JPH01177089A - Automatic accompanying device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To automatically give a tie expression to an arbitrary musical note by detecting a fact that a sound of the same sound pitch as a constitution sound of a chord generated newly exists in a constitution sound of a chord generated at present at the time of changing the chord and maintaining the generation of its sound as it is, in case when pattern data has instructed the generation of the tie expression. CONSTITUTION:When pattern data has instructed the generation of a tie expression, when it is detected that a sound of the same sound pitch as a constitution sound of chord generated newly exists in a constitution sound of a chord generated at present at the time of changing the chord, the generation of this sound is continued as it is and a new sounding start control is not executed. Accordingly, as for this sound, sounding by a tie expression is executed. In such a way, an automatic accompanying device which can execute the tie expression when a common one exists in the constitution sound at the time of changing the chord is obtained.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION "Field of Industrial Application" The present invention relates to an automatic accompaniment device that can perform a tie expression when changing chords in automatic accompaniment.

``Prior art'' An automatic accompaniment device has been developed that performs automatic accompaniment using chords in response to key press data on a keyboard.
No. 5, etc.).

``Problems to be Solved by the Invention'' By the way, when a person actually performs a chord, when changing some of the constituent notes of the chord, only the finger corresponding to the note to be changed is moved, and the common constituent notes are moved. The key is often left pressed. In other words, common constituent notes are often played using Thai expressions.

However, with conventional automatic accompaniment devices, all notes are re-pronounced when there is a chord change, making it difficult to achieve a more natural performance effect.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and it is an object of the present invention to provide an automatic accompaniment device that is capable of expressing a tie when there is a common note among the constituent notes when changing chords.

"Means for Solving the Problem" In order to achieve the above purpose, a chord specifying means for specifying a chord to be played, and generation of chords and generation of chord tie expressions at each performance timing based on a clock signal are controlled. storage means for storing pattern data; and musical sound generation means for generating constituent tones of a chord based on the pattern data sequentially read out from the storage means based on a clock signal and the chord designated by the chord designation means. , when the read pattern data instructs generation of a tie expression of a chord, a configuration of a chord to be newly generated in the musical tone generating means among the constituent tones of the chord currently being generated in the musical tone generating means; The apparatus includes sound generation control means for detecting a sound having the same pitch as the sound and continuing to generate the detected sound.

"Effect" When the pattern data instructs generation of a tie expression, it is possible that at the time of chord change, there is a note with the same pitch as the constituent notes of the newly generated chord among the constituent notes of the currently generated chord. When detected, the generation of this sound continues as it is and no new sound generation start control is performed. Therefore, the previous part is pronounced using the Thai expression.

"Embodiments" Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

(1: Configuration of Embodiment) FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an embodiment of the present invention.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral l denotes a keyboard unit, which includes a plurality of keys, a plurality of key switches for detecting the on/off state of each key, and an interface that supplies the key code of each key switch to the pass line B. It consists of a circuit. Here, FIG. 2 shows the correspondence between keys and key codes. In Figure 2, the key code is displayed in lO base, and as you can see from this figure, the value of the key code changes by 1 for every semitone, and the C3 note is the key code ``6''.
0".

2 is a CPU (central processing unit) that controls each part of the device; 3 is a program memory in which the program of the CPU 2 is stored;
4 is a working memory in which various registers and flags are set. Note that each register and flag in the working memory 4 will be described later.

Next, reference numeral 5 denotes a pattern memory in which pattern data RPD used for generating rhythm tones and chord accompaniment tones is stored. In this case, the pattern memory 5 stores in advance a large number of pattern data RPD corresponding to rhythm types (samba, slow rock, etc.) and chord types. The format of this pattern data RPD is shown in FIG. As shown in the figure, the pattern data is composed of 26 bytes of data, and each byte has relative addresses r-2'', r-t'', and ro''.

"1", . . . r22J, r23J are set. The data of each address will be explained below.

