JP2689614B2 - Electronic musical instrument - Google Patents

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electronic musical instrument which exhibits a timbre change similar to that of a natural musical instrument among electronic musical instruments.

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, the digital sound source synthesis method has been introduced to electronic musical instruments, and the quality of synthesized speech has been remarkably improved. Moreover, there are various input methods such as keyboard, wind instrument shape, and guitar shape. It is becoming more common. In order to realize a response to a performance expression similar to that of a natural musical instrument, these electronic musical instruments have, for example, a touch response function that changes a synthetic sound to be output according to the strength with which the keyboard is struck, and two inputs to the keyboard. A legato function has been proposed which changes the synthesized sound output when the sound is continuous and when it is not continuous. Such a function is described in detail, for example, in JP-A-60-209793 or JP-A-59-176784.

Hereinafter, an electronic musical instrument that realizes the above-described touch response function will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 15 shows the configuration of a conventional electronic musical instrument. No.
In FIG. 15, 20 is a pitch indicator, 21 is a pronunciation indicator, and 24 to
Reference numeral 26 is a tone synthesis unit, 23 is a selector, 27 is a tone generation unit, and 40 is a touch detection unit.

The operation of the electronic musical instrument configured as described above will be described below.

The tone synthesis units 24, 25, and 26, which constitute the tone generation unit 27, are supposed to synthesize and output tones of tone colors corresponding to the strength of the touch, that is, the performance.

First, the pitch of the sound to be output is input to the pitch indicating section 20. It is assumed that the pitch indicating section 20 has an input form such as a keyboard, a wind instrument shape, or a guitar shape. The pitch instructing unit 20 determines the input mode of the pitch instruction according to the position of the depressed key in the case of a keyboard, the combination pattern of the depressed keys in the case of a wind instrument shape, and the case of a guitar shape. The pitch of the musical tone to be output (so-called pitch name) is determined according to the position (fret) where the string is pressed, and the pitch data is output to the musical tone generator 27. When the input form of the pitch instructing section 20 is, for example, a keyboard consisting of 88 keys, the pitch data 1,
The pitch data consisting of 7 bits is output as 2, ..., 86,87.

The pronunciation instruction unit 21 is for pressing and releasing keys when the pronunciation instruction input form is a keyboard, for starting and stopping exhalation in the case of a wind instrument shape, and for strings in the case of a guitar shape. The ON / OFF information of the musical sound to be output in response to the start / stop of the vibration of the, that is, the information on the start / stop of the musical sound generation is output.

In the tone generator 27, the tone synthesizers 24, 25, and 26 generate pitch data according to the pitch data input from the pitch indicator 20 and the ON / OFF information input from the tone generator 21 and start sounding. , At the timing of the stop, a predetermined weak sound, medium sound,
Synthesizing and outputting musical tones of tones corresponding to strong sounds. Here, each tone synthesizer 24, 25, 26 can be composed of, for example, a waveform memory, an address generator, and a clock generator, and outputs a clock proportional to a pitch to be output from the clock generator, The tone waveform data stored in the waveform memory can be sequentially output by the address output of the address generator that is incremented by the timing corresponding to the clock.

On the other hand, the sounding instruction unit 21 measures the amount of touch input corresponding to various sounding instruction input forms in order to realize a touch response function, and outputs the measured value A to the touch detection unit 40. As the touch input amount, it is possible to use the key pressing speed in the case of keyboard input, the flow rate of exhalation in the case of a wind instrument shape, and the strength of string vibration in the case of a guitar shape. The touch detection unit 40 determines the touch value Tv as shown in Table 1 by comparing the input measurement value A with predetermined touch determination values Tp and Tf, and outputs the touch value Tv to the selector 23.

The selector 23 selectively outputs the outputs of the musical sound synthesis units 24, 25, 26 in accordance with the input touch value Tv. That is, when the touch value Tv is 1, the tone synthesis unit 24 that outputs a tone of a tone color corresponding to a weak tone is selected, and when the touch value Tv is 2, a tone tone corresponding to a middle tone (from meso piano to meso forte) is selected. When the tone synthesizing section 25 to be output is selected and the touch value Tv is 3, the tone synthesizing section 26 which outputs a tone having a tone color corresponding to a strong tone is selected and output.

