JPH0320794A - Mode decision device and electronic musical instrument using same - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To use timbre corresponding to a performance mode properly according to performance by deciding the performance mode from data obtained by referring to a candidate table and a mode table and data stored on a memory. CONSTITUTION:When the pitch of a musical sound to be outputted is inputted, the decision part 30 of a mode decision part 13 reads the number of candidates for performance modes present corresponding to the pitch out of the candidate table 32 and mode data characteristic to the performance modes of the respective candidates out of the mode table 33 to calculate the decision value for the candidates by referring to necessary data for decision making which are stored temporarily on the memory 31, decides a final performance mode candidate according to the calculated decision value, and outputs a signal specifying the decided performance mode. A timbre control part 12 outputs the signal for selecting the timbre to the selector 23 of a musical sound generation part 17 with the output signal, so the musical sound of timbre corresponding to the decided performance mode is outputted to realize timbre variation similar to that of a natural musical instrument.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to electronic musical instruments, and particularly to electronic musical instruments that exhibit timbre changes similar to those of natural musical instruments.

Conventional technology In recent years, digital sound source synthesis methods have been introduced to electronic musical instruments, and the quality of synthesized sounds has significantly improved.Also, input methods are becoming more diverse, such as those shaped like keyboards, wind instruments, or guitars. It is becoming more and more. In order to achieve a response to performance expression similar to that of natural instruments, these electronic instruments have, for example, a touch response function that changes the output synthesized sound in response to the strength with which the keyboard is struck, and a touch response function that changes the amount of time that two people can use to play the keyboard. A legato function has been proposed that changes the synthesized sound output depending on whether the sounds are continuous or not. Such a function is disclosed, for example, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 80-209793 or Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 59-1
It is described in detail in Japanese Patent No. 76784.

Hereinafter, an electronic musical instrument that realizes the above-mentioned touch response function will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 15 shows the configuration of a 1% electronic musical instrument.

In FIG. 15, 20 is a pitch instruction section, 21 is a sound generation instruction section, 24 to 26 are tone synthesis sections, 23 is a selector, 27 is a tone generation section, and 40 is a touch detection section.

The operation of the electronic musical instrument configured as described above will be explained below.

Musical tone synthesis sections 2 4 , 2 5 forming the musical tone generation section 27
．． 26 are assumed to synthesize and output musical tones of tones corresponding to the touch, that is, the strength of the performance.

First, the pitch of the sound to be output is input to the pitch instruction section 2o. The pitch instruction section 2o is assumed to have an input form such as a keyboard, a wind instrument shape, a guitar shape, or the like. The pitch instruction unit 2o inputs the pitch instruction according to the position of the pressed key when the input form is a keyboard, or according to the pressed key combination pattern when the input form is a wind instrument, or according to the shape of the guitar. In this case, the pitch (so-called note name) of the musical tone to be output is determined based on the position (fret) at which the string is pressed, and pitch data is output to the musical tone generator 27. If the input form of the pitch instruction section 2o is, for example, a keyboard consisting of 88 keys, pitch data 1, 2, . . . , 88. 87, and outputs pitch data consisting of 7 bits.

The sound generation instruction unit 21 inputs the sound generation instruction in response to the t'[' key and key release when the input form is a keyboard, to the start and stop of exhalation in the case of a wind instrument shape, and to the start and stop of exhalation in the case of a guitar shape. In this case, in response to the start and stop of string vibration, on/off information of the musical tone to be output, that is, information regarding the start and stop of musical tone generation is provided.

In the musical tone generating section 27, musical tone synthesizing sections 2 4 , 2 6
．． 26 is a predetermined pitch date inputted from the pitch instruction section 2o and the pitch and the timing of starting and stopping sound generation according to the on/off information inputted from the pronunciation instruction section 21. Synthesizes and outputs musical tones with tones corresponding to soft, medium, and strong tones. Here, each musical tone synthesis section 24, . 25. 28
For example, it can be composed of a waveform memory, an address generator, and a clock generator, and the clock generator outputs a clock proportional to the pitch that you want to output, and the address generator is incremented at a timing corresponding to the clock. This can be realized by sequentially outputting musical waveform data stored in the waveform memory in response to the address output of the instrument.

In Table 1, on the other hand, the pronunciation instruction section 21 measures the amount of touch input corresponding to various pronunciation instruction input forms in order to realize the touch response function, and outputs the measured value A to the touch detection section 40. As the amount of touch input, the speed of key depression in the case of a keyboard input, the flow rate of exhalation in the case of a wind instrument shape, the strength of string vibration in the case of a guitar shape, etc. can be used.

