JP2518742B2 - Automatic playing device - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an automatic performance device suitable for use as an accompaniment means for singing, playing musical instruments, etc., in which the tempo of automatic performance follows the sounding tempo of externally input sounds such as singing voices and musical instrument sounds. This is intended to improve the accompaniment effect or the ensemble effect by automatically controlling so.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as an automatic musical instrument of an electronic musical instrument, the pitch of the key-depression data from the keyboard is compared with the pitch of the automatic musical performance data read from a memory or the like, and a coincidence signal is given on the condition that the two coincide. It is known that the tempo of the automatic performance is made to follow the tempo of the manual performance by controlling the frequency of the tempo clock signal for the automatic performance according to the coincidence signal (for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 57
-5098).

Another automatic musical instrument which can be controlled so that the tempo of the automatic musical instrument follows the tempo of the musical instrument's manual musical instrument is detected by detecting the level of an audio signal input from the musical instrument through a microphone or the like. It is known that a pulse is generated and the frequency of a tempo clock signal for automatic performance is controlled based on this pulse (for example, see Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 57-8598).

[0004]

The above-described automatic musical instrument playing device for an electronic musical instrument has a disadvantage that the automatic musical instrument is not accompanied unless the keyboard musical instrument can be played. That is, when singing a song using the electronic musical instrument as an accompaniment means or playing a musical instrument such as a piano or a violin, it is inconvenient for someone to operate the keyboard of the electronic musical instrument.

In addition, although the above-mentioned other automatic performance device does not have the above-mentioned inconvenience, it is impossible to distinguish the sound intended by the performer or the singer from the noise, and the tempo of the automatic performance is caused by the noise. There was an inconvenience that fluctuated.

An object of the present invention is to provide a novel automatic performance device which prevents tempo fluctuations in automatic performance due to unwanted input sounds such as noise.

[0007]

According to the present invention, for automatic performance, there is at least pitch information representing the pitch of a musical tone to be generated and time information for controlling the time of the musical tone to be generated. (A) an automatic performance device provided with a storage means (external storage device 10) for storing information, and a performance means for performing performance automatically by reading performance information from the storage means at a tempo corresponding to the reading speed, Pitch information generating means (latch circuit 36) for outputting the pitch information read from the storing means, and (b) an audio signal by receiving an audible sound generated at arbitrary timing independently of the automatic performance. Acoustic-electrical conversion means (acoustic-electrical converter 66) for converting into (c), and (c) pitch data of the audio signal from this acoustic-electrical conversion means is detected and corresponding pitch data Generated pitch detection means (floor name / key data conversion circuit 76 and key data conversion circuit 80) and (d) pitch data from this pitch detection means and pitch information from the information generation means are compared. Comparison means (comparison circuit 6) for generating a pitch match signal on condition that the pitches of the two match.
2), (e) instructing means (latch circuit 40) for instructing the timing of generating the automatic performance sound based on the time information read from the storing means, and (f) generation instructed by this instructing means. Deviation detecting means (counters 88, 104 and memory 100, for detecting a deviation in the timing of generation of the pitch coincidence signal with respect to the desired timing and generating a tempo control signal corresponding to the deviation.
114) and (g) by controlling the read speed of the playing means so as to reduce the deviation corresponding to the tempo control information from the deviation detecting means, the tempo of the automatic performance is made to match the pitch. It is characterized in that a tempo control means (variable tempo oscillator 84) for making the sounding tempo of the audible sound follow is provided.

[0008]

According to the structure of the present invention, when a musical instrument performance sound or a singing voice is input to the sound-electricity converting means along with the automatic performance, the tempo of the automatic performance is automatically adjusted to follow the tempo of the musical instrument performance or singing. Controlled. In the present invention, a match signal is generated on the condition that the pitch detected from the input sound matches a predetermined pitch, and tempo tracking control is performed based on this match signal. The tempo is not changed by the input sound or noise different from the predetermined pitch.

[0009]

1 and 2 show different parts of an automatic musical instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The external storage means 10 is composed of a magnetic card, a cassette tape, etc., and music score data corresponding to the content of a predetermined music piece is recorded therein. The musical score data includes, for example, main melody pitch data, lyrics data, main melody note length data, sub melody pitch data, sub melody note length data, chord name data, chord note length data, accompaniment pattern data, and tempo data. .