As described above, it is possible to obtain a musical tone having a tone corresponding to the touch expression input.

In an electronic musical instrument having a legato function, it is detected whether or not two inputs to the sounding instruction unit 21 are continuous in time (legato) or not (non-legato), and the selector 23 determines whether the two inputs are in legato according to the result. Alternatively, the legato function is realized by selecting a tone synthesis section that outputs a tone of a tone color of non-legato.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION However, with the above-described configuration, it is possible to cope with the general characteristics of a natural musical instrument, that is, the tone color changes according to the strength of the touch, or the tone color changes according to the legato playing style. It is possible to give a response characteristic to an electronic musical instrument, but the same note name (same pitch), such as the use of different fingers in wind instruments or strings in stringed instruments.
Even when there are a plurality of performance forms for playing the sound, there is a problem that the tone colors corresponding to the plurality of performance forms cannot be used properly.

In view of the above problems, the present invention enables, when there are a plurality of performance forms for playing a note with the same pitch name, to use different timbres corresponding to those performance forms depending on the performance. It is a first object of the present invention to provide a performance form determination device required for the above.

A second object of the present invention is to provide an electronic musical instrument capable of selectively using different timbres corresponding to the performance forms when there are a plurality of performance states for playing a note having the same note name. And

Furthermore, the present invention provides an electronic musical instrument that can be used while playing a tone color corresponding to a performance form when there are a plurality of performance forms for playing a note having the same note name. The purpose is 3.

Means for Solving the Problem In order to achieve the first object, the morphological determination apparatus of the present invention provides a candidate table indicating how many musical performance candidates there are for a pitch, and a characteristic peculiar to each musical performance. It is composed of a form table held as data, a memory for temporarily storing data necessary for performance form determination, and a determination unit for determining the performance form by referring to each table and the data stored in the memory.

In order to achieve the second object, the electronic musical instrument of the present invention comprises:
A data input unit, a form determining unit for determining a performance form of a musical sound to be output, a tone color controlling unit for instructing selection of a tone color corresponding to the form, and a sounding instructing unit for instructing sounding timing,
It is composed of a musical tone generating section that generates a plurality of tone colors that differ depending on the playing style.

In order to achieve the third object, the electronic musical instrument of the present invention comprises:
A pitch instructing unit for inputting a pitch, a form determining unit for determining a playing form of a musical sound to be output, a tone color controlling unit for instructing selection of a tone color corresponding to the form, and a sounding instructing unit for instructing sounding timing. , A musical tone generating section for generating a plurality of tone colors which differ depending on the playing state.

With this configuration, when the pitch of the musical tone to be output is input, the determination unit of the morphology determination device reads the number of performance pattern candidates existing for that pitch from the candidate table, and plays each candidate. The judgment value of each candidate is calculated by reading the form data unique to the form from the form table and referring to the data temporarily stored in the memory. Furthermore, since the determination unit determines the final performance form candidate based on the calculated determination value, the performance form that gives the highest (or lowest) determination value is selected from the performance form candidates. Become.

With this configuration, the form determination unit of the electronic musical instrument determines one performance form among a plurality of performance forms existing for the pitch of the musical tone to be output, and outputs the determined performance form to the tone color control unit. . The musical tone generating section receives, from the data input section, a musical tone of a tone color determined by the tone color selection code output from the tone color control section corresponding to the determined playing style among a plurality of tone colors that differ depending on the playing style. It will be output according to the pitch data and the sound generation timing.

With this configuration, the form determination unit of the electronic musical instrument determines one performance form among a plurality of performance forms existing for the pitch of the musical tone to be output, and outputs the determined performance form to the tone color control unit. . The tone generation section outputs, from the tone pitch instruction section, a tone color of a tone color determined by the tone color selection code output from the tone color control section corresponding to the determined playing style among a plurality of tone colors that differ depending on the playing style. The pitch is in accordance with the pitch data that is output according to the sounding timing output from the sounding instruction unit.

Embodiment 1 Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an electronic musical instrument according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

In FIG. 1, 10 is a pitch instructing section, 11 is a sounding instructing section,
Reference numeral 12 is a tone color control unit, 13 is a form determination unit, and 141 to 148 are tone generation units. Reference numeral 23 is a selector, which has the same structure as the conventional one.