The touch detection unit 40 detects the input measurement value A and a predetermined touch determination value Tp. By comparing the touch value Tf with Tf, the touch value Tv is determined as shown in Table 1 and is output to the selector 23.

The selector 23 selectively outputs the outputs of the musical tone synthesis sections 24, 25, and 28 in accordance with the input touch value Tv. That is, when the touch value Tv is 1, the musical tone synthesis section 24 is selected to produce a musical tone with a tone corresponding to a soft tone, and when the touch value Tv is 2, a musical tone with a tone corresponding to a medium tone (from mezzo piano to mezzo forte) is selected. A musical tone synthesis section 25 that outputs
is selected, and when the touch value Tv is 3, the musical tone synthesis section 28 that outputs a musical tone with a tone corresponding to the strong tone is selected and output.

In the manner described above, it is possible to obtain a musical tone with a tone corresponding to touch expression input.

In an electronic musical instrument having a legato function, it is detected whether the two inputs to the sound generation instruction section 21 are temporally consecutive (legato) or not (non-legato), and the selector 23 selects whether the two inputs are continuous in time (legato) or not (non-legato). or non-
The legato function is realized by selecting a musical tone synthesizer that outputs a musical tone with a legato tone.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, the above configuration does not respond to the general characteristics of natural musical instruments, such as the timbre changing depending on the strength of the touch, or the timbre changing depending on the legato playing style. It is possible to give characteristics to electronic instruments, but when there are multiple performance forms for playing the same note name (same pitch), such as using alternate fingers on a wind instrument or different strings on a stringed instrument, However, there was a problem in that it was not possible to use different tones corresponding to a plurality of performance forms.

In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention first solves the following problems when there are multiple performance forms for playing the same note name.
゜゜The first object is to provide a performance form determining device necessary to make it possible to use different tones corresponding to these performance forms depending on the performance.

A second object of the present invention is to provide an electronic musical instrument that can selectively use tones corresponding to the performance forms when there are multiple performance forms for playing sounds with the same note name. shall be.

A further object of the present invention is to provide an electronic musical instrument that, when there are multiple performance forms for playing sounds with the same note name, can selectively use tones corresponding to those performance forms while playing. 3 objectives.

Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve the first object, the form determination device of the present invention includes a candidate table indicating how many performance form candidates there are for a pitch, and a form specific to each performance form. It is composed of form tables held as data, a memory that temporarily stores data necessary for determining the performance form, and a determining section that determines the performance form while referring to each table and the data stored in the memory.

In order to achieve the second object, the electronic musical instrument of the present invention includes a data input section, a form determining section that determines the performance form of musical tones to be output, and a timbre control section that instructs selection of a tone corresponding to the form. , a sound generation instruction section that instructs the timing of sound production, and a musical tone generation section that generates a plurality of tones that vary depending on the performance form.

In order to achieve the third object, the electronic musical instrument of the present invention includes a pitch instruction unit for inputting pitches, a form determining unit for determining the performance form of musical tones to be output, and a selection of timbres corresponding to the form. The musical tone generator is comprised of a timbre control section that instructs the sound generation timing, a sound generation instruction section that instructs the timing of sound generation, and a musical tone generation section that generates a plurality of tones that vary depending on the performance form.

Effect With this configuration, when the pitch of a musical tone to be output is input, the determining section of the form determining device reads the number of performance form candidates that exist for that pitch from the candidate table, and determines the performance of each candidate. A judgment value for each candidate is calculated by reading form data specific to the form from the form table and referring to data temporarily stored in memory. Furthermore,
Since the determination unit determines the final performance form candidate based on the calculated determination value, the performance form that provides the highest (or lowest) determination value is selected from among the performance form candidates.

With this configuration, the form determination unit of the electronic musical instrument determines one performance form from among a plurality of performance forms that exist for the pitch of a musical tone to be output, and outputs the determined performance form to the tone control unit. . The musical tone generating section receives input from the data input section a musical tone of a tone determined by a tone color selection code output from the tone color control section corresponding to the determined performance form among a plurality of tones that differ depending on the performance form. It will be output according to the pitch data and pronunciation timing.

