JP4326424B2 - Centering machine - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a centering machine for processing a smooth end surface of a rod-shaped workpiece and forming a center hole in an axial center portion of the end surface.

There existed patent document 1 and patent document 2 as a prior art. That is, an end face bite is provided on the outer peripheral part of the end of the main shaft provided on the headstock, and a center drill is provided on the end axial center of the main shaft (12), and the end face bite and the center drill are individually moved in the axial direction. A workpiece moving device is provided, and a clamping device for positioning and clamping a rod-shaped workpiece parallel to the spindle is provided outside the spindle stock in the axial direction, and the workpiece is moved in a direction orthogonal to the spindle. A moving device is provided.

Then, the center drill is retracted from the end face bite, and the end face bite is moved to the machining position in the axial direction. In this state, the work is moved in a direction orthogonal to the main axis by the work moving device, and the end face bite Process the end face. Moreover, a workpiece | work is arrange | positioned in the coaxial position with a main axis | shaft with the said workpiece | work moving apparatus, and a center hole is opened in the end surface axial center part of this workpiece | work by projecting the said center drill in this state (patent document 1). Alternatively, the headstock is retracted with the center drill projecting from the end face bite, and in this state, the work is placed at a position coaxial with the main spindle by the work moving device. Next, the headstock is advanced, and the end face machining and center hole machining of the workpiece are simultaneously performed by an end face bite and a center drill (Patent Document 2).

The workpiece moving devices described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 are for moving a clamping device for clamping a workpiece to a predetermined machining position when the workpiece is subjected to end face machining, center hole machining, or outer diameter machining. It was. For this reason, when a workpiece is attached to or removed from the clamping device, it has been necessary for the operator to perform it manually or, in the case of a large item, to use a crane. This is difficult to automate, is accompanied by danger in attaching and detaching the workpiece to / from the clamping device, and takes time for the setup work and lowers the machining efficiency.
Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 55-120410 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-117501

The present invention obtains a new centering machine suitable for automation by receiving a workpiece on a workpiece support table or returning a workpiece that has been processed to the workpiece support table by a clamp device that holds the workpiece during machining. With the goal.

The present invention is configured as follows to achieve the above object. That is, the invention according to claim 1
A spindle is rotatably provided on a spindle head supported by a frame, a milling cutter is provided at an axially outer end of the spindle, a center drill is provided at an axial center of the milling cutter, and the milling cutter is provided via the spindle. An openable / closable clamping device that includes a motor that rotates a cutter and a center drill, and a head moving device that moves the spindle head in the axial direction, and positions and clamps a workpiece in parallel to the spindle outside the axial direction of the spindle A workpiece support base for positioning and supporting a workpiece in parallel with the main shaft at a portion that is axially outward of the main shaft and spaced apart in a direction perpendicular to the main shaft; and the clamp moving apparatus that moves linearly I was over a period of the main shaft portion and said workpiece support portion provided, the workpiece support is subjected to work socket Together with a, at the support position of the workpiece by receiving only piece which was an extension of the axis of movement of the clamping device.
In the invention according to claim 2, as the clamping device, a push arm reciprocated in a direction orthogonal to the axis of the main shaft by a cylinder, and an axis parallel to the main shaft arranged opposite to both sides of the push arm are provided. A pair of oscillating arms that can oscillate as a center, and a push arm and each oscillating arm are connected, and each oscillating arm is oscillated in the approaching direction and the separating direction by the forward and backward movement of the push arm. An arm interlocking mechanism is provided.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, when a workpiece is placed on the workpiece support, the clamp device moves to the workpiece position and clamps the workpiece, and then moves the workpiece to the machining portion position of the centering machine. The end face of the workpiece moved to the position is machined by a milling cutter, and the center hole of the workpiece is machined by a center drill. In addition, the processed product that has been processed is transported toward the workpiece position by the clamp device being moved to the workpiece support table. In this case, when processing the end face of the workpiece, the workpiece can be processed while moving the workpiece in a direction orthogonal to the axis of the main shaft by the clamping device. Therefore, a large-diameter workpiece can be processed by a small-diameter milling cutter. The end face can be easily processed.
This simplifies the structure and allows workpieces to be automatically attached to and detached from the clamping device, facilitating automation of workpiece end face machining and center hole machining, and allows the operator to attach and remove workpieces to the machining section. This is a safe place to do this.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, as the clamping device, the push arm is reciprocated by a cylinder in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the main shaft, and the pair of swinging arms is moved by the arm interlocking mechanism with the reciprocation of the push arm. Since it is made to swing in the contact / separation direction, it can be held with its axial center position kept constant regardless of the diameter of the workpiece.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a right side view thereof. In FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, reference numeral 1 denotes a frame (bed), and a support base 2 having a triangular shape in a side view that gradually increases rearward is fixed to the rear portion of the frame 1. An X-axis rail 4 extending in the left-right direction in FIG. 1 is provided on the left and right sides of the support base 2, and the X-axis moving base 3 is slidably mounted on each X-axis rail 4 and moved in the X-axis direction. The table 3 is moved in the left-right direction along the X-axis rail 4 by the head moving device 5.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the head moving device 5 extends a ball screw 6 that is rotatably supported by the support base 2 in parallel with the X-axis rail 4 and is screwed to the X-axis movement base 3. The ball screw 6 is connected to an X-axis servo motor 8 supported on the side of the support base 2 via a timing belt 7, and the X-axis servo motor 8 is rotated forward and reverse so 3 is moved in the left-right direction. A spindle head 10 is attached to the front side of each X-axis moving table 3 so as to oppose left and right, and a spindle motor 20 is attached to the rear side of each X-axis moving table 3. The main shaft 12 (FIG. 3) is belt driven.