When the type of musical tone to be output is a guitar, the musical tone synthesizing units 141, 142, 143 constituting the musical tone generating unit 17 are, for example, respectively, when the first string (highest string) of a six-string guitar is played with an open string. The tone, the tone when the fifth fret of the second string is pressed and played, and the tone when the ninth fret of the third string is pressed and played are synthesized and output. That is, these timbres are the sounds of a guitar having the same pitch, but the timbres are completely different, and such a state is called a replacement string.

When the type of the musical tone to be output is a wind instrument, the musical tone synthesizing units 144 and 145 constituting the musical tone generating unit 17 are, for example, the tone color of "do" which is called by the floor name, and the fingering when the finger is almost pressed. Regarding the sound of the closed tube “do”, the tone of the open tube “do” by fingering when the finger is almost released is synthesized and output. In other words, even though most wind instruments have different note names (absolute note names), the so-called "do" sound called the "floor name" is similar to the open-ended fingering and close-closed tubes as described above. There is a performance form by fingering, and these tones are sounds of a wind instrument with the same pitch, but the tone colors are completely different, and such a form is called a substitute finger.

In order to explain what to think about as a performance form in an easy-to-understand manner, "alternative strings" and "alternative fingers" have been described above. However, for example, the tone color changes depending on how the violin is held by the left hand, that is, It can be understood as a performance form, such as when the tone color changes by pressing or pressing gently, that is, the pitch when trying to input the performance expression instead of the dynamic performance expression such as so-called touch response. The static form for defining is called the play form.

In the present embodiment, an electronic musical instrument that produces the sound of a vertical whistle will be described.

FIG. 2 shows the vertical whistle body and its sound hole Si. Where i
= 1,2, ..., 8. The performance of a vertical whistle is generally performed by fingering as shown in Table 2. Each Si (i = 1,2, ...,
8) represents the sound hole of the vertical whistle, and in Table 2 it is shown as ● and ○ respectively when the sound hole Si is pressed and when it is not pressed.

First, after inputting a pitch of a musical sound to be output to the pitch instructing section 10, a sounding timing is input and input to the sounding instructing section 11 regarding turning on and off of the musical sound to be output. Pitch indicator
The input to the 10 and the pronunciation instruction unit 11 can be performed by, for example, a keyboard. The form determining unit 13 determines the performance form of the musical sound to be output based on the pitch data output from the pitch instructing unit 10, and outputs a signal specifying the determined performance form.
The tone color control section 12 sends a signal for selecting a tone color corresponding to an input signal for specifying a performance form to the selector of the tone generation section 17.
Since it is output to 23, a musical tone of a tone color corresponding to the determined performance form is output.

Hereinafter, the determination of the performance mode by the mode determination unit 13 will be described in detail.

FIG. 3 shows a configuration example of the form determining unit 13. In FIG. 3, 30 is a determination unit, 31 is a memory, 32 is a candidate table, 33
Is a form table. The determination unit 30 sequentially reads 3 bytes of continuous data with ADRS1 determined according to the expression (1) as the start address in the candidate table 32 according to the pitch data Pi output from the pitch instruction unit 10. Table data of the candidate table 32 is assumed to be as shown in Table 3. That is, the data N in the first byte is the number-of-forms data, which indicates that there are N performance forms having the same pitch. Also, the data of the 2nd and 3rd bytes are
Start address ADRS of corresponding data in form table 33
2 is shown.

ADSR1 = 2 ・ (Pi-1)… (1) Next, the determination unit 30 determines the address ADRS2 of the form table 33.
2 bytes are set as one set for data starting with, and the data is continuously read by N sets of form numbers. Here, it is assumed that the table data of the form table 33 is as shown in Table 4. Here, 1 of 1 set
The data of the byte is a form number (hereinafter, referred to as form No.) for specifying the playing form, and the second byte is the form data given corresponding to the playing form.

The determination unit 30 obtains the distance between the morphological data K temporarily stored in the memory 31 and each of the N morphological data read this time, and the morphological data giving the smallest distance is stored in the memory 31.
When it is stored in, the form number that forms a set with the form data is output. Here, the morphological data K is morphological data that forms a set with the morphological number output immediately before. In the present embodiment, the form data is bit-off (= 0) and bit-on (= 1) for the open hole according to the pattern of the open and closed sound holes Si of the vertical whistle.

