CN110216481A - Numerical control vertical machine tool and method for processing valve body using it - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a numerical control vertical machine tool and a method for machining a valve body by using the same, wherein the machine tool comprises a machine tool body, a clamp assembly, a cutter assembly and a driving mechanism capable of driving the cutter assembly to rotate relative to the clamp assembly and move in a three-axis mode are arranged in the machine tool body, two groups of clamp assemblies are arranged on each clamp assembly, each group of clamp assemblies comprises a supporting frame, a clamp mounting seat and a first driving device capable of driving the clamp mounting seat to rotate are arranged on each supporting frame, the first driving device is connected with a positioning mechanism capable of controlling the rotating angle of the clamp mounting seat, and clamping jaws are arranged on the clamp mounting seat. The machine tool can machine and mold complex parts with more hole sites, such as valve body workpieces and the like, only by clamping twice, and has the advantages of high working efficiency, low machining precision, low cost and strong practicability.

Description

Numerical control vertical machine tool and method for processing valve body using it

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of valve body production, in particular to a numerically controlled vertical machine tool and a method for processing a valve body using the same.

Background technique

CNC vertical machine tool is a commonly used mechanical processing equipment. The processing process of CNC vertical machine tool is automatic, and the tool can be replaced automatically. The production efficiency and processing accuracy are relatively high, so it is widely used in domestic industrial production.

The main shaft of the common CNC vertical machine tool is set vertically, and the direction of the main shaft cannot be adjusted. The tool is set at the lower end of the main shaft and can rotate with the main shaft. The fixture for clamping the workpiece is fixedly set under the tool. There is an X-Y-Z three-axis drive device that can drive the spindle and the tool to move relative to the fixture in three axes. For products whose parts to be processed are concentrated on one or two sides, this CNC vertical machine tool can be easily processed. However, for some complex valve body workpieces 4 as shown in Figure 5, the six Almost all surfaces must be processed by drilling, tapping, etc., and the holes to be processed include vertical holes 41 and oblique holes 42. If the above-mentioned CNC vertical machine tool is used, multiple clampings are required to process and form, and the work efficiency is low. , and the accumulated error of multiple clamping is large, resulting in low machining accuracy.

Contents of the invention

In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a numerical control vertical machine tool suitable for processing complex parts, high work efficiency and high processing precision and a method for processing valve bodies using the same.

The technical scheme that the present invention adopts for solving its technical problem is:

A numerically controlled vertical machine tool, comprising a machine body, in which a fixture assembly, a tool assembly, and a driving mechanism capable of driving the tool assembly to rotate relative to the fixture assembly and to move three axes are arranged, and two groups of fixture assemblies are provided, and each set of fixture assemblies It includes a support frame, the support frame is provided with a clamp mounting seat and a first driving device for driving the clamp mounting seat to rotate, the first driving device is connected with a positioning mechanism capable of controlling the rotation angle of the clamp mounting seat, and the clamp mounting seat is provided with jaws .

Preferably, the jaws include a fixed clamp block, a movable clamp block, and a wedge-shaped block that can move up and down on the clamp mounting seat. The pressure-bearing inclined surface can drive the movable clamping block to move left and right when the wedge-shaped block moves up and down, and the second driving device for driving the wedge-shaped block to move up and down is also arranged on the fixture mounting seat.

Preferably, a guide mechanism for guiding the wedge is provided between the movable clamping block and the wedge.

Preferably, the guide mechanism includes a first dovetail groove arranged on the pushing slope, and a dovetail-shaped projection arranged on the pressure bearing slope and matched with the first dovetail groove.

Preferably, a working platform is provided on the top of the fixture mounting base, the fixed clamping block and the movable clamping block can be detachably installed on the working platform, and a positioning structure for positioning the workpiece is arranged between the fixed clamping block and the movable clamping block.

Preferably, the upper surface of the working platform is provided with a guide rail located on the left side of the fixed clamp block, the movable clamp block is arranged on the guide rail and can move left and right along the guide rail, and a device is provided between the guide rail and the movable clamp block to limit the upward separation of the movable clamp block In the limit structure of the guide rail, the distance from the right end of the guide rail to the left end of the fixed clamp is smaller than the left and right width of the movable clamp, and the distance from the right end of the guide rail to the right end of the fixed clamp is greater than the left and right width of the movable clamp.

