JPH05113791A - Automatic accompaniment device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To clearly express the change of a chord by putting dummy data into an accompaniment pattern, and when a base sound is produced, by increasing the velocity in the dummy data. CONSTITUTION:A selected kind of rhythm is read out from an accompaniment pattern memory 12, and the pitch is shifted and produced in accordance with the chord specified by a keyboard 13. The accompaniment pattern is made up of a chord pattern of three tracks, a base pattern of one track, and a rhythm pattern of two tracks. In this case, the base pattern is made up of real data by which sound is actually produced, and dummy data by which sound is produced only when the chord has been changed. When a sound is produced by the dummy data immediately after the chord has been changed, the velocity data are renewed by appropriate values and are transmitted to a tone generator. Thus, sound is produced in the same way as real data. Further, the pitch of the dummy data is the basic sound of the chord.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an automatic accompaniment device for automatically accompaniment performance information on a keyboard or the like based on chords designated by input means.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Currently, many electronic musical instruments have an automatic accompaniment function. A general automatic accompaniment function is a function of producing a chord pattern or a bass pattern at a designated rhythm based on a chord designated by the performer. Therefore, the pitch of the chord pattern and the bass pattern is determined by the specified chord. The bass pattern and chord pattern are mainly composed of chords, and when the chord changes, the pitch is also shifted accordingly.

However, even if the chord changes, the pitch of the pattern only changes, so the change in the chord cannot be clearly expressed. Therefore, in order to clarify the change in the chord by pronouncing the root note of the chord when the chord changes, in Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 60-15958, regardless of the pitch, when there is a bass pattern immediately after the chord changes. I made it sound at the pitch of the root note.

[0004]

With this method, however, the root note is produced only at a certain timing of the bass pattern, and when the chord changes in the vicinity of a weak beat, the next bass pattern timing (strong beat, etc.) is generated. ) Has the drawback that the root note is not pronounced and the change in the chord is unclear. On the other hand, it is not preferable to pronounce the bass tones at all beat timings because it impairs the sense of rhythm.

An object of the present invention is to provide an automatic accompaniment apparatus which solves the above-mentioned problems by storing a bass tone which is produced only when a chord changes.

[0006]

According to the present invention, a performance information input means for inputting performance information including pitches of musical tones, and a chord specified based on the performance information input from the performance information input means. A chord detection means for detecting, a pattern storage means for storing an accompaniment pattern including a base pattern having data that is always sounded and data that is sounded only when the chord changes, and the chord detected by the chord detection means and the pattern storage means. Accompaniment sound generating means for outputting an accompaniment sound based on the stored accompaniment pattern, and when the chord detected by the chord detection means changes, the root note of the chord is generated according to the data produced only when the chord of the bass pattern changes. A bass sound producing means for producing a bass sound.

[0007]

In the automatic accompaniment apparatus of the present invention, the accompaniment pattern is generated based on the detected chord. The accompaniment pattern is
For example, it consists of chord patterns such as distributed chords, bass patterns of bass sounds, and rhythm patterns of rhythm sounds.
Of these, the base pattern includes data that is always sounded and data that is sounded only when a chord changes. The pitch of this accompaniment pattern is determined (shifted) based on the chord detected by the chord detection means, and is produced. Of these, the data of the bass pattern that is sounded only when the chord changes is not normally sounded, but is sounded only when the chord changes (beat timing, etc.). This makes changes in chords clear.

[0008]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An electronic musical instrument which is an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an electronic musical instrument which is an embodiment of the present invention. Further, FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the bass pattern and the re-pronunciation processing operation of the bass sound. 3 to 10 are flowcharts showing the operation of the electronic musical instrument.

