JPH05173563A - Automatic music playing device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To generate automatic performance data which is high in performance effect and not mechanical, gives an expression rich in humanness through easy operation. CONSTITUTION:Respective time data of the automatic performance data which are inputted by real-time input operation or step input operation are quantized in time units of a 32th note. In concrete, time corrections are so made that respective note-ON time positions are 00H, 03H, 06H, 09H.... Here, the time corrections are made so that time data determining note-ON timing nearby the head of a 3rd beam such as the time positions 30H or 31H indicate not the time position 30H, but the time position 29H. Thus, the position of the quantization is shifted for only a specific beat or the 3rd beat.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an automatic performance device capable of correcting the timing of automatic performance.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, in order to perform an automatic performance by a sequencer, the automatic performance data is created by a real-time input method or a step input method.

In the real-time input method, performance data obtained from an electronic musical instrument or the like by a player's actual performance is
This is a system in which time data indicating the occurrence timing is sequentially stored in a memory or the like as automatic performance data.

Here, for example, when the performer plays on the keyboard in accordance with the rhythm of the rhythm machine, especially in the case of a beginner, the rhythm of the performance may deviate from the rhythm of the rhythm machine. Such a deviation causes the harmony of the performance when the automatic performance based on the automatic performance data including the automatic performance is matched with the automatic performance based on the other automatic performance data.

Therefore, in order to correct such a deviation between the performance input timing and the normal timing, a deviation equal to or less than a predetermined minimum note length is forcibly set to a timing with the minimum note length as a unit. Data operation is performed such that the time data is rewritten so as to match and the time data is adjusted to the correct note position and length according to the musical score. Such data manipulation is generally called quantize (normalization).

[0006] However, when the actual performance of the automatic performance data that has been quantized in this way is actually reproduced, the performance becomes a mechanical performance with little interest. Such a problem also occurs when the automatic performance data is created by the step input method.

In the case of the step input method, the sound length data is
It is represented by the number of MIDI clocks corresponding to the note length of the note from note-on to note-off. For example, a quarter note corresponds to 24 MIDI clocks, and the tone length data has a value of 24. The performer specifies each note name along with the note length of each note expressed in such units.

As described above, when the tone length data of each note of the automatic performance data is created by the step input method and the automatic performance is performed, the automatic performance based on the quantized automatic performance data is performed as in the case of the automatic performance. Although the tempo, rhythm, and pitch are accurate, the performance is mechanical and uninteresting compared to the performance of the performer. This is because the note length data is exactly the same as the musical score, and the quarter note is 24 and the eighth note is 12 at any position of the music, which is too accurate.

With respect to the above-mentioned problems, recently,
For example, a method that directly performs a quantize with a certain time width during real-time input, or a method that adds a time lag to the once quantized time data.
It is designed to give the performance a natural feel. The latter method further includes a method of automatically adding a random time shift to the time data and a method of manually correcting each data.

[0010]

However, in the method of directly performing the quantizing with a certain time width at the time of real-time input, the temporal randomness makes the naturalness of the performance only when the player is skilled in real-time input performance to some extent. It is often the case that there is a certain temporal tendency such as the habit of the performer.
Therefore, this method has a problem that it cannot be said to be very effective for a beginner.

On the other hand, in the method of automatically adding a random time lag to the quantized time data, the mechanical feeling is eliminated to some extent, but the time lag is completely random, and There is a problem that the effect is not so high in terms of naturalness.

Further, the method of manually making corrections for each data has a problem in that it requires musical knowledge and experience and a huge amount of work, which is not general. An object of the present invention is to make it possible to create automatic performance data that is highly mechanical and has a human-like, expressive power that is highly mechanical and has a simple performance.

[0013]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is premised on an automatic performance device for automatically playing a musical instrument based on automatic performance data consisting of performance information and time data indicating execution timing of each performance information.

First, there is a beat detecting means for detecting the position and type of the beat during the automatic performance based on the time data. This means is a means for detecting the beat position and the bar line position by counting the timing from the start of the automatic performance, and detecting the beat type such as what beat each beat position corresponds to in each bar. is there.