With this configuration, the form determination unit of the electronic musical instrument determines one performance form from among a plurality of performance forms that exist for the pitch of a musical tone to be output, and outputs the determined performance form to the tone control unit. . The musical tone generating section selects a musical tone of a tone determined by a tone color selection code outputted from the tone color control section corresponding to the determined performance form among a plurality of tones that differ depending on the performance form, and outputs a musical tone from the pitch instruction section. The pitch will be output in accordance with the pitch data, and in accordance with the pronunciation timing output from the pronunciation instruction section.

Embodiment A first embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of an electronic musical instrument according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

In FIG. 1, 10 is a pitch instruction section, 11 is a sound generation instruction section, 12 is a timbre control section, 13 is a form determination section, and 141 to 1
48 is a musical tone generating section. Note that 23 is a selector, which has the same configuration as the conventional example.

When the type of musical tone to be output is guitar, the musical tone synthesis sections 141, 142, and 143 that constitute the musical tone generating section l7,
For example, the first string (highest string) of a six-string guitar, respectively.
The tone when played with an open string, the tone when played with the 5th fret of the 2nd string pressed, and the tone when played with the 9th fret of the 3rd string pressed are synthesized and output. In other words, although these tones are guitar sounds of the same pitch, the tones are completely different, and this state is called changing strings.

When the type of musical tone to be output is a wind instrument, the musical tone synthesis sections 144 and 145 that constitute the musical tone generating section 17 each produce the fingering when the fingers are almost released for the "C" note, which is called by the scale name. It will be possible to synthesize and output the ``C'' tone of an open tube, and the ``C'' tone of a closed tube, created by fingering when the fingers are almost pressed down. In other words, even though most wind instruments have different pitch names (absolute pitch names), the "C" note, which is called a scale name, can be played in two ways: one is played using fingerings that are close to open pipes, and the other is played using fingerings that are similar to closed pipes. Although these tones are the sounds of wind instruments with the same pitch, the tones are completely different, and this state is called alternate fingering.

In order to explain in an easy-to-understand manner what we think of as a performance form, we explained "alternative strings" and "alternate fingers" as above, but there are also other ways to play, such as changing the tone depending on how the left hand presses the violin. Even when the timbre changes when you press the button or press it loosely, this can also be considered as a performance form.In other words, it is not a dynamic performance expression such as a so-called touch response, but a pitch when trying to input a performance expression. The static form used to define the performance form is called the performance form.

In this embodiment, an electronic musical instrument that generates the musical sound of a flute will be explained.

The second tooth shows the flute main body and its tone hole Si.

However, 1 = 11 21 ..., 8. Tatebue performances are generally performed according to the fingerings shown in Table 2. Each S i (i= 11 21...
8) represents the sound holes of a vertical flute, and the times when each sound hole Si is pressed and the times when it is not pressed are shown in the second
In the table, they are indicated as ● and O, respectively.

First, after inputting the pitch of the musical tone that you want to output to the pitch instruction section 10, turn on the musical tone that you want to output to the sound generation instruction section 11.
Input the pronunciation key for off. Input to the pitch instruction section 10 and the pronunciation instruction section 11 can be performed using, for example, a keyboard. The form determination unit 13 is the pitch instruction unit 1
The performance form of the musical tone to be output is determined based on the pitch data output from 0, and a signal specifying the determined performance form is output. The timbre control unit l2 outputs a signal for selecting a timbre corresponding to the input signal specifying the performance form to the selector 23 of the musical sound generation unit 17, so that a musical sound with a timbre corresponding to the determined performance form is output. It happens.

Determination of the performance form by the form determining section 13 will be described in detail below.

FIG. 3 shows an example of the configuration of the form determining section 13. In FIG. 3, 30 is a determination unit, 31 is a memory, 32 is a candidate table, and 33 is a form table. The determination unit 30 determines (1) according to pitch data Pi output from the pitch instruction unit 10.
), three consecutive bytes of data are sequentially read using ADRS1 determined as shown in the formula below as the start address in the candidate table 32. The table data of candidate table 32 is the third
It shall be as shown in the table. That is, the data N in the first byte is form number data, indicating that there are N performance forms with the same pitch. Also, the 2nd byte and 3rd byte
The byte-th data indicates the start address ADRS2 of the corresponding data in the form table 33.

ADSR1=2・(Pt-1)...(1)
Next, the determination unit 30 determines the address AD of the form table 33.
Concerning the data starting from RS2, 2 bytes are set as one set, and data for N sets of forms is read continuously. Here, the table data of the form table 33 is the fourth
It shall be as shown in the table. Here, the first byte of data in one set is a form number (hereinafter referred to as form number) for specifying the performance form, and the second byte is a form number assigned corresponding to the performance form. This is morphological data.