As preferably, a base is provided in the machine tool body, the support frame includes a first support and a second support arranged at intervals on the base, the positioning mechanism includes an indexing plate rotatably arranged on the first support, and the first drive The device includes a motor arranged inside the first support, the output end of the motor is connected with the indexing plate, a turntable is arranged on the second support, and the fixture installation seat is arranged between the turntable and the indexing plate.

A method of applying the above-mentioned numerically controlled vertical machine tool to process a valve body, comprising the following steps:

1. One-time clamping, take the valve body workpiece and put it into the first set of fixture components, so that the left and right sides of the valve body workpiece are clamped by the jaws of the first set of fixture components;

2. Process the top structure of the valve body workpiece, start the machine tool, make the tool assembly work, and process the top structure of the valve body workpiece;

3. Processing the structure of the front and rear sides of the valve body workpiece,

The method of processing the front side structure of the valve body workpiece is: turn the fixture mounting seat until the front side of the valve body workpiece faces up, and then the tool assembly works to process the structure of the front side of the valve body workpiece;

The method of processing the rear structure of the valve body workpiece is: turn the fixture mounting seat until the rear side of the valve body workpiece faces upward, and then the tool assembly continues to work to process the structure of the rear side of the valve body workpiece;

Fourth, the second clamping, remove the valve body workpiece from the first set of fixture components, and put it into the second set of fixture components, so that the bottom of the valve body workpiece faces upward and the front and rear sides of the valve body workpiece are held by the second set of fixtures The clamping jaws of the component are clamped;

5. Process the structure of the bottom of the valve body workpiece, start the machine tool, make the tool assembly work, and process the top structure of the valve body workpiece;

6. Process the structure of the left and right sides of the valve body workpiece,

The method of processing the structure on the left side of the valve body workpiece is: turn the fixture mounting seat until the left side of the valve body workpiece faces up, and then the tool assembly works to process the structure on the left side of the valve body workpiece;

The method for processing the structure on the right side of the valve body workpiece is: turn the fixture mounting seat until the right side of the valve body workpiece faces upwards, and then the tool assembly continues to work to process the structure on the right side of the valve body workpiece.

Preferably, after step 2 is completed and before step 4 starts, the inclined structure on the valve body workpiece is processed. The processing method is: turn the fixture mounting seat until the valve body workpiece is obliquely upward, and then the tool assembly works to make the valve body The corresponding position on the workpiece is machined with inclined structures.

Preferably, after step 5 is completed, the inclined structure on the valve body workpiece is processed. The processing method is: turn the fixture mounting seat until the valve body workpiece is obliquely upward, and then the tool assembly works to correct the corresponding position on the valve body workpiece. A tilted structure is processed.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. The CNC vertical machine tool proposed by the present invention can process complex parts with many holes, such as valve body workpieces, with only two clampings. It has high work efficiency and low machining accuracy, and adopts multi-axis linkage CNC processing equipment Compared with the lower cost, the practicability is strong.

2. Both the fixed clamp and the movable clamp in the present invention are easy to disassemble and replace, and can be used to process other workpieces after the fixed clamp and the movable clamp are replaced, with wide applicability.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the three-dimensional view that two groups of fixture assemblies and base are in working state among the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the perspective view of the working state of a group of clamp assemblies in the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a partially enlarged view of part A in Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is the front view of the working state of a group of clamp assemblies in the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a valve body workpiece;

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the valve body workpiece after forming.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Referring to Figures 1 to 6, an embodiment of the present invention proposes a CNC vertical machine tool, including a machine tool body, a clamp assembly, a tool assembly, and a tool capable of driving the tool assembly to rotate relative to the clamp assembly and to move three axes in the machine tool body. Drive mechanism. The tool used for processing in the tool assembly faces downward and is located directly above the clamp assembly. The machine tool body, tool assembly and drive mechanism are all existing mature technologies, so they are not shown in the drawings.

The clamp assembly is provided with two groups, and each set of clamp assembly includes a support frame 1. The support frame 1 is provided with a clamp mounting seat 2 and a first driving device that drives the rotation of the clamp mounting seat 2. The first driving device is connected with a The positioning mechanism of the rotation angle of the seat 2, the clamp mounting seat 2 is provided with jaws.

