JP5994057B2 - Gear processing equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a gear machining apparatus for machining gears.

  There are various gear processing apparatuses. For example, as shown in Patent Document 1, a chamfering process of a gear tooth edge and a deburring process for removing a burr generated by the chamfering process are simultaneously performed. There is a device. This apparatus includes a chamfering processing tool and a deburring processing tool, and these processing tools are configured to be close to and away from a gear that is rotatably supported. The chamfering processing tool has a pair of gear-shaped tools so as to mesh with both end edges of the gear teeth, and presses these tools against both end edges of the gear to be processed so as to perform chamfering. It has become. On the other hand, the deburring processing tool has a pair of disk-shaped cutters that come into contact with both surfaces of the gear, and removes burrs generated at the edge of the gear by chamfering. In this apparatus, the chamfering processing tool and the deburring processing tool are connected to each other, and the chamfering processing and the deburring processing are performed at the same time by being close to the gear to be processed. ing.

Utility Model Registration No. 3056882

  By the way, in the gear machining apparatus described above, since the chamfering tool and the deburring tool are integrally connected, both the chamfering process and the deburring process of the gear are brought close to the gear with the same stroke. Thus, processing is performed. Therefore, it has been impossible to individually adjust the chamfering cut amount and the deburring removal amount. The present invention has been made to solve this problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a gear machining apparatus capable of individually adjusting a chamfering cut amount and a deburring removal amount.

  The present invention is a gear machining apparatus for machining a gear, a spindle unit that rotatably supports the gear, a chamfering tool unit that chamfers the gear supported by the spindle unit, and the chamfering tool unit. And a removal tool unit that removes burrs and surplus parts of the side surface of the gear supported by the spindle unit, and the chamfering tool unit is attached to at least one of the side edges of the gear. At least one first processing tool having at least one chamfering member that is meshed and rotatably supported, supports the first processing tool, and the first processing tool is supported on the gear supported by the spindle unit. A first drive mechanism that moves close to and away from, and the removal tool unit removes burrs and surplus on at least one side surface of the gear. A second processing tool having one cutter, and a second drive mechanism that supports the second processing tool and moves the second processing tool close to and away from the gear supported by the spindle unit. Yes.

  According to this configuration, the chamfering tool unit for chamfering the gear and the removal tool unit for removing the burr on the side surface of the gear and removing the surplus can be driven independently. The removal amount of the machining can be adjusted individually. In chamfering, the amount of burrs generated according to the amount of cut also changes, so the chamfering tool unit and the removal tool unit can be driven independently to accurately remove burrs generated by chamfering. be able to.

  The first drive mechanism can be configured as follows. That is, a first support part that can approach and separate from the gear supported by the spindle unit, and a first drive part that causes the first support part to approach and separate from the gear supported by the spindle unit; A plurality of first processing tools that are rotatably supported by the first support portion, and a plurality of the first processing tools arranged in an annular shape. Two or more of them can be configured to have different types of the chamfering members.

  If it does in this way, since the 1st processing tool which has a different kind of chamfering member is provided, and this is annularly arranged in the processing tool support part, the desired 1st processing tool was supported by the spindle unit. The chamfering of the gear can be performed by rotating the processing tool support portion so as to face the gear and bringing the processing tool support portion close to the gear in this state. Therefore, for example, when the type of the gear to be processed is changed, the first processing tool suitable for the gear can be easily replaced. In addition, it is not necessary for all of the plurality of first processing tools to have different chamfer members, and it is sufficient that two or more chamfer members have different types. That is, there may be a plurality of first processing tools having the same type of chamfering member.

  In the gear processing apparatus, the second processing tool may have a pair of cutters, and the pair of cutters may be configured to be close to and away from each other. In this way, since the distance between the cutters can be changed, for example, even when the object to be processed is replaced with a gear having a different thickness, it is possible to accurately remove burrs and surplus material.

  In the gear machining apparatus, the second drive mechanism can be configured as follows. That is, the second processing tool can be constituted by a second support part that supports the second processing tool in a swingable manner and a second drive part that swings the second support part.

  In the gear processing apparatus, a first support portion that is linearly close to and away from the gear supported by the main shaft unit and supports the first processing tool, and the first drive mechanism; A first drive unit having a first movable member that linearly advances and retreats in order to move the support unit close to and away from the support unit, and a second support mechanism that swingably supports the second processing tool. A support portion and a second drive portion having a second movable member that linearly advances and retreats to swing the second support portion can be provided. Then, the chamfering tool unit and the removal tool unit can be arranged adjacent to each other so that the advance / retreat direction of the first movable member and the advance / retreat direction of the second movable member are parallel to each other.

  By comprising in this way, a chamfering tool unit and a removal tool unit can be arrange | positioned compactly. That is, since the chamfering tool unit must press the first processing tool against the gear, the first processing tool is configured to linearly approach and separate from each other. If both the processing tools are configured to linearly approach and separate from the gear to be processed, the diameter of the gear is small, so that both tool units cannot be disposed adjacent to each other. Therefore, as described above, in the removal tool unit, when the second processing tool is configured to swing, in the initial state, the second processing tool is separated from the advancing and retreating direction of the second movable member that swings the second processing tool. However, the second processing tool can be brought close to the gear by swinging. Therefore, the chamfering tool unit and the removal tool unit are arranged adjacent to each other so that the advancing / retreating direction of the first movable member of the first drive unit and the advancing / retreating direction of the second movable member of the second drive unit are parallel to each other. However, both the first and second processing tools can be brought close to the gear, and the width in which both units are arranged can be reduced.