The data reading device 12 includes an external recording means 10.
The musical score data is read from and the write control signal WC for writing the read data RD in the internal storage device is generated.

Of the read data RD, the main melody pitch data and the lyrics data are written in the main melody pitch / lyric data memory 14 composed of a RAM (random access memory), and the data writing at this time is a write control signal. It is controlled by the write / read control circuit 16 responsive to WC. The main melody length data is written in the main melody length data memory 18 composed of RAM, and the data writing at this time is controlled by the write / read control circuit 20 in response to the write control signal WC.

The pitch data and the note length data of the sub-melody are RA
The data is written in the auxiliary melody data memory 22 composed of M, and the data writing at this time is performed in response to the write control signal WC.
It is controlled by the read control circuit 24.

Chord name data and chord note length data are in RAM
Is written in the accompaniment data memory 26, and the data writing at this time is controlled by the writing / reading control circuit 28 in response to the writing control signal WC. The chord name data expresses the chord to be pronounced by a combination of the root note name (for example, "C") and the chord type (for example, "Major").

The accompaniment pattern data is written in the accompaniment pattern data memory 30 composed of RAM, and the data writing at this time is controlled by the writing / reading control circuit 32 in response to the writing control signal WC.

The tempo data TMP is loaded into a register in the tempo control circuit 34 in response to the initial set signal IS included in the write control signal WC.

When the start / stop switch (not shown) is set to the start position after the data writing as described above is completed, the write / read control circuit 16 operates to cause the memory 14 to latch the latch circuit 36 for the first time. The pitch data corresponding to the main melody tone is read, and the language data corresponding to the first word of the lyrics is read from the memory 14 to the latch circuit 38. Further, due to the action of the write / read control circuit 20, the note length data corresponding to the first main melody is read from the memory 18 to the latch circuit 40.

At the same time, the tempo control circuit 34 sends out a tempo clock signal TCL having a frequency corresponding to the reference tempo indicated by the tempo data TMP. The tempo clock signal TCL is supplied to the writing / reading control circuit 32, and accordingly, the circuit 32 causes the memory 30 to output the rhythm pulse signal RP and the accompaniment timing signal AT in accordance with a specific accompaniment pattern.

The rhythm pulse signal RP is supplied to the percussion instrument sound forming circuit 42, which in response forms the percussion instrument sound signal. The formed percussion sound signal is a musical sound signal MS
As a speaker 46 through the output amplifier 44.
Is supplied to the speaker 46, an autorhythm sound is generated from the speaker 46.

In response to the setting of the start / stop switch to the start position, the writing / reading control circuit 24 reads the pitch data corresponding to the first sub-melody sound from the memory 22 to the sub-melody sound forming circuit 48, Following this, memory 2
The code length data corresponding to the first sub-melody is read from the code length measuring circuit 50 from 2.

The sub-melody sound forming circuit 48 forms the first sub-melody sound signal according to the read pitch data. The formed sub-melody sound signal is sent as the musical sound signal MS and supplied to the speaker 46 through the output amplifier 44, so that the speaker 46 generates the first sub-melody sound.

The code length measuring circuit 50 uses the tempo clock signal T
When counts the CL becomes the end of the first note length note length indicated by the data, and generates an output signal NX _a. The output signal MX _a is supplied to the write-read control circuit 24, the circuit 24 in accordance with this sequentially reads the pitch data and Fucho data corresponding to the second auxiliary melody sound from the memory 22. Since such a data reading operation is repeated in the same manner, it is possible to automatically generate the sub-melody sound based on the read data.

In response to the setting of the start / stop switch to the start position, the writing / reading control circuit 28 reads the chord name data corresponding to the first chord from the memory 26 to the key data forming circuit 52, and continues to this. Memory 2
The code length data corresponding to the first chord is read from 6 to the code length measuring circuit 54.

The key data forming circuit 52 forms key data corresponding to accompaniment tones (chords, bass tones, arpeggios, etc.) to be generated based on the read chord name data,
It is supplied to the accompaniment sound forming circuit 56 in accordance with the accompaniment timing signal AT from the memory 30.

The accompaniment sound forming circuit 56 forms accompaniment sound signals such as a chord signal, a bass sound signal and an arpeggio sound signal according to the supplied key data. Since these accompaniment sound signals are sent out as the musical sound signal MS and supplied to the speaker 46 via the output amplifier 44, the speaker 46 produces the first accompaniment sound.

