JP2000172253A - Electronic musical instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To easily generate a playing sound which requires the complicated movement of fingers for, for example, the glissando of a harp by the electronic musical instrument by selecting and outputting constituent sounds having the same pitch names with the constituent sounds of chord information according to inputted pitch information. SOLUTION: A CPU 1 receives melody information and chord information from a keyboard 2 and various information from panel operation elements and generates sounding information and timbre information. When the musical instrument operates as a harp electronic musical instrument, accessory sounds are determined by referring to an accessory sound table in a memory 4 according to ON/OFF information and mode information of the harp inputted from a panel operation element group 3 and chord information and melody information (pitch information) inputted from the keyboard 2 and accessory sound information is outputted to a sound source circuit 5 according to the input timing of the pitch information. The sound source circuit 5 receives the sounding information and timbre information from the CPU 1 and generates a digital musical sound signal and a speaker 8 performs electroacoustic transduction of the digital musical sound signal to output a sound.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electronic musical instrument for electronically generating a tone of a plucked musical instrument having a large number of strings, such as a harp and a koto.

There is a glissando playing method as a harp playing method.
This means that the harp is tuned to a particular key,
In addition, a plurality of strings are simultaneously used to generate various chords, or chord-related sounds close to the chords, and the strings are sequentially struck from the treble side to the bass side, or vice versa. In general, the musical tones played by this technique do not play a melody, but rather have pitches that are related to a chord. A so-called "sound effect" is performed. Also, it is necessary for the electronic plucked musical instrument to be able to simulate such a playing technique by a simple operation.

[0003]

2. Description of the Related Art As an electronic musical instrument simulating the function of a harp, for example, an electronic musical instrument with a harp effect described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-135496 is known. This electronic musical instrument with a harp effect simulates the function of a pedal harp. Generally, the pedal harp can raise or lower the pitch of each string by one semitone by depressing a pedal. Therefore, in this electronic musical instrument with herb effect, the key of each note name of the keyboard is made to correspond to the string of each note name of the harp, and the pitch of each note name is raised / decreased by one semitone depending on the chord to be played. / Prohibition of pronunciation.

[0004]

In the glissando playing method using a pedal harp of a natural musical instrument, sounds are formed by combining sounds, various chord strings or chord strings close to them, based on the principle of enharmonic sounds. It is necessary to play multiple strings at the same time with multiple fingers, such as thumb when playing downward, index finger or middle finger when playing upward, sometimes two, three, and even four fingers with little finger Or use your fingers at the same time.

On the other hand, in an electronic musical instrument, when an effect such as glissando performance of a harp is to be obtained, a plurality of keys are played simultaneously using a plurality of fingers as in a harp of a natural musical instrument. Although it is necessary, it is difficult for beginners to sequentially move a plurality of musical tones related to a chord, because it is difficult to move a finger.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to make it possible for an electronic musical instrument to easily play a performance sound that requires complicated finger movements by a glissando playing method of a harp. With the goal.

[0007]

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating the principle of the present invention. In order to solve the above problems, an electronic musical instrument according to the present invention includes a pitch information input unit for inputting pitch information, a code information input unit for inputting chord information, and And output means for selecting and outputting a constituent sound having the same note name as the constituent sound of the chord information. In this electronic musical instrument, a pitch having the same pitch as that of the chord information input by the chord information inputting means is determined for the pitch input by the pitch information inputting means, and the same pitch is generated. I do.

Further, the electronic keyboard instrument according to the present invention has a key depression detecting means for detecting a key depression in a melody key range, a chord detection means for detecting a key depression in a chord key range, and a key depression detection means. When a key is detected, a tone having the same pitch as that of the component sound of the chord detected within the one-octave range including the pitch of the depressed key and detected by the chord detection means is generated. And control means for controlling. Here, the constituent sound of the chord in the chord key range is based on a plurality of keys pressed in the chord key range, and the root of the chord (root)
And the type of the chord may be detected, and the constituent sound of the chord may be obtained based on the root sound and the type. Alternatively, the pitch of the depressed key in the chord key range may be directly used as the constituent sound. When a key depression in the melody key range is detected, if the pitch of the key depression is the same as the pitch name of the chord, the key is pronounced at the pitch of the key depression. If the pitch of the key pressed is a pitch other than the constituent note of the chord, the pitch of the key is the closest chord, or the pitch name of the chord lower (or higher) than the pitch of the key pressed. Pitch. Further, a pitch having the same pitch name as a plurality of chord constituent tones may be selected from a range of one octave up and down including a pitch of a key depression. In this case, it is preferable that the number of generated musical tones is equal. In this electronic keyboard instrument, a pitch having the same pitch as the component sound of the specified chord is determined for the pitch of the depressed key, and the same pitch and the same pitch are generated at the key depression timing. I do. This allows you to specify a chord in the chord key range, and then play a key in the melody key range, for example, stroking the treble from the treble side to the same note name as the component sound of the specified chord. Can be generated one after another, so that even a beginner of an electronic musical instrument can easily perform a performance involving complicated finger movements such as a glissando playing of a harp.

