JP3594708B2 - Centering machine and its work supporting device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a centering machine for smoothing an end face of a rod-shaped work and forming a center hole in an axial center portion of the end face, and a work support device therefor.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As a conventional technique, a milling cutter with a drill is provided by protruding and fixing a center drill at the axis of the milling cutter, and the milling cutter with the drill is attached to the end of the main shaft. In some cases, a center hole is formed in the center of the shaft and the end face of the work is smoothed with a milling cutter.
Also, two main spindles are provided in parallel on a moving table that moves laterally, a center drill is mounted on one main axis, a milling cutter is mounted on the other main axis, the moving table is moved, and the end face of the work is smoothed by a milling cutter. Then, a center drill is moved to the axis of the work via a moving table, and a center hole is formed in the center of the end face of the work by the center drill.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the former case, when the diameter of the blade of the milling cutter is increased, the contact area with the work increases, and chatter occurs at the time of processing the end face. For this reason, there is a disadvantage that the diameter of the blade of the milling cutter is limited and a large-diameter work cannot be machined. In the latter case, the center hole processing and the end face processing are performed in separate steps, so that processing time is required, and since two main spindles are provided, the size becomes large and the structure becomes complicated and expensive. there were.
An object of the present invention is to provide a centering machine and a work support device that solve the above-mentioned disadvantages by providing a rod that supports a center drill in the axial center portion of a main shaft that supports a milling cutter so as to be movable in the axial direction. I do.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention is configured as follows to achieve the above object. That is, as a centering machine, a main shaft is rotatably supported on an axis of a cylindrical head case supported by a frame, a milling cutter is provided at one end of the main shaft, and a rod is axially mounted on the axis of the main shaft. The center drill is provided so as to be movable in the direction of rotation and not to be relatively rotatable with respect to the main shaft, and a center drill is provided on one end side of the rod. A drill advance / retreat device is provided for axially extending and retracting from the portion , and the drill advance / retreat device is arranged coaxially with a cylinder case on the other end side of the main shaft and integrally connected to the main shaft, and a piston is provided in the cylinder case. While slidably fitting, the piston is connected to the other end of the rod, and hydraulic oil is supplied into the cylinder case via a rotary joint provided at the other end of the rod. It is obtained by a structure in which Ru provided head moving device for moving the head case in the axial direction.
As a work supporting device of the centering machine, a centering machine having the above-described configuration, wherein a clamp device for clamping a work is disposed outside the main shaft in the axial direction, and the clamp device is attached to an axis of the main shaft. A clamp moving device for moving in a perpendicular direction is provided, and a work support for receiving a work is provided on one end side in the moving direction of the clamp device. The clamp device is configured such that a pushing device is reciprocated by a cylinder in a direction perpendicular to the axis of a main shaft. An arm, a pair of oscillating arms disposed on both sides of the pushing arm and capable of oscillating about an axis parallel to the main shaft, and connecting the pushing arm and each oscillating arm; An arm interlocking mechanism for swinging the swing arms in the approaching direction and the separating direction by forward movement and backward movement is provided.
[0005]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 is a plan view showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a right side view thereof. 1 and 2, reference numeral 1 denotes a frame (bed) which is fixed to a rear portion of the frame 1 on a support base 2 having a triangular shape in a side view, which gradually increases rearward. An X-axis rail 4 extending in the left-right direction in FIG. 1 is provided on the left and right sides of the support base 2. The table 3 is moved in the left-right direction along the X-axis rail 4 by the head moving device 5.
[0006]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the head moving device 5 extends a ball screw 6 rotatably supported by the support base 2 in parallel with the X-axis rail 4 and screws the ball screw 6 to the X-axis movable base 3. By connecting the ball screw 6 to an X-axis servomotor 8 supported on the side of the support base 2 via a timing belt 7 and rotating the X-axis servomotor 8 forward and reverse, 3 is moved left and right. A spindle head 10 is mounted on the front side of each X-axis moving base 3 so as to face left and right, and a spindle motor 20 is mounted on the rear side of each X-axis moving base 3. The main shaft 12 (FIG. 3) is driven by a belt.
[0007]
The spindle head 10 is as shown in FIG. In FIG. 3, reference numeral 11 denotes a cylindrical head case fixed to the X-axis moving base 3, and a main shaft 12 is axially penetrated through an axis of the head case 11, and is rotatably supported by bearings 13. A mounting board 14 is detachably fixed to the right end of the main shaft 12 by bolts 15, and a milling cutter 16 is detachably fixed to the mounting board 14 by bolts 17. A pulley 18 is attached to the left end of the main shaft 12, and a belt 19 (FIG. 1) is wound around the pulley 18 and connected to the rotating shaft of the main shaft motor 20.