The code length measuring circuit 54 uses the tempo clock signal T
When counts the CL becomes the end of the first note length note length indicated by the data, and generates an output signal NX _b. The output signal NX _b is supplied to the writing / reading control circuit 28, and in response thereto, the circuit 28 sequentially reads the chord name data and the note length data corresponding to the second chord from the memory 26. Then, since such a data reading operation is repeated in the same manner,
It is possible to automatically generate an accompaniment sound based on the read data.

After the automatic generation of the rhythm sound, the sub-melody and the accompaniment sound is started as described above, the mode selection switch 5
It is possible to turn on any of 8a to 58c to sing a song and to play an instrument such as a piano or a violin. Here, the switch 58a is a lyrics mode selection switch, and when this switch is turned on, tempo tracking control is performed for the lyrics. Further, the switch 58b is a floor name mode selection switch, and when this switch is turned on, tempo following control is performed for the floor name (do, re, mi ...). Further, the switch 58c is a pitch mode selection switch, and when the switch 58c is turned on, the tempo follow-up control is performed regarding the pitch.

Now, assuming that the lyrics mode selection switch 58a is turned on, the ON signal "1" at this time is supplied to the selector 60 as the selection signal SB for selecting the input B. Therefore, the selector 60 operates in the latch circuit 38.
The first language data from is selected and supplied to the comparison circuit 62.

The ON signal "1" of the switch 58a is also
Since it is supplied to the selector 64 as the selection signal SA for selecting the input A, the selector 64 is in the state of selecting the input A.

Assuming that the lyrics are sung in accordance with some of the automatic performance sounds described above, the acoustic-electrical converter 66 such as a microphone converts the singing voice into an audio signal AU and outputs the output amplifier 44 and the voice recognition device. Supply to 68.
The output amplifier 44 amplifies the audio signal AU and supplies it to the speaker 46, so that a singing voice is generated from the speaker 46.

The voice recognition device 68 detects the voice pattern of the audio signal AU and generates language data corresponding to the pronounced word, and this language data is supplied to the selector 64 as an input A. Therefore, the selector 64 supplies the language data corresponding to the first word sung to the comparison circuit 62.

The comparison circuit 62 compares the language data from the selector 60 with the language data from the selector 64, and if the first word of the lyrics matches the first word sung, the first match signal EQ. To occur. This coincidence signal EQ
Represents the first tone generation timing and is supplied to the tempo control circuit 34. In response to this, the first note length data LNG from the latch circuit 40 is preset in the same circuit 34.

Since the coincidence signal EQ is also supplied to the latch circuit 70 as the load signal L, the first pitch data is fetched from the latch circuit 36 to the latch circuit 70. Then, the first pitch data loaded in the latch circuit 70 is supplied to the main melody tone forming circuit 72, and in response thereto, the circuit 72 forms the first main melody tone signal. Since the formed main melody sound signal is supplied to the speaker 46 via the output amplifier 44, the first main melody sound is generated from the speaker 46 almost at the same time as the singing voice is generated.

The coincidence signal EQ is supplied to the write / read control circuits 16 and 20 as a read control signal, and is also supplied to the latch circuits 36, 38 and 40 as a load signal L. Therefore, the pitch data corresponding to the second main melody tone is read from the memory 14 to the latch circuit 36, and the language data corresponding to the second word of the lyrics is read from the memory 14 to the latch circuit 38. The code length data corresponding to the second main melody is read from 18 to the latch circuit 40.

Thereafter, when the singing voice corresponding to the second word of the lyrics is generated near the end of the note length indicated by the first note length data preset in the tempo control circuit 34,
This singing voice is converted into the audio signal AU in the same manner as described above, and is produced by the speaker 46. The audio signal AU at this time is converted into language data and supplied to the comparison circuit 62 in the same manner as described above, and is compared with the language data from the latch circuit 38. Therefore, the comparison circuit 62 generates the second match signal EQ.

The tempo control circuit 34 operates so as to increase or decrease the frequency of the tempo clock signal TCL depending on whether the generation timing of the coincidence signal EQ is earlier or later than the timing at which the first note length data should be sounded. . Therefore, the tempo of the automatic performance such as the above-mentioned rhythm sound, sub-melody sound, and accompaniment sound is controlled following the tempo of singing. The details of such a tempo control operation will be described later with reference to FIG. 3.