[0009]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an overall configuration of an electronic musical instrument (electronic keyboard musical instrument) equipped with the function of a plucked musical instrument as one embodiment according to the present invention. The electronic musical instrument can generate various arbitrary musical tones in addition to the tone of a plucked musical instrument. In FIG. 2, reference numeral 1 denotes a CPU (central processing unit) that controls the entire apparatus, 2 denotes a keyboard as input means for melody information (pitch information) and chord information, 3 denotes a group of various controls on a panel, Reference numeral 4 denotes a memory which stores a control program and various tables such as an attached sound table which will be described later, and provides a work area.

The CPU 1 receives melody information and chord information from the keyboard 2 and various types of information from a panel operator, and generates pronunciation information and timbre information. This electronic musical instrument operates as a harp electronic musical instrument. During the operation, a harp HI, which will be described later, which is input from the panel operator group 3,
Based on N / OFF information, mode information, and the like, chord information and melody information (pitch information) input from the keyboard 2, ancillary note information is determined by referring to an attached note table in the memory 4. The attached sound information is output to the tone generator 5 in accordance with the information input timing.

Reference numeral 5 denotes a tone generator circuit for receiving a tone generation information and tone color information from the CPU 1 to generate a digital tone signal, 6 a DA converter for D / A (digital / analog) converting the digital tone signal from the tone generator circuit 5, 7 is a DA converter 6
An amplifier 8 amplifies the analogized musical tone signal, and a speaker 8 converts the amplified musical tone signal to electroacoustic sound emission.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of the panel operator group 3. As shown, Harmony Intelligence
ony Inteligence (hereinafter simply abbreviated as "HI") Switch group 31, upper organ sound (Upper) for selecting organ sound to be assigned to upper part of keyboard
Organ) Switch group 32, Upper Symphonic switch group 33 for selecting a symphonic sound to be assigned to the upper part,
Upper orchestral sound switch group 34 for selecting orchestral sounds to be assigned to parts, HI mode switching button 35, LCD display 3
6 and the like.

In this embodiment, the switch groups 32, 3
As shown at 3 and 34, there is a tone color selection switch for each part. The harp HI switch is included in the HI switch group 31, and when this switch is operated, each of the switch groups 32, 33, and 34 causes “other sounds” (Other
The tone color selection switch of s) is automatically selected, and the performance mode of the sound selected by the HI switch group 31, that is, the harp performance mode is set. In the harp performance mode, the tone of the tone signal generated by the tone generator 5 is controlled so as to be the tone of the harp. In addition, there is a switch for selecting the sounding mode of the harp.
Three harp sounding modes, I and Mode III, can be selected.

The manner of sound generation in these harp sound generation modes is as follows. Harp sounding mode I The input pitch information is compared with the input chord information,
If the input pitch information is not a constituent sound of a chord obtained from the input chord information, the pitch is changed and pronounced.

Harp pronunciation mode II The inputted pitch information is compared with the inputted chord information,
If the input pitch information is not a constituent sound of a chord obtained from the input chord information, the pitch is changed and pronounced, and two attached tones are attached.

Harp sounding mode III Two attached sounds are attached to a tone without generating a tone corresponding to the inputted pitch information.

Three specific examples of the harp sounding modes I to III will be described below. FIG. 4 shows each of the harp sounding modes I to III for the input key press information (that is, the key pressed) when the input chord information is "CMaj".
It is a figure which shows the pronunciation mode in. "Key press information" at the right end of the figure
Is pitch information input from the keyboard 2, and is pitch information of the pitch name itself assigned to each key of the piano keyboard. The “generated sound” indicates the pitch of a sound that is generated by changing the pitch of the key depression information when the key depression information is input. The “attached sound” means a sound that is automatically added to the input key press information, and includes a musical tone having the same note name as any of the chord constituent tones of the specified chord. Less than,
This is called accessory sound information). Also, “+” in the figure
The symbol "-" means a sound "one octave higher" and "one octave lower" than the pitch of the key press information.