  According to the gear machining apparatus according to the present invention, it is possible to individually adjust the chamfering cut amount and the deburring removal amount.

It is a front view which shows schematic structure of the processing apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the main-axis unit of a processing apparatus. It is an enlarged front view of a spindle unit, a jig attached to the spindle unit, and a workpiece. It is an enlarged side view of a chamfering unit. It is the sectional view on the AA line of FIG. FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line B-B in FIG. 5. It is the enlarged view (a) of the support frame shown in FIG. 5, and its CC sectional view (b). It is an expanded sectional view of a chamfering processing tool. It is a figure explaining exchange of a chamfering processing tool. It is a top view explaining operation | movement of a chamfering processing tool unit. FIG. 6 is a view taken along line DD in FIG. 5. It is a partial side view of a removal tool unit, and shows the operation of the removal tool clamp. It is a top view explaining operation | movement of a removal processing tool unit. It is a top view which shows the process of a workpiece | work.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of a gear machining apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. This gear machining apparatus is for performing chamfering on both side edges of a gear, which is a workpiece, and removal processing for removing burrs and surplus parts generated by chamfering. In the following description, the upper side of FIG. 5 is referred to as “front” or “front side”, the lower side is referred to as “rear” or “back side”, the side closer to the workpiece is referred to as “tip side”, and the opposite side is referred to. Sometimes referred to as “rear end side”.

  FIG. 1 is a front view showing a schematic configuration of a gear machining apparatus according to the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, the gear machining apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment includes a base 11 having an internal space 111 and a lid portion 112 that closes an upper portion of the internal space 111. The base 11 is provided with a spindle unit 12 that supports a gear that is a workpiece W, and a tail pushing unit 13 that clamps the workpiece W between the spindle unit 12. Furthermore, a chamfering processing unit 14 for chamfering the workpiece W and a removal processing unit 18 for removing burrs and surplus are provided on the base 11. Hereinafter, each of these units will be described in detail.

  FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the spindle unit of the processing apparatus. As shown in FIG. 2, the spindle unit 12 includes a cylindrical base 121 fixed to the lid portion 112 of the base 11, and a cylindrical rotating sleeve 122 inserted into the base 121. Yes. The lower end of the base 121 is fixed to the lid 112 and extends upward from here. The rotating sleeve 122 is rotatably attached to the inside of the base 121 via a pair of bearings 123 that are arranged apart in the axial direction. Further, the upper and lower end portions of the rotating sleeve 122 protrude from the upper end and the lower end of the base 121, respectively. Among these, the lower end portion of the rotating sleeve 122 protrudes into the internal space 111 of the base 11, and the first pulley 124 is fixed to the protruding portion. A drive motor 125 having a rotation shaft extending in parallel with the rotation sleeve 122 is disposed in the internal space 111 of the base 11, and a second pulley 126 is attached to the rotation shaft of the drive motor 125. A transmission belt 127 is stretched around the first and second pulleys 124 and 126, and the drive sleeve 125 is driven to rotate the rotary sleeve 122 around the axis.

  A movable rod 128 that can move up and down in the axial direction is provided inside the rotary sleeve 122. Further, a chuck portion 120 for fixing the jig Z is provided at the upper end portion of the rotating sleeve 122. As will be described later, a jig Z disposed so as to cover the upper surface and side surfaces of the chuck portion 120 is attached to the chuck portion 120, and the chuck portion 120 has a diameter on the inner wall surface of the jig Z. The jig Z is fixed to the chuck portion 120 by pressing outward in the direction. Specifically, the movable rod 128 described above is configured such that the outer peripheral surface of the chuck portion 120 releases the restraint of the jig Z by pressing the inside of the chuck portion 120 from below. When lowered, the chuck portion 120 fixes the jig Z. A known collet chuck or the like can be used as the chuck unit 120.

  The lower end portion of the movable rod 128 protrudes downward from the lower end of the rotating sleeve 122, and a support plate 129 is attached to this protruding portion. A spring 1290 is disposed between the support plate 129 and the rotating sleeve 122 so as to wrap around the outer peripheral surface of the movable rod 128, and the support plate 129 is pushed downward by the spring 1290. In other words, the movable rod 128 is normally pushed downward by the spring 1290 so that no force can be applied to the chuck portion 120. The support plate 129 is provided with a plurality of support rods 1291 that protrude upward in the circumferential direction so as to surround the movable rod 128. Each support rod 1291 is inserted into a hole formed in the lower surface of the first pulley 124 and can move up and down. Therefore, when the first pulley 124 rotates, the support plate 129 connected via the support rod 1291 also rotates, and the movable rod 128 also rotates accordingly. That is, the movable rod 128 rotates around the axis together with the rotating sleeve 122.