Next, the execution timing of each performance information is normalized (quantized) by a predetermined time unit, and in that case, it corresponds to the position of each beat according to the position and type of the beat detected by the beat detecting means. It has a timing correction means for correcting the normalized position of the execution timing of the performance information. This means is a means for correcting the normalized position of the execution timing of the performance information corresponding to the position of each beat of a predetermined type (for example, the third beat in each measure) detected by the beat detection means. .. Further, the same means is means for correcting only the normalized position of the execution timing of predetermined performance information such as a note-on event.

Here, when the automatic performance data is generated by the step input method, it is not necessary to normalize the execution timing of each performance information, and the timing correction means is the beat detected by the beat detection means. It is possible to perform only the operation of correcting the execution timing of the performance information corresponding to the position of each beat in accordance with the position and type of.

[0017]

In the present invention, when time normalization (quantization) is performed on the automatic performance data generated by the real-time input method, the position of each beat is detected according to the position and type of the beat detected by the beat detecting means. By correcting the normalization position of the execution timing of the performance information corresponding to, it is possible to add a habit to the normalization processing of that time, and it is possible to create automatic performance data that is not mechanical and has a rich human touch.

Here, for example, only the normalized position of the execution timing of the performance information corresponding to the position of each beat of a predetermined type (for example, the third beat in each measure) detected by the beat detecting means is corrected. Thus, by correcting only the normalization position of the execution timing of predetermined performance information such as a note-on event, it is possible to add more delicate expression power to the automatic performance.

Also, for the automatic performance data generated by the step input method, the execution timing of the performance information corresponding to each beat position is corrected according to the position and type of the beat detected by the beat detecting means. As a result, the same operation can be achieved.

[0020]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the drawings.
Examples will be described. In the present embodiment, the quarter meter (1
Of a music played in 4 bars of a quarter note)
The performance data is recorded in real time, and the recorded performance is recorded.
Of each note-on of the automatic performance performed based on the performance data
Quantize the timing and follow the timing of the score
The note-on tag near the beginning of the third beat.
The imming is slightly shifted to give a feeling similar to that of the performer.
It realizes automatic performance. Constitution FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the overall configuration of one embodiment according to the present invention.
It is a diagram.

The note number output from the keyboard 1 by the player's performance, event data such as note-on / note-off, and performance data such as velocity data are CP.
It is input to the control unit in the U (central processing unit) 3. The control unit is connected to an external storage device 4, for example, a RAM (Random AccessMe) via a write / read device such as an address circuit.
mory) control the writing and reading of performance data.

The timer unit in the CPU 3 is a hardware timer and generates a tempo clock whose 96 clock period corresponds to one bar (4 beats). The period of the tempo clock is set by a tempo setting dial (not shown) in the function key 2, real-time automatic performance data is recorded in synchronization with this clock, and the automatic performance is performed automatically.

As described above, the CPU 3 measures the generation timing of performance data from the keyboard 1 by the timer section,
The resulting time data is stored in the storage device 4 together with the performance data, and then reproduced.

Next, a musical tone signal is generated in the musical tone generating circuit 5 based on the automatic performance data output from the CPU 3, and then a musical tone is emitted from the speaker 7 via the amplifier 6.

With respect to the operation of this embodiment, the operation of the performer during the normal performance, the operation of recording the automatic performance data, the operation during the normal automatic performance performed by the recorded automatic performance data, and the operation of the quantizing process will be described below. Will be explained in that order. Operation during the normal performance of the performer First, an explanation will be given of the operation in the normal performance by the performer.

FIG. 2 is a main operation flowchart executed by the CPU 3. First, step S201
Then, as the initial processing, all flags, registers, timers, counters and the like for sound generation control and sequence processing are reset.

Next, in step S202, all keys in the keyboard 1 and the function switch 2 in FIG. 1 are scanned to determine whether or not there is a key input. If there is no key input, the process proceeds to a timer process described later, but if there is a key input, it is determined in step S203 which key has been operated.

When a normal performance operation is performed on the keyboard 1, the process proceeds from step S203 to step S205, and the CP process is executed at step S401 of the keyboard process of FIG.
Since the sequencer status, which is a register indicating the state of the sequencer provided in the control unit of U3, is in the state of "stop" (initialized in step S201 of FIG. 2), the process proceeds to the sound module data control process of step S402. ..