As can be seen from FIG. 4, in the harp tone generation mode I, the pitch of the key-depression information is set to a pitch having the same relationship as the pitch name of any of the chord constituent sounds, or is left as it is. It is shown that the pitch is changed in a manner to generate a sound. Also, in the harp sounding mode II, it is shown that, together with this generated sound, an attached sound composed of two chord constituent sounds having a predetermined chord relationship with the inputted key depression information is added. Further, in the harp sounding mode III, it is shown that only an attached sound composed of two chord constituent sounds having a predetermined chord relationship with the inputted key depression information is generated, and the generated sound is excluded.

Similarly, FIG. 5 shows each of the harp tone generation modes I to III for the inputted key depression information (ie, the depressed key) when the inputted chord information is "Cmin".
Similarly, FIG. 6 shows a case where the input chord information is "C7".

FIG. 7 shows an attached sound table of the harp HI. This attached sound table is for when the key press information (melody information) input from the keyboard 2 is "C" and the harp sounding mode III is selected. Although not shown here, such an attached sound table is provided separately for every melody information (tone of the melody), and thus there are a total of 12 types. Although a similar table is used for the harp sounding modes 1 and II, it is basically the same configuration as the accessory sound table of FIG. 7 (except that there are generated sounds in addition to the accessory sounds). Therefore, it is omitted here.

Referring to the attached sound table shown in FIG. 7, one column on the right side is based on the inputted melody sound.
The four sounds are represented by the number of semitones from "-24" to "-1", and two bytes (16 bits) corresponding to each of these sounds (represented by the number of semitones) Has the following bit pattern. In this bit pattern, each bit is “Maj, min, 7th, D” from the least significant bit (LSB) to the most significant bit (MSB).
im, Aug, Maj7, min7, m7b5, Sus
4,6th, min6,9th, Maj9, min9,
6th9 "in that order. The 24 types of sounds (number of semitones) represent musical tones lower by the number of semitones from the pitch of the melody of the attached tone table. And "0" indicates that it is not an attached sound. In other words, the musical tone indicated by the number of semitones and the chord type corresponding to the bit in which "1" is set is composed of chord constituent sounds having a predetermined chord relationship in the chord type with respect to the pitch of the melody. It becomes a sound.

For example, for the pitch "C" of the inputted melody, in the attached sound data (the leftmost bit string) corresponding to the code "CMaj", the bit where "1" stands is "-8". "And" -5 ", and all others are" 0 ". Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4, the attached sounds in this case are 8 semitones lower = E 5 semitones lower = G.

Similarly, for the pitch "C" of the inputted melody, in the attached sound data (the second bit sequence from the left end) corresponding to the code "Cmin", the bit where "1" stands is Only “−9” and “−5”, and all others are “0”. Therefore, the attached sound in this case is shown in FIG.
As shown by, each tone is 9 semitones down = D♯5 semitones down = G.

Similarly, for the pitch "C" of the inputted melody, the bit in which "1" stands in the attached tone data (third bit string from the left end) corresponding to the code "C7" There are only “−8” and “−2”, and all others are “0”. Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 6, the attached sound in this case is a sound of 8 semitones lower = E 2 semitones lower = A♯.

The operation of this embodiment will be described below.
Now, it is assumed that the harp switch is pressed in the HI switch group 31 to be in the harp performance mode, and that the harp sounding mode III is selected by the sounding mode selection switch. In this case, the keyboard 2 is split from the vicinity of the center of the key area and divided into an upper part (upper keyboard) and a lower part (lower keyboard), and melody information is inputted by each key of the upper keyboard, and Code information is input by each key.

By pressing the harp switch, the following harp HI functions. 1. Among the functions of the HI switch group 31, a harp performance accessory sound (additional sound) table corresponding to the harp performance mode is selected.

