JP2803412B2 - Automatic accompaniment device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an automatic accompaniment apparatus for performing automatic accompaniment of performance information of a keyboard or the like based on a chord specified by input means.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art At present, many electronic musical instruments are provided with an automatic accompaniment function. A general automatic accompaniment function is a function of producing a chord pattern or a base pattern at a specified rhythm based on a chord specified by a player. Therefore, the pitches of the chord pattern and the bass pattern are determined by the designated chord. The base pattern and the chord pattern are mainly composed of chords, and when the chord changes, the pitch is shifted accordingly.

[0003] However, even if the chord changes, only the pitch of the pattern changes, so that the chord change cannot be clearly expressed. Therefore, when a chord changes, the root of the chord is pronounced to clarify the change of the chord. In Japanese Patent Publication No. 60-15958, if there is a bass pattern immediately after the chord changes, regardless of the pitch. The pitch of the root note is now pronounced.

[0004]

However, in this method, the root note is emitted only at a certain timing of the base pattern, and when the chord changes near a weak beat, the following base pattern timing (such as a strong beat) is used. ), There is a disadvantage that the root is not pronounced and the change of the chord becomes unclear. On the other hand, it is not preferable to produce the bass sound at every beat timing because the rhythm feeling is spoiled.

[0005] It is an object of the present invention to provide an automatic accompaniment apparatus which solves the above-mentioned problem by storing a bass sound which is emitted only when a chord changes.

[0006]

The invention according to claim 1 of the present application is based on performance information input means for inputting performance information including a pitch of a musical tone, and based on performance information input from the performance information input means. Chord detecting means for detecting a specified chord, regular sound data which is always sounded at the sounding timing according to the progress of the performance, and a chord which is recorded at the sounding timing between these normal sound data and starts sounding only when the chord changes. Pattern storage means for storing an accompaniment pattern including a base pattern having instruction sound data; and accompaniment outputting accompaniment sounds based on the chord detected by the chord detection means and the accompaniment pattern stored in the pattern storage means. sound pronunciation means, and chord the chord detecting means detects changes in a predetermined time range <br/> from the sounding timing of the chord indicated at each note data , Characterized by having a a Could bass sound generating means in audible sound as bass tones that are determined based on the root of the chord that issued during pronunciation data and該検instructions該和sound. According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a performance information input means for inputting performance information including a pitch of a musical tone, and a chord for detecting a designated chord based on the performance information input from the performance information input means. Detection means, and normal sound data which is recorded together with timing data indicating sound generation timing according to the progress of the performance and has note value having an audible volume velocity value; and timing data indicating sound generation timing between the normal sound data. Pattern storage means for storing an accompaniment pattern including a base pattern having a chord indicating sound data which is note data having a non-audible volume velocity value, and a chord detected by the chord detection means and the pattern storage. An accompaniment sound generating means for outputting an accompaniment sound based on the accompaniment pattern stored in the means; From the sound timing of the chord detection means has detected the chord indication when pronunciation data
When changing within a predetermined time range, while changing the velocity value of the chord designation sounding data to a predetermined value,
Bass sound generating means for generating a tone determined based on the chord instruction sounding data and the detected root of the chord as the base sound with the changed velocity value. According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the invention of the first or second aspect, the musical tone determined based on the chord instruction sounding data and the root of the detected chord is the chord detecting means. The root of a chord detected within a predetermined time range from the sounding timing of the instructed sounding data is characterized.

[0007]

According to the automatic accompaniment apparatus of the present invention, an accompaniment pattern is generated based on the detected chord. The accompaniment pattern is
For example, it is composed of a chord pattern such as a dispersed chord, a base pattern of a bass sound, a rhythm pattern of a rhythm sound, and the like.
Of these, the base pattern includes normal sound data that is always sounded and chord instruction sound data that is sounded only when a chord changes. The pitch of this accompaniment pattern is determined (shifted) based on the chord detected by the chord detection means, and is emitted. Of these, the sound data at the time of a chord instruction that is generated only when a chord changes <br/> is not normally sounded, and
It could in the chord has changed the Yellow Sea in the pronunciation timing vicinity. This makes the chord changes clear. In addition,
The root tone of the changed chord
And the changed chord becomes clearer. In addition, the present invention
The automatic accompaniment device does not listen to
Memorize it with the lowest possible velocity value,
This is rewritten to a predetermined value only when pronounced. to this
Chords as dummy data during normal accompaniment patterns
It is possible to embed sound data at the time of instruction.

[0008]

An electronic musical instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an electronic musical instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining a bass pattern and a re-sounding operation of a bass sound. 3 to 10 are flowcharts showing the operation of the electronic musical instrument.