In this tone generation module data control process,
Sounds such as address of waveform data of PCM sound source for attack and release, envelope data, read step width of waveform memory corresponding to note number, pitch control data such as vibrato and pitch bend for on / off of keyboard 1 The data necessary for the above are set in the storage device 4.

Next, through a timer process (step S208 in FIG. 2) which will be described later, each data required for sound generation set in the storage device 4 is converted into a sound data control process (step S208).
In 209), it is sent to the tone generation circuit 5 and sound is generated.
After that, the flow loop flag register process of step S210 is performed, and the process returns to step S203. Recording Operation of Automatic Performance Data First, the elapsed time timer, the rec data register, the 1/96 processing counter, the timer processing, and the memory timer processing related to the recording operation will be described.

The elapsed time timer provided in the control unit of the CPU 3 shown in FIG. 1 is a register indicating at which position in each bar an event occurs, and the next event after the previous event is written. The time until it is generated is counted by the tempo clock whose unit is 1/96 of the time of one measure. The counted data is the time data of the automatic performance data, and the maximum value of the count is 60H.
(H indicates a hexadecimal value, and 60H corresponds to a decimal value of 96).

FIG. 11 shows a rec (record) time data register of 1 byte and a rec in the CPU 3, respectively.
The (record) command register is shown. These 2-byte data are collectively called a rec (record) data register. The rec time data register is set to any of the elapsed time timer values 00H to 60H. In addition, in the rec command register, the key o
The note number 00H to 3DH is set in the first bit of the flag indicating n / off and in the 6th bit after the third bit. The second bit is fixed to the value 0.

Here, the maximum value of time data that can be set in the rec time data register is up to 60H. Therefore, when the time data exceeds 60H, the maximum value 60H is set in the rec time data register and the value FEH indicating the time excess is set in the rec command register. Further, in the final part of the data, the value FFH indicating the data end is set in the rec command register.

Next, the 1/96 processing counter Rc provided in the control unit of the CPU 3 shown in FIG. 1 is a register that represents the time required for each round of the main operation flow shown in FIG. Now, in the timer unit in the CPU 3 of FIG.
For each round of the main operation flow, the time is measured in units of 1/96 of the time corresponding to one bar (varies depending on the tempo). Then, this measured value is stored in the 1/96 processing counter Rc in the timer processing (step S208 in FIG. 2) executed for each round of the main operation flow, and then accumulated in the elapsed time timer.

When the note-on or note-off event occurs, the value of the elapsed time timer is stored in the automatic performance data storage area of the storage device 4 as the time data of the event in the keyboard processing of step S205 of FIG. Written.

The control of this elapsed time timer is as shown in FIG.
This is the timer process of step S208. FIG. 7 shows a detailed operation flowchart thereof. First, step S70
In 1, the elapsed time from the previous timer processing is accumulated in the work area for rhythm counter and the work area for sound generation control. This elapsed time is, as described above, the CPU of FIG.
In the timer section in 3, the time is measured in units of 1/96 of the time corresponding to one bar (varies depending on the tempo).

In the next step S702, the value measured by the timer section is stored in the 1/96 processing counter Rc. Next, the repetition of the processing of steps S703 to S706 is processing for accumulating the value of the 1/96 processing counter Rc in the elapsed time timer. In this case, step S703
While the value of Rc is incremented by -1, the value of the elapsed time timer is incremented by +1 in step S706 until the value falls below 0. Then, each time, it is monitored whether or not the value of the elapsed time timer exceeds the maximum value 60H, and if it exceeds, the necessary control is executed.

First, in step S703, 1/9
The value of the 6 processing counter Rc is decremented by one. Next, if the pronunciation of the rhythm is on, the determination in step S704 is YES and the necessary processing for reproducing the rhythm pattern is performed in step S705 (this part is not particularly related to the present invention). , And proceeds to the memory timer process of step S706.

A detailed operation flow chart of the memory timer process is shown in FIG. In step S801,
The status of the sequencer status is determined. Sequencer status is "stop" or "rec wait"
7 indicates that the elapsed time counter is unnecessary, the process returns to step S703 of FIG. 7 without performing any processing.

