JP3379253B2 - Electronic musical instrument - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electronic musical instrument having a function of generating an additional sound based on a pitch and a chord specified by a player. 2. Description of the Related Art Some electronic musical instruments currently in practical use have a function of producing accompaniment sounds and additional sounds in accordance with the performance of a player. When the performer plays the melody in the right key range of the keyboard (specifies the pitch) and specifies the chord in the left key range, it performs automatic accompaniment based on the specified chord, and creates a harmony according to the chord and the melody. Generates an additional sound such as a melody. With this function, the performer plays a single note melody with the right hand and specifies a chord with the left hand,
It is possible to easily perform a music piece accompanied by an accompaniment composed of a bass sound or a chord sound and an additional sound such as a harmony melody. However, in this type of conventional electronic musical instrument, it is necessary that a chord be specified as a condition for determining the pitch of the additional sound. For this reason, if the performer does not specify a chord, the electronic musical instrument cannot determine what additional sound should be produced, so that only the melody having no additional sound as well as the base sound and chord sound is played. There was a drawback that the performance would be a light performance with a small number of sounds. An object of the present invention is to provide an electronic musical instrument capable of producing an additional sound based on a melody (specified pitch) even when a chord is not specified. [0005] Means for Solving the Problems The invention of claim 1 of this application is a pitch designation means for designating a tone pitch, a chord designating means for designating a chord, by designation from the chord designating means sum
Determining means for determining whether or not a sound is established;
Each time a pitch is specified by the pitch specifying means,
Make a judgment, and if it is determined that the chord is
Based on the specified chord and the specified pitch
When a sound is determined and it is determined that a chord is not established
Is a deciding means that decides the additional sound only from the specified pitch
And the pitch designated by the pitch designation means and the determination means
Sounding means for generating the additional sound determined in step (1). [0008] In the electronic musical instrument of the present invention, the pitch is specified by the pitch specifying means, and a musical tone having this pitch is generated. This pitch designation means is a means for designating the pitch of a single-tone melody, for example. Further, a chord is designated by the chord designation means. When a pitch is designated by the pitch designation means and a chord is designated by the chord designation means, an additional sound is generated based on these pitches and chords. The additional sound is, for example, a harmony melody of the melody specified by the pitch specifying means. Thereby, an appropriate additional sound based on the pitch and the chord is generated. Further, when only the pitch is specified and the chord is not specified , the additional sound is generated based on the pitch. This additional sound is, for example, a musical tone having a pitch one octave below the pitch specified by the pitch specifying means. By generating the additional sound only in relation to the pitch as described above, it is possible to generate the additional sound even when the chord is not specified. In this case, by setting the pitch of the additional sound so as to have a specific relationship with the pitch specified by the pitch specifying means such as the above octave relationship, an inappropriate pitch is set even when a chord is not specified. Can be avoided. FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an electronic musical instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention. This electronic musical instrument is an electronic keyboard musical instrument having an automatic accompaniment function and a harmony function. The automatic accompaniment function is a function of automatically generating a rhythm sound and automatically playing a bass sound and a chord sound based on a designated chord. Of these functions, the function of producing a bass sound and a chord sound can be set / reset separately from the production of a rhythm sound as an auto bass chord (ABC) function. The harmony function is a function for automatically generating a harmony sound for a melody. A player plays a melody in the right key area of the keyboard 13 and specifies a chord in the left key area. Automatic accompaniment mode (A
In the (BC mode), a rhythm sound is generated, and a bass sound and a chord sound are generated based on a chord specified in the left key range. Also, in the harmony mode, a chord specified in a left key range and a harmony tone corresponding to a pitch specified in a right key range are generated. CPU 10 which is a control device of the electronic musical instrument
Are connected to a program memory 11, a working memory 12, a keyboard 13, a switch group 14, a sound source 15, and an automatic accompaniment device 16 via a bus. The program memory 11 is constituted by a ROM, and stores a control program shown in the flowcharts of FIGS.
The working memory 12 is composed of a RAM,
Are set. The keyboard 13 is a keyboard having a range of about 5 octaves = 61 keys.