The determining unit 30 calculates the distance between the form data K temporarily stored in the memory 3l and each of the N pieces of form data read this time, stores it in the i-mory 31, and stores it in the form data giving the smallest distance. Form No. that forms a set with the form data. Output. Here, the form data K is the form No. outputted immediately before. This is morphological data that forms a set. In this example, the morphological data is the sound hole St of the vertical flute.
Depending on the pattern of open and closed holes, turn the holes a bit off (
=O), and the closed hole is set to bit on (=1).

The operation of the determination unit 30 described in Table 3 and above will be explained in further detail.

Assume that the pitch name of the sound output immediately before is B2, and the value of the form data K stored in the memory 31 is '81'. At this time, the input to the pitch instruction section 10 is the pitch name. c3
If this is the case, the pitch instruction section 10 generates the pitch data P i
=8 is output. The determining unit 30 selects 3 bytes of data ('02°, '00') in the candidate table 32 with ADRS 1='000E' as the starting address according to equation (1).
, 'OE'), the number of forms N = 2,
A D R S 2 = 'OOOE'. Next, the judgment [30 is the address ADHS2 of the form table 33]
2N (=4) bytes of data ('08', '4
1', "09", 'FE'). As a result, the first set of form candidates is form 1) whose I No. and form data are 08 and 41, respectively, and the second set is 09.
and FE.

The determining unit 30 determines the distance L+. between the morphological data K (='81') stored in the memory 31 and the morphological data of the first set and the second set. Calculate t and L1,2. In this embodiment, the distance L is defined as the number of bits that have different values by comparing the values of each bit between two form data.

Therefore, the two distances determined in this case are L+. for each of the first set and the second set. +=2 and L+.
t=7, and the first set is selected,
The memory 31 stores '4l' as the latest form data, and the tone control section 12 stores form No. 08' will be output. Therefore, for each of the m performance form form data existing for the pitch data Pi, the distance from the form data K stored in the memory 31 is jflL+
．． Calculate J (j = L 2, ...m),
Among them, the nth distance +lILl. , indicates the smallest value, the nth set is selected as a shape candidate. At this time, if there are multiple sets that provide the minimum distance, for example, the set with the smallest number may be selected.

The fourth phonetic color control section 12 can be configured as shown in FIG. 4, for example. In FIG. 4, 34 is a tone table;
35 is a control section.

The control unit 35 calculates the address ADRS3 obtained from the input form NO as in equation (2), reads one byte of the tone color selection code from the corresponding address ADHS3 in the tone color table 34, and outputs this to the selector 23. I will do it.

ADSR3= (Form No.)-1...(2
) In this way, the timbre control section 12
Form No. output from A timbre selection code corresponding to . In the musical tone generating section 17, the selector 23 selects the output of the musical tone synthesizing section 144 in accordance with the input tone color selection code, as in the conventional example. Therefore, when the sound generation instruction section 21 is instructed to start sound generation, the musical tone synthesis section 144 starts musical tone synthesis, and its output becomes the musical tone that is finally output.

Similarly, in the case of the input form of the guitar shape in Table 6, for example,
A characteristic tone is selected for each string by properly using the tone output by each musical tone synthesizer, which corresponds to the tone of different musical tones of the same pitch that can be output by the first, second, and third strings. It is possible to output.

In the above, the musical tone synthesis section selected by the tone selection code uses four tones within one octave, or one tone for one string in the pitch direction, but It is also possible to further subdivide the timbre, and it is also possible to further add a touch response function to the timbre corresponding to the alternate finger in the same manner as in the conventional example.

As described above, according to this embodiment, the form determining section determines the playing form such as substitute fingers or substitute strings similar to those of a natural musical instrument in accordance with the pitch data of the output musical sound instructed to the pitch specifying section, and Since the control section outputs a timbre selection code corresponding to the performance form, the musical tone generating section outputs musical tones corresponding to the timbre selection code, that is, musical tones of different tones depending on alternate fingers and alternate strings. Therefore, it is possible to achieve timbre changes similar to those of natural instruments.

A second embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 5 shows a block diagram of an electronic musical instrument according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

In FIG. 5, 18 is a form determining section, and the other components are the same as in the first embodiment.

In this embodiment as well, similarly to the first embodiment, an electronic musical instrument that generates the musical sound of a vertical flute will be described.