The second match signal EQ causes the tempo control circuit 34 to preset the second note length data LNG and causes the speaker 46 to generate the second main melody sound in the same manner as the last time, and further causes the latch circuit 36 to generate the second melody sound. Is the pitch data corresponding to the third main melody, the latch circuit 38 is the language data corresponding to the third word of the lyrics, and the latch circuit 40 is the note length data corresponding to the third main melody. Read. The data read operation and the tempo control operation as described above are similarly performed for the singing voices corresponding to the third and subsequent words of the lyrics.

Next, the operation when the floor name mode selection switch 58b is turned on will be described. In this case, switch 58b
The ON signal “1” of the selector 6 is transmitted via the OR gate 74 to the selector 6
0 is supplied as a selection signal SA for selecting the input A. Therefore, the selector 60 selects the first pitch data from the latch circuit 36 and supplies it to the comparison circuit 62.

The ON signal "1" of the switch 58b is also
Since it is supplied to the selector 64 as the selection signal SB for selecting the input B, the selector 64 is in the state of selecting the input B.

Here, if it is assumed that the floor name is sung in accordance with the above-mentioned various types of automatic performance sounds, the same sound as described above-
The electric converter 66 supplies the audio signal AU corresponding to the singing voice to the output amplifier 44 and the voice recognition device 68. Therefore, the speaker 46 generates a floor name sound, and the voice recognition device 68 generates language data corresponding to the floor name.

The language data from the voice recognition device 68 is supplied to the floor name / key data conversion circuit 76 and converted into corresponding key data. In this case, the key data is the memory 14
Similarly to the pitch data read from, the note code and the octave code are combined, and the octave determining data is supplied from the fundamental wave detection circuit 78 to which the audio signal AU is input.

The key data from the floor name / key data conversion circuit 76 is supplied to the selector 64 as an input B. Therefore, the selector 64 supplies the key data corresponding to the first sung name to the comparison circuit 62.

The comparison circuit 62 compares the pitch data from the selector 60 with the key data from the selector 64. If both data match in pitch, the first match signal E
Generate Q. The operation based on the coincidence signal EQ is the same as that described above regarding the lyrics mode.

After that, when a singing voice corresponding to the second floor name is generated and its pitch matches the pitch indicated by the second pitch data from the latch circuit 36, the comparison circuit 62 outputs 2
The second coincidence signal EQ is generated. The operation based on the coincidence signal EQ is the same as that described above regarding the lyrics mode, and the same operation is repeated for the singing voices corresponding to the third and subsequent floor names.

Next, the operation when the pitch mode selection switch 58c is turned on will be described. In this case, switch 58
Since the ON signal “1” of c is supplied as the selection signal SA to the selector 60 via the OR gate 74, the selector 6
0 selects the first pitch data from the latch circuit 36 and supplies it to the comparison circuit 62 as in the case of the floor name mode.

The ON signal "1" of the switch 58c is also
Since it is supplied to the selector 64 as the selection signal SC for selecting the input C, the selector 64 is in the state of selecting the input C.

Assuming that a musical instrument such as a piano or a violin is played in accordance with the above-mentioned various types of automatic performance sounds, the acoustic-electrical converter 66 outputs the audio signal AU corresponding to the musical instrument sound as described above. It is supplied to the output amplifier 44 and the fundamental wave detection circuit 78. Therefore, the speaker 46 produces a musical instrument sound, and the fundamental wave detection circuit 78 produces frequency data corresponding to the detected fundamental wave.

The frequency data from the fundamental wave detection circuit 78 is supplied to the key data conversion circuit 80 and converted into corresponding or approximate key data. In this case, the key data, like the pitch data read from the memory 14, is composed of a combination of a note code and an octave code. In addition,
If the pitch data read from the memory 14 is frequency data, the key data conversion circuit 80 can be omitted.

The key data from the key data conversion circuit 80 is supplied as an input C to the selector 64. For this reason,
The selector 64 supplies the key data corresponding to the first musical instrument sound to the comparison circuit 62.

The comparison circuit 62 compares the pitch data from the selector 60 with the key data from the selector 64. If both data match in pitch, the first matching signal E
Generate Q. The operation based on the coincidence signal EQ is the same as that described in the lyrics mode.