About one octave to one and a half octaves are used as keys in the left key range for chord designation. The switch group 14 includes an automatic accompaniment switch for turning on / off an automatic accompaniment mode, an ABC switch for turning on / off an ABC mode, a harmony switch for turning on / off a harmony mode, a style selection switch for selecting an automatic accompaniment style, and A harmony type selection switch for selecting a harmony type is included. The sound source 15 is a circuit that generates a tone signal based on pronunciation data sent from the CPU 10. The tone data includes a tone number TC and a key code KC. The automatic accompaniment device 16 is a circuit that emits a rhythm sound, a bass sound, and a chord sound based on the style number STYL and chord data (root RT, type TP) input from the CPU 10. Automatic performance pattern data of a rhythm sound, a bass sound, and a chord sound are stored inside the automatic accompaniment device 16. The automatic performance device 16 executes an automatic accompaniment by selecting a corresponding pattern according to an instruction from the CPU 10 and reading out the selected pattern. The tone signal generated by the sound source 15 and the automatic accompaniment sound generated by the automatic accompaniment device 16 are input to the mixer 17. The mixer 17 synthesizes these tone signals with a predetermined balance and inputs the signals to the sound system 20. The sound system 20 amplifies the input musical sound signal and emits the sound from a speaker or the like. FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining registers set in the RAM 12. When the automatic accompaniment mode switch is operated, the setting / resetting of the automatic accompaniment flag RUN is reversed. When RUN is set, the automatic accompaniment device 16
Is selected by the style selection switch, and generates a rhythm sound of the style number stored in the style number register STYL. Also, the auto base code flag A
When BC is set, a bass sound and a rhythm sound are also generated in parallel with the rhythm sound. The set / reset of the ABC flag is inverted by the operation of the ABC switch. The accompaniment styles selected by the style number include rock, pop, jazz, and the like. The automatic accompaniment device 16 stores a rhythm pattern, a bass sound pattern, and a chord sound pattern corresponding to each style. When the harmony mode flag HRM is set / reset by the operation of the harmony switch and the HRM is set, a harmony sound corresponding to the player's performance in the right key range is generated. The type of the harmony sound is selected by a harmony type selection switch, and the harmony type number is set in a harmony type number register HRTP. The pitch of the melody sound played in the right key range is set in the key code buffer KC. Harmony types include duets and trios. The duet is a mode in which one melody of the melody is pronounced, and the trio is a mode in which two melody are pronounced. The timbre of the harmony tone is determined based on the harmony type (HRTP), and is set in the harmony tone number register HTC. The pitch of the harmony tone corresponds to the pitch of the melody, and is determined to match the chord (chord) specified at that time. The chord is designated by a key combination in the left key range, but this chord designation detection operation is executed only in the ABC mode. The root of the detected chord is stored in the root register RT, and the type of the detected chord is stored in the type register TP. The pitch of the harmony sound determined according to these data is written to the harmony key code register HKC. The harmony tone number HTC and the harmony key code HKC are transmitted to the sound source 15 and are generated by the sound source 15 in parallel with the melody. FIGS. 3 to 6 are flowcharts showing the operation of the electronic musical instrument. FIG. 3 shows the main routine. This flowchart shows an operation corresponding to a player's operation of various switches. First, initial setting is performed in n1. The initial setting is an operation such as resetting of a register. This processing enables the electronic musical instrument to perform sounding and automatic accompaniment operations. Next, in n2, the presence or absence of a key event on the keyboard 13 is determined. If there is a key event, the n3 key event processing operation is executed. In n4, it is determined whether or not there is a style selection switch event. When there is an operation event of the style selection switch, the style number selected by the operation is set in the style number register STYL (n5). At n6, it is determined whether or not the automatic accompaniment switch is on. When the automatic accompaniment switch is turned on, an automatic accompaniment start / stop operation of n7 is executed. In n8, it is determined whether or not there is an ABC switch on event. When the ABC switch is turned on, the auto base chord flag ABC is inverted (n9), and a chord (if it is set to F _H or the like) when a chord is not established is set in the root register RT (n10). ). Thereafter, it is determined whether or not the automatic accompaniment flag RUN is set (n11). If the RUN is set, the automatic accompaniment device 16 is set to auto-base in response to the setting / resetting of the ABC flag. Code O
An N / OFF signal is transmitted (n12). At n13, it is determined whether or not there is a harmony type selection switch event. When there is an operation event of the harmony type selection switch, the harmony type number selected by the operation is set in the harmony type number register HMTP (n14). Next, in n15, it is determined whether or not there is an ON event of the harmony switch. When the harmony switch is turned on, the harmony mode flag HRM is inverted (n1
6). After the above operation, other processing such as sound generation processing is executed (n17), and the process returns to n2. Hereinafter, this operation is repeatedly performed. FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the key event processing operation. First, it is determined whether or not the ABC flag is set and the left key range is set (n20, n).
21). When both conditions are satisfied, that is, when the key in the left key range is turned on / off in the ABC mode, the chord designation processing is executed because the chord designation is changed (n2).
2). The chord detection process is a process of detecting a designated chord based on a combination of keys turned on in the left key range at that time, but a conventionally known detection method may be used.
If the chord designation has not been established, that is, if the key combination turned on in the left key range at that time has not been designated as a chord, the process returns as it is in the judgment of n23. If the chord is specified, the root of the specified chord is written in RT, and the type of chord is written in TP (n24). On the other hand, if it is determined in n20 that the current mode is not the ABC mode, or if the current mode is the ABC mode but the key event is in the right key range (n21), it is a melody key event and the chord designation is not changed. Therefore, the key code of the key having the on / off event is set in KC (n25), and the on / off processing of the musical sound (melody sound) corresponding to the KC is executed (n26). Next, it is determined whether the harmony mode flag HRM is set / reset (n2
7). If the HRM is set, that is, if the harmony mode is set, the harmony addition process is executed (n28). If it is not in the harmony mode, the routine returns. FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the harmony addition processing operation. First, a harmony tone is selected and set in the harmony tone register HTC (n3
0). This harmony tone is harmony type HRTP
Is selected based on Next, it is determined whether or not a chord is designated (n31, n32). That is, the mode is the ABC mode for executing the designated chord detection operation (n31).