First, after inputting the pitch of the musical tone that you want to output to the pitch instruction section 10, turn on the musical tone that you want to output to the sound generation instruction section 11.
Inputs instructions for sound timing regarding off. Input to the pitch instruction section 10 and the pronunciation instruction section 11 can be performed using, for example, a keyboard. The form determination section 18 is the pitch instruction section 1
The performance form of the musical tone to be output is determined based on the pitch data output from 0 and the on/off data output from the sound generation instruction section 11, and a signal specifying the determined performance form is output. The timbre control section 12 transmits a signal for selecting a timbre corresponding to the input signal specifying the performance form to the musical tone generation section 17.
Since the selected performance is outputted to the selector 23, a musical tone having a timbre corresponding to the determined performance form is outputted.

Determination of the performance form by the form determining section 18 will be described in detail below.

FIG. 6 shows an example of the configuration of the form determining section 18. In FIG. 6, 35 is a determination section, 36 is a timer control section, and 37 is a timer counter, and the other components are the same as in the first embodiment.

The timer control section 36 controls the timer counter 37 in response to on/off data that instructs the sound generation timing output from the sound generation instruction section 1l. That is, when data indicating that the sound generation timing is OFF is input, the timer control section 36 resets the timer counter 37, and when data indicating that the sound generation timing is ON is input, the timer control section 36 stops the counting operation of the timer counter 37.

The timer counter 37 starts counting up after its count value T is reset to O by the reset signal input from the timer control unit 36, and stops counting up by the count stop signal input from the timer control unit 36. Stop operation. On the other hand, the timer counter 37 stops counting up when the count value T becomes equal to or greater than the predetermined count value Tm. The timer counter 37, which operates as described above, outputs the candidate selection signal value 1 when the count value T is smaller than the predetermined count value Tm;
At other times, the candidate selection signal value 0 is output to the determination unit 35.

Each message due to the above operation. Figures 7 and 8 show the relationship between the numbers and operations.

It is assumed that the first set in the form candidate table 32 stores performance form candidates with the most preferable tone among alternative fingers or strings.

FIG. 7 shows a case where the count value T becomes smaller than a predetermined count value Tm.

The operation and signal relationship of each part will be explained below with reference to FIG.

When the sound generation timing signal is turned off from the sound generation instruction section 11, the timer control section 36 turns on the reset signal and turns on the count signal in response to the fall of the sound generation timing signal. The timer counter 37 resets the count value T to O in response to the fall of the reset signal from OFF to ON, then resets T to 0 in response to the ON of the count signal, and then resets the count value T to 0 in response to the ON of the count signal. In response to this, a count-up operation is started and a candidate selection signal "1" is output.

Next, when the sound generation instruction section 11 outputs the ON state of the sound generation timing signal, the timer control section 36 outputs the OFF state of the count signal (count stop signal) in response to the rise of the sound generation timing signal. The timer counter 37 stops counting operation in response to turning off the count signal. At this time, since the count value T is smaller than the predetermined count value Tm, the candidate selection signal remains at "1", and the performance form candidate selection operation is performed. The time length corresponding to the count value T of the timer counter 37 and the predetermined count value Tm is respectively T-Kt [mSec] when the clock used by the timer counter 37 for counting operation is K t (msec). , and Tm-K
t (mSec).

FIG. 8 shows a case where the predetermined count value Tm and the count value T are equal. The operation of each part and the relationship between signals will be explained below with reference to FIG.

When the sound generation timing signal is turned on from the sound generation instruction unit l1, the timer counter 37 resets the counter value T to O and then starts counting up operation in the same manner as described in detail in the explanation of FIG. and outputs a candidate selection signal rlJ.

However, before the next turn-on of the sound generation timing signal is output from the sound generation instruction section 11, the timer counter 37 changes the count value T to the predetermined count value Tm.
Therefore, the timer counter 37 stops counting up and outputs the candidate selection signal rOJ. Therefore, the determination unit 35 does not perform the performance form candidate selection operation.
Form No. of the first set of form candidates. will be output.

When the candidate selection signal value inputted from the timer counter 37 is 1, the determination unit 35 determines the performance form by the same operation as in the first embodiment, but when the candidate selection signal value is 0, the performance form is determined. Without selecting a form candidate, simply select the first set of form candidates as the performance form and select its form N.
o. to be output.

Therefore, when the determining unit 35 is performing the performance form determining operation, the optimal form candidate is selected according to the performance, as in the first embodiment, and the determining unit 35 is performing the performance form determining operation. When no action is being performed, that is, when musical sound output is instructed after a predetermined time has elapsed since the previous musical sound output ended, the performance is performed in a performance form that outputs a musical sound with a preferable tone. Therefore, by setting such a performance form as the first set of form candidates, the preferred performance form No. will be output.