  A push-up mechanism 15 for pushing the support plate 129 upward is provided below the support plate 129. The push-up mechanism 15 includes a plurality of push-up bars 151 disposed below the support plate 129, and these push-up bars 151 are supported by the substrate 152. A hydraulic cylinder 153 is disposed below the substrate 152, and the substrate 152 is pushed upward by the hydraulic cylinder 153. As a result, the push-up bar 151 pushes the support plate 129 upward, and the movable rod 128 acts on the chuck portion 120. That is, the fixed state of the chuck part 120 and the jig Z is released. On the other hand, when the push-up rod 151 is lowered, the movable rod 128 is also lowered, and the chuck portion 120 and the jig Z are fixed. When the push-up rod 151 is lowered, the movable rod 128 is urged downward by the spring 1290, so that the fixed state between the chuck portion 120 and the jig Z is maintained. A gap is formed between the upper end of the push-up bar 151 and the support plate 129 so that the push-up bar 151 does not contact the support plate 129 when the hydraulic cylinder 153 is not operating. Therefore, the support plate 129 does not interfere with the push-up bar 151 and can rotate with the movable rod 128.

  The spindle unit 12 is provided with an air supply mechanism for supplying air to the chuck portion 120. Specifically, it is as follows. First, the swivel joint 16 is rotatably connected to the lower surface of the support plate 129, and air can be supplied into the movable rod 128 via the swivel joint 16. A through hole 1281 extending in the axial direction is formed inside the movable rod 128, and a lower end portion of the through hole 1281 is connected to the swivel joint 16 described above. The through hole 1281 extends in the radial direction near the upper end of the movable rod 128 and opens inside the rotating sleeve 122. The air flow passage extends upward and opens on the upper surface of the chuck portion 120. Air is discharged from the air flow path formed in this way, whereby dust on the upper surface of the chuck portion 120 can be blown away. Therefore, the jig Z can be accurately attached. In addition, a flow path (not shown) different from the flow path 1221 is provided in the movable rod 128, and when the jig Z is attached to the check unit 120, the flow path (not shown) is blocked by the jig Z. Since the air is prevented from being discharged, the supply source (not shown) for supplying air to the rotary joint 16 can detect that the jig Z is mounted by detecting this.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the tail push unit 13 includes a support portion 131 that is disposed on the base 11 and extends upward, and a tail push portion 132 that can move up and down along the support portion 131. A motor 133 is attached to the upper end of the support portion 131, and a ball screw 134 that extends downward is connected to the rotating shaft of the motor 133. A nut 135 is screwed into the ball screw 134, and a tail pushing portion 132 is attached to the nut 135. Further, a guide rail 136 extending in the vertical direction is attached to the support portion 131 in parallel with the ball screw 134, and the tail pushing portion 132 moves up and down while being guided by the guide rail 136. . Further, a rod-shaped pressing member 1321 that presses the jig Z is attached to the lower end of the center pushing portion 132 as described later.

  FIG. 3 is an enlarged front view of the spindle unit, a jig attached to the spindle unit, and a workpiece. As shown in the figure, the workpiece jig Z of the present embodiment is for supporting the workpiece W, and is attached to the chuck portion 120 of the spindle unit 12 as described above. The work jig Z is mainly composed of three parts. That is, it includes a fixed portion Z1, a tapered portion Z2, and an insertion portion Z3 that are integrally formed from below to above. The fixed portion Z1 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, and an opening Z11 into which the chuck portion 120 is inserted is formed on the lower surface thereof. An annular groove Z12 extending in the circumferential direction is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the fixed portion Z1. A robot arm or the like that holds the jig is engaged with the annular groove Z12, whereby the jig is exchanged. And the taper part Z2 extended upwards is integrally connected with the upper end of the fixing | fixed part Z1, and the diameter of the workpiece jig | tool Z becomes small as it goes upwards. An insertion portion Z3 having a small diameter is provided at the upper end of the taper portion Z2, and the insertion portion Z3 is inserted into the center hole W1 of the workpiece W. The insertion portion Z3 is provided with a movable portion (not shown) that moves in the radial direction when pressed by the pressing member 1321 of the tail pushing unit 13 from above, and this movable portion passes through the center hole W1 of the workpiece W. By pressing from the inside, the workpiece W is fixed to the insertion portion Z3. As such insertion part Z3, a well-known collet chuck can be used, for example.

  Next, the chamfering unit 14 for chamfering a workpiece will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 is an enlarged side view of the chamfering unit, FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 4, FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. It is a) and the CC sectional view taken on the line (b). As shown in FIGS. 1, 4 to 7, and the chamfering unit 14, the chamfering unit 14 has a base plate 141 that can move in the horizontal direction along the first frame 138 provided on the support base 131 of the tail pushing unit 13. doing. The first frame 138 is provided with a pair of guide rails 1411 arranged in parallel in the vertical direction at a predetermined interval and extending in the horizontal direction, and the base plate 141 can move along the guide rails 1411. Yes. The first frame 138 is provided with a ball screw 1412 extending in the horizontal direction, and a nut 1413 that is screwed into the ball screw 1412 is fixed to the back surface (upper side in FIG. 4) of the base plate 141. A motor 1414 is attached to the end of the ball screw 1412, that is, the end opposite to the workpiece W (the right side in FIG. 4), and the ball screw 1412 rotates by driving the motor 1414. Then, the base plate 141 moves together with the nut 1413.