The operation of the determination unit 30 described above will be described in more detail.

It is assumed that the note name of the note output immediately before is B ₂ and the value of the form data K stored in the memory 31 is '81'. At this time, if the input to the pitch instructing unit 10 is the pitch name C ₃ , the pitch instructing unit 10 outputs the pitch data Pi = 8.
Since the determination unit 30 reads 3 bytes of data ('02', '00', '0E') in the candidate table 32 whose start address is ADRS1 = '000E' according to the equation (1), the number of forms N =
2, ADRS2 = '000E'. Next, the determination unit 30 reads data 2N (= 4) bytes ('08', '41', '09', 'FE') from the address ADRS2 of the form table 33. As described above, the first set of form candidates has the form number and the form data of 08 and 41, respectively, and the second set has the form number of 09 and FE. The determination unit 30 calculates the distances L _{i, 1} and L _{i, 2} between the morphological data K (= '81 ') stored in the memory 31 and the morphological data of the first set and the second set. In this embodiment, the distance L is defined as how many bits have different values by comparing the values for each bit between the two form data. Therefore, the two distances obtained in this case are L _{i, 2} = 2 and L _{i, 2} = 7 for each of the first set and the second set, and the first set is selected. The value 41 is stored in the 31 as the latest form data, and the form N is stored in the tone color control unit 12.
o.'08 'will be output. Therefore, the pitch data P
The distance L _{i, 1} (j = 1,2, ..., m) from the morphological data K stored in the memory 31 is calculated for each of the morphological data of m performance patterns existing for _i. When the nth distance L _{i, n} indicates the smallest value,
The nth set is used as a form candidate. At this time, when there are a plurality of sets giving the minimum distance, for example, the set having the smallest number may be selected.

The timbre control unit 12 can be configured as shown in FIG. 4, for example. In FIG. 4, 34 is a tone color table, 35
Is a control unit.

The control unit 35 calculates the address ADRS3 obtained from the input form number by the equation (2), and the tone color table 34
One byte of the tone color selection code is read from the corresponding address ADRS3 in the table and is output to the selector 23.

ADSR3 = (form No.)-1 (2) In this way, the timbre control unit 12 determines the timbre selection code corresponding to the form No. output from the form determination unit 13 according to Table 5, Tone selection code '4'
Output to 17. The musical sound generator 17 is similar to the conventional example,
The selector 23 selects the output of the tone synthesis unit 144 according to the tone color selection code that is input. Therefore, the pronunciation instruction unit 21
When the start of sounding is instructed, the musical sound synthesizing section 144 starts musical sound synthesizing, and its output becomes the finally outputted musical sound.

Similarly, in the case of a guitar-shaped input form, for example, respective tone synthesis units corresponding to tone colors of different tones having the same pitch that can be output by the first string, the second string, and the third string are output. It is possible to selectively output a characteristic timbre for each string by properly using the timbre to be used.

In the above, the tone synthesis section selected by the tone color selection code is configured to share four tone colors in one octave or one tone color for one string in the pitch direction. It is possible to further subdivide the timbre, and in the same manner as in the conventional example, it is possible to add a touch response function to the timbre corresponding to the replacement finger.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the form determination unit determines a performance form such as a finger or a replacement string similar to that of a natural musical instrument according to the pitch data of the output musical tone instructed to the pitch instructing unit, and the tone color Since the control unit outputs the tone color selection code corresponding to the playing mode, the tone generation unit outputs the tone color corresponding to the tone color selection code, that is, different tone colors depending on the finger and the string to be changed. Therefore, a tone color change similar to that of a natural musical instrument can be realized.

Hereinafter, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of an electronic musical instrument according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

In FIG. 5, reference numeral 18 denotes a form determining unit, and other components are the same as those in the first embodiment.

Also in this embodiment, as in the first embodiment, an electronic musical instrument that produces a musical sound of a vertical whistle will be described.