[0008]
A coaxial hole is formed through the shaft of the main shaft 12, the mounting board 14, and the milling cutter 16, and a rod 25 is inserted into the hole. The right part of the rod 25 is divided into right and left parts, and the divided right part rod 25a is axially movable relative to the main shaft 12 by engagement of a key and a long hole or by spline fitting and relative rotation. And is urged to move leftward by a spring 26 composed of a coil spring. A collet chuck 27 is attached to the right end shaft center of the rod 25a, and the collet chuck 27 supports the center drill 28 in a detachable manner. 29 is a slide bearing.
[0009]
A drill advance / retreat device 35 is provided for moving the rod 25 in the left / right (axial) direction to cause the center drill 28 to protrude / retreat from the axis of the milling cutter 16 left / right. That is, a cylinder case 36 is attached to the left surface of the pulley 18, and the left part of the rod 25 is penetrated into the cylinder case 36, and a piston 37 slidably fitted in the cylinder case 36 is connected to the rod 25. Further, at the left end of the rod 25 projecting leftward from the cylinder case 36, a forward working oil passage 38 communicating with the left chamber of the cylinder case 36 and a reverse working oil passage communicating with the right chamber of the cylinder case 36. A hydraulic pump or an air pump (both not shown) is connected to each hydraulic oil passage 38, 39 via a rotary joint 40 and a switching valve.
[0010]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, a clamp support 45 is slidably supported in the front-rear direction along the upper surface (slope) of the support 2 at the center of the support 2 in the left-right direction. A clamp device 55 for holding the work W is placed on the clamp support table 45, and a clamp moving device 46 for moving the clamp support table 45 in the front-rear direction is provided. As shown in FIG. 5, the clamp moving device 46 extends the ball screw 47 rotatably supported by the support base 2 in the front-rear direction along the upper surface (slope) of the support base 2 so that the The ball screw 47 is connected via a timing belt 48 to a Y-axis servomotor 49 supported on the rear portion of the support table 2, and the Y-axis servomotor 49 is rotated forward and reverse to support each of the clamp supports. The table 45 is moved back and forth.
[0011]
The clamp device 55 is as shown in FIG. In FIG. 6, reference numeral 56 denotes a clamp case fixed to the clamp support base 45, and a push arm 57 is provided at the center of the clamp case 56 in the vertical direction in parallel with the front-rear movement direction of the clamp support base 45 and the axis of the main shaft 12. A pair of oscillating arms 58 and 59 are mounted on the upper and lower portions of the clamp case 56 with the pushing arm 57 interposed therebetween. Swingably supported via fulcrum pins 60 and 61 parallel to the shaft.
[0012]
In addition, the push arm 57 is connected to the swing arms 58 and 59, and the front portion of the swing arms 58 and 59 is swung in the approaching direction and the separating direction by the forward and backward movement of the pushing arm 57. An interlocking mechanism 65 is provided. That is, arms 57a and 57b projecting vertically are provided integrally with the rear part of the push arm 57, and rollers 66 and 67 are rotatably attached to the tips of the arms 57a and 57b. On the other hand, arcuate guide grooves 68, 69 which are curved in the direction away from each other toward the rear are formed at the rear portions of the swing arms 58, 59 which project rearward from the fulcrum pins 60, 61. The rollers 66 and 67 are fitted to the roller 69 so that they can roll.
[0013]
A hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder 70 is mounted on the rear surface of the clamp case 56, the front end of a rod 71 of the cylinder 70 is connected to the rear surface of the push arm 57, and the push arm 57 is moved forward and backward by the cylinder 70. This causes the front portions of the swing arms 58, 59 to swing in the approaching direction and the separating direction via the arm interlocking mechanism 65.
[0014]
Clamping claws 62, 63, 64 for clamping the work W are attached to the front end of the push arm 57 and the front ends of the swing arms 58, 59. When the claws 62, 63, 64 approach each other, they come close to each other. As shown by the solid line in FIG. 6, the outer peripheral surface of the rod-shaped workpiece W is clamped at equal intervals, that is, the rear surface, the front upper surface, and the front lower surface are clamped.