The spindle head 10 is as shown in FIG. In FIG. 3, reference numeral 11 denotes a cylindrical head case fixed to the X-axis moving table 3, and a main shaft 12 is passed through the axial center portion of the head case 11 in the axial direction and is rotatably supported by a bearing 13. A mounting plate 14 is detachably fixed to the right end portion of the main shaft 12 with a bolt 15, and a milling cutter 16 is detachably fixed to the mounting plate 14 with a bolt 17. A pulley 18 is attached to the left end portion of the main shaft 12, and a belt 19 (FIG. 1) is wound around the pulley 18 and connected to the rotation shaft of the main shaft motor 20 described above.

A coaxial hole is formed through the shaft of the main shaft 12, the mounting plate 14 and the milling cutter 16, and a rod 25 is inserted through the hole. The rod 25 has a right portion divided into right and left, and the divided right rod 25a is movable relative to the main shaft 12 in the axial direction by engagement between a key and a long hole, or by spline fitting, and relatively rotated. It is impossible to fit and is biased to the left by a spring 26 comprising a coil spring. A collet chuck 27 is attached to the right end axial center of the rod 25a, and the center drill 28 is detachably supported by the collet chuck 27. Reference numeral 29 denotes a slide bearing.

A drill advancing / retreating device 35 is provided for moving the rod 25 in the left and right (axis) direction so that the center drill 28 protrudes and retracts left and right from the axial center of the milling cutter 16. That is, the cylinder case 36 is attached to the left surface of the pulley 18, the left portion of the rod 25 is passed through the cylinder case 36, and the piston 37 slidably fitted into the cylinder case 36 is connected to the rod 25. The forward hydraulic fluid passage 38 communicating with the left chamber of the cylinder case 36 and the backward hydraulic fluid passage communicating with the right chamber of the cylinder case 36 are connected to the left end of the rod 25 protruding leftward from the cylinder case 36. 39 is formed, and the hydraulic oil passages 38 and 39 are connected to a hydraulic pump or an air pump (both not shown) via a rotary joint 40 and a switching valve.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, a clamp support base 45 is slidably supported in the front-rear direction along the upper surface (slope) of the support base 2 at the center portion in the left-right direction of the support base 2 described above. A clamp device 55 that clamps the workpiece W is placed on the clamp support base 45, and a clamp moving device 46 that moves the clamp support base 45 in the front-rear direction is provided. As shown in FIG. 5, the clamp moving device 46 extends a ball screw 47 rotatably supported by the support base 2 in the front-rear direction along the upper surface (slope) of the support base 2, thereby forming a clamp support base 45. The ball screw 47 is connected to a Y-axis servo motor 49 supported on the rear portion of the support base 2 via a timing belt 48, and the Y-axis servo motor 49 is rotated forward and reverse to thereby support each clamp. The stage 45 is moved in the front-rear direction.

The clamp device 55 is configured as shown in FIG. In FIG. 6, reference numeral 56 denotes a clamp case fixed to the clamp support base 45. At the center of the clamp case 56 in the vertical direction, the push arm 57 is parallel to the longitudinal movement direction of the clamp support base 45 and the axis of the main shaft 12. A pair of swinging arms 58 and 59 are fitted to the upper and lower portions of the clamp case 56 with the push arm 57 sandwiched therebetween so as to be slidable forwardly perpendicular to the extension line of the core. And fulcrum pins 60 and 61 are supported in a swingable manner.