Further, it is determined that the content of the root register RT is not a chord failure chord (n32). If this condition is satisfied,
Since the root of the designated chord is stored in the RT and the type is stored in the TP, the pitch HKC of the harmony sound is determined based on the RT, TP, the key code KC of the melody sound and the harmony type HRTP, and this HKC is determined. Output to the sound source 15 together with the harmony tone number HTC (n33). The sound source 15 emits a harmony sound based on this data. On the other hand, when the mode is not the ABC mode (n3
1) Or, when the content of the root register RT is a chord unsatisfied chord (F _H ) (n32), since the chord is not specified, the pitch HKC of the harmony tone is determined based only on the pitch KC of the melody tone. (N34). In this embodiment, the pitch one octave below the pitch KC of the melody tone (12 semitones below) is set as the pitch of the harmony tone. The HKC determined in this way is used together with the HTC in the sound source 15.
(N35) to generate a harmony sound. FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the automatic accompaniment start / stop processing, that is, the operation corresponding to the ON event of the automatic accompaniment switch. When the automatic accompaniment switch is turned on, first, the automatic accompaniment flag RUN is inverted (n4).
0). When RUN = 1 (set) as a result of the inversion, the automatic accompaniment is started, and a start signal is output to the automatic accompaniment device 16 (n42). In response to this start signal, the automatic accompaniment device 16 starts producing a rhythm pattern in the style set at that time. Next,
It is determined whether the ABC flag = 1, that is, whether the current mode is the ABC mode (n44). In the ABC mode, an auto bass chord ON signal and the root RT and type TP of the chord specified at that time are output to the automatic accompaniment device 16 to produce a bass sound and a chord sound together with the rhythm sound (n45). ). Based on this data, the automatic accompaniment device automatically generates a chord sound such as a bass sound or an arpeggio based on a chord. The arpeggio pattern and the like are stored in the automatic accompaniment device as an accompaniment pattern. On the other hand, as a result of the inversion of RUN, RUN = 0
If (reset), a stop signal is output to the automatic accompaniment device 16 (n43). The stop signal stops the sound of the rhythm sound, and in the case of the ABC mode, stops the base sound and the chord sound at the same time. In the key event operation of the above embodiment (FIG. 4), if the chord designation is not established in the ABC mode, the root register RT and the type register T
In this way, if the chord is not established, the bass, chord, and harmony sounds are generated based on the previously specified chord. Can be continued. If the chord designation is not established, a chord unsatisfied code may be written to the root register RT and the process may return. In this case, when no chord is specified, the pitch of the harmony tone is determined corresponding to only the pitch of the melody. In this case, the bass sound and the chord sound may be generated based on the immediately preceding chord, and the harmony sound may be generated based on the melody sound at that time. Further, in the above embodiment, the pitch of the harmony sound when the chord is not detected is the sound one octave lower than the melody sound, but the pitch of the harmony sound in this case is not limited to this. For example, a pitch three degrees lower than the melody sound may be selected, or may be determined based on a predetermined rule. As a rule, for example, a harmony sound may be determined based on the fact that a pitch frequently appearing as a melody sound is a chord constituent sound at that time, and automatic accompaniment (sounding of a rhythm sound) may be performed. In this case, it may be inferred that the melody sound at the beginning of the measure (the first beat) is a chord constituent sound. As described above, according to the present invention, when a chord is specified together with a pitch, an additional sound is generated based on both data. product it is possible to, also, even if the pitch only is specified chord not specified, it is possible to sound the additional sound based on the pitch, also no longer pronounced until addition sound by the chord is not specified And beginners can play rich sounds.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an electronic musical instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating registers set in a RAM of the electronic musical instrument. FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the operation of the electronic musical instrument (key event processing operation). FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the operation of the electronic musical instrument (harmony adding operation). Flow chart showing operation (automatic accompaniment start / stop operation)

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-58-207089 (JP, A) JP-A-50-11416 (JP, A) JP-A-56-1553387 (JP, A) 281970 (JP, A) JP-A-4-118696 (JP, A) JP-A-60-163096 (JP, A) JP-A-3-5200 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) G10H 1/00-7/12

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims 1] A pitch designation means for designating a pitch, a chord designation means for designating a chord, and a chord being established by designation from the chord designation means.
Determination means for determining whether or not the pitch is specified, and the determination means each time a pitch is specified by the pitch specification means.
Judgment is made at the stage and it is determined that the chord is established.
Ki is based on the established chord and the specified pitch
To determine the additional sound and judge that the chord is not established
Sometimes the decision to determine the additional sound only from the specified pitch
Means, a pitch designated by the pitch designation means and the decision means.
An electronic musical instrument comprising: a sound generating means for generating a predetermined additional sound .