[0015]
At the front of the frame 1 located in front of the above-described clamp device 55, a work support base 75 is installed as shown in FIGS. This work support base 75 separates a pair of brackets 76, 76 to the left and right, and stands up and fixes V-shaped receiving pieces 77, 77 at the front ends (rear portions) of the brackets 76, 76. It supports both left and right ends of the rod-shaped work W. The support position of the work W by each of the receiving pieces 77, 77 is on an extension L of the longitudinal movement axis of the clamp device 55 as shown in FIG. The left and right spaces between the brackets 76, 76, and therefore the receiving pieces 77, 77, are wider than the left and right widths of the above-described holding claws 62, 63, 64. , 77 between the workpieces W and 77.
[0016]
Next, the operation of the above embodiment will be described. When the rod 71 of the cylinder 70 of the clamp device 55 is moved backward and the push arm 57 is moved backward, the rollers 66 and 67 provided on the arms 57a and 57b move backward in the guide grooves 68 and 69, and are indicated by phantom lines in FIG. As described above, the front portions of the swing arms 58, 59 swing away from each other, and the holding claws 62, 63, 64 are opened. In this state, the Y-axis servo motor 49 of the clamp moving device 46 is rotated forward, for example. Then, the ball screw 47 is rotated forward to advance the clamp support base 45, and the holding claws 62, 63, 64 of the clamp device 55 are advanced to the work support base 75.
[0017]
Next, the rod 71 of the cylinder 70 of the clamp device 55 is advanced, and the push arm 57 is advanced. Then, the rollers 66, 67 advance in the guide grooves 68, 69 via the arms 57a, 57b, and the front portions of the swing arms 58, 59 swing in the approaching direction to each other. 63, 64 are closed to clamp the left and right intermediate portions of the work W supported by the receiving pieces 77, 77 of the work support base 75 (the state of the solid line in FIG. 6). Next, the spindle motor 20 is rotated at a lower speed than that described above so that the rotation of the spindle 12 becomes a speed suitable for the cutting speed of the milling cutter 16, the X-axis servo motor 8 is rotated forward, and each head is rotated via the ball screw 6. Each milling cutter 16 is advanced to the end face processing position via the support base 3 and each spindle head 10.
[0018]
In this state, the Y-axis servo motor 49 of the clamp moving device 46 is reversed, and the work W is moved backward (moves to the left in FIG. 5) via the ball screw 47, the clamp support 45, and the clamp device 55. Both end faces of the work W are machined by the respective milling cutters 16. Next, the X-axis servo motor 8 is rotated in the reverse direction to move each head support 3 and each spindle head 10 in the separating direction via the ball screw 6, and then the Y-axis servo motor 49 of the clamp moving device 46 is rotated forward. Then, the clamp support 45 is advanced through the ball screw 47, and the work W clamped by the clamp device 55 is transferred onto the axis of each of the spindle heads 10, 10.
[0019]
Next, the spindle motor 20 is rotated at a high speed so that the rotation of the spindle 12 becomes a speed suitable for the cutting speed of the center drill 28, and hydraulic oil is supplied to the hydraulic oil passage 38 on the forward side of the drill advance / retreat device 35, and the piston is rotated. The center drill 28 is moved forward (moves to the right in FIG. 4), and the center drill 28 is protruded to the right from the milling cutter 16 through the right rod 25a as shown in FIG.
[0020]
In this state, for example, the X-axis servo motor 8 of each head moving device 5 is rotated forward, for example, and the ball screw 6 is rotated forward to advance each head support 3 and thus each spindle head 10 (in the direction approaching each other in FIG. 1). Then, the center drill 28 is used to make a center hole at the axial center of both end faces of the work W. Then, the X-axis servo motor 8 is rotated in the reverse direction, and each head support 3, that is, each spindle head 10 is moved backward (moved in a direction away from each other in FIG. 1) via the ball screw 6. Hydraulic oil is supplied to the hydraulic oil passage 39 on the reverse side to cause the piston 37 to move backward (move to the left in FIG. 3), and the rod 25a on the right part, that is, the center drill 28 is shown in FIG. In such a manner, it is retracted into the milling cutter 16.
[0021]
Next, the Y-axis servo motor 49 of the clamp moving device 46 is rotated forward, and the clamp support base 45, and thus the clamp device 55 is advanced (moved to the right in FIG. 5) via the ball screw 47, and the processed work W is moved. The work support 75 is moved to the receiving pieces 77, 77. In this state, the rod 71 of the cylinder 70 of the clamp device 55 is moved backward to move the push arm 57 backward. Then, the rollers 66, 67 move backward (moving to the left in FIG. 6) in the guide grooves 68, 69 via the arms 57a, 57b, and the front portions of the swing arms 58, 59 move away from each other. 6, the holding claws 62, 63, 64 open as indicated by the phantom lines in FIG. 6, and the processed work W is placed on the receiving pieces 77, 77 of the work support base 75. Each of the above operations is input to a control device of a control panel (not shown) in advance, and is performed by a control signal from the control device.