Further, the push arm 57 and the swing arms 58 and 59 are connected to each other, and the front portions of the swing arms 58 and 59 are swung in the approaching direction and the separating direction by the forward and backward movement of the push arm 57. An interlocking mechanism 65 is provided. That is, arms 57a and 57b protruding in the vertical direction are integrally provided at the rear portion of the push arm 57, and rollers 66 and 67 are rotatably attached to the tips of the arms 57a and 57b. On the other hand, arc-shaped guide grooves 68, 69 that are curved backwardly from each other in the rearward direction are formed on the rear portions of the swing arms 58, 59 protruding rearward from the fulcrum pins 60, 61. The rollers 66 and 67 are fitted to 69 so that they can roll.

A hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder 70 is attached to the rear surface of the clamp case 56, the front end of the rod 71 of the cylinder 70 is connected to the rear surface of the push arm 57, and the push arm 57 is moved forward and backward by the cylinder 70. As a result, the front portions of the swing arms 58 and 59 are swung in the approaching direction and the separating direction via the arm interlocking mechanism 65.

Clamping claws 62, 63, and 64 that clamp the workpiece W are attached to the front end portion of the push arm 57 and the front end portions of the swinging arms 58 and 59. When the clamping claws 62, 63, and 64 approach each other, As shown by the solid line in FIG. 6, the outer peripheral surface of the rod-shaped workpiece W is sandwiched at equal intervals, that is, the three portions of the rear surface, the front upper surface, and the front lower surface are sandwiched.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, a work support base 75 is installed at the front portion of the frame 1 positioned in front of the clamp device 55 described above. The work support base 75 has a pair of brackets 76, 76 separated from each other left and right, and V-shaped receiving pieces 77, 77 standing up and fixed to the tips (rear parts) of the brackets 76, 76. The left and right ends of the rod-shaped workpiece W are supported. In addition, the support position of the workpiece | work W by each receiving piece 77 and 77 shall be on the extension line L of the longitudinal movement axis line of the clamp apparatus 55, as shown in FIG. Further, the left and right intervals between the brackets 76 and 76, and thus the receiving pieces 77 and 77, are wider than the left and right widths of the holding claws 62, 63, and 64, and the holding claws 62, 63, and 64 are received by the receiving piece 77. , 77 is held between the intermediate portions of the workpiece W.

Next, the operation mode of the above embodiment will be described. When the rod 71 of the cylinder 70 of the clamp device 55 is moved backward to move the push arm 57 backward, the rollers 66 and 67 provided on the arms 57a and 57b move backward in the guide grooves 68 and 69, and are indicated by phantom lines in FIG. As described above, the front portions of the swing arms 58 and 59 swing away from each other, and the holding claws 62, 63, and 64 are opened. In this state, the Y-axis servomotor 49 of the clamp moving device 46 is rotated forward, for example. Then, the ball screw 47 is rotated forward to advance the clamp support base 45, and the clamping claws 62, 63, 64 of the clamp device 55 are advanced to the work support base 75 portion.

Next, the rod 71 of the cylinder 70 of the clamp device 55 is advanced to advance the push arm 57. Then, the rollers 66 and 67 move forward in the guide grooves 68 and 69 via the arms 57a and 57b, the front portions of the swing arms 58 and 59 swing in the approaching direction, and the holding claws 62, 63 and 64 are closed, and the left and right intermediate portions of the workpiece W supported by the receiving pieces 77 and 77 of the workpiece support base 75 are clamped (state of solid line in FIG. 6). Next, the main shaft motor 20 is rotated at a lower speed than the above so that the rotation of the main shaft 12 is suitable for the cutting speed of the milling cutter 16, the X-axis servo motor 8 is rotated forward, and each head is connected via the ball screw 6. Each milling cutter 16 is advanced to the end face machining position via the support base 3 and each spindle head 10.

In this state, the Y-axis servo motor 49 of the clamp moving device 46 is reversely rotated, and the workpiece W is moved backward via the ball screw 47, the clamp support base 45, and the clamp device 55 (moved to the left in FIG. 5). Both end surfaces of the workpiece W are processed by the milling cutters 16. Next, the X-axis servo motor 8 is rotated in the reverse direction, and each head support 3 and each spindle head 10 are moved in the separation direction via the ball screw 6, and then the Y-axis servo motor 49 of the clamp moving device 46 is rotated forward. Then, the clamp support base 45 is moved forward via the ball screw 47, and the workpiece W clamped by the clamp device 55 is transferred onto the axis of each spindle head 10,10.

Next, the spindle motor 20 is rotated at a high speed so that the rotation of the spindle 12 becomes a speed suitable for the cutting speed of the center drill 28, and hydraulic oil is supplied to the hydraulic oil path 38 on the forward side of the drill advance / retreat apparatus 35, 37 is moved forward (moved to the right in FIG. 4), and the center drill 28 is protruded to the right from the milling cutter 16 through the right rod 25a as shown in FIG.