  On the front surface of the base plate 141 (lower side in FIG. 5), an annular support frame 142 is disposed obliquely in plan view. More specifically, as shown in FIG. 5, the end opposite to the workpiece W is disposed obliquely so as to be away from the base plate 141 (note that the base plate 141 and the support frame 142 are integrally formed. Can also do). A first bevel gear 1421 is rotatably provided in the support frame 142 so that the teeth face the base plate 141. The first bevel gear 1421 is rotatable around an axis V inclined from the perpendicular of the base plate 141 so as to correspond to the inclination of the support frame 142. Moreover, as shown in FIG. 7, although the recessed part 1422 is formed in the outer peripheral surface of the 1st bevel gear 1421 in six places, this is mentioned later. Further, a circular processing tool support portion 143 is fixed to the front surface of the first bevel gear 1421 and rotates together with the first bevel gear 1421. A plurality (six in this embodiment) of chamfering processing tools (first processing tools) 144 are attached to the outer peripheral surface of the processing tool support portion 143 at equal intervals, and the processing tool support portion 143 rotates. By doing so, one of the chamfering tools 144 is arranged to face the workpiece W and is configured to machine the workpiece W. Hereinafter, this position is referred to as a workpiece machining position.

  As shown in FIG. 5, in the chamfering tool unit 14, the rotation center of the workpiece W is not positioned on the line through which the rotation center of the chamfering member 1442 passes when the chamfering tool 144 advances and retreats. In other words, the chamfering member comes into contact with a position shifted from the center of the workpiece, that is, the front side of the workpiece W (the lower side in FIG. 5). Then, as will be described later, the cutter 1846 of the removal tool unit 18 comes into contact with the back side of the workpiece (upper side in FIG. 5) by swinging.

  Next, selection of the chamfering tool 144 will be described. The support frame 142 is attached to the base plate 141 at an angle, but as shown in FIG. 5, the first bevel gear 1421 and the gap formed between the base plate 141 and the support frame 142 by this attachment are provided. A meshing second bevel gear 1423 is provided. The rotation shaft 1424 of the second bevel gear 1423 is rotatably supported by the support frame 142 and is disposed so as to extend radially outward from the gap. A motor 1425 is connected to the end portion. Therefore, when the motor 1425 rotates, both the bevel gears 1421, 1423 rotate, and accordingly, the processing tool support portion 143 also rotates. Further, as shown in FIG. 7, a push pin 1426 is engaged with a recess 1422 formed on the outer peripheral surface of the first bevel gear 1421. More specifically, the push pin 1426 is supported by the support frame 142 so as to be able to advance and retreat, and is disposed so as to extend radially outward from the first bevel gear 1421. 1424 is shifted in the circumferential direction. That is, as shown in FIG. 6, while the rotating shaft 1424 of the second bevel gear 1423 extends horizontally, the push pin 1426 is arranged to extend obliquely upward. A hydraulic cylinder 1427 is disposed at the end of the push pin 1426, so that the push pin 1426 can be pushed into the recess 1422 of the first bevel gear 1421 so that the first bevel gear 1421 can be fixed at a predetermined rotational position. It has become. That is, when any one of the chamfering tools 144 is in the workpiece machining position, this state can be fixed by the push pin 1426.

  Next, the chamfering tool will be described with reference to FIGS. 8 and 9. FIG. 8 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the chamfering tool, and FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining replacement of the chamfering tool. As shown in FIG. 8, each chamfering tool 144 includes a cylindrical base material 1441 and a pair of chamfering members 1442 fixed to both ends in the axial direction of the base material 1441, and further the base material 1441. A rotating shaft 1443 is provided for rotatably supporting the. The rotating shaft 1443 extends in the axial direction so as to protrude from the chamfering member 1442. The double-sided removing member 1442 is formed in a gear shape so as to mesh with the workpiece W, and is arranged in parallel at intervals such that both side edges of the workpiece W can be pressed. Further, as shown in FIG. 9, rectangular fixing pieces 1444 are provided at both ends of the rotating shaft 1443 of each chamfering processing tool 144, and the fixing pieces 1444 are formed on the processing tool support portion 143. It fits into a rectangular recess 1431. When the chamfering tool 141 is at the workpiece machining position, the rotary shaft 1443 extends in the vertical direction, and the double-sided chamfering member 1442 is disposed horizontally.