In FIG. 1, the operation of the electronic musical instrument is controlled by a microcomputer unit 10. The microcomputer unit 10 includes a CPU 20 and a program memory 2
1, a working memory 22 and a tempo clock 23. These circuit units are connected to the bus 11 respectively. The bus 11 also includes an accompaniment pattern memory 12, a key press detection circuit 14, and a switch operation detection circuit 1.
6 and a tone signal forming circuit 17 are connected. The accompaniment pattern memory 12 is composed of a ROM, and stores a plurality of accompaniment patterns according to various rhythm types. Accompaniment patterns are chord patterns, bass patterns,
It consists of a rhythm pattern. Also, a key press detection circuit 1
4 is connected to a keyboard 13 having about 61 keys. The key press detection circuit 14 detects not only the key on / off of the keyboard 13 but also the key on velocity and the like. The operation panel 15 is connected to the switch operation detection circuit 16.
The operation panel 15 includes an automatic accompaniment switch, a tone selection switch, a rhythm selection switch, and the like. The tone signal forming circuit 17 is connected to a sound system including an amplifier 18 and a speaker 19. The tone signal forming circuit 17 has a plurality of tone generation channels, and can independently generate tone signals based on tone generation data sent from the CPU 20. The formed tone signal is output to the amplifier 18, amplified, and then output from the speaker 19. The tone signal forming circuit 17 is provided with six sound channels exclusively for automatic accompaniment, corresponding to the pattern track numbers 0 to 5, respectively.

In this electronic musical instrument, automatic accompaniment can be performed by turning on the automatic accompaniment switch. The accompaniment pattern of the selected rhythm type is read out from the accompaniment pattern memory 12, and the pitch is shifted according to the chord specified by the keyboard 13 to produce sound. The accompaniment pattern includes a three-track chord pattern, a one-track base pattern, and a two-track rhythm pattern. The pattern data includes sounding timing, pitch, and velocity data. Here, the base pattern is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 7, the data is composed of real data (notes indicated by solid lines) actually generated and dummy data (notes indicated by broken lines) generated only when the chord changes. The real data is composed of notes in accordance with the rhythm of the pattern, and the dummy data is written at a beat timing that is not the sounding timing of the real data.

The dummy data has the same tone generation timing and pitch as the normal pattern data, but the velocity data has an extremely small value (2). When a pattern is read, a sound generation operation is actually performed based on this data, but since the sound is generated only at a volume that cannot be heard, it is the same as the case where no sound is generated. Immediately after the chord changes, when the dummy data is generated, the velocity data is rewritten to an appropriate value (for example, 32) and sent to the tone generator, so that the sound is generated in the same manner as the real data. The pitch of the dummy data is the root of a chord.

FIG. 2B is a diagram showing how the sounding mode of the bass sound changes due to the time lag between the sounding timing of the bass sound and the change timing of the chord.

If the chord changes within three clocks immediately before the base sound generation timing (pattern timing), the root of the chord is generated at the pattern timing (mode: n78 to n8 in a flowchart described later).
2). In this case, the velocity of the dummy data is rewritten to a sufficiently audible value.

If the chord changes within three clocks from the pattern timing, the root of the chord is immediately generated when the chord changes (modes: n34 to n3).
8). In this case, the already-produced bass sound is erased, and the velocity of the dummy data is rewritten to a sufficiently audible value.

If the change of the chord is 3 clocks or more and less than 8 clocks from the pattern timing, only the key code of the currently generated bass sound is rewritten to the root of the chord (mode: n40, 41). Therefore, the dummy data remains inaudible (not sounded). This is because the deviation from the beat timing is large.

If the change of the chord is 8 clocks or more from the pattern timing, the tone is reproduced again only when the base tone at that time is not dummy data (modes: n39, n36 to n38).

The above processing will be described with reference to the following flowchart.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a main routine. At the same time as the power supply of the electronic musical instrument is turned on, an initial setting operation is executed (n1), and thereafter, a start switch ON event (n2), a key event (n3) judgment and other processing (n4) are executed.

The initial setting operation is an operation of resetting a register or transmitting a preset tone color to the tone signal forming circuit 17. The other processing is an operation for accepting selection of an accompaniment style or tone.

When there is a start switch on event, n
From 2 to n5, the RUN flag is inverted. When the RUN flag becomes 1 as a result of the inversion, the BKON, CLK, and CCT registers are cleared to start the automatic accompaniment operation (n6 → n7), and the chord is not detected in the chord root register RT. Set FF _H meaning (n
8). Further, the pointer is set to the head address of the accompaniment pattern selected at that time (n9), and the operation exits from this operation. When the result of inversion of the RUN flag is set to 0, the switch operation for stopping the automatic accompaniment operation that has been executed up to that point is performed, so that the musical tone currently being produced is muted (n6 → n10). Get out of. When there is a key event, the RUN flag is determined (n3 → n11). When this flag is reset, the normal performance mode is set, so that sound generation / mute processing is executed in response to key-on / off (n1).
4). On the other hand, when the RUN flag is set, since the automatic accompaniment mode is set, it is determined whether or not the key event is in the left key range (n12). The left key range is a key range of about one octave on the low frequency side (left side) of the keyboard 13, and a chord designation is accepted in this range. If it is the left key range, the accompaniment processing operation (n13) is executed, and the right key range (a key range other than the left key range).
If so, the sounding / muting process is executed as in the normal performance mode (n14).

FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the accompaniment key processing operation. This operation is executed when there is a key event in the left key range during the automatic accompaniment mode. First, the root note RT and the type TP of the chord detected so far are set to O, respectively.
Copy to RT and OTP (n20), and execute chord detection operation (n21). The chord detection operation may use a conventionally well-known method such as referring to a chord detection table. Set the root of the detected chord in the RT register and set the type to TP
It is set in a register (n22). Note that chords corresponding to the root note name and chord type are set in RT and TP, respectively.

The root of the chord detected this time, RT, type TP
Is compared with the root and the type of the chord immediately before being copied to the ORT and OTP (n23). If the chords match, the chord is determined to have no change and the process directly exits from this operation. If the chords do not match, the chord changes. Therefore, the chord change operation (n2
Execute 4).

FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the chord changing operation. In this operation, first, the CCT register is cleared (n30). This CCT register is a counter register that counts up the number of clocks after the chord changes. The count-up of this register is performed by an interrupt operation executed every 1/24 beat. In n31, it is determined whether or not the bass sound is being generated. If not sounding, return. If the bass sound is sounding, the time KONT from the start of sound generation is determined (n32,
n33). KONT is a counter register which is counted up from the start of sound generation (key-on). KONT <
If it is 3, it is determined that it is immediately after key-on, and the bass sound is immediately reproduced (n33 to n38). At n34 and n35, the velocity data of the dummy data is rewritten to a size that can be heard sufficiently. Whether the data is dummy data can be determined based on whether the velocity data written in advance is two or not. This operation is skipped for real data. Next, after a key-off signal is once sent to the already-produced bass sound (n36), the key code of a note name corresponding to the root of a predetermined octave is set in the BKC as the bass sound (n37). The key code BKC, key-on signal, velocity data BVEL, and track No. 3 are output to the tone generator (n3
8).

On the other hand, if KONT ≧ 8, since a sufficiently long time has elapsed since the key-on timing, the musical tone is muted (n36) on condition that the tone is generated in real data (n39), and then a new tone is generated. A bass sound is generated (n37, n38). If the chord change timing is 3 ≦ KONT <8, only the key code is changed in accordance with the new chord while the sounding operation of the currently generated bass sound is continued. For this reason, the key code BKC of the new bass sound is determined (n40), and this key code BKC and track No. 3 are transmitted to the tone signal forming circuit 17 (n41).

FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the interrupt operation. This interrupt operation is executed every 1/24 beat as described above. In other words, in the case of quadruple, it is executed 96 times in one bar. Since this operation is effective only in the automatic accompaniment mode, when the RUN flag is reset, the operation returns without performing any operation (n5).
0). When the RUN flag is set, the following operation is executed for the six tracks of track numbers TR = 0 to 5 of the accompaniment pattern data. Here, TR = 0 to 2 are tracks for a code pattern, TR = 3 is a track for a base pattern, and TR = 4 and 5 are tracks for a rhythm pattern. First, 0 is set in the track number register TR (n51). The data pointed to by the pointer of the track designated by TR is read, and the event time register EVT and the event data register E are read out.
VNT, key code register KC, and velocity register VEL are set in each register. The sounding timing data is stored in the event time register EVT. The event data register EVNT stores data indicating the type of event. The key code register KC stores a tone key code or a rhythm sound type to be generated. The velocity register VEL stores sound intensity (velocity) data. If the event timing EVT does not coincide with the current clock or if the read event data EVNT is end data, the processing for this track is completed without doing anything (n53, n).
54).

If the event timing EVT coincides with the current clock and is an event other than end data, a note processing operation (n55) for generating the musical tone is executed, and then the pointer is advanced by one event (n56).
In n57, add 1 to TR, and until TR becomes 6 or more, n
The operations of 52 to n56 are repeatedly executed. After this processing, a count operation (n59) is performed to count up the clock register and the like, and then the process returns.

FIG. 7 is a flow chart showing the note processing operation executed in n55.