First, after inputting the pitch of a musical sound to be output to the pitch instructing section 10, the sounding timing regarding the on / off of the musical sound to be input is input to the sounding instructing section 11. Pitch indicator
The input to the 10 and the pronunciation instruction unit 11 can be performed by, for example, a keyboard. The form determination unit 18 determines the performance form of the musical tone to be output based on the pitch data output from the pitch instructing unit 10 and the on / off data output from the sounding instructing unit 11, and outputs a signal specifying the determined performance form. Output. Since the tone color control unit 12 outputs a signal for selecting a tone color corresponding to the signal specifying the input playing form to the selector 23 of the musical tone generating unit 17, a tone of the tone color corresponding to the judged playing form is output. It will be.

Hereinafter, the determination of the performance mode by the mode determination unit 18 will be described in detail.

FIG. 6 shows a configuration example of the form determining unit 18. In FIG. 6, reference numeral 35 is a determination unit, 36 is a timer control unit, 37 is a timer counter, and the other components are the same as those in the first embodiment.

The timer control unit 36 controls the timer counter 37 corresponding to the on / off data output from the sounding instructing unit 11 to instruct the sounding timing. That is, when the data of sound generation timing off is input, the timer control unit 36 causes the timer counter 36 to
When 37 is reset and the data of sounding timing ON is input, the counting operation of the timer counter 37 is stopped.
The timer counter 37 starts the count-up operation after the count value T is reset to 0 by the reset signal input from the timer control unit 36, and the timer control unit 36
The count-up operation is stopped by the count stop signal input from. On the other hand the timer counter 37
Indicates that the count value T is a predetermined count value Tm
When the value is equal to or more than, the count-up operation is stopped. The timer counter 37 that operates as described above,
When the count value T is smaller than a predetermined count value Tm, the candidate selection signal value 1 is output to the determination unit 35, and at other times, the candidate selection signal value 0 is output to the determination unit 35.

The relational diagram of each signal and operation according to the above operation is shown in FIGS. 7 and 8.

In the first set in the form candidate table 32, performance form candidates of the most preferable timbre among the substitute fingers or substitute strings are stored.

FIG. 7 shows a case where the count value T is smaller than the predetermined count value Tm. Hereinafter, the operation of each part and the signal relationship will be described with reference to FIG.

When the tone generation instruction unit 11 outputs the tone generation timing signal OFF, the timer control unit 36 turns on the reset signal and turns on the count signal in response to the fall of the tone generation timing signal. The timer counter 37 resets the count value T to 0 in response to the fall of the reset signal from ON to OFF, resets T to 0 in response to ON of the count signal, and then turns ON the count signal. In response to, the count-up operation is started and the candidate selection signal "1" is output.

Next, when the tone generation instruction unit 11 outputs the tone generation timing signal ON, the timer control unit 36 outputs the count signal OFF (count stop signal) in response to the rise of the tone generation timing signal. The timer counter 37 stops the count operation in response to the turning off of the count signal. At this time, since the count value T is smaller than the predetermined count value Tm, the candidate selection signal remains "1", and the performance form candidate selection operation is performed. Timer counter 37
When the clock used by the timer counter 37 for counting operation is Kt [mSec], the time lengths corresponding to the count value T and the predetermined count value Tm of T
It becomes [mSec].

FIG. 8 shows a case where the predetermined count value Tm and the count value T become equal. Hereinafter, the relationship between the operation of each part and the signal will be described with reference to FIG.

When the tone generation instruction section 11 outputs ON of the tone generation timing signal, the timer counter 37 resets the counter value T to 0 and then starts the count-up operation in the same manner as the operation described in detail in FIG. Then, the candidate selection signal “1” is output. However, since the count value T becomes equal to the predetermined count value Tm in the timer counter 37 before the sound generation instructing unit 11 outputs the sounding timing signal ON, the timer counter 37
The count-up operation is stopped and the candidate selection signal "0" is output. Therefore, the determining unit 35 outputs the first set of form numbers of form candidates without performing the performance form candidate selecting operation.

When the candidate selection signal value input from the timer counter 37 is 1, the judging section 35 judges the playing mode by the same operation as in the first embodiment, but the candidate selection signal value is 0.
At the time of, without performing the operation of selecting the performance form candidate, simply,
The first set of form candidates is the performance form, and the form No.
Output.