When the sequencer status is "rec", the value of the elapsed time timer is + in step S802.
1 is done. In the next step S803, the value of the elapsed time timer is 60H corresponding to one bar (9 in 10 progress values).
It is determined whether 6) has been reached.

If it has not reached 60H, step S80.
When the judgment of 3 becomes NO, the process is left as it is,
It returns to step S703 of the timer process of FIG. In this manner, until the value of the 1/96 processing counter Rc falls below 0 in step S703 of FIG. 7 (carry comes out at this time), in step S802 of FIG. 8 in the memory timer processing of step S706, the elapsed time is The timer value is incremented. As a result, the value of the elapsed time timer is advanced by the time it takes to complete the main operation flow.

Next, when it is determined in step S803 that the value of the elapsed time timer has reached 60H, step S8
At 04, the value FEH indicating the time excess is set in the rec command register shown in FIG. 11, and the maximum time data 60H is also set in the rec time data register.
The contents of these rec data registers are stored as automatic performance data at the address specified by the current write address in the automatic performance data storage area of the storage device 4. Further, the contents of the elapsed time timer are cleared. Then, it returns to step S703 of the timer process of FIG.

At the next timing when Rc = 0, if a carry occurs in the determination of step S703 of FIG. 7, the process proceeds to tone generation data time control of step S707,
Data such as the envelope and the pitch envelope are controlled according to the data in the work area for the sound generation control timer. This process is not particularly relevant to the present invention.

In the memory timer process of FIG. 8,
The process for proceeding from step S801 to S805 will be described later. Next, the recording operation of the automatic performance data, which is executed based on the timer process of step S208 of FIG. 2 during the recording operation of the automatic performance data, will be described.

First, rec in the function switch 2 of FIG.
When the (record) key is pressed, step S20 in FIG.
After 2 → S203, the process proceeds to the rec (record) flag process of step S204. Here, the status of the sequencer status is changed from "stop" to "rec wait".
The state is changed to (record standby) and the rhythm counter and elapsed time timer are cleared.

Then, in order to start the recording operation, as shown in FIG.
When the start / stop key in the function switch 2 is pressed, the process proceeds to the memory start / stop processing of step S206. A detailed operation flowchart of this processing is shown in FIG.

First, in step S301, the state of the sequencer status is determined. Since the status of the sequencer status is currently "rec wait", the process proceeds to step S302 and the status of the sequencer status is "r".
ec ”and the rhythm for accompaniment is started.

Next, when the player plays the keyboard 1, the keyboard processing of step S205 of FIG. 2 is executed. In the operation flowchart of FIG. 4 corresponding to this processing, the state of the sequencer status is determined in step S401. Since the current state is "rec", the process proceeds to step S403, and the value of the elapsed time timer, that is, the time from the previous event to the current event is
It is set in the rec time data register of FIG. Also, the operation key number (note number) of the keyboard 1 that has been played is recorded in the key number area of the rec command register in FIG. 11, and on / o in the area of the on / off flag.
ff information is set.

Then, in step S404, the contents of the set 2-byte rec data register are written to the address designated by the current write address in the automatic performance data storage area of the storage device 4, and then the current write is performed. The value 2 is added to the embedded address. The current write address is the final address of the automatic performance data written in the automatic performance data storage area of the storage device 4. After that, the elapsed time timer is cleared.

Thereafter, the sounding module data control process of step S402 is executed and the step S205 of FIG.
Then, the keyboard processing of step S209 is ended, the timer processing of step S209 is further executed, and the elapsed time timer starts counting again.

Step S202 of FIG. 2 including the above operation
The recording operation of the automatic performance data is realized by repeating the processes of to S210. Finally, when the start / stop key in the function key 2 of FIG. 1 is operated,
From step S203 to the memory start / stop processing of step S206. Then, in FIG. 3 corresponding to this processing, step S301 to step S30
4, the process proceeds to S305, the value of the elapsed time timer and the end command FFH are set in the rec data register of FIG. 11, and are written in the automatic performance data storage area of the storage device 4.

Thereafter, in step S306, the state of the sequencer status is changed to the state of "stop", the pronunciation of the rhythm is stopped, and data is set so as to rapidly release all the musical tones currently being produced. hand,
Returning to the main operation flow of FIG. Operation during Normal Automatic Performance Next, processing when a normal automatic performance is performed based on the recorded performance data will be described.