[0022]
【The invention's effect】
As is evident from the above description, the present invention provides that a rod is fitted to an axial portion of a main shaft supporting a milling cutter at one end so as to be movable in the axial direction and relatively non-rotatable with respect to the main shaft. A center drill is provided on one end side, and the rod is moved in the axial direction with respect to the main shaft by a drill advance / retreat device so that the center drill is made to protrude and retract from the axis of the milling cutter. In addition to being able to perform the end face processing quickly, the size is reduced and the drive system is simplified and the cost is reduced as compared with the conventional two spindles. Further, as a clamp device, the cylinder is reciprocated in a direction orthogonal to the axis of the main shaft, and a pair of swing arms are swung in the contact and separation directions by an arm interlocking mechanism with the reciprocation of the push arm, Further, since the clamp device is moved in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the main shaft outside the main shaft in the axial direction, the end surface of the large-diameter work can be easily processed by the small-diameter milling cutter. It works.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a plan view of a centering machine according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a right side view of FIG.
FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the spindle head according to the present invention in a state where a center drill is retracted.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the spindle head according to the present invention in a state where a center drill projects.
FIG. 5 is a side view corresponding to VV in FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a clamp device according to the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Frame 2 Support stand 3 Head support stand 4 X-axis rail 5 Head moving device 6 Ball screw 7 Timing belt 8 X-axis servo motor 10 Main shaft head 11 Head case 12 Main shaft 13 Bearing 14 Mounting plate 15 Bolt 16 Milling cutter 17 Bolt 18 Pulley 19 Belt 20 Main shaft motor 25 Rod 25a Right rod 26 Spring 27 Collet chuck 28 Center drill 29 Slide bearing 35 Drill advance / retreat device 36 Cylinder case 37 Piston 38, 38 Working oil passage 40 Rotary joint 45 Clamp support base 46 Clamp moving device 47 Ball screw 48 Timing belt 49 Y-axis servo motor 55 Clamp device 56 Clamp case 57 Push arm 57a, 57b Arm 58, 59 Swing arm 60, 61 Support pin 62, 63, 64 Pawl 65 arm linkage mechanism 66, 67 roller 68, 69 guide groove 70 the cylinder 71 rod 75 workpiece support 76 bracket 77 receives frames

Claims (2)

A main shaft (12) is rotatably supported on an axis of a cylindrical head case (11) supported by the frame (1), and a milling cutter (16) is provided at one end of the main shaft (12). A rod (25) is fitted to the shaft center of the main shaft (12) so as to be movable in the axial direction and non-rotatable relative to the main shaft (12), and a center drill (28) is attached to one end of the rod (25). And a drill advance / retreat device (35) for moving the rod (25) in the axial direction with respect to the main shaft (12) to cause the center drill (28) to protrude and retract in the axial direction from the axis of the milling cutter (16). The drill advance / retreat device (35) includes a cylinder case (36) coaxially disposed on the other end side of the main shaft (12), and is integrally connected to the main shaft (12). The piston (37) is slidably fitted inside At the same time, the piston (37) is connected to the other end of the rod (25), and is inserted into the cylinder case (36) via a rotary joint (40) provided at the other end of the rod (25). A centering machine comprising a head moving device (5) for supplying hydraulic oil and moving the head case (11) in an axial direction . 2. A centering machine according to claim 1, wherein a clamping device (55) for clamping a workpiece (W) is disposed axially outward of a spindle (12) of the centering machine , and the clamping device (55) is connected to the spindle. (12) a clamp moving device (46) for moving in a direction perpendicular to the axis, and a work support (75) for receiving a work (W) is provided at one end of the clamp device (55) in the moving direction; The clamp device (55) includes a push arm (57) that is reciprocated by a cylinder (70) in a direction orthogonal to the axis of the main shaft (12), and is opposed to both sides of the push arm (57). A pair of swing arms (58, 59) that can swing about an axis parallel to the main shaft (12), a push arm (57) and each of the swing arms (58, 59) are connected and pushed. A An arm interlocking mechanism (65) for oscillating each of the oscillating arms (58, 59) in an approaching direction and a separating direction by forward and backward movements of the arm (57). Work support device.

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