"Address r-2": At this address, 8-bit table select data TBLSEL specifying one of tables #O, #1, . . . shown in FIG. 4 is stored. These tables #O, #1, . . . are stored in the table memory 6.

Address r-IJ: This address stores delay time data that instructs the shift time when the constituent tones of a chord that should originally be sounded simultaneously in a chord accompaniment are sounded with a slight time delay. This data is useful when, as in a guitar stroke performance, each string is played at almost the same time, but in reality, the sound timing is slightly different depending on the string (the 6th string is faster, the 1st string is slower, or It is used when reproducing the opposite).

Address “0” to r23J: Each of these addresses has
Pronunciation mode instruction data PD indicating pitch modes and key-on modes of chords are stored from number 0 to number 47.

In this way, 48 pronunciation mode instruction data PD a to PD
The reason why 4F is stored is because in this embodiment, one bar (4 beats) is divided into 48 parts, and the sound generation is controlled at each division timing. This sound generation mode instruction data PD is 4-bit data represented by (0)□ to (F)u in hexadecimal notation, and is used sequentially in 4-bit units according to each sound generation timing. Here, the relationship between the content and the instructed pronunciation mode is shown in FIG.

In FIG. 5, "Normal" is the normal key-on mode in which sound is produced at the relevant division timing, and "Tai key-on" is the sound note (
If any of the notes (constituting notes of a chord) is connected to the previous note (notes making up the chord) by a tie symbol (see Figure 17), the note will not be repronounced anew and will continue to be pronounced as before. This is a way to lengthen the sound. Furthermore, "delay key on" is a mode in which a performance is performed using the aforementioned delay time data. The numerical value on the upper horizontal axis of the figure is the pitch mode number TEBNO, which indicates one of the pitch modes set in each table shown in FIG. Here, in table #0, TEBNO "0" indicates the pitch relationship of normal chord constituent notes determined by the chord type, TEBNOrlJ indicates the pitch relationship of chord constituent notes including the 9th (nineth) note, TEBNOr
2'' indicates an interval relationship in which each note of a normal chord is lowered by a semitone. In addition, in table #1, the pitch mode number TEBNOrOJ indicates the pitch relationship of the notes that make up the chord,
"1" indicates an interval relationship in which each note of a normal chord is lowered by a semitone. In this way, the function of the value of the pitch mode number TEBNO is arbitrarily set depending on the table number selected.

Furthermore, the chord type symbols shown in Figure 4 use general-purpose chord type symbols; for example, M is major, m
is minor, sus is sus, Aug is augmented, d
Im indicates diminished, and the number indicates seventh or sixth.

These code types are designated by hexadecimal codes from 1 to D. ch indicates the sound generation channel, and in this example, chO to ch2
Automatic accompaniment using multiple notes is performed using three channels. The numerical values "0" to r255J (in decimal notation) written in the column of each sound generation channel Ch in FIG. 4 are key codes.

Also, the contents of the pronunciation mode instruction data PD are (1)□~(C
)l(, as mentioned above, the pitch mode number TEBNO
However, when it is (0)H, it instructs to turn off the key, and when it is (F)H, it instructs to do nothing and maintain the previous state. Note that (of the contents of the pronunciation mode instruction data PD)
D))l and (E))l are not used in this embodiment (see Figure 5).

The above are the functions of each data in the pattern, and a plurality of pattern data according to the format shown in FIG. 3 are stored in correspondence with rhythm types and chord types. Further, the address "r-2Jr-1" is the header of the pattern data.

Next, numeral 7 in FIG. 1 is a tempo clock generator, which outputs to the CPU 2 a tempo clock TP of a constant period, which is the basis of the tempo of the automatic performance sound.

The CPU 2 is interrupted by this tempo clock TP. In this case, the period of the tempo clock TP is
Tempo data T supplied from 2 via pass line B
Determined according to D.