2. In the tone generator 5, the timbre for each key of the upper keyboard and parameters relating to the timbre are set to predetermined values (harp timbre data). (1) That is, only the “other sounds” of the upper orchestral sound switch group 34 are selected as the upper keyboard tone, and a harp tone is assigned to the “other sounds”. Also, all or some of the parameters relating to the tone of the upper keyboard change to default values. This is realized by referring to a prepared tone color selection table dedicated to the harp HI separately from a normal tone color selection table.

(2) Thereafter, the timbres assigned to the respective timbres and the parameters relating to the timbres can be manually selected as usual. This is the same for the tone generated by the harp HI. This state can be stored in the memory button. (3) When the harp HI is turned off, the tone of the upper keyboard returns to the state immediately before turning the harp HI on. This is realized by returning the tone color selection table to be referred from the above-mentioned harp HI table to the normal one.

3. The sounding mechanism of the upper keyboard changes. (1) Normally, when a key is depressed, the note is pronounced at the scale assigned to each key, but in the harp performance mode, the note is not pronounced at the normally assigned scale, but is pronounced as described above in the selected harp sounding mode. The sound changes in various ways. That is, when the root note and type of the chord are designated by the lower keyboard of the keyboard 2 and the pitch of the melody tone is designated by the upper keyboard, the attached tone table corresponding to the pitch of the melody tone is referred to, and the attached tone table is referred to. The attached sound data corresponding to the root note and type of the specified chord in the sound table is read out, two attached sounds are determined, and the attached sound information is sent to the tone generator circuit 5, and the attached sound information is transmitted. A musical tone signal of the sound is generated.

Thus, it is possible to easily realize a performance composed of a complex combination of sounds by the glissando playing method of the harp simply by striking each key of the upper keyboard, for example, from right to left.

In carrying out the present invention, various modifications are possible. For example, in the above embodiment, the pitch and the chord are specified by dividing the keyboard into two parts, upper and lower parts. However, the present invention is not limited to this.
The input of the pitch and the chord information may be divided into parts using a two-step keyboard, or may be performed using MIDI or the like. Also, the form of the attached sound table is not limited to the embodiment,
A variety of different tables are available. Instead of using a table, it may be obtained by calculation based on pitch information and code information.

In the above-described embodiment, the harp is used as a plucked string instrument. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, a harp stringed instrument having a relatively large number of strings, such as a koto, may be used. The present invention can also be applied to a case where an electronic musical instrument is used.

In the above-described embodiment, a case has been described in which the present invention is realized by one single device called an electronic musical instrument. However, in practicing the present invention, for example, a keyboard (keyboard) and a sound source (sold separately) are installed in a personal computer. This personal computer can also be realized by executing a program that receives pitch information and code information input from a keyboard, determines accessory sound information, and sends the accessory sound information to a sound source. In this case, such a program can be stored in various storage media (CD, floppy disk, magnetic tape, etc.) and marketed.

[0034]

As described above, according to the present invention, a performance sound that requires complicated finger movements such as a glissando of a harp is played by simply stroking a keyboard, for example. You can easily play on musical instruments.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating the principle of an electronic musical instrument according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an overall configuration of an electronic musical instrument having a plucked instrument function as one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a group of operators on a panel surface in the apparatus according to the embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a list of sounds in each sounding mode in a harp performance mode in the embodiment device (when a code CMaj is selected).

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a list of sounds in each sounding mode in a harp performance mode in the embodiment device (when a code Cmin is selected).

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a list of sounds in each sounding mode in a harp performance mode in the embodiment device (when a code C7 is selected).

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of an attached sound table (for a melody sound C) in the embodiment device. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 CPU (Central processing unit) 2 Keyboard 3 Panel operator group 31 HI (Harmony intelligence) switch group 32 Upper organ sound switch group 33 Upper symphonic sound switch group 34 Upper orchestral sound switch group 35 Volume button 36 LCD display 4 Memory 5 Sound source circuit 6 D / A converter 7 Amplifier 8 Speaker

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. Pitch information input means for inputting pitch information; code information input means for inputting chord information; and, based on the input pitch information, a pitch name identical to a constituent sound of the chord information. And an output means for selecting and outputting a constituent sound. 2. A key depression detecting means for detecting a key depression in a melody key range, a chord detection means for detecting a key depression in a chord key range, and a key depression when a key depression is detected by the key depression detection means. Control means for controlling to generate a musical tone having the same pitch as the constituent sound of the chord detected within the one-octave range including the pitch of the selected key and detected by the chord detecting means. Keyboard instrument.