After this, when the second musical instrument sound is generated and its pitch matches or approximates to the pitch indicated by the second pitch data from the latch circuit 36, the comparison circuit 62 causes the second The coincidence signal EQ is generated. The operation based on the coincidence signal EQ is the same as that described above in the lyrics mode, and the same operation is repeated for the third and subsequent instrument sounds.

Next, referring to FIG. 3 , the tempo control circuit 34
Will be described.

Tempo data T from the data reading device 12
MP is a register 82 according to the initial set signal IS.
Loaded in. The tempo data loaded in the register 82 is supplied to the variable tempo oscillator 84 having a built-in frequency division ratio memory. Variable tempo oscillator 84 is tempo data TM
If the frequency division ratio is specified by P, the tempo data TMP
Tempo clock signal T at a frequency corresponding to the tempo indicated by
CL is generated. Then, when the counter or the like is initially set in response to the setting of the start / stop switch to the start position, the AND gate 86 becomes conductive and sends out the tempo clock signal TCL. Can occur.

After this, the first audible sound (singing voice, instrument sound, etc.)
When the first coincidence signal EQ is generated in accordance with the proper sounding of, the coincidence signal EQ is supplied to the down counter 88 as the preset signal PS, so that the counter 88 receives the first code length data LNG from the latch circuit 40. Is preset. At this time, O that receives the output of the counter 88
R-gate 90 produces an output signal "1" which causes AND gates 92 and 94 to conduct. The conducted AND gate 92 supplies the tempo clock signal TCL to the counter 88, so that the counter 88 starts counting the tempo clock signal TCL.

The counter 88 starts from the value of the preset code length data, and every time the tempo clock signal TCL is counted, the output value decreases as shown by the broken line A in FIG. 4, and an audible sound is produced. The count value becomes 0 at the power timing t _s .

While the count value of the counter 88 is decreasing, the second coincidence signal E is generated according to the proper sounding of the second audible sound.
When Q is generated, the coincidence signal EQ is AND gate 9
4 is supplied to the selector 96 as a selection signal SA for selecting the input A. Therefore, the output of the counter 88 is supplied to the adder circuit 102 via the limiter 98, the memory 100, and the selector 96.

Here, the limiter 98 is provided to determine the upper limit of the count value of the counter 88, and it is shown in FIG.
As shown by a line B, the count value of the counter 88 before the sound generation timing t _s is limited to a constant value.

The memory 100 is composed of a ROM (Read Only Memory) storing tempo correction data, and the input data corresponding to the deviation of the actual sounding timing from the timing t _{s at which} sound is to be generated is desired. It is designed to be converted into data corresponding to the degree of tempo modification.
The relationship between the pronunciation timing deviation and the tempo correction degree in this case is shown in the first quadrant of the graph of FIG. 5 as an example . For example, if the actual pronunciation timing is 1/4 beat earlier, Tempo correction data for advancing 16 beats is supplied from the memory 100 to the adding circuit 102.

The adder circuit 102 adds the tempo data from the register 82 and the tempo correction data from the memory 100. The added data from the adder circuit 102 is loaded into the register 82 in response to the coincidence signal EQ. Has become.

When the sounding timing of the second audible sound is earlier than the timing t _s as described above, the data newly loaded in the register 82 shows a value larger than the previous time by the amount corresponding to the degree of tempo correction. According to this data, the frequency division ratio of the variable tempo oscillator 84 becomes smaller than that of the previous time. Therefore, the frequency of the tempo clock signal TCL generated from the variable tempo oscillator 84 is controlled so as to increase in accordance with the degree of tempo correction, and as a result, the tempo of various automatic performances described above corresponds to the degree of tempo correction. It will be faster by the minute.

The above is the tempo control operation when the sounding timing of the second audible sound is earlier than the timing t _s , but the tempo when the sounding timing of the second audible sound is later than the timing t _s The control operation is as follows. That is, the count value of the counter 88 becomes 0 at the timing t _s , and accordingly, the OR gate 90
Output signal “0” of the counter 88 from the AND gate 92.
The supply of the tempo clock signal TCL to is prohibited. OR
The output signal “0” of the gate 90 also passes through the AND gate 86.
Is made non-conductive, the sending of the tempo clock signal TCL from the AND gate 86 is prohibited, and in response to this, the generation of the various automatic performance sounds described above is temporarily stopped.