In this state, the X-axis servo motor 8 of each head moving device 5 is rotated forward, for example, and the ball screw 6 is rotated forward, so that each head support 3 and thus each spindle head 10 moves forward (in a direction approaching each other in FIG. 1). And a center hole is formed in the axial center of both end faces of the workpiece W by the center drill 28. Next, the X-axis servo motor 8 is rotated in the reverse direction, and each head support 3, and thus each spindle head 10, is retracted (moved away from each other in FIG. 1) via the ball screw 6. The hydraulic oil is supplied to the backward hydraulic oil passage 39 to move the piston 37 backward (move to the left in FIG. 3), and the right rod 25a and hence the center drill 28 are shown in FIG. As described above, it is retracted into the milling cutter 16.

Next, the Y-axis servo motor 49 of the clamp moving device 46 is rotated forward, the clamp support 45, and hence the clamp device 55, is moved forward (moved to the right in FIG. 5) via the ball screw 47, and the processed workpiece W is moved. The workpiece support 75 is moved to the receiving pieces 77 and 77. In this state, the rod 71 of the cylinder 70 of the clamp device 55 is moved backward to move the push arm 57 backward. Then, the rollers 66 and 67 move backward in the guide grooves 68 and 69 via the arms 57a and 57b (move to the left in FIG. 6), and the front portions of the swing arms 58 and 59 move away from each other. The holding claws 62, 63, 64 are opened as indicated by phantom lines in FIG. 6, and the processed workpiece W is placed on the receiving pieces 77, 77 of the workpiece support 75. Each operation described above is input in advance to a control device of a control panel (not shown) and is performed by a control signal from this control device.

It is a top view of the centering machine by this invention. It is a right view of FIG. It is sectional drawing of the state which the center drill by this invention evacuated. It is sectional drawing of the state which the center drill by this invention protruded. FIG. 5 is a side view corresponding to V-V in FIG. 1. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a clamping device according to the present invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Frame 2 Support stand 3 Head support stand 4 X-axis rail 5 Head moving device 6 Ball screw 7 Timing belt 8 X-axis servo motor 10 Spindle head 11 Head case 12 Spindle 13 Bearing 14 Mounting board 15 Bolt 16 Milling cutter 17 Bolt 18 Pulley 19 Belt 20 Main shaft motor 25 Rod 25a Right rod 26 Spring 27 Collet chuck 28 Center drill 29 Slide bearing 35 Drill advance / retreat device 36 Cylinder case 37 Piston 38, 38 Hydraulic oil passage 40 Rotary joint 45 Clamp support base 46 Clamp movement device 47 Ball screw 48 Timing belt 49 Y-axis servo motor 55 Clamp device 56 Clamp case 57 Push arm 57a, 57b Arm 58, 59 Oscillating arm 60, 61 Supporting pin 62, 63, 64 Pawl 65 arm linkage mechanism 66, 67 roller 68, 69 guide groove 70 the cylinder 71 rod 75 workpiece support 76 bracket 77 receives frames

Claims (2)

A spindle (12) is rotatably provided on a spindle head (10) supported by the frame (1), and a milling cutter (16) is provided at an axially outer end of the spindle (12), and the milling cutter (16 ) Is provided with a center drill (28), a motor (20) for rotating the milling cutter (16) and the center drill (28) via the main shaft (12), and the main shaft head (10). A head moving device (5) for moving in the axial direction is provided, and an openable and closable clamping device (55) that positions and clamps the workpiece (W) parallel to the main shaft (12) outside the main shaft (12) in the axial direction. The workpiece (W) is positioned parallel to the main shaft (12) and supported at a portion that is axially outward of the main shaft (12) and spaced apart in the direction orthogonal to the main shaft. Support stand 75) is provided, provided the clamping device (55) the spindle (12) portion and said workpiece support (75) clamping the mobile device that moves linearly I Wataru was in the region (46), said workpiece support ( 75) has a receiving piece (77) for receiving the workpiece (W), and the position at which the workpiece (W) is supported by the receiving piece (77) on the extension line (L) of the moving axis of the clamping device (55). centering machine, characterized in that the the.   The clamp device (55) includes a push arm (57) reciprocated in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the main shaft (12) by a cylinder (70), and a main shaft disposed opposite to both sides of the push arm (57). A pair of swing arms (58, 59) that can swing around an axis parallel to (12), and a push arm (57) and each swing arm (58, 59) are connected to each other and the push arm 2. An arm interlocking mechanism (65) that swings each swing arm (58, 59) in an approaching direction and a separating direction by forward and backward movements of (57). Centering machine.

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