In FIG. 1, the operation of this electronic musical instrument is controlled by a microcomputer section 10. The microcomputer unit 10 includes a CPU 20 and a program memory 2
1, a working memory 22 and a tempo clock 23. Each of these circuit units is connected to the bus 11. In addition to this, the accompaniment pattern memory 12, the key depression detection circuit 14, and the switch operation detection circuit 1 are provided on the bus 11.
6 and the tone signal forming circuit 17 are connected. The accompaniment pattern memory 12 is composed of a ROM, and stores a plurality of accompaniment patterns according to various rhythm types. Accompaniment patterns are chord patterns, bass patterns,
It consists of rhythm patterns. In addition, the key depression detection circuit 1
A keyboard 13 composed of about 61 keys is connected to the keyboard 4. The key depression detection circuit 14 detects key-on velocity of the keyboard 13 as well as key-on / off. The operation panel 15 is connected to the switch operation detection circuit 16.
The operation panel 15 includes an automatic accompaniment switch, a tone color selection switch, a rhythm selection switch, and the like. To the tone signal forming circuit 17, a sound system including an amplifier 18 and a speaker 19 is connected. The tone signal forming circuit 17 has a plurality of tone generation channels and can independently form tone signals based on tone generation data sent from the CPU 20. The formed musical tone signal is output to the amplifier 18, amplified, and then output from the speaker 19. The tone signal forming circuit 17 is provided with six tone generation channels dedicated to automatic accompaniment, which correspond to pattern track numbers 0 to 5, respectively.

With this electronic musical instrument, automatic accompaniment can be performed by turning on the automatic accompaniment switch. The accompaniment pattern of the selected rhythm type is read out from the accompaniment pattern memory 12, and its pitch is shifted according to the chord specified by the keyboard 13 to produce the sound. The accompaniment pattern consists of a 3-track chord pattern, a 1-track bass pattern, and a 2-track rhythm pattern. The pattern data consists of sounding timing, pitch, and velocity data. Here, the base pattern is shown in FIG.
As shown in (1), it is composed of real data (notes with solid lines) actually sounded and dummy data (notes with broken lines) sounded only when a chord changes. The real data is composed of notes according to the rhythm of the pattern, and the dummy data is written at a beat timing that is not the sounding timing of the real data.

The dummy data has the same tone generation timing and pitch as the normal pattern data, but the velocity data has a very small value (2). When the pattern is read out, the sounding operation is actually executed based on this data, but since it is sounded only at an inaudible volume, it is the same as not sounding. Immediately after the change of the chord, when the dummy data is sounded, the velocity data is rewritten to an appropriate value (for example, 32) and sent to the tone generator, so that it is sounded like the real data. The pitch of the dummy data is the root note of the chord.

FIG. 2B is a diagram showing how the bass tone generation mode changes due to the time difference between the bass tone generation timing and the chord change timing.

When the chord changes within 3 clocks immediately before the bass tone generation timing (pattern timing), the root note of the chord is generated at the pattern timing (mode: n78 to n8 in the flowchart described later).
2). In this case, the velocity of the dummy data is rewritten to a audible value.

When the change of the chord is within 3 clocks from the pattern timing, when the chord changes, the root note of the chord is immediately pronounced (mode: n34 to n3).
8). In this case, the bass sound that is already sounding is erased, and the velocity of the dummy data is rewritten to a value that can be sufficiently heard.

When the change of the chord is 3 clocks or more and less than 8 clocks from the pattern timing, only the key code of the currently sounded bass tone is rewritten as the root note of the chord (mode: n40, 41). Therefore, in the case of dummy data, it remains inaudible (not pronounced). This is because the deviation from the beat timing is large.

Further, when the change of the chord is 8 clocks or more from the pattern timing, the sound is regenerated only when the bass sound at that time is not dummy data (mode: n39, n36 to n38).

The above processing will be described with reference to the following flow chart.

FIG. 3 is a flow chart showing the main routine. At the same time when the power of the electronic musical instrument is turned on, an initial setting operation is executed (n1), and thereafter, a start switch on event (n2), a key event (n3) are determined and other processing (n4) is executed.

The initial setting operation is an operation of resetting a register or transmitting a preset tone color to the tone signal forming circuit 17. Further, other processing is an operation for accepting selection of an accompaniment style and a tone color.

When there is a start switch-on event, n
From 2 to n5, the RUN flag is inverted. If the RUN flag becomes 1 as a result of the inversion, the automatic accompaniment operation starts, so the BKON, CLK, and CCT registers are cleared (n6 → n7), and the chord is not detected in the chord root register RT. Set the meaning FF _H (n
8). Further, the pointer is set to the head address of the accompaniment pattern selected at that time (n9), and the operation is exited. If 0 is set as a result of reversing the RUN flag, it is a switch operation for stopping the automatic accompaniment operation that has been executed up to that point, and the currently sounding musical sound is muted (n6 → n10). Get out of. When there is a key event, the RUN flag is judged (n3 → n11). When this flag is reset, it is a normal performance mode, so the sounding / silence processing is executed in response to key on / off (n1).
4). On the other hand, when the RUN flag is set, the mode is the automatic accompaniment mode, so it is determined whether or not the key event is in the left key range (n12). The left keyboard range is a keyboard range of one octave on the bass side (left side) of the keyboard 13, and chord designation is accepted in this range. If it is the left key range, the accompaniment processing operation (n13) is executed, and the right key range (key range other than the left key range).
If so, sounding / silence processing is executed as in the normal performance mode (n14).

FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the accompaniment key processing operation. This operation is executed when there is a key event in the left key range during the automatic accompaniment mode. First, the root note RT and the type TP of the chord detected up to that
Copy to RT, OTP (n20), and execute chord detection operation (n21). For the chord detection operation, a conventionally known method such as referring to a chord detection table may be used. The root note of the detected chord is set in the RT register and the type is TP
It is set in the register (n22). It should be noted that a code corresponding to the note name of the root note and the type of chord is set in each of RT and TP.

The root note RT and type TP of the chord detected this time
And the root note of the chord immediately before being copied to ORT, OTP, and the type are compared (n23), and if there is a match, the chord does not change, and this operation is left as is. If there is no match, there is a change in the chord. Therefore, the chord changing operation (n2
Execute 4).

FIG. 5 is a flow chart showing the chord changing operation. In this operation, the CCT register is first cleared (n30). This CCT register is a counter register that counts up the number of clocks after the change of the chord. The counting up of this register is performed by an interrupt operation executed every 1/24 beat. At n31, it is determined whether or not the bass sound is being generated. If it is not sounding, it returns as it is. If the bass sound is being sounded, the time KONT from the start of sounding is judged (n32,
n33). KONT is a counter register which is counted up from the start of sounding (key-on). KONT <
If it is 3, it is immediately after the key is turned on and the bass tone is immediately reproduced again (n33 to n38). At n34 and n35, the velocity data of the dummy data is rewritten to a size enough to be heard. Whether or not it is dummy data can be determined by whether or not the velocity data written in advance is 2. This operation is skipped for real data. Next, a key-off signal is once sent to the already-produced bass tone (n36), and then the key code of the note name corresponding to the predetermined octave root note is set in the BKC (n37). The key code BKC, key-on signal, velocity data BVEL, and track No. 3 are output to the tone generator (n3
8).

On the other hand, if KONT ≧ 8, it means that a sufficiently long time has passed from the key-on timing, so that the tone is muted (n36) after the tone is muted (n36) on condition that the tone is sounded with real data (n39). Bass sound is generated (n37, n38). If the chord change timing is 3 ≦ KONT <8, the key code is changed according to the new chord while the sounding operation of the currently-produced bass sound continues. Therefore, the key code BKC of the new bass tone is determined (n40), and this key code BKC and track No. 3 are transmitted to the tone signal forming circuit 17 (n41).

FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the interrupt operation. This interrupt operation is executed every 1/24 beat as described above. That is, in the case of 4-beat, it is executed 96 times in one bar. Since this operation is effective only in the automatic accompaniment mode, when the RUN flag is reset, nothing is executed and the process directly returns (n5).
0). When the RUN flag is set, the following operation is executed for 6 tracks of track number TR = 0 to 5 of the accompaniment pattern data. Here, TR = 0 to 2 are tracks for chord patterns, TR = 3 are tracks for bass patterns, and TR = 4, 5 are tracks for rhythm patterns. First, 0 is set in the track number register TR (n51). The data pointed by the pointer of the track designated by TR is read to read the event time register EVT and the event data register E.
It is set in each register of VNT, key code register KC, and velocity register VEL. Sound generation timing data is stored in the event time register EVT. Data indicating the type of event is stored in the event data register EVNT. The key code register KC stores the tone key code to be pronounced or the type of rhythm sound. The velocity register VEL stores tone intensity data. If the event timing EVT does not match the current clock or the read event data EVNT is end data, nothing is done and the processing for this track ends (n53, n).
54).