The output signal "0" of the OR gate 90 is also supplied to the up counter 104 and resets the counter 104. After releasing the reset, the counter 104 outputs the tempo clock signal T from the AND gate 106.
And counts CL, the count value is gradually increased after the timing t _s, as shown in chain line C a point in FIG.

When a fixed time has elapsed after the counter 104 started counting, the upper limit detection circuit 108 detects a predetermined upper limit value and generates an output signal "1". This output signal "1" makes the AND gate 106 non-conductive via the inverter 110, so that the count value of the counter 104 does not exceed the upper limit value described above.

Now, while the count value of the counter 104 is increasing, 2
The second match signal EQ according to the proper pronunciation of the second audible sound
, The coincidence signal EQ is ANDed.
It is supplied to the gate 94. At this time, the AND gate 94
Since the output signal "0" of the OR gate 90 is supplied to, the output signal of the AND gate 94 remains "0". The output signal “0” of the AND gate 94 is the inverter 1
Since it is supplied as a selection signal SB for selecting the input B to the selector 96 via 12, the output of the counter 104 is added to the adder circuit 1 via the memory 114 and the selector 96.
02.

Here, the memory 114 is the memory 10 described above.
As in the case of 0, it is composed of a ROM storing tempo correction data, so that the input data corresponding to the deviation of the actual sounding timing from the timing t _{s at which} the sound is to be generated is converted into the data corresponding to the desired tempo correction degree. It has become.
The relationship between the pronunciation timing deviation and the tempo correction degree in this case is shown in the third quadrant of the graph of FIG. 5 as an example . For example, if the actual pronunciation timing is 2/4 beats late, Tempo correction data that delays 16 beats is sent from the memory 114. It should be noted that, as shown in FIG. 5 , if the degree of tempo correction in the case of slow sounding is set smaller than that in the case of fast sounding, there is an advantage that it becomes easy to restore the delayed tempo.

The tempo correction data supplied to the adder circuit 102 is added to the tempo data from the register 82, and the added data from the adder circuit 102 is loaded into the register 82 according to the coincidence signal EQ. In the case of slow sounding, the tempo correction degree has a minus sign, so the addition circuit 1
The addition at 02 is substantially a subtraction.

When the sounding timing of the second audible sound is later than the timing t _s as described above, the data newly loaded in the register 82 shows a value smaller than the previous time by the amount corresponding to the degree of tempo correction. Accordingly, the frequency division ratio of the variable tempo oscillator 84 becomes larger than that of the previous time. Therefore, the frequency of the tempo clock signal TCL generated from the variable tempo oscillator 84 is controlled so as to decrease in accordance with the degree of tempo correction.

The second match signal EQ is sent to the counter 88 by 2
Since it is possible to preset the th code length data, the output signal of the OR gate 90 becomes "1" in response to this data preset. Therefore, the AND gate 92 becomes conductive, and the counter 88 starts counting the tempo clock signal TCL whose frequency has dropped. Further, since the output signal "1" of the OR gate 90 makes the AND gate 86 conductive,
The tempo clock signal TCL having a lowered frequency is transmitted from the AND gate 86, and as a result, the tempo of the various automatic performances described above is delayed by an amount corresponding to the degree of tempo correction.

The tempo control operation as described above for the second audible sound is similarly performed for the third and subsequent audible sounds.

Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG . In this embodiment, the present invention is applied to a so-called karaoke reproducing device.

The two-track magnetic tape 122 wound around the supply reel 120 runs in the direction of the arrow P and the take-up reel 1
The magnetic tape 122 is wound around 24
An analog signal corresponding to the performance content of an orchestra or the like relating to a predetermined music is recorded on the first track of
Digital data representing lyrics, floor names or pitches is recorded on the track in accordance with the flow of the music.

The first read head 126a is the magnetic tape 1
It is arranged corresponding to the first track of No. 22 and reads the analog signal from the first track and outputs the amplifier 128.
To be supplied. The analog signal amplified by the amplifier 128 is supplied to the speaker 130 and converted into sound.

The second read head 126b is the magnetic tape 1
22 corresponding to the second track 22 and closer to the supply reel 120 than the first read head 126a for leading the reading of the digital data over the analog signal for each audible sound to be produced. It is arranged. The second read head 126b reads the digital data from the second track to read the data detection storage circuit 132.
To be supplied.