8 is a timer, which supplies a constant cycle pulse signal to the CPU 2 as an interrupt signal. This timer 8 is used in performances using delay time data (see Figure 3).
Used to elapse the set delay time.

Reference numeral 10 denotes a switch group consisting of a rhythm selection switch, a rhythm start/stop switch, a tone selection switch, various effect selection switches, and the like. Reference numeral 12 denotes a tone generator, which generates musical tones corresponding to the player's key performance based on key-on/key-off information issued from the CPU 2 in response to key presses/releases of the keyboard circuit 1, and generates accompaniment chords based on pattern data RPD. Occur. The tone generator 12 also has a percussion rhythm sound source, and is configured to generate rhythm sounds corresponding to the selected rhythm in accordance with the tempo clock TP.

Here, the main various registers and flags in the above-mentioned working memory 4 will be explained.

Flag RUN: #l# when running with automatic accompaniment, " when stopped"
0” is written.

Register CLK: This is a register in which the count number of the tempo clock TP is written.
7" is cyclically written.

Register DLL, DL2: Channel chi.

This is a register that measures the delay time of ch2, and the delay time data shown in FIG. 3 is written therein. During delay performance, each time timer 8 outputs a clock, it is subtracted, and the contents of registers DLI and DL2 become O.
When this happens, the corresponding channel is allowed to produce sound.

Key code buffer KCBUF: A register into which the key code of the pressed key is written, and a plurality of registers are provided.

Register CHD: A register in which chord information is written. When the CPU 2 detects the chord type and root note from the key code of the accompaniment keyboard, the chord type data is written to the upper 4 bits, and the root note data is written to the lower 4 bits. The root note data is "OJ+'lJ'+..."11
'', which corresponds to the C note, C# note, . . . B note. The chord type data is data corresponding to the chord type shown in Fig. 4, and is major M1 minor m1.
This is data of ``rlJ to r13'' according to the seventh grade, etc.

Register TCI(D: This is a register in which the above chord information is temporarily stored.

Register ROOT: This is a register in which the above root note data is temporarily stored.

Register TYPE: A register in which code type data is stored.

Register CHK: This is a register in which the calculated values of CLK, MOD, and 12 are stored. Here, CLK, MOD,
12 refers to the remainder of the quotient obtained by dividing the contents of register CLK by 12. This CLK.

MOD, 12 represents timing within a -beat.

Register TBLSEL, R: Table select data (
(See FIG. 3) TBLSEL is the register to which data is written.

Register DLYTM: This is a register into which delay time data (see FIG. 3) is written.

Address pointer PNT: A pointer indicating an address in the pattern format shown in FIG.

Registers DT and NDT: These are registers into which the sound generation mode instruction data PD are written, respectively.The sound generation mode instruction data PD at that time is written to the register DT, and the sound generation mode instruction data PD at the next timing is written to the register NDT. , l are written.

Register KEYa is a key code buffer provided in the register generator l.

The pitch of the sound produced by the sound generation channels cho to Ch2 is determined by the key codes written in the registers KEY, .about.KEY.

Register oxEyo~2: This is a register in which the previous value of register KEY~2 is stored.

Flag MODE: “When OH, channel chi (
Instruct the normal key-on mode to turn on the key by writing a new key code to +-+~, ). Also, 'l''
In this case, a sound generation process (details of this process will be described later) is instructed to change only the key code for the sound generation channel that is already in the sound generation state.

Register RTKEY: A register into which a key code obtained by converting the range of the root note data in the register ROOT is written.

The above are the main registers, flags, etc. provided in the working memory 4.

Next, the operation of this embodiment with the above-described configuration will be explained.

The operation of this example is basically a chord (
This is an automatic accompaniment that plays 3 notes). Furthermore, in this embodiment, since the sound generation process differs depending on the key-on mode, each key-on mode will be explained below.

A: Normal Main Routine "MAIN" FIG. 6 is chart 70 showing the main routine of this embