JPS5834495A - Music arrangement system - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a notation method for processing a musical piece by voice or keyboard performance into a musical score, and in particular to a method for artificially assigning a reference tempo clock necessary for quantizing note lengths. This is related to the notation method that was used.

When trying to transcribe a musical piece played on a keyboard into a musical score using a computer, the input information requires pitch and length information, and the quantization of note length requires the tempo of the musical piece to be quantized. It is necessary to determine the basic time length (say, 1 second). Conventionally, as a means of specifying the note length during such transcription operations, an external oscillator, that is, a rhythm box, is installed, and the rhythm box that is generated from this is used. Note lengths are assigned based on the tempo clock.

However, in this case, when the performer plays a song that he or she already knows or has written on a musical score, he or she can easily perform the song in accordance with the tempo clock generated from the rhythm box. When composing a song, it is extremely difficult to play or sing along with a rhythm that is given to you unilaterally. In this way, when transcribing while playing or singing while constantly refining the melody, being forced to match the tempo clock that is unilaterally given regardless of the will of the transcription device user makes it difficult to use the device's power. In addition to not being able to accurately transcribe the music, it also had the drawback of not being able to produce the music that the composer intended.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems, and is configured so that the tempo speed can be specified arbitrarily according to the will of the operator, thereby allowing the operator to accurately refine the melody as intended. The purpose of the present invention is to provide an easy-to-operate music transcription system.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an example of the notation method according to the present invention, in which / indicates a keyboard device constituting an input means for pitch selection; D and a request signal RQ/ (including key-on and key-off signals) corresponding to the operating state of the keys are sent out, and among these, the pitch data D is sent to the central processing unit 3 (hereinafter referred to as CPU) via the data pasco. The data is read in, and an interrupt command for reading the data is issued by applying a request signal RQ/ from the keyboard device/ to the CPU 3. In addition, the CPU 3 and random access memory (hereinafter referred to as RAM) tI:b
and read-only memory (hereinafter abbreviated as ROM) S are connected via the data path controller, and the RAM
In II, pitch data and note/rest length data that have been arithmetic processed by the CPU 3 are stored as program commands i: necessary for musical transcription processing.

Reference numeral 6 is a counter for extracting note/rest length data.
The counter 6 is operated to count up by a clock φ from a clock generating means (not shown), and a latch circuit is connected to the counter 6 to latch the counted contents. The content of the N1 number is taken in by the CPU 3vc via the data passco when a request signal RQco, which will be described later, is applied to the CPU3 as an interrupt command. The request signal -RQ is sent to the timing control circuit g.
This request signal RQ,
2 and the request signal RQ/ from the keyboard device/ are applied as latch signals to the latch circuit 7 via an OR gate 9, and the timing control circuit g is also provided with a tempo signal which is the basis of note length. A switch means for specifying the ticking speed, such as a foot switch IO power 2, is connected, and this foot switch IO is operated ON-OFF in accordance with the tempo of the ticking by a human, and is operated by the foot, for example. The tempo tick rate at this time is not constant like the tempo clock generated by general rhythm boxes, but can be set arbitrarily to slow down or speed up according to the will of the operator. . Furthermore, when the foot switch IO is turned on, the signal is input to the timing control circuit g, which operates the timing circuit g to send the request signal R.
Q and 2 are sent, and a clear signal CL is sent out to the counter 6 with a slight delay.

Next, the score recording operation of the present invention configured as described above will be explained with reference to FIGS. 2(a) and 2(b).

During music transcription, when an idea melody or a known piece of music is played by keyboard operation, a request signal RQ/ requesting data transfer from the keyboard device is generated for each key operation, and this request signal RQ/ becomes an interrupt signal. Te CP
It is applied to the lNTl terminal of Uj and also to the latch circuit via OR gate 9. When an interrupt command is added to lNTl, the CPU? executes the process shown in FIG. 2(a)K in response to program instructions stored in the ROM, t. That is, by adding an interrupt command to lNTl, in step S/, key data (pitch data) associated with key operations is fetched via the CPU 3 and data pathco, and written into the RAM by address designation. Then, in the next step S-, the request signal RQ/ is applied to the latch circuit via the OR gate 9, so that the count value of the counter 6 at that moment is taken into the latch circuit, and the latch circuit 7 The value latched in is taken into one of the predetermined memory areas of 1-RAM+ via note/rest length data and L″rcPU, ?.Then, the process moves to step S3 and the next note/rest length data is taken in. Update the RAM pointer for rest length data.

Hereinafter, each time the request signal RQ/ is applied to the CPUj as an interrupt command by a key operation on the keyboard device l, the process shown in FIG.
) is the step S/~S3 of the 7 switch IO.
This process is repeated until N operations are performed.