If the event timing EVT coincides with the current clock and is an event other than the end data, the note processing operation (n55) for producing the tone is executed, and then the pointer is advanced by one event (n56).
In n57, add 1 to TR and n until TR becomes 6 or more.
The operations of 52 to n56 are repeatedly executed. After this processing, the counting operation (n59) is performed to count up the clock register and the like, and then return.

FIG. 7 is a flow chart showing the note processing operation executed at n55.

If the read event is a key-on event, the operations of n71 to n82 are executed. On the other hand, if the read event is a key-off event, n85-
The operation of n87 is executed. In the case of a key-on event, the track number TR of the read event and the counter CCT that measures the time after the change of the chord are judged. If TR ≦ 3, it means that the track is a chord track or a bass track, so the key code is converted based on the chord and then the sound is produced (n74). If the chord is not detected, the pitch cannot be converted, and the process directly returns (n73). RT, TP when chord is decided
The key code is converted in accordance with (n74), and the key-on signal, the key code KC, the velocity data VEL, and the track number TR are output to the tone signal forming circuit 17. BK only when this track is a base track (TR = 3)
Set 1 to ON, VEL to BVEL, B
KC is set to KC and -1 is set to KONT (n77). On the other hand, if the read track is a rhythm sound track (TR = 4, 5), it is not necessary to convert the key code KC.
Go to 5.

If TR = 3 and CCT <3 among them, the value of VEL is copied to BVEL in order to reproduce the bass tone again (n78), and this BVEL is 2
In the case of, adjust to the volume that you can actually hear (n79, n
80). After keying off the musical tones that have been played so far, the key code of the note name corresponding to the root of the predetermined octave as the bass tone is set in BKC (n8).
2). After this, proceed to n75.

On the other hand, a key-off signal is sent to the track corresponding to the data from which the key-off event is read (n85), and when TR = 3, BKON is set to 0 (n86).

FIG. 8 is a flow chart showing the count operation executed at n59 of the interrupt operation. In this operation, the counter is incremented by 1 until CLK becomes 191 (n91). When CLK becomes 191, CLK is set to 0 (n92) and the accompaniment pattern read pointer is set to the beginning (n93). .. That is, since 1 beat = 24 clocks is counted, 2 bars of 4 beats are 192 counts of 0 to 191. After this, C
If CT <3, add 1 to CCT (n94, n9
5) If KONT <8, 1 is added to KONT (n96, n97).

By the above operation, even at the timing when the bass sound is not normally sounded (dummy data is sounded), the bass sound can be sounded by the listener by rewriting the velocity of the dummy data. As a result, a bass tone that does not exist in the original bass pattern can be generated only when the chord changes, and the change in the chord becomes clear.

In this embodiment, since the tone data in which the velocity data is extremely small is stored, the bass tone can be sounded only by rewriting the velocity data. Further, the pronunciation data may be added when the chord changes.

[0034]

As described above, according to the present invention, when the chord changes, the root note of the chord is pronounced as the bass note at a predetermined timing, so that the change of the chord can be clearly expressed. ..

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an electronic musical instrument that is an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining a sounding timing of a bass sound of the electronic musical instrument.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the operation of the electronic musical instrument.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the operation of the electronic musical instrument.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the operation of the electronic musical instrument.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the operation of the electronic musical instrument.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing the operation of the electronic musical instrument.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing the operation of the electronic musical instrument.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Performance information input means for inputting performance information including pitches of musical tones, chord detection means for detecting chords designated based on the performance information input from the performance information input means, and Pattern storage means for storing an accompaniment pattern including a base pattern having data for sounding and data for sounding only when the chord changes; based on the chord detected by the chord detection means and the accompaniment pattern stored by the pattern storage means Accompaniment sound producing means for outputting an accompaniment sound, and when the chord detected by the chord detecting means is changed, a bass sound which is produced as a bass sound with a root note of the chord according to data produced only when the chord of the bass pattern changes An automatic accompaniment device having a sound producing means.