First, the sequencer status is "sto
When the start / stop key in the function key 2 of FIG. 1 is operated in the state of “p”, the process proceeds to the memory start / stop process of step S206 of FIG. 2, and from step S301 in FIG. 3 corresponding to this process. Step S303
Proceed to. Here, the sequencer status is "play.
Then, the head address of the automatic performance data storage area of the storage device 4 is set to the read address. Further, the elapsed time timer is cleared, the first time data is read from the automatic performance data storage area of the storage device 4, set in the waiting time data register provided in the control unit of the CPU 3, and the rhythm performance is performed. It will be started. After that, the process proceeds to the timer process of step S208 of FIG.

In the timer processing, steps S701 to S7
After 05, the memory timer process of step S706 is executed. In FIG. 8 corresponding to this processing, first, in step S801, it is determined what the current state of the sequencer status is. Since it is currently in the "playing" state, the process advances to step S805, and it is determined whether or not there is automatic performance data in the automatic performance data storage area of the storage device 4.

If it exists, in step S806, the first time data (for example, 28 of the initial time data of FIG. 12) is obtained.
When the value of the waiting time counter in which H) is set is decremented by 1 and a carry is not output, that is, if the value is not less than 0, this flow is left as it is, and FIG.
Return to the timer processing of.

In this way, when the value of the waiting time counter is incremented by -1 and becomes 0, a carry is detected in step S806 and the process proceeds to step S807. here,
One byte of event data (note-on data in the case of FIG. 12) is read from the automatic performance data storage area of the storage device 4, and the read address is incremented.

Next, in step S808, it is determined what the event data is. If the command is a note-on or note-off command, step S
At 810, it is further determined whether it is note-on / note-off, and according to the result, as in the case of the sound module data control process of the normal keyboard process of step S402 of FIG. Necessary pronunciation data is set in the pronunciation area of. Then, it progresses to step S811.

If it is determined in step S808 that the event data is a time overrun command, step S8
Proceed to 11. In step S811, one byte of time data (60H in the case of FIG. 12) next to the event data is read from the address indicated by the data read address in the automatic performance data storage area of the storage device 4, and the read address is incremented. To be done.

The time data thus read is set in the waiting time counter as waiting time data in step S812. After that, step S806
Returning to the subsequent waiting time processing, as described above, when the value of the waiting time counter is incremented by -1 again and the value of the waiting time counter is less than 0 and a carry is generated, the next event data is determined in step S807. Is read for 1 byte.

When the reproduction of the automatic performance data is repeated as described above and it is determined in step S808 that the end command has been read, step S809 is performed.
Then, all the tones currently being pronounced are released rapidly, and the rhythm performance is stopped. After that, the normal processing is returned to.

The above is the operation when the automatic performance data is reproduced by real-time input. Operation of Quantize Processing Next, a case where the quantize processing is applied to the automatic performance data recorded as described above will be described.

First, when a quantize key (not shown) in the function key 2 of FIG. 1 is pressed, step S of FIG.
The process proceeds from 203 to the quantizing process in step S207. The detailed operation flowchart of the quantizing process is
It is shown in FIG.

In step S501, it is determined whether or not the status of the sequencer status is "stop".
If this determination is YES, initial processing is performed in step S502. Here, the time counter Tc
And the beat counter Hc is cleared. Time counter Tc
Indicates the elapsed time from the start point of automatic performance,
The position of the bar line is fixed by this time counter Tc. The beat counter Hc is a counter that represents the first to fourth beats with the values 0, 1, 2, and 3, respectively. The time counter Tc and the beat counter Hc are held in the control unit of the CPU 3 as a 1-byte register as shown in FIG. Further, the read start address is set to the data read address of the automatic performance data storage area of the storage device 4. Further, the head flag indicating the head of each bar is set to the value 1, and the next step S503.
Go to.

In step S503, the first 2-byte automatic performance data is read from the automatic performance data storage area of the storage device 4, and in the next step S504, the event data is determined.