On the other hand, when the foot switch IO, which is operated at a tempo of one measure, is turned on, the signal is sent to the timing control circuit g.
When the switch-on signal rises, the request signal RQ is applied to the latch circuit via the OR gate 9, thereby latching the count contents of the counter 6 corresponding to the tempo interval to the latch circuit 7. At the same time, C
Request signal RQ applied to INT2 terminal of PU3
J takes in the time data for one tempo latched by the latch circuit 7 into the CPUj. After a slight delay, a clear signal CL is sent from the timing control circuit, thereby clearing the counter 6. Also, the request signal RQ, 2 is the CPU, ? 1 [NT2 terminal, the tone length data quantization process shown in the flowchart of FIG. 2(b) is executed by the program command read from ROMj'.

That is, the CPU? Request signal RQ is sent to the INT2 terminal of
When this is added, first, in step Sda, the RAM into which the note/rest length data was written in the data import flow is
Return the memory area pointer in II to its initial state. That is, the first address of the memory area is specified. Then, proceed to the next step S, 5-, and convert the count contents of the counter 6 (count value corresponding to one tempo interval) T to C.
Import PU3VC. Then within the measure (during the I tempo interval)
The tone length tn of all the note data taken in is normalized by T. This process is performed in steps S6 to Sg,
In step S6, RAM! The note/rest length data imported into the memory area with the pointer L is read from its first address, and 1// is calculated between the note length t of the read note data and T (tn4
-"'/T), the calculation result is taken in and stored again at the first address. Next, in step S7, the pointer is updated and the address next to the first address is specified, and
Step SJ [Determine whether reading of the data read into the memory area of the RAM is completed. If the determination result is No, the process moves to step S6 and tn
+F/1 processing is performed. The processing from Steps 56 to Sg is continued until the memory area reaches the final address due to pointer updating.

Then, if the determination result at step S becomes YES,
Proceed to step S9, initialize the pointer,
-Perform note length quantization processing based on the data in the memory area rewritten in step 4. That is, step SI
In O, data t at adjacent addresses in the memory area
Read nItn-1 to find jnLn-1, which is quantized. For example, tn=0.85, tll, -
1=0.61, then tn-tn1=0.
24, and if the song should be transcribed in four-time signature, then
This will be assigned. The tone length data quantized in this way is stored in the RAM 4 along with the pitch data.
' is stored as regular musical tone data in other memory areas.

Further, such quantization processing is sequentially repeated according to the number of data taken into the memory area (the number of key data taken in one tempo interval) as the pointer is updated in the step S saw, and In step S/j, when it is determined that the quantization assignment of note lengths for all data has been completed, the process moves to step S/j and the memory area in RAM 1 used to take in the count value data from counter 6 is stored. Clear the data to end the quantization job for data captured during one tempo interval.

In the same way, the key data imported by key operations on the keyboard @l is processed by the processing programs shown in Figures 2 (a) and (b) for each tempo (every bar) that is set by the foot switch /θ. This is executed, and the song played by the user is transcribed as a musical score.

In addition, in the above embodiment, the foot switch 10 is operated once.
Although it is set in units of measures, it may also be set in units of one beat.

In this case, a beat counter is provided internally so that the process shown in FIG. 2(b) is executed when there is a strong beat, and no other process is required. The strong beat may be determined by referring to each counter value depending on how many nights the song is written. In addition, the input device for music is not limited to the keyboard device as in the embodiment, but for example, a device is provided that extracts the pinch of musical tones such as voice and quantizes it into each pitch. It can also be used in place of a keyboard.

In addition, the musical score data stored in the RAM can be output to a display device such as a CRT or a printer to visually display it as a musical score, if necessary, and can also be used for automatic performance by supplying it to a tone generator. can. It is also possible to change and modify musical score data using instructions from the keyboard.

As described above, according to the method of the present invention, note lengths are quantized using the tempo recorded by a human as the time standard, so that when transcribing the score, it is possible to perform in accordance with the tempo given unilaterally by the machine. The music transcription system can be transcribed at the user's preferred tempo without having to do so, making the transcription system extremely easy to use. Furthermore, when performing compositions such as poems, humans usually do not perform at a constant tempo from beginning to end, but rather change the tempo considerably in order to express various expressions, but even in that case, it is not possible to perform at a constant tempo from beginning to end. This has the effect of making it possible to accurately transcribe music.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an example of the scoring method according to the present invention, and FIGS. 2(a) and 2(b) are flowcharts of the scoring processing method according to the present invention. /...keyboard device (input means), controller...data node, 3...CPUXII...RAMX, t...RO
M, 4...Counter, 7...Latch circuit, g...
Timing control circuit, de...OR gate, IO...
7-point switch (tempo switch means). Sai 1 Zuko 2 Da (no (to)

Claims (1)

[Claims] In a notation method that quantizes the pitch and length of musical sound information input from a keyboard etc. and converts it into a musical score, it has a means for detecting the tempo recorded by a human, and uses the tempo detected by this detection means as a time reference to calculate the note length. A notation method characterized by quantization of .