Therefore, when the determination unit 35 is performing the performance mode determination operation, the optimal mode candidate is selected according to the performance, and the determination unit 35 performs the performance mode determination operation, as in the first embodiment. Is not performed, that is, when the musical tone output is instructed after a lapse of a predetermined time or more after the immediately preceding musical tone output is finished, the musical instrument is played in a performance form that outputs a musical tone of a preferable tone color. Since there are many types, by setting such a play form as the first set of form candidates, a form number of a preferable play form is output.

In the above, the predetermined time differs depending on the type of musical instrument to be output, and for example, about 0.15 seconds for a vertical flute or flute, and about 0.1 seconds for a guitar or violin is desirable. Therefore, the timer counter 37
Assuming that the clock supplied to is 1 millisecond, for example, in the case of a whistle whistle, the predetermined count value Tm is 15
It becomes 0.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, according to the pitch data of the output musical tone instructed to the pitch instructing section and the sounding timing instructed to the sounding instructing section, the morphological determination section has the same replacement finger as the natural musical instrument or Since the performance pattern of the replacement string etc. is determined and the tone color control section outputs the tone color selection code corresponding to the performance pattern, the tone generation section corresponds to the tone color selection code, that is, according to the replacement finger or the replacement string. Since the musical tones of different tones are output, it is possible to realize the same tone color change as that of the natural musical instrument.

Hereinafter, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 9 is a block diagram of an electronic musical instrument according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

In FIG. 9, reference numeral 38 is a data input unit, and the other components are the same as those in the first embodiment.

Also in this embodiment, as in the first embodiment, an electronic musical instrument that produces a musical sound of a vertical whistle will be described.

First, when the performance information is input, the data input section 38 separates the performance information into pitch data and on / off data indicating the sounding timing, and outputs it. In this embodiment, if the performance information is composed of pitch data of 7 bits and on / off data of 1 bit, the performance information can be represented as 1-byte data as shown in FIG. Therefore, when the performance information shown in FIG. 11 is input, the data input section 38 sends out pitch data (= 16) and on data, and when the performance information shown in FIG. Only send out.

The form determining unit 13 outputs the form No. based on the pitch data by the same operation as that of the first embodiment, and the tone of the tone color corresponding to the form No. is output.

Although the form determination unit 13 in this embodiment is the same as that in the first embodiment, the form No. may be determined from the pitch data and the on / off data as in the second embodiment. .

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the data input section separates and outputs pitch data or on / off data from the performance information input by the input automatic performance device or performance information communication, and outputs the output. Based on the above, the morphological determination unit determines the performance form of a finger or a replacement string similar to that of a natural musical instrument, and the tone color control unit outputs the tone color selection code corresponding to the performance form. Since the tones corresponding to the tone color selection code are output, that is, the musical tones having different tone colors are output according to the replacement finger or the replacement string, it is possible to realize an electronic musical instrument that changes the tone color like a natural musical instrument.

Hereinafter, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 13 is a block diagram of an electronic musical instrument according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

In FIG. 13, 19 is a form determining unit, 38 is a data input unit, and the other components are the same as those in the first embodiment.

Also in this embodiment, as in the first embodiment, an electronic musical instrument that produces a musical sound of a vertical whistle will be described.

First, when the performance information is input, the data input section 38 separates the performance information into pitch data and on / off data indicating the sounding timing, and outputs it. In this embodiment, if the performance information is composed of pitch data of 7 bits and on / off data of 1 bit, the performance information can be represented as 1-byte data as shown in FIG. Therefore, when the performance information shown in FIG. 11 is input, the data input section 38 sends out pitch data (= 16) and on data, and when the performance information shown in FIG. Only send out.

The form determination unit 19 outputs the form number from the pitch data and the on / off data in the same manner as in the second embodiment, and outputs the form number.
Although a tone having a tone color corresponding to is output, the configurations of the form determining units 18 and 19 are different.

Below, the determination of the performance mode by the mode determination unit 19 will be described in detail.

FIG. 14 shows a configuration example of the form determining unit 19. In FIG. 14, 39 is a judging unit, 51 is a candidate memory, and other constituent elements are the same as those in the second embodiment.

Since the timer control unit 36 controls the timer counter 37 in the same manner as in the second embodiment in response to the on / off data indicating the sounding timing input from the data input unit 38, the timer counter 37 outputs the second The reset signal or the candidate selection signal is output in the same manner as in the above embodiment.

In the first set in the form candidate table 32, performance form candidates of the most preferable tone color among the substitute fingers or the substitute strings are stored.