In the above, what does the predetermined time mean for output? It varies depending on the type of musical instrument you want to produce. For example, for a whistle or flute, the L. About 15 seconds, O. for guitar or violin. About 1 second is desirable. Therefore, if the clock supplied to the timer counter 37 is, for example, 1 millisecond, then in the case of a whistle, the predetermined count value T
m becomes 15.0.

As described above, according to the present embodiment (■), the form determining section uses the alternative fingering similar to that of a natural instrument, according to the pitch data of the output musical sound instructed to the pitch instruction section and the pronunciation timing instructed to the pronunciation instruction section. Alternatively, the performance form such as replacement strings is determined, and the tone control section outputs a tone selection code corresponding to the performance form, so that the musical sound generation section outputs a tone selection code corresponding to the tone selection code, that is, alternative fingers and strings. Since musical tones with different timbres are output depending on the sound, it is possible to realize timbre changes similar to those of natural musical instruments.

A third embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 9 shows a block diagram of an electronic musical instrument according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

In FIG. 9, 88 is a data input section, and other components are the same as in the first embodiment.

In this embodiment as well, similarly to the first embodiment, an electronic musical instrument that generates the musical sound of a vertical flute will be described.

First, when performance information is input, the data input section 38 separates the performance information into pitch data and on/off data instructing the timing of sound production, and outputs the data. In this embodiment, assuming that the performance information is composed of 7 bits of pitch data and 1 bit of on/off data, the performance information can be expressed as 1-byte data as shown in FIG. Therefore, when the performance information shown in FIG. 11 is input, the data input section '38 sends pitch data (:.18) and ON data, and the performance information shown in FIG. 12 is input. and sends only off data.

The form determination unit 13 performs the same operation as in the first embodiment to determine the form number based on the pitch data. output, type J1
1 No. A musical tone with a tone corresponding to the timbre will be output.

Note that the form determination unit 13 in this embodiment is the same as in the first embodiment, but as in the second embodiment, the form number is determined from the pitch data and the on/off days. may be determined.

As described above, according to this embodiment, the data input section separates and outputs pitch data or on/off data from performance information inputted by an automatic performance device, performance information communication, etc., and outputs the pitch data or on/off data. Based on this, the form determining unit determines the playing form using alternate fingers or strings similar to those of natural instruments, and the timbre control unit outputs a tone selection code corresponding to the playing form, so that musical sounds can be generated. Since musical tones corresponding to the timbre selection code, that is, different timbres are output depending on the alternate fingers and alternate strings, can be realized as an electronic musical instrument that changes the timbre similar to that of a natural musical instrument.

A fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 13 shows a block diagram of an electronic musical instrument according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

In FIG. 13, 19 is a form determining section, 38 is a data input section, and other components are the same as in the first embodiment.

In this embodiment as well, similarly to the first embodiment, an electronic musical instrument that generates the musical sound of a vertical flute will be described.

First, when the performance information ゜ is input, the data input section 38
The performance information is separated into pitch data and on/off data indicating the timing of sound production and output. In this embodiment, assuming that the performance information is composed of 7 bits of pitch data and 1 bit of on/off data, the performance information can be expressed as 1-byte data as shown in FIG. Therefore, when the performance information shown in FIG. 11 is input, the data input section 38 sends out pitch data (=18) and ON data, and when the performance information shown in FIG. only.

The form determining section 19 determines the form number from the pitch data and the on/off data in the same manner as in the second embodiment. Output the form number. However, the configurations of the form determining sections 18 and 19 are different.

Determination of the performance form by the form determining section 19 will be described in detail below.

FIG. 14 shows an example of the configuration of the form determining section 19.

In FIG. 14, 38 is a determination unit, 51 is a candidate memory, and other components are the same as in the second embodiment.

The timer control unit 36 controls the timer counter 37 in the same manner as in the second embodiment in response to the on/off data input from the data input unit 38 that instructs the sound generation timing. A reset signal or a candidate selection signal is output in the same manner as in the embodiment.

It is assumed that the first set in the form candidate table 32 stores performance form candidates with the most preferable tone among alternative fingers or strings.