If the event is over time, step S
Returning to 503, and in case of data end, returns to the main operation flow of FIG. If the event is note-on / note-off, the time data between the events is added to the time counter Tc in step S505. For example, in the case of FIG. 12, there is a note-on event after the time data value 28H, but the time counter Tc (=
This time data value is added to 0) and the value is 28H.
Becomes This is 28H from the bar line (40 in decimal)
Means that there is a note-on event at the position.

Next, in order to determine the beat of the bar including the note-on event, the time counter Tc is determined in step S506.
Is greater than or equal to the number of quarter note clocks corresponding to the time of one beat, which is 18H (decimal value 24). As a result, if 18H or more, step S5
At 07, 18H is subtracted from the value of the time counter Tc,
In step S508, the beat counter Hc is incremented. In the case of FIG. 12, the time counter Tc = 28H
Therefore, 18H is subtracted and Tc = 10H, Hc = 1
(Second beat). That is, as can be seen from the explanatory diagram of FIG. 9, in the case of the above example, it is understood that the note-on event exists at the position indicated by Tc = 10H at the first beat.

Thereafter, in step S509, it is determined whether or not the beat counter Hc is 4. For example, if the value of the time counter Tc is 60H at the beginning,
Since the time counter Tc = 0 and the beat counter Hc = 4 in the third loop processing of steps S506 to S509 → step S506, the determination in step S509 is Y.
It becomes ES. Then, in step S510, the beat counter Hc is cleared, and in step S511, the head flag is set. In such a case, it means that the next measure has been reached after the fourth beat of the current measure.

In the case of FIG. 12, the determination is NO and the process returns to step S506. As a result, since Tc = 10H <18H, the process proceeds to step S512. Here, it is determined whether the event being read is a note-on event or a note-off event. If it is a note-off event, quantize is not executed and step S
Return to 503.

If it is a note-on event, step S
Proceed to time correction processing of 513. A detailed operation flowchart of this processing is shown in FIG. First, step S
At 601, the value 1 is entered in the reference value register X, which is a register in the control unit of the CPU 3.

In the next step S602, it is determined whether or not the value of the beat counter Hc is 0 (first beat) or 2 (third beat). This makes note-on event 1
It is determined whether or not it is the third beat or the third beat. As described above, in this embodiment, the musical sound is composed of four beats,
Whether or not the time is corrected is determined depending on the start of the beat of the note-on event.

Since the beat counter Hc is currently 1 (second beat), the routine proceeds to step S610, where the value of the time counter Tc (= 10H) and the value of the reference value register X (= 1).
H) is compared.

In this case, since T> X, step S
Proceeding to 612, it is determined here whether the value of the reference value register X is 16H. If this determination is YES, the processing is terminated, but if this determination is NO, step S
At 610, the value 3 is added to the reference value register X.

By the steps S601 and S610, the value of the reference value register X is set to the actual position of the 32nd note when the time of one bar consisting of 4 quarter notes is 60H (decimal value 96). 00H, 03H, 06H, 09
01H, 0 which is obtained by adding 1 to each numerical value of H, ...
The value increases by 3 like each numerical value of 4H, 07H, 0AH ....

Depending on whether the event read from the automatic performance data storage area of the storage device 4 occurs before or after such X, the event occurrence time is one of X. It is forced to the previous position, that is, the position of the 32nd note. This is the quantizing process.

Next, for example, steps S610 → S61.
When the value of the reference value register X becomes 04H → 07H → 10H by the loop process of 1 → S612 → S610, time counter Tc = reference value register X, and the process proceeds to step S615. Here, the value 1 is subtracted from 28H, which is the time data of the current event, and the same address in the automatic performance data storage area of the storage device 4 is stored in FIG.
The time data 27H is rewritten as shown in FIG.

As described above, the note-on event (28H of the second beat in FIG. 9) which is one tempo clock cycle after the position of the 32nd note (27H) is 32 by the quantizing process.
This is an example in which the time is corrected to the position of the quarter note (27H). However, for example, when there is a note-on at the position of 23H in FIG. 9, the operation is as follows.