The determination unit 39 reads the form data and form No. of the performance form candidate m _i corresponding to the input pitch data Pi by the same operation as in the second embodiment, and temporarily stores them in the candidate memory 51. The distances L (h) _{i, s} between the form data for all combinations with the performance form candidate m _i-1 for the immediately preceding pitch data P _i-1 as in the first embodiment (however, s
= 1,2, ..., m _i , and h = 1,2, ..., m _i-1 ) are calculated. Further, the performance pattern candidate m _i- for the form data determined for the second previous pitch data temporarily stored in the memory 31 and for the previous pitch data Pi-1 temporarily stored in the candidate memory 51. ₁ the distance between _{L i-1, j (j} = 1,2, ..., m i-1) is calculated for all combinations of. Regarding the distance L obtained as described above, the distance L _{i−1, j} between the second preceding pitch data Pi-2 and the immediately preceding pitch data Pi _-1, and the preceding pitch data Addition result L _{i−1, u} + L (u) of the distance L (h) _{i, s} between Pi−1 and the current pitch data Pi
The u-th set giving the smallest value of _{i, s} is determined to be the performance form relating to the immediately preceding pitch data Pi-1, and the form number is set.
Is output to the tone color control unit 12, and its form data is temporarily stored in the memory 31. When there are a plurality of performance form candidates that give the smallest value, the set with the lowest number is prioritized.

Next, the form of performance form candidates related to this pitch data
The No. and the form data are temporarily stored in the candidate memory 51 in the same format as the form table 33. The above operation is
It is assumed that the candidate selection signal output from the timer counter 37 is 1. When the candidate selection signal output from the timer counter 37 is 0, the first set of performance pattern candidates in the candidate memory 51 is played for a desired tone color for the immediately preceding pitch data as in the second embodiment. The form is selected, the form data is temporarily stored in the memory 31, and the form number is output. Next, the candidate memory 5 stores the form number of the performance form candidate and the form data related to the pitch data of this time.
Go to 1 Temporarily store in the same format as the form table 33.

Therefore, including the performance information of musical sounds that come and go in time,
The performance form candidates will be determined. That is, when the performance is B ₂ C ₃ B ₂ , the form number of C ₃ is 8 and D ₃ C ₃ D ₃
In the case of, the form No. of C ₃ is 9. Also, B ₂ C ₃ D ₃ and D ₃ C
_At the time of ₃ B ₂ , the form No. 8 and 9 of C ₃ are the same, so
The first set of 8 has priority.

In the present embodiment, the morphological determination is performed on the immediately preceding pitch data. As a result, the morphological determination operation is delayed by one note. Since it is not necessary to perform the morphological determination operation on the performance information in real time, it is possible to expand the range for further determination and perform more advanced determination. Further, although the candidate selection signal is generated according to the time length between the previous sounding off data generation time and the current sounding on data generation time, the time length between other sounding on / off data It is also possible to make an advanced judgment.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the data input section separates and outputs pitch data or on / off data from the performance information input by the input automatic arithmetic unit or performance information communication, and outputs the output. Based on the above, the morphological determination unit determines the performance pattern of the finger or the replacement string similar to that of the natural musical instrument, including the performance information of the musical sound that precedes and follows the output musical sound, and the timbre control unit responds to the performance pattern. Since the selected tone color selection code is output, it corresponds to the tone color selection code from the tone generation section, that is, it outputs different tone colors depending on the finger and the string to be changed, so that it is similar to the natural tone. An electronic musical instrument that changes tones can be realized.

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION Since the present invention can use different tones of the same pitch and different tones in a natural musical instrument that can be selectively used depending on the pitch and the pitch and the pronunciation timing, the same tone color as the natural musical instrument. Change can be realized.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an electronic musical instrument according to a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an external view of a vertical whistle, and FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a form determining section in the first embodiment. FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a tone color control section, FIG. 5 is a block diagram of an electronic musical instrument according to the second embodiment, and FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a morphological determination section according to the second embodiment. FIGS. 7 and 8 are timing charts showing the relationship between signals and operations in the second embodiment, FIG. 9 is a block diagram of the electronic musical instrument in the third embodiment, and FIGS. FIG. 13 is a diagram exemplifying input data in the third embodiment, FIG. 13 is a block diagram of an electronic musical instrument in the fourth embodiment, and FIG. 14 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a form determining section in the fourth embodiment.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an electronic musical instrument in a conventional example. 10 ... Pitch indicator, 11 ... Pronunciation indicator, 12 ... Tone control unit, 13, 18, 19 ... Morphological determination unit, 17 ... Music tone generator, 23 ...
... Selector, 141 to 148 ... Tone synthesis section, 30, 35, 39 ... Judgment section, 31 ... Memory, 32 ... Candidate table, 33 ... Morphology table, 36 ... Timer control section, 37 ... Timer Counter, 38 ... Data input section.