The determining unit 38 determines the form data of the performance form candidate m+ corresponding to the input pitch data Pi and the form No. are read in the same manner as in the second embodiment, and these and the candidate memory 51 are read.
The distance j! between the form data is calculated in the same manner as in the first embodiment for all combinations of the previous pitch data Pi-1 and the performance form candidate m1-1 temporarily stored in the previous pitch data Pi-1. L (h
) +. − (However, S=1,2+ ”' ymlv
Also, h = 1+ 2m ”” +m +-
1) Calculate. Furthermore, the performance form candidates 11+- regarding the form data determined regarding the two previous pitch data temporarily stored in the memory 31 and the previous pitch data p t-t temporarily stored in the candidate memory 51. Distance from 1 Ll-1.7 (j = L 2+ ...,
m+-t) is calculated for all combinations. Regarding the distance L obtained by the above deviation, the two previous pitch data P
1-2 and the previous pitch data P1-! distance fl between
AL+-+. r, the distance 11 between the previous pitch data P l-1 and the current pitch data Pi! iL(h)+,
- result of addition with Ll-1. u+L(u)l.
The U-th set giving the smallest value of s is determined to be the performance form related to the previous pitch data P i-1, and the form N
o. is output to the timbre control section 12, and its form data is temporarily stored in the memory 31. Note that if there are multiple sets of performance style candidates that give the smallest value, priority is given to the set with the smallest number.

Next, form N of performance form candidates regarding this pitch data
o. and the form data to the auxiliary memory 51 from the form table 3.
．． Temporarily store it in the same format as 3. It is assumed that the above operation is performed when the candidate selection signal output from the timer counter 37 is 1. When the candidate selection signal outputted from the timer counter 37 is 0, the first set of performance form candidates in the candidate memory 51 is selected for performance for a preferable timbre for the previous pitch data in the same manner as in the second embodiment. The shape W! is selected as the shape, the shape data is temporarily stored in the memory 31, and the shape W! ANo. Output.

Next, form N of performance form candidates regarding this pitch data
o. and the shape data to the candidate memory 51 in the shape table 3
Temporarily store it in the same format as 3.

Therefore, performance form candidates are determined including performance information of temporally preceding and subsequent musical tones.

In other words, when the performance is B2CsBg, the C3 form No.
．． is 8, and when DaCsDa, the form No. of Cs is
．． becomes 9. Also, BgCsDs and D s C 3
When B2, Ca form NO. Since 8 and 9 are the same, 8 in the first set has priority.

In addition, in this example, the form judgment is performed on the previous pitch data, so as a result, the form judgment operation is delayed by one note, but it is Since there is no need to perform a form determination operation on performance information in real time, it is possible to further expand the range of determination and perform more advanced determination. In addition, although the candidate selection signal is generated based on the time length between the previous generation time of sound generation off data and the current generation time of sound generation on data, the candidate selection signal is generated depending on the time length between other sound generation on/off data. It is also possible to make sophisticated judgments.

As described above, according to this embodiment, the data input section separates and outputs pitch data or on/off data from performance information inputted by an automatic performance device, performance information communication, etc., and outputs the pitch data or on/off data. Based on this, the form determining section determines a performance form such as substitute fingers or substitute strings similar to a natural instrument, including performance information of musical tones temporally preceding and following the output musical tone, and the tone control section corresponds to the performance form. Since the tone generation section outputs a tone selection code that corresponds to the tone selection code, in other words, it outputs musical tones with different tones depending on the alternate fingers and strings. It is possible to realize an electronic musical instrument that changes tone.

Effects of the Invention The present invention allows musical tones of the same pitch and different tones, which can be used with alternate fingers and strings in natural instruments, to be used differently depending on the pitch or pitch and timing of pronunciation. Change can be achieved.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an electronic musical instrument in a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an external view of a flute, and FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a form determining section in the first embodiment. FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the timbre control section, FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the electronic musical instrument in the second embodiment, and FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the form determining section in the second embodiment. 7 and 8 are timing diagrams showing the relationship between each signal and operation in the second embodiment, FIG. 9 is a block diagram of the electronic musical instrument in the third embodiment, and FIGS. FIG. 13 is a block diagram of an electronic musical instrument in the fourth embodiment; FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating input data in the third embodiment;
FIG. 15 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the form determining section in the fourth embodiment, and FIG. 15 is a block diagram of a conventional electronic musical instrument. 10... Pitch instruction section, 11... Pronunciation instruction section, 1
2... Tone control section, 13, 18.19...
Form determination unit, 17... Musical sound generation unit, 23...
- Selector, 141-148... musical tone synthesis section, 30, 35. 39... Judgment unit, 31... Memory, 32... Candidate table, 33... Form table, 36... Timer control unit, 37... Timer counter, 38... Data input unit.