  And the fixing member 145 of the processing tool 144 is attached to the processing tool support part 143 so that the fixing piece 1444 does not detach | leave from the recessed part 1431. FIG. The fixing member 145 includes an L-shaped fixing piece 1451 and a connecting piece 1451 that connects both the fixing pieces 1451. Each fixing piece 1451 is swingably attached to the outer periphery of the processing tool support portion 143, and is configured such that one end portion closes the concave portion 1431 and the other end portions are connected by a connecting piece 1452. Then, when the fixed piece 1441 of the rotating shaft 1443 of the processing tool 144 is fitted into the concave portion 1431 by the swinging of the fixed piece 1451, the first position (FIG. 9 (a)) and a second position (FIG. 9 (b)) where the concave portion 1431 is opened so that the fixing piece 1444 can be detached from the concave portion 1431. Normally, the fixed piece 1451 is biased by the spring 1453 so that the first position is taken. On the other hand, when the connecting piece 1452 is pressed and the fixed piece 1451 swings against the biasing force of the spring 1453, the second position can be taken.

  The connecting piece 1452 is pressed by the pressing cylinder 146. As shown in FIG. 5, the pressing cylinder 146 is attached to a rotating shaft 1432 of the processing tool support portion 143 and is fixed so as not to follow even if the processing tool support portion 143 rotates. And when the processing tool support part 143 rotates, it can press only with respect to the connection piece 1452 which fixes the processing tool 144 in a workpiece | work processing position. 9B, when the pressing cylinder 146 presses the connecting piece 1452 of the fixing member 145, the fixing piece 1451 is displaced to the second position so that the fixing piece 1444 can be detached from the recess 1431. Become. Thereby, the processing tool 144 can be detached from the processing tool support portion 143.

  The removable processing tool 144 can be transferred to a chamfering tool jig U attached to the spindle unit 12, and can be replaced with another chamfering tool. This point will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 10 is a plan view for explaining the operation of the chamfering tool unit. As shown in FIG. 8, the chamfering tool jig U is attached to the chuck part 120 of the spindle unit 12 described above, and has a fixing part U1 having the same configuration as the fixing part Z1 of the work jig Z. doing. A support portion U2 is provided at the upper end of the fixed portion U1, and a pair of gripping arms U3 that sandwich the rotating shaft 1443 of the chamfering tool 144 are attached to the support portion U2. These grip arms U3 are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction so as to sandwich the rotating shaft 1443 of the chamfering tool 144. As shown in FIG. 9, each clamping arm U <b> 3 has a pair of swingable arm pieces U <b> 31, and a spring U <b> 32 is provided at the end opposite to the one end side that clamps the rotating shaft 1443. The spring U32 biases the other end of the arm piece U31 so as to be separated. Further, in each arm piece U31, arc-shaped notches U311 are formed on surfaces facing each other so as to sandwich the rotating shaft 1443. Thereby, the one end side of the arm piece U31 is adjoined by the spring U3, and the rotating shaft 1443 can be clamped normally.

  When the chamfering tool 144 is handed over to the chamfering tool jig U, first, as shown in FIG. 10A, the chamfering tool jig U is disposed on the spindle unit 12, and the chamfering object to be replaced is placed. The processing tool 144 is disposed at a workpiece processing position. In this state, the base plate 141 is advanced, and the rotating shaft 1443 of the processing tool 144 is pushed between the arm pieces U31 of the gripping arm U3. When the rotary shaft 1443 is pushed in, one end portion of the arm piece U31 is pushed and spread against the spring U32, and the base plate 141 further advances, so that the rotary shaft 1443 fits into the notch U311. And as shown in FIG.10 (b), when the rotating shaft 1443 fits into the notch U311, the advance of the baseplate 141 will be stopped. Thus, the rotating shaft 1443 is fixed to the gripping arm U3. In this state, when the pressing cylinder 146 is driven and the connecting piece 1452 of the fixing member 145 is pressed, the rotating shaft 1443 can be detached from the processing tool support portion 143. When the base plate 141 is retracted from here, the chamfering processing tool 144 is detached from the processing tool support portion 143 while being fixed to the jig U as shown in FIG. Thereafter, the base plate 141 is retracted to the initial position, and then the driving of the pressing cylinder 146 is stopped. The chamfering tool jig U is attached to the spindle unit 12 manually or by a transfer device such as a robot arm. Therefore, after attaching the chamfering tool jig U to the spindle unit 12, the above-described chamfering tool is delivered. Then, the jig on which the delivered chamfering tool 144 is mounted is removed from the spindle unit 12, and the jig U on which a new chamfering tool 144 is mounted is attached to the spindle unit 12. Thereafter, the chamfering tool unit 14 receives a new chamfering tool 144 from the jig U by performing an operation opposite to the above-described operation.

  Next, the removal processing unit 18 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 11 is a view taken along line D-D in FIG.

  As shown in FIGS. 5 and 11, the support base 131 of the tailstock unit 13 is provided with a second frame 139 adjacent to the above-described first frame 138 (on the back side of the first frame). The second frame 139 is provided with a ball screw 181 extending in the horizontal direction. A motor 1811 is attached to the end of the ball screw 181 opposite to the workpiece W. Further, a nut 1812 is screwed to the ball screw 181, and two pressing rods 182 extending to the workpiece W side are attached to the nut 1812. Both pressing rods 182 are arranged in parallel in the vertical direction with a predetermined interval, and a first connecting rod 1821 that extends in the vertical direction and connects the pressing rods 182 is attached to the end portion on the workpiece W side. ing. A swing plate 1822 is swingably attached to both ends of the first connecting rod 1821, and a second connecting rod 1823 extending in the vertical direction is swingably attached to the tip of each swing plate 1822. It is attached. First and second support plates 1831 and 1832 are rotatably attached to both ends of the second connecting rod 1823, and a removal processing tool 184 is attached between the both support plates 1831 and 1832. A swinging shaft 185 extending in the vertical direction is fixed to each support plate 1831, 1832, and the upper and lower ends of the swinging shaft 185 are rotatable to the end of the second frame 139 on the workpiece W side. It is attached. As a result, the support plates 1831 and 1832 are swung around the swing shaft 185 as a swing center, so that the removal processing tool 184 comes close to the workpiece W from the back side.