Claims (8)

(57) [Claims] 1. A pitch instructing section for instructing and inputting a pitch of a musical sound to be output, a sounding instructing section for instructing and inputting a sounding timing of the musical sound to be output, and a pitch output from the pitch instructing section. It is possible to use different playing styles of musical tones to be output from the data, that is, so-called finger replacements and string replacements that exist for each natural musical instrument name of the musical tones output by the guitar, clarinet, etc. A form determination unit that determines one performance form from a plurality of pitch-instructed performance forms that can be used to indicate the same pitch, and a tone color control unit that outputs a tone color selection code corresponding to the determined performance form, In accordance with the tone color selection code, a plurality of outputable tone colors of different tone qualities that can be output at the same pitch existing in a natural musical instrument of the output tone are output from the pronunciation instruction unit. An electronic musical instrument consisting of a musical sound generator that outputs at the timing of the sound. 2. A pitch instructing section for instructing and inputting a pitch of a musical sound to be output, a sounding instructing section for instructing and inputting a sounding timing of the musical sound to be output, and a pitch output from the pitch instructing section. A performance form of a musical sound to be output from the data and the on / off data output from the pronunciation instructing unit, that is, a guitar, a clarinet, or the like, which exists for each natural musical instrument name of the musical sound to be output, so-called finger replacement, so-called string replacement, A form determination unit that determines one performance form from a plurality of pitch-instructed performance forms that can be used for instructing the same pitch and that can be used for convenience of natural musical instrument performance expression, and corresponds to the determined performance form A tone color control unit that outputs the selected tone color selection code, and according to the tone color selection code, a plurality of different tone qualities that can be output at the same pitch existing in the natural musical instrument of the musical tone to be output can be output. An electronic musical instrument comprising a musical tone generating section for outputting musical tones of different tones at the sounding timing instructed by the sounding instructing section. 3. The form determination unit determines a performance type determination result depending on the length of time elapsed between ON and OFF data of the ON / OFF data output from the sounding instruction unit.
Electronic musical instrument as described. 4. A data input section for outputting pitch data and data relating to on / off of sounding from input performance information, a form determining section for determining a performance form of a musical tone to be output from the pitch data, A tone color control unit that outputs a tone color selection code corresponding to the determined performance form, and a plurality of outputs that have different tones that can be output at the same pitch existing in the natural musical instrument of the musical tone to be output according to the tone color selection code. An electronic musical instrument comprising a musical tone generating section that outputs musical tones of possible tones at a sounding timing instructed by the on / off data. 5. A data input section for outputting pitch data and data relating to on / off of sounding from input performance information, and a musical tone performance form to be outputted from the pitch data and the data relating to on / off, that is, There are a plurality of natural musical instrument names such as guitar, clarinet, etc. that can be used to indicate the same pitch. A form determination unit that determines one performance form from the pitch instruction performance form, a tone color control unit that outputs a tone color selection code corresponding to the determined performance form, and a natural musical instrument of a musical tone that is output according to the tone color selection code Existing tones of a plurality of tones that can be output at the same pitch and that have different tones and that are output by the data related to the on / off. Electronic musical instruments consists of a tone generator for outputting timing. 6. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 5, wherein the form determining section determines the performance form depending on the length of time elapsed between ON and OFF data of the input ON / OFF data. 7. The form determining section calculates a distance between the performance form of the musical sound output immediately before and the performance form candidate output this time,
7. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 2, wherein the candidate giving the smallest distance is a performance form of the output musical sound. 8. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 4, wherein the form determination section determines the performance form based on the input pitch data and the pitch data before and after the pitch data.