If the read event is a key-on event, the operations of n71 to n82 are executed. On the other hand, if the read event is a key-off event, n85 to n85
The operation of n87 is executed. In the case of a key-on event, the track number TR of the read event and the counter CCT for counting the time after the chord changes are determined. If TR ≦ 3, the track is a chord track or a base track, so that a key code is converted based on a chord and then sound is generated (n74). If no chord is detected, the pitch cannot be converted, and the process returns (n73). RT, TP if chord is determined
(N74), and outputs a key-on signal, a key code KC, velocity data VEL, and a track number TR to the tone signal forming circuit 17. BK only when this track is a base track (TR = 3)
ON is set to 1, BVEL is set to VEL, B
KC is set to KC, and -1 is set to KONT (n77). On the other hand, if the read track is a rhythm sound track (TR = 4, 5), there is no need to convert the key code KC.
Go to 5.

When TR = 3 and CCT <3, the value of VEL is copied to BVEL in order to redo the generation of the bass sound (n78).
In the case of, the volume is corrected to an actually audible volume (n79, n
80). After keying off the previously generated musical tone, a key code of a note name corresponding to a root note of a predetermined octave is set in BKC as a bass tone (n8).
2). Thereafter, the flow advances to n75.

On the other hand, a key-off signal is sent to the track corresponding to the data from which the key-off event has been read (n85), and when TR = 3, BKON is set to 0 (n86).

FIG. 8 is a flow chart showing the counting operation executed in n59 of the interrupt operation. In this operation, the count is incremented by one until CLK becomes 191 (n91). When CLK becomes 191, CLK is set to 0 (n92), and the accompaniment pattern read pointer is set to the head (n93). . That is, since one beat is counted at 24 clocks, two measures of four beats have 192 counts of 0 to 191. After this, C
If CT <3, 1 is added to CCT (n94, n9
5) If KONT <8, 1 is added to KONT (n96, n97).

By the above operation, even at a timing when the bass sound is not normally generated (dummy data is generated), the base sound can be generated so as to be heard by the listener by rewriting the velocity of the dummy data. As a result, a bass tone that is not in the original bass pattern can be generated only when the chord changes, and the change in the chord becomes clear.

In this embodiment, since tone data in which the velocity data is made extremely small is stored, it is possible to generate a bass sound only by rewriting the velocity data. Alternatively, sound data may be added when a chord changes.

[0034]

As described above, according to the present invention, the accompaniment
When the chord changes during the performance of the turn ,
Even during the interval, the musical tone representing the chord is pronounced as the bass tone, so that the change of the chord can be clearly expressed. Furthermore, the chord that changed the tone
The root chord makes the changed chord clearer.
You. And when the chord is instructed,
Data can be embedded in normal accompaniment patterns
Data in the same format as normal accompaniment patterns.
Can be special features to create and play
Does not require

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an electronic musical instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a view for explaining the sounding timing of a bass sound of the electronic musical instrument.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the operation of the electronic musical instrument.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the operation of the electronic musical instrument.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the operation of the electronic musical instrument.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the operation of the electronic musical instrument.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing the operation of the electronic musical instrument.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing the operation of the electronic musical instrument.

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. Performance information input means for inputting performance information including a pitch of a musical tone, chord detection means for detecting a specified chord based on performance information input from the performance information input means, An accompaniment pattern including a base pattern having normal sound data that is always sounded at sounding timings according to the progress and chord instruction sound data that is recorded at sounding timings between the normal sound data and starts sounding only when a chord changes. Pattern storage means for storing; a chord detected by the chord detection means; and an accompaniment sound generation means for outputting an accompaniment tone based on the accompaniment pattern stored in the pattern storage means; and a chord detected by the chord detection means. When changing within a predetermined time range from the sounding timing of the chord instruction sound data, the chord instruction sound data and the detected chord are changed. And a bass sound producing means for producing a musical tone determined on the basis of a root tone as an audible volume as a bass sound. 2. Performance information input means for inputting performance information including a pitch of a musical tone; chord detection means for detecting a specified chord based on the performance information input from the performance information input means; are recorded along with the timing data indicating the sound generation timing corresponding to the progress, the normal sound data in the note data having a velocity value of the audio volume is recorded along with the timing data indicating the tone generation timing of the intervals between the normally sound data, non Pattern storage means for storing an accompaniment pattern including a base pattern having chord instruction sound data which is note data having a velocity value of an audible volume; and a chord detected by the chord detection means and the pattern storage means. Accompaniment sound generating means for outputting an accompaniment sound based on the accompaniment pattern When the set chord changes within a predetermined time range from the sounding timing of the chord instruction sound data, the velocity value of the chord instruction sound data is changed to a predetermined value, and the chord instruction sound data and the detected A bass accompaniment device comprising: a tone generator that produces a tone determined based on a root of a chord as a bass tone with the changed velocity value. 3. The musical tone determined based on the chord instruction sounding data and the root of the detected chord is determined by the chord detecting means when the chord instruction sounding data is generated .
3. The automatic accompaniment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the chord is a root note of a chord detected within a predetermined time range .