  As shown in FIG. 11, the removal processing tool 184 includes a block-shaped first base portion 1841 and a second base portion 1842 arranged in the vertical direction. The first base portion 1841 is disposed on the lower side, the disk-shaped first cutter 1843 is disposed on the upper surface, and the first fixing member 1844 is disposed on the upper surface. The first cutter 1843 is arranged such that the rotation axis extends in the up-down direction. The first fixing member 1844 includes an engaging portion 18441 formed in a cylindrical shape and a protruding portion 18442 that protrudes upward from the upper surface of the engaging portion 18441. An annular groove is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the engaging portion 18441, and one of the gripping arms of the removal tool jig R described later is fixed to the annular groove. In the first base portion 1841, a second fixing member 1845 is disposed on the swing shaft 185 side. The second fixing member 1845 includes an engaging portion 18451 formed in a cylindrical shape and a protruding portion 18452 that protrudes upward from the upper surface of the engaging portion 18451, which has substantially the same configuration as the first fixing member 1844. ing.

  On the other hand, the second base portion 1842 is disposed so as to cover the first base portion 1841, and a disk-shaped second cutter 1846 is disposed at a position facing the first cutter 1843, and in the center of the second cutter 1846. An engagement hole into which the protrusion 142 of the first fixing member 1844 fits is formed. Further, in the second base portion 1842, an engagement hole into which the protruding portion 18452 is fitted is formed at a position facing the second fixing member 1845. The first base portion 1841 and the second base portion 1842 are respectively supported by first and second support blocks 1861 and 1862 described below, and can be moved close to and away from each other. As a result, the gap between the cutters 1843 and 1846 can be adjusted to correspond to the thickness of the workpiece W. In addition, since the first fixing member 1844 is provided between both the cutters 1843 and 1846, even if both the cutters 1843 and 1846 are closest, both the heights of the engaging portions 18441 of the first fixing member 1844 are the same. A gap is formed between the cutters 1843 and 1846. In this state, the engaging portions 18441 and 18451 of both the fixing members 1844 and 1845 are exposed to the outside.

  Next, support blocks 1861 and 1862 that support both bases 1841 and 1842 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 12 is a partial side view of the removal tool unit, showing the operation of the removal tool clamp. As shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the first support block 1861 is disposed below the first base portion 1841 and supports the first base portion 1841 so as to move up and down. The first support block 1861 penetrates the swing shaft 185 and the second connecting rod 1823, and moves up and down along these shafts. A first drive cylinder 1871 is attached to the lower surface of the second support plate 1831, and the first drive cylinder 1871 is connected to the lower side of the first support block 1861. Accordingly, the first drive block 1861 moves up and down together with the first base portion 1841 by the expansion and contraction of the first drive cylinder 1871. As shown in FIG. 12, the first support block 1861 and the first base portion 1841 are detachably fixed by a first hydraulic clamp 1881. That is, when the first hydraulic clamp 1881 is actuated by the hydraulic oil supplied from the clamp oil supply pipe 1883 connected to the first support block 1861, the first support block 1861 and the first base 1841 are fixed, and the first hydraulic pressure When the clamp 1881 is released, the first base portion 1841 can be detached from the first support block 1861. Actually, to detach the first base 1841 from the first support block 1861, the first drive cylinder 1871 is driven and the first support block 1861 is lowered.

  The second support block 1862 has the same configuration as the first support block 1861, and the swing shaft 185 and the second connecting rod 1823 pass therethrough and move up and down along these. The second support block 1862 moves up and down by a second drive cylinder 1872 disposed on the upper surface of the second support plate 1832. Further, a second hydraulic clamp 1882 is built in, whereby the second support block 1862 and the second base 1842 are detachably fixed. With the configuration described above, the removal tool 184 can be removed from the removal tool unit 18 and can be replaced.

  The removal processing tool 184 that can be removed can be transferred to a jig R for a removal processing tool that is attached to the spindle unit 12, and can be replaced with another processing tool. This point will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 13 is a plan view for explaining the operation of the removal tool unit. As shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, the removal tool jig R is attached to the chuck unit 120 of the spindle unit 12 described above, and is a fixed part having the same configuration as the fixed part Z1 of the workpiece jig Z. R1. A support portion R2 is provided at the upper end of the fixed portion R1, and a pair of gripping arms R3 that sandwich the base material of the chamfering tool are attached to the support portion R2. These gripping arms R3 sandwich the annular grooves of the engaging portions 18441 and 18451 of the removal processing tool 184, and are arranged at a predetermined interval in the horizontal direction. Since the configuration of each clamping arm R3 is substantially the same as the gripping arm U3 of the chamfering jig U, description thereof is omitted.