That is, in the same manner as described above, 18H is subtracted in step S507 of FIG. 5 to set Tc = 0BH, and the value of the reference value register X is changed from 01H → 04H → ・ by the loop processing of steps S610 to S612 of FIG.・ ・ →
When changing from 0AH to 0DH, it is determined that Tc <X in step S611, and also in step S613.
It is determined that c <X-1. Therefore, step S614
Then, the value 1 is added to 23H of the time data of the current event, and the 24H time data corresponding to the position of the 32nd note is rewritten in the automatic performance data storage area of the storage device 4 having the same address as before. To be done.

The two examples described above (Tc = 28H and 23H
9) is the quantizing process for the note-on of the second beat, but in another example of FIG.
The same quantizing process is performed on the note-on of the eighth note at 5H, and the time is corrected to the position of the 32nd note at 54H.

Next, the time correction for the note-on of the first beat and the third beat will be described. Of these, the correction of the third beat is particularly relevant to the present invention. First, in FIG. 6 corresponding to the time correction processing of step S513 of FIG. 5, when the process proceeds to step S602 as described above, 1
In the case of the note-on event of the third beat and the third beat, the determination is YES because the beat counter Hc is 0 or 2.
It proceeds to step S603.

Here, the value of the time counter Tc and the value of the reference value register X are compared. Here, as an example of the quantizing process, a case of a note-on event at the position 31H, which is near the beginning of the third beat in FIG. 9, will be described.

When the time position is 31H, when 18H is pulled twice in step S507 in FIG. 5 and Tc = 01H, the determination in step S603 is made by the time counter Tc.
= The reference value register X.

Next, in step S605, it is determined whether there is a head flag (whether it is 1 or not). Currently 3
Since it is the beat, there is no head flag, and the process proceeds to step S607. Here, the value 2 is subtracted from the time data 31H of the current event, and 29H is rewritten to the same address in the automatic performance data storage area of the storage device 4.

Then, in step S608, the head flag is cleared, and the process returns to step S503 in FIG. 5 to return to the quantizing process for the next event. As a next example, a case where there is a note-on at the position of 30H which is the beginning of the third beat in FIG. 9 will be described.

In this case, similarly to the above, in step S507, the time counter Tc = 30 is changed to 18H twice.
Is subtracted, and Tc becomes 0H. Next, step S60
Since the determination of 3 is Tc <X and there is no head flag, the process proceeds to step S606. Here, the value 1 is subtracted from the current event time data 30H, and 29H is rewritten to the same address in the automatic performance data storage area of the storage device 4 in the automatic performance data storage area of the storage device 4.

As a result of the above time correction processing, the note-on event at the beginning of the third beat or at a position delayed by one tempo clock from the beginning is 3
By performing the time correction to the position of 29H, which is slightly deviated from the position of the half note (30H), a rhythm feeling similar to a non-mechanical live performance can be obtained.

If it is determined in step S605 that there is a leading flag, for example, 0 at the first beat in FIG.
This corresponds to the case of note-on at the position of 1H. First, the determination in step S603 is time counter Tc = reference value register X, and the flow advances to step S605. Since there is a head flag, the process further proceeds to step S606, where the value 1 is subtracted from the time data 01H of the current event, and the time data 00H is rewritten to the same address in the automatic performance data storage area of the storage device 4.

Next, when the time counter Tc <reference value register X is determined in step S603, it corresponds to, for example, the case where there is a note-on at 00H of the first measure in FIG. In this case, from step S603 to step S
The process proceeds to step 604, and since there is a leading flag, step S60
The determination of 4 is YES. Therefore, the time correction is not performed, only the head flag is cleared in step S608, and the process returns to the quantizing process in FIG.

Finally, the determination in step S603 is Tc.
> X, for example, 47H at the third beat in FIG.
This corresponds to the case of note-on at the position. in this case,
Since Tc = 17H, the determination in step S603 is Tc> X, and after the head flag is cleared in step S609, steps S610 → S611 → S612.
→ When the value of the reference value register X becomes 19H by the loop processing of S610, the determination in step S611 is T
c <X, and the determination in step S613 is YES. As a result, the value 1 is added to the time data 47H of the current event, and the value 48 corresponding to the position of the 32nd note is added.
H is rewritten to the same address in the automatic performance data storage area of the storage device 4.