Claims (15)

[Claims] (1) A candidate table that indicates how many performance form candidates there are for a pitch, a form table that holds forms unique to each of the performance forms as data, and a memory that temporarily stores data used for performance form determination. A form determining device comprising: a determining unit that determines a performance form from data obtained by sequentially referring to each of the tables according to input pitch data and data stored in the memory. (2) The form determining device according to claim 1, wherein data regarding the performance form determined immediately before is stored in the temporary memory. (3) The form determining device according to claim 1, wherein the determining unit determines the performance form based on the input pitch data and pitch data before and after the pitch data. (4) The determination unit calculates the distance between the performance form of the musical tone output immediately before and the candidate performance form of the musical tone to be outputted this time, and selects the candidate that provides the smallest distance as the performance form of the output musical tone. The form determining device according to 2 or 3. (5) a candidate table that indicates how many performance form candidates there are for a pitch; a form table that holds forms unique to each of the performance forms as data; and a memory that temporarily stores data used for performance form determination. , a determining unit that determines the performance form from data obtained by sequentially referring to each of the tables according to the time interval between performance information and input pitch data and data stored in the memory; Device. (6) The form determining device according to claim 5, wherein data regarding the performance form determined immediately before is stored in the temporary memory. (7) The form determining device according to claim 5, wherein the determining unit determines the performance form based on the input pitch data and pitch data before and after the pitch data. (8) a pitch instruction section that inputs an instruction for the pitch of the musical tone to be output; a form determining section that determines the performance form of the musical tone to be output from the pitch data output from the pitch instruction section; and the determination section. a timbre control unit that outputs a timbre selection code corresponding to the selected performance form; and a timbre control unit that outputs a tone color selection code corresponding to the performance form selected, and outputs musical tones of different tones depending on the performance form, such as alternative fingers or strings, at the sound generation timing instructed by the sound generation instruction unit, according to the timbre selection code. An electronic musical instrument consisting of a musical tone generator. (9) a pitch instruction section that inputs an instruction for the pitch of the musical tone to be output; a pronunciation instruction section that inputs an instruction for the pronunciation timing of the musical tone that should be output; and pitch data output from the pitch instruction section. a form determining unit that determines a performance form of a musical tone to be output from the on/off data output from the sound generation instruction unit; a timbre control unit that outputs a timbre selection code corresponding to the determined performance form; An electronic musical instrument comprising: a musical tone generator that outputs musical tones of different tones depending on the playing form such as alternate fingers or alternate strings according to a chord at a sound generation timing instructed by the sound generation instruction section. (10) The electronic musical instrument according to claim 9, wherein the form determining section determines the performance form differently depending on the length of time that has elapsed between the off and on data of the on-off data output from the sound generation instruction section. (11) a data input unit that outputs pitch data and data regarding on/off of sound generation from input performance information; a form determination unit that determines a performance form of a musical tone to be output from the pitch data; a timbre control unit that outputs a timbre selection code corresponding to the performance form selected; and a timbre control unit that outputs musical tones of different tones depending on the performance form, such as alternative fingers or strings, at the sound generation timing instructed by the sound generation instruction unit, according to the timbre selection code. An electronic musical instrument consisting of a musical tone generator. (12) A data input unit that outputs pitch data and data regarding on/off of sound generation from the input performance information, and a form determination that determines the performance form of the musical tone to be output from the pitch data and the data regarding on/off. a timbre control section that outputs a timbre selection code corresponding to the determined performance form; and a timbre control section that outputs a tone color selection code corresponding to the determined performance form, and a musical tone of a different tone depending on the performance form, such as a substitute finger or a substitute string, which is instructed by the sound generation instruction section according to the timbre selection code. An electronic musical instrument consisting of a musical tone generator that outputs a musical tone at the same timing as the sound. (13) The electronic musical instrument according to claim 12, wherein the form determining section determines the performance form differently depending on the length of time that has elapsed between the off and on data of the on-off data output from the sound generation instruction section. (14) The distance between the performance form of the musical tone output immediately before and the candidate performance form of the musical tone to be outputted this time is calculated, and the candidate giving the smallest distance is set as the performance form of the output musical tone. 13. The electronic musical instrument according to 11 or 13. (15) The electronic musical instrument according to claim 11 or 13, wherein the performance form is determined based on input pitch data and pitch data before and after the input pitch data.