Use the method for processing valve body of the present invention as follows:

Step 1, one-time clamping, take the forged valve body workpiece 4, and put it into the first set of fixture components, so that the left and right sides of the valve body workpiece 4 are clamped by the jaws of the first set of fixture components;

Step 2, process the structure of the top of the valve body workpiece 4, start the machine tool, make the tool assembly work, and process the top structure of the valve body workpiece 4;

Step 3: Process the structure of the front side and the rear side of the valve body workpiece 4. The method for processing the front side structure of the valve body workpiece 4 is: turn the fixture mounting seat 2 until the front side of the valve body workpiece 4 faces upward, and then the tool assembly works. The structure of the front side of the valve body workpiece 4 is processed; the method for processing the rear side structure of the valve body workpiece 4 is: turn the fixture mounting seat 2 until the rear side of the valve body workpiece 4 faces upwards, and then the tool assembly continues to work, and the valve body workpiece 4 The rear structure is processed;

Step 4, secondary clamping, remove the valve body workpiece 4 that has been clamped once from the first set of fixture components, and put it into the second set of clamp components, so that the bottom of the valve body workpiece 4 faces upward and the valve body The front and rear sides of the workpiece 4 are clamped by the jaws of the second set of fixture assemblies;

Step 5, process the structure at the bottom of the valve body workpiece 4, start the machine tool, make the tool assembly work, and process the top structure of the valve body workpiece 4;

Step 6. Process the structure on the left and right sides of the valve body workpiece 4. The method for processing the left side structure of the valve body workpiece 4 is: turn the fixture mounting seat 2 until the left side of the valve body workpiece 4 faces upwards, and then the tool assembly works. The structure on the left side of the valve body workpiece 4 is processed; the method for processing the structure on the right side of the valve body workpiece 4 is: turn the fixture mounting seat 2 until the right side of the valve body workpiece 4 faces upwards, then the tool assembly continues to work, and the valve body workpiece 4 The structure on the right is processed.

In the above-mentioned processing method, the processing for the six sides of the valve body workpiece 4 mainly includes drilling, slotting, plane milling, tapping and the like.

Further, for some valve body workpieces 4, inclined structures such as inclined holes, inclined grooves, and inclined planes are also provided on the front, top, or rear sides. Therefore, when processing such a valve body workpiece, it is necessary to add another step, that is: after the completion of step 2 and before the start of step 4, turn the fixture mounting seat 2 until the valve body workpiece 4 is obliquely upward, and then the tool assembly works to the valve body The corresponding position on the workpiece 4 is processed with an inclined structure. Of course, inclined structures such as inclined holes, inclined grooves, and inclined planes may also be arranged on the left side, right side or bottom of the valve body workpiece 4. The processing method for these inclined structures is: after step five is completed, turn the fixture mounting seat 2 until The valve body workpiece 4 faces upward obliquely, and then the cutter assembly works to process an inclined structure on the corresponding position on the valve body workpiece 4 .

In summary, the numerically controlled vertical machine tool proposed by the present invention can process complex parts with many holes, such as the valve body workpiece 4, with only two clampings, and has high work efficiency and low machining accuracy, and adopts multi-axis linkage numerical control Compared with processing equipment, the cost is lower, and it is more suitable for small and medium-sized enterprises.

Referring to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the jaws include a fixed clamp block 51, a movable clamp block 52 and a wedge-shaped block 53 that can move up and down on the clamp mounting base 2. A pressure-receiving slope 521 is provided on the side away from the fixed clamping block 51 to cooperate with the push-out slope 531 , and the slope angle of the push-out slope 531 and the pressure-receiving slope 521 are equal. Such a structure can drive the movable clamping block 52 to move left and right when the wedge-shaped block 53 moves up and down, and the second driving device 50 for driving the wedge-shaped block 53 to move up and down is also arranged on the fixture mounting base 2 . Preferably, the second driving device 50 is an air cylinder fixed under the fixture mounting base 2 , and the output end of the air cylinder is connected to the wedge block 53 .

Further, a guiding mechanism for guiding the wedge block 53 is provided between the movable clamping block 52 and the wedge block 53 .

Optionally, the guiding mechanism includes a first dovetail groove 532 disposed on the pushing slope 531 , and a dovetail-shaped protrusion 522 disposed on the pressure bearing slope 521 and matched with the first dovetail groove 532 . Such a design can make the relative movement between the wedge block 53 and the movable clamp block 52 be carried out smoothly and accurately, and avoid the vibration generated when the workpiece 4 is processed to cause the wedge block 53 and the movable clamp block 52 to slide relative to each other in the front-back direction.