The data detection / storage circuit 132 detects the data each time the second reading head 126b supplies the lyrics, the floor name, or the pitch to generate a data detection signal DS and temporarily stores the data. And comparison circuit 134
To be supplied.

An acoustic-electrical converter 136 including a microphone is for converting a singing voice according to lyrics or a floor name or a sound of a musical instrument such as a piano or a violin into an audio signal. The audio signal is transmitted through the amplifier 128 to the speaker 130. Is supplied to and converted into sound. In addition, the audio signal from the acoustic-electrical converter 136 is supplied to the signal conversion circuit 138, and if the audible sound input is a singing voice with lyrics, it is converted into digital language data corresponding to the sung word, and the audible sound input is converted into a floor. If it is a singing voice or musical instrument sound by name, it is converted into digital pitch data indicating the pitch.
Then, the digital data from the signal conversion circuit 138 is supplied to the comparison circuit 134, and the data detection storage circuit 132 is supplied.
Compared to the digital data from.

The comparison circuit 134 compares the two comparison input data and generates a coincidence signal EQ when they coincide with each other. The coincidence signal EQ indicates the timing at which an appropriate audible sound is generated, and is supplied to the shift amount detection circuit 140.

The delay circuit 142 sends the data detection signal DS from the second read head 126b to the first read head 126a.
To generate a timing signal TS indicating the timing at which an audible sound such as a singing voice or a musical instrument sound should be generated by delaying the time corresponding to the tape running time up to the time. The timing signal TS is supplied to the deviation detecting circuit 140. It

The deviation detecting circuit 140 counts an appropriate clock signal and generates deviation data corresponding to the time deviation between the coincidence signal EQ and the timing signal TS.
This deviation data is recorded in the tape speed control data generation circuit 14
4 is supplied.

The tape speed control data generation circuit 144 generates tape speed control data indicating the reference tape speed when the start switch is turned on, and when the deviation data is subsequently supplied from the deviation detection circuit 140, the deviation is generated. The tape speed control data is generated according to the minute data. In this case, the tape speed control data is generated in accordance with the deviation data by increasing the tape speed in accordance with the deviation of the fast sounding tempo and in accordance with the deviation of the slow sounding tempo. To slow down the tape speed.

The tape speed control data from the tape speed control data generating circuit 144 is supplied to the delay circuit 142 as delay time control data. This is because the tape running time from the second read head 126b to the first read head 126a depends on the tape speed, so that the delay circuit 1 is provided according to the tape speed in order to obtain the proper timing signal TS.
This is because it is necessary to change the delay time of 42.

Since the tape speed control data from the tape speed control data generation circuit 144 is supplied to the tape drive unit 148 via the tape speed control circuit 146, the running speed of the magnetic tape 122 is the tape speed control data from the circuit 144. The speaker 1 is controlled as a result of this.
The tempo of the automatic performance sound generated from 30 follows the singing tempo or the musical instrument performance tempo.

Here, to describe a concrete operation example, first, the singer or the musical instrument player turns on the start switch.
Then, the tape speed control data generation circuit 144 generates tape speed control data indicating the reference tape speed, so that the magnetic tape 122 runs in the direction of arrow P at the reference tape speed. Then, the first read head 126
When “a” starts reading the analog signal, a performance sound such as an orchestra is automatically produced from the speaker 130 thereafter.

The singer or the musical instrument player starts singing or playing the musical instrument in response to the automatic performance sound (particularly the prelude sound) from the speaker 130, but the second read head 126b should first produce sound a little before this. The digital data corresponding to the audible sound is read, and the data detection memory circuit 1 is read according to the digital data.
32 generates the first data detection signal DS.

This data detection signal DS is sent to the delay circuit 142.
Is transmitted as a timing signal TS via. When the timing signal TS is generated, it corresponds to the time when the singer or musical instrument player should generate the first audible sound, but the actual sounding timing is often shifted before or after the time when the timing signal TS is generated.

When the first audible sound is generated, an audio signal corresponding to this is supplied to the speaker 130 and converted into sound. Further, the audio signal at this time is converted into digital data representing a word or a pitch by the signal conversion circuit 138 and supplied to the comparison circuit 134, where it is compared with the first digital data from the data detection storage circuit 132.