  When the removal processing tool 184 is delivered to the removal processing tool jig R, first, the removal processing tool jig R is disposed on the spindle unit 12 as shown in FIG. In this state, the ball screw 181 is rotated by the motor 1811, the nut 1812, the both pressing rods 182, the first and second connecting rods 1821 and 1822 are advanced, and the support plates 1831 and 1832 are swung around the swing shaft 185. Move. As a result, as shown in FIG. 13B, the engaging portions 18441 and 18451 of the removal processing tool 184 are engaged with both gripping arms R3 of the removal processing tool R. At this time, the two engaging portions 18441 and 18451 of the first base portion 1841 are fixed to the both gripping arms R3. However, the second base portion 1842 is supported on the first base portion 1841 by the projecting portions 18442 and 18452. Thus, the second base 1842 is also supported by the removal tool jig U. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 12B, both hydraulic clamps 1881 and 1882 are released, and both drive cylinders 1871 and 1872 are driven to separate the support blocks 1861 and 1862 from the bases 1841 and 1842, respectively. As a result, the removal processing tool 184 is detached from the removal processing unit 18. In this state, if the motor 1811 is rotated in the reverse direction, the support plates 1831 and 1832 swing and return to the initial state. The removal tool J is attached to the spindle unit 12 manually or by a transfer device such as a robot arm, and the replacement of the jig R is the same as the chamfering tool 144 described above.

  Next, the operation of the gear machining apparatus configured as described above will be described with reference to FIG. First, air is injected from the rotary joint 16 into the movable rod 128 in a state where the jig Z is not attached to the spindle unit 12 of the processing apparatus 1. This air is injected from the upper surface of the chuck unit 120 at the tip of the spindle unit 12 through the flow path of the movable rod 128 and the rotating sleeve 122, and blows away dust on the upper surface of the chuck unit 120 and confirms the seating of the jig Z. Await. The jig Z and the workpiece W are attached in such a state that the air injection is continued.

  Next, the jig Z is mounted on the chuck portion 120 of the spindle unit 12 manually or by a robot arm. That is, the hydraulic cylinder 153 is driven to raise the movable rod 128 so that the jig Z can be attached to the chuck portion 120. Subsequently, the hydraulic air cylinder 153 is driven, and the movable rod 128 is lowered. Thereby, the chuck portion 120 presses the jig Z outward in the radial direction, and the jig Z is fixed to the chuck portion 120. And the seating of the jig | tool Z on the upper surface of the chuck | zipper part 120 is confirmed. Following this, a workpiece is attached to the jig. That is, the insertion portion Z3 of the jig Z is inserted into the center hole of the workpiece W manually or by a robot arm or the like. Subsequently, if the center push part 132 of the tail push unit 13 is lowered and the insertion part Z3 of the jig Z is pressed by the pressing member 1321, the insertion part Z3 presses the center hole of the workpiece W radially outwardly, The workpiece W is fixed to the jig Z.

  After the above preparatory work or in parallel with this work, the chamfering tool 144 is selected. That is, the chamfering tool 144 corresponding to the workpiece W fixed to the spindle unit 12 is selected, the motor 1425 of the chamfering tool unit 14 is driven to rotate the tool support portion 143, and the selected tool 144 is moved to the workpiece. Place at the processing position. In this state, the motor 1414 of the chamfering tool unit 14 is driven to advance the chamfering tool 144 toward the workpiece W. Then, the chamfering member 1442 of the chamfering tool 144 is engaged with the workpiece W, and the chamfering tool 144 is pressed against the workpiece W while rotating the spindle unit 12 to perform chamfering. At the same time, the motor 1811 of the removal tool unit 18 is driven to swing the removal tool 184. Then, the removal tool 184 scrapes off burrs and surplus material generated on both side surfaces of the workpiece W. At this time, the cutters 1871 and 1872 are pressed against the workpiece W so as to be close to each other. Thus, as shown in FIG. 14, the chamfering process and the removing process are performed for a predetermined time, and after the machining is completed, the driving of the spindle unit 12 is stopped. Thereafter, the chamfering processing tool 144 and the removal processing tool 184 are separated from the workpiece W, and returned to the initial state shown in FIG.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, the chamfering tool unit 14 for chamfering the workpiece W and the removal tool unit 18 for removing burrs and surplus material on the side surface of the workpiece W can be driven independently. Therefore, the chamfering cut amount and the deburring removal amount can be individually adjusted. In other words, the amount of burrs generated according to the chamfer cut depth also changes, so that the chamfering tool unit and removal tool unit can be driven independently to accurately remove burrs generated by chamfering. Can do.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 14, in this chamfering tool unit 14, the chamfering member 1442 contacts a position shifted from the center of the workpiece W, that is, the front side of the workpiece W (lower side in FIG. 5). It is like that. Then, the cutter 1846 of the removal processing tool unit 18 contacts the back side of the workpiece (upper side in FIG. 5) by swinging. Here, for example, if both the chamfering processing tool 144 and the removal processing tool 184 are configured to linearly approach and separate from the workpiece W, the diameter of the workpiece W is small, so both tool units 14 and 18 are adjacent to each other. Cannot be placed. Therefore, if the removal tool 184 is configured to swing in the removal tool unit 18 as described above, even if the chamfering tool unit 14 and the removal tool unit 18 are disposed adjacent to each other, It can be made to approach with respect to the workpiece | work W, and the width | variety in which both units 14 and 18 are arrange | positioned can be made small.