For different workpieces 4 , the positioning structures on the fixed clamp block 51 and the movable clamp block 52 are different, so the fixed clamp block 51 and the movable clamp block 52 need to be replaced before they can be used to process other workpieces 4 .

With reference to Fig. 3, in order to make the present invention applicable to processing different workpieces 4, the top of the fixture mount 2 is provided with a work platform 21, and the fixed clamp block 51 and the movable clamp block 52 can be detachably installed on the work platform 21, fixed A positioning structure for positioning the workpiece is provided between the clamping block 51 and the movable clamping block 52, such as a positioning groove, a positioning hole, a positioning pin, and the like.

Further, the upper surface of the working platform 21 is provided with a guide rail 22 positioned on the left side of the fixed clamping block 51, the movable clamping block 52 is arranged on the guide rail 22 and can move left and right along the guide rail 22, and the guide rail 22 and the movable clamping block 52 are arranged There is a limit structure that restricts the movable clip 52 to break away from the guide rail 22 upwards. The distance from the right end of the guide rail 22 to the left end of the fixed clip 51 is less than the left and right width of the movable clip 52, and the distance from the right end of the guide rail 22 to the right end of the fixed clip 51 is greater than The left and right width of movable clamp block 52. In such a design, the left side of the guide rail 22 is provided with other structures that restrict the clamping block from coming out. When the fixed clamping block 51 has not been dismantled, due to the limiting effect of the fixed clamping block 51 on the movable clamping block 52, this At the same time, the movable clamping block 52 cannot be slid to the right along the guide rail 22 and removed; after the fixed clamping block 51 is pulled down, the limiting effect of the fixed clamping block 51 is released, and the movable clamping block 52 is moved rightward along the slide rail. The movable clamping block 52 can be pulled down, and then other clamping blocks can be replaced. In the process of replacing the clamping block, only the fixed clamping block 51 needs to be screwed and screwed, which is very convenient and quick.

Optionally, the guide rail 22 is a dovetail-shaped guide rail 22 , and the bottom of the movable clamping block 52 is provided with a second dovetail groove 523 matching with the dovetail-shaped guide rail 22 , and the limiting structure includes protrusions on both sides of the dovetail-shaped guide rail 22 .

Referring to Fig. 1, a base 8 is arranged in the machine tool body, and the support frame 1 includes a first support 11 and a second support 12 arranged at intervals on the base 8, and the positioning mechanism includes a rotatably arranged branch on the first support 11. The dial 7, the first driving device includes a motor arranged inside the first support 11, the output end of the motor is connected to the dial 7, the second support 12 is provided with a turntable 3, and the fixture mounting seat 2 is arranged on the turntable 3 and between dial 7.

Claims (10)