The comparison circuit 134 generates the first coincidence signal EQ when the two data are coincident in word or pitch. Depending on whether the timing of generation of the coincidence signal EQ is earlier or later than the timing of generation of the timing signal TS, the shift amount detection circuit 140 respectively controls the shift amount data indicating the fast sounding tempo or the shift amount data indicating the slow sounding tempo. It is supplied to the data generation circuit 144.

Therefore, when the tape speed control data generation circuit 144 receives the data for the deviation of the fast sounding tempo, it sends the tape speed control data for increasing the tape speed in accordance with the deviation, and outputs the slow sounding tempo. When the shift amount data is received, tape speed control data for slowing the tape speed according to the shift amount is transmitted. Therefore, the running speed of the magnetic tape 122 becomes faster if the sounding tempo of the first audible sound is faster, and slower if it is slower. As a result, the tempo of the automatic performance by the analog signal reproduction follows the sounding tempo of the first audible sound. Be controlled.

The above-described tempo following control operation for the first audible sound is similarly performed for the second and subsequent audible sounds.

[0089]

As described above, according to the present invention, the tempo of the automatic performance is automatically controlled so as to follow the pronunciation tempo of the audible sound input from the outside. When using the automatic performance device of the present invention as an accompaniment means when playing a natural musical instrument such as a piano or a violin, the accompaniment tempo follows the singing tempo or the musical instrument performance tempo without manual tempo adjustment operation, The accompaniment effect or ensemble effect is greatly improved.

In addition, since the pitch matching of the input sound is detected and the tempo follow-up control is performed, the tempo of the automatic performance fluctuates due to an undesired input sound such as a desired musical instrument sound or noise other than singing voice. Can be effectively prevented, and there is also an advantage that you can enjoy playing or singing at your own pace.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows an automatic performance device according to an embodiment of the present invention .
It is a block diagram which shows a part.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing another part of the automatic musical instrument of FIG.
It is a diagram.

FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a tempo control circuit.

FIG. 4 is a graph showing changes in outputs of a down counter, a limiter, and an up counter.

FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between tone generation timing deviation and tempo correction degree.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram of an automatic musical instrument according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

14, 18, 22, 26, 30 ... Data memory, 16,
20, 24, 28, 32 ... Write / read control circuit, 34 ...
Tempo control circuit, 46, 130 ... Speaker, 58a-5
8c ... mode selection switch, 62,134 ... comparison circuit,
66, 136 ... Acoustic-electrical converter, 68 ... Voice recognition device, 78 ... Fundamental wave detection circuit, 82 ... Tempo data register, 84 ... Variable tempo oscillator, 88 ... Down counter,
100, 114 ... Tempo correction data memory, 104 ... Up counter, 122 ... Magnetic tape, 126a, 126
b ... Read head, 132 ... Data detection memory circuit, 138
... signal conversion circuit, 140 ... deviation detection circuit, 142 ... delay circuit, 144 ... tape speed control data generation circuit, 14
6 ... Tape speed control circuit, 148 ... Tape drive device.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code Internal reference number FI Technical display location G10L 3/00 551 G10L 3/00 551G

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. Store means for storing performance information, which is composed of at least pitch information representing a pitch of a musical tone to be generated and time information for controlling a time of a musical tone to be generated for automatic performance. In an automatic performance device equipped with a performance means for performing automatic performance at a tempo corresponding to the reading speed by reading the performance information from the storing means, (a) outputting the pitch information read from the storing means. Pitch information generating means, (b) acoustic-electric converting means for receiving an audible sound generated at arbitrary timing independently of the automatic performance and converting it into an audio signal, and (c) this acoustic-electric converting means. Pitch detecting means for detecting the pitch of the audio signal from the pitch detecting means and generating pitch data corresponding to the pitch, (d) pitch data from the pitch detecting means and the information generating means. Comparing means for generating pitch matching signals on the condition that the pitches of the two are matched, and (e) timing for generating an automatic performance sound based on the time information read from the storing means. And (f) a deviation amount for detecting a deviation in the generation timing of the pitch coincidence signal with respect to the timing to be instructed by the instruction means, and generating a tempo control signal corresponding to the deviation amount. (G) by controlling the reading speed of the playing means so as to reduce the deviation corresponding to the tempo control information from the deviation detecting means, the tempo of the automatic performance is made to match the pitch. An automatic performance device comprising: tempo control means for making the sounding tempo of the audible sound follow.