drilling a workpiece by a drill of the milling machine according to the second example.

FIG. 24 is a partially cutaway side view showing a state in which a workpiece is being drilled by the drill of the milling machine according to the second embodiment.

[Explanation of Codes] 22 spindle head, 24 spindle, 26 face milling, 28 workpiece 28a end face, 46 roller support, 50 roller, 56 pinion 58 rack, 60 moving rod, 64 hydraulic cylinder, 84 support shaft 88 roller support Arm, 92 rotating arm

[Procedure Amendment 2]

[Document name to be corrected] Drawing

[Correction target item name] All drawings

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

[Figure 1]

FIG. 23

[Fig. 2]

[Figure 3]

[Figure 5]

FIG. 24

[Figure 4]

[Figure 6]

[Figure 7]

FIG. 21

FIG. 22

[Figure 8]

[Figure 9]

[Figure 10]

FIG. 11

[Fig. 12]

[Fig. 13]

FIG. 14

FIG. 15

FIG. 16

FIG. 19

FIG. 17

FIG. 18

FIG. 20

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A tool (26) provided with a spindle (24) rotatably on a spindle head (22) and detachably provided at one end of this spindle (24).
Thus, in a machine tool configured to perform required processing on the end surface (28a) of the work piece (28), the work piece (28) is fixed at a fixed position independent of the spindle head (22).
And a pair of roller supports (46, 46) rotatably pivotally supporting the rollers (50) at the ends facing each other so as to sandwich the roller support (46, 46). A moving mechanism (56, 58, 6) for moving the workpiece (28) close to and away from the workpiece (28) so that the workpiece (28) can be clamped and pressed by the rollers (50, 50).
0, 64) and a workpiece holding device for a machine tool. 2. A tool (26) which is rotatably provided with a spindle head (22) and which is detachably provided at one end of this spindle (24).
Thus, in a machine tool in which the end surface (28a) of the workpiece (28) is subjected to required machining, the spindle head (22) is attached to the workpiece (2) by the tool (26).
It is provided so as to sandwich the vicinity of the processed part of 8),
A pair of roller support arms (88, 88) rotatably supporting the rollers (50) at their opposing ends, and these roller support arms (88, 88) with respect to the workpiece (28). And a moving mechanism (64, which allows the workpiece (28) to be nipped and pressed by the rollers (50, 50).
84, 92) and a workpiece holding device for a machine tool.