1. A numerically controlled vertical machine tool, comprising a machine tool body, a clamp assembly, a tool assembly and a drive mechanism that can drive the tool assembly to rotate and triaxially move relative to the clamp assembly in the machine tool body, it is characterized in that the There are two sets of clamp assemblies, each set of clamp assemblies includes a support frame (1), and the support frame (1) is provided with a clamp mounting seat (2) and a first driving device that drives the clamp mounting seat (2) to rotate, The first driving device is connected with a positioning mechanism capable of controlling the rotation angle of the clamp mounting base (2), and the clamp mounting base (2) is provided with jaws. 2. The numerically controlled vertical machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, the jaws include a fixed clamp (51), a movable clamp (52) and a clamp that can move up and down on the clamp mounting seat (2). A wedge-shaped block (53), the wedge-shaped block (53) is provided with a pushing slope (531), and the movable clamping block (52) is provided with a pressure-bearing slope that cooperates with the pushing slope (531) (521), when the wedge-shaped block (53) moves up and down, it can drive the movable clamp block (52) to move left and right, and the clamp mounting seat (2) is also provided with a first device for driving the wedge-shaped block (53) to move up and down. Two driving devices (50). 3. The numerical control vertical machine tool according to claim 2, characterized in that, a guide mechanism for guiding the wedge block (53) is provided between the movable clamp block (52) and the wedge block (53). 4. The numerically controlled vertical machine tool according to claim 3, characterized in that, said guide mechanism comprises a first dovetail groove (532) arranged on said push-off slope (531), and a first dovetail groove (532) arranged on said bearing Press the dovetail-shaped protrusion (522) on the inclined surface (521) and cooperate with the first dovetail groove (532). 5. numerical control vertical machine tool according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the top of described fixture mount (2) is provided with work platform (21), and described fixed clamp block (51) and movable clamp block ( 52) can be detachably installed on the working platform (21), and a positioning structure for positioning workpieces is arranged between the fixed clamping block (51) and the movable clamping block (52). 6. CNC vertical machine tool according to claim 5, characterized in that, the upper surface of the working platform (21) is provided with a guide rail (22) positioned at the left side of the fixed clamp block (51), and the movable The clamping block (52) is arranged on the guide rail (22) and can move left and right along the guide rail (22), and a movable clamping block (52) is arranged between the guide rail (22) and the movable clamping block (52). ) upwards from the position-limiting structure of the guide rail (22), the distance from the right end of the guide rail (22) to the left end of the fixed clip (51) is less than the left and right width of the movable clip (52), and the distance from the left end of the guide rail (22) The distance from the right end to the right end of the fixed clamping block (51) is greater than the left and right width of the movable clamping block (52). 7. The numerically controlled vertical machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, a base (8) is arranged in the described machine tool body, and the support frame (1) includes first support (11) and second support (12), the positioning mechanism includes a dial (7) rotatably arranged on the first support (11), and the first driving device includes a A motor inside the support (11), the output end of the motor is connected to the indexing plate (7), the second support (12) is provided with a turntable (3), and the clamp mounting seat (2) Set between the turntable (3) and the indexing disk (7). 8. A method for applying the numerical control vertical machine tool to process the valve body according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: 1. One-time clamping, take the valve body workpiece (4), and put it into the first set of fixture assemblies, so that the left and right sides of the valve body workpiece (4) are clamped by the jaws of the first set of fixture assemblies; Two, process the structure of the top of the valve body workpiece (4), start the machine tool, make the tool assembly work, and process the top structure of the valve body workpiece (4); 3. Process the structure of the front and rear sides of the valve body workpiece (4), The method for processing the front side structure of the valve body workpiece (4) is: turn the fixture mounting seat (2) until the front side of the valve body workpiece (4) faces upwards, and then the tool assembly works to check the structure of the front side of the valve body workpiece (4). for processing; The method for processing the rear side structure of the valve body workpiece (4) is: turn the fixture mounting seat (2) until the rear side of the valve body workpiece (4) faces upwards, then the tool assembly continues to work, and the rear side of the valve body workpiece (4) structure for processing; Fourth, the second clamping, remove the valve body workpiece (4) from the first set of fixture components, and put it into the second set of fixture components, so that the bottom of the valve body workpiece (4) faces upward and the valve body workpiece (4) The front and rear sides are clamped by the jaws of the second set of clamp components; 5. Process the structure at the bottom of the valve body workpiece (4), start the machine tool, make the tool assembly work, and process the top structure of the valve body workpiece (4); 6. Process the structure of the left and right sides of the valve body workpiece (4), The method for processing the structure on the left side of the valve body workpiece (4) is: turn the fixture mounting seat (2) until the left side of the valve body workpiece (4) faces upwards, and then the tool assembly works, and the structure on the left side of the valve body workpiece (4) for processing; The method for processing the structure on the right side of the valve body workpiece (4) is: turn the fixture mounting seat (2) until the right side of the valve body workpiece (4) faces upwards, then the tool assembly continues to work, and the right side of the valve body workpiece (4) The structure is processed. 9. The method for processing a valve body according to claim 8, characterized in that, after the completion of step 2 and before the start of step 4, the inclined structure on the valve body workpiece (4) is processed, the processing method is: rotating the fixture to install seat (2) until the valve body workpiece (4) obliquely upwards, then the cutter assembly works to process an inclined structure at the corresponding position on the valve body workpiece (4). 10. The method for processing a valve body according to claim 8, characterized in that, after step five is completed, the inclined structure on the valve body workpiece (4) is processed, the processing method is: rotating the fixture mounting seat (2) until The valve body workpiece (4) faces upwards obliquely, and then the cutter assembly works to process an inclined structure on the corresponding position on the valve body workpiece (4).