  As mentioned above, although one Embodiment of this invention was described, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, A various change is possible unless it deviates from the meaning. For example, the following changes can be made.

  In the above-described embodiment, an example of the driving method of the chamfering tool unit and the removal tool unit has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and various methods can be used as long as the tool can be moved close to and away from the workpiece. Is applicable.

  The number of chamfering tools attached to the chamfering tool unit may not be plural, and may be one.

  The removal processing tool unit is configured so that the removal processing tool is brought close to the workpiece by swinging, but the removal processing tool is linearly moved closer to and away from the workpiece in the same manner as the chamfering processing tool unit of the above embodiment. You can also.

  In the above embodiment, two chamfering members 1442 of the chamfering processing tool 144 are provided and two cutters 1843 and 1846 of the removal processing tool 184 are also provided. You may make it take.

  The position of each unit is not particularly limited. That is, it should just be arrange | positioned in the periphery of a workpiece | work. However, in order to make the apparatus compact, it is preferable that they are adjacent as described above.

12 Spindle unit 14 Chamfering tool unit 141 Base plate (first support part)
1414 Motor (first drive unit)
1412 Ball screw (first drive unit)
1413 Nut (first movable member)
143 Processing tool support part 144 Chamfering processing tool (first processing tool)
18 Removal processing tool units 1831 and 1832 Support plate (second support part)
1811 Motor (second drive unit)
181 Ball screw (second drive unit)
1812 Nut (second movable member)
184 Removal processing tool (second processing tool)
W Work (Gear)

Claims (5)

A gear machining apparatus for machining gears,
A spindle unit that rotatably supports the gear;
A chamfering tool unit for chamfering the gear supported by the spindle unit;
A removal tool unit that can be driven independently of the chamfering tool unit, and removes burrs and excess wall on the side surface of the gear supported by the spindle unit;
With
The chamfering tool unit is
At least one first processing tool having at least one chamfering member meshed with at least one of the side edges of the gear and rotatably supported;
A first drive mechanism that supports the first processing tool and moves the first processing tool close to and away from the gear supported by the spindle unit;
With
The removal tool unit is
A second processing tool having at least one cutter for removing burrs and surplus on at least one side surface of the gear;
A second drive mechanism that supports the second processing tool and moves the second processing tool close to and away from the gear supported by the spindle unit;
Equipped with a,
The second drive mechanism includes:
A second support part for swingably supporting the second processing tool;
A second drive unit for swinging the second support unit,
The gear machining apparatus , wherein the first drive mechanism and the second drive mechanism can be driven independently of each other . The first drive mechanism includes:
A first support portion capable of approaching and separating from the gear supported by the main spindle unit;
A first drive section for moving the first support section close to and away from the gear supported by the spindle unit;
A plurality of first processing tools that are rotatably supported by the first support portion, and a plurality of the first processing tools arranged in an annular shape, and
The gear processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein two or more of the plurality of first processing tools respectively have different types of the chamfering members.   The gear processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the second processing tool includes a pair of the cutters, and the pair of cutters are configured to be close to and away from each other. A gear machining apparatus for machining gears,
A spindle unit that rotatably supports the gear;
A chamfering tool unit for chamfering the gear supported by the spindle unit;
A removal tool unit that can be driven independently of the chamfering tool unit, and removes burrs and excess wall on the side surface of the gear supported by the spindle unit;
With
The chamfering tool unit is
At least one first processing tool having at least one chamfering member meshed with at least one of the side edges of the gear and rotatably supported;
A first drive mechanism that supports the first processing tool and moves the first processing tool close to and away from the gear supported by the spindle unit;
With
The removal tool unit is
A second processing tool having at least one cutter for removing burrs and surplus on at least one side surface of the gear;
A second drive mechanism that supports the second processing tool and moves the second processing tool close to and away from the gear supported by the spindle unit;
With
The first drive mechanism includes:
A first support portion that can linearly approach and separate from the gear supported by the spindle unit and supports the first processing tool;
A first drive unit having a first movable member that linearly advances and retreats to linearly approach and separate the first support unit,
The second drive mechanism includes:
A second support part for swingably supporting the second processing tool;
A second drive unit having a second movable member that linearly advances and retreats to swing the second support unit,
Wherein the moving direction of the first movable member such that said the moving direction of the second movable member is parallel, said the chamfering tool unit and removal tool units are arranged adjacent teeth wheel machining apparatus. The spindle unit can support the first and second processing tools,
The chamfering tool unit can exchange the first processing tool with the spindle unit,
5. The gear machining apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the removal tool unit can exchange the second machining tool with the spindle unit . 6.