As described above, in the present embodiment, when the note-on is at the start position of the third beat or at the position delayed by one tempo clock from the start, the value of the time data is 1 or Two clocks are subtracted, and the note-on timing is time-corrected to a position that is one tempo clock before the position of the 32nd note that is normalized by normal quantizing processing. Then, for the note-on other than this, the same processing as the conventional quantizing is performed. Other Embodiments In the present invention, the timing for shifting the quantize is
It is not limited to the third beat, but can be set to the beginning of any beat according to the number of beats of the music and the performance content. As described above, in the present invention, by shifting the quantize at the beginning of a predetermined beat, rather than randomly shifting it, it is possible to add a habit to the time lag, which is not mechanical and has a human-like expressive automatic. You can create performance data.

Further, it is possible not only to shift the quantize at the beginning of a predetermined beat, but also to change the quantize shift amount at the strong beat position and the weak beat position, for example. Further, the target of the quantizing process disclosed in the above-mentioned embodiment is not limited to the automatic performance data based on the real-time input, but the same applies to the automatic performance data created by the step input. it can.

[0091]

According to the present invention, when time normalization (quantization) is performed on the automatic performance data generated by the real-time input method, the position and type of the beat detected by the beat detecting means can be used. By correcting the normalization position of the execution timing of the performance information corresponding to the position of each beat, it is possible to add a habit to the normalization processing of that time, and automatic performance data that is not mechanical and has a rich human-like expressiveness. It is possible to create.

Here, for example, only the normalized position of the execution timing of the performance information corresponding to the position of each beat of a predetermined type (for example, the third beat in each measure) detected by the beat detection means is corrected. Therefore, by correcting only the normalized position of the execution timing of the predetermined performance information such as the note-on event, it is possible to add more detailed expression to the automatic performance.

Also for the automatic performance data generated by the step input method, the execution timing of the performance information corresponding to each beat position is corrected according to the position and type of the beat detected by the beat detecting means. As a result, the same effect can be achieved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of an embodiment according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a main operation flowchart of this embodiment.

FIG. 3 is an operation flowchart relating to start / stop processing.

FIG. 4 is an operation flowchart relating to keyboard processing.

FIG. 5 is an operation flowchart relating to a quantizing process.

FIG. 6 is an operation flowchart regarding time correction.

FIG. 7 is an operation flowchart relating to timer processing.

FIG. 8 is an operation flowchart relating to memory timer processing.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing changes in the timing of note-on before and after the quantizing process.

FIG. 10 is a configuration diagram of a beat counter and a time counter.

FIG. 11 is a configuration diagram of a rec data register.

FIG. 12 is a data configuration diagram of an automatic performance data storage area of the storage device 4 before the quantizing process.

FIG. 13 is a data configuration diagram of an automatic performance data storage area of the storage device 4 after the quantizing process.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 keyboard 2 function keys 3 CPU 4 storage device 5 tone generation circuit 6 amplifier 7 speaker

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. An automatic performance device for automatically playing a musical instrument based on automatic performance data consisting of performance information and time data indicating execution timing of each performance information, in an automatic performance device based on the time data. Beat detecting means for detecting the position and type, and normalizing the execution timing of each performance information in a predetermined time unit, and the position of each beat according to the position and type of the beat detected by the beat detecting means And a timing correction means for correcting the normalized position of the execution timing of the performance information corresponding to the above. 2. The timing correction means corrects only the normalized position of the execution timing of the performance information corresponding to the position of each beat of a predetermined type detected by the beat detection means. The automatic performance device according to claim 1. 3. The automatic performance device according to claim 1, wherein the timing correction means corrects only a normalized position of an execution timing of the predetermined performance information. 4. An automatic performance device for automatically playing a musical instrument based on automatic performance data consisting of performance information and time data indicating execution timing of each performance information. Beat detecting means for detecting the position and type, and timing correcting means for correcting the execution timing of the performance information corresponding to the position of each beat according to the position and type of the beat detected by the beat detecting means. An automatic musical instrument characterized by having. 5. The timing correction means corrects only the execution timing of the performance information corresponding to the position of each beat of a predetermined type detected by the beat detection means. The described automatic performance device. 6. The automatic performance device according to claim 4, wherein the timing correction means corrects only the execution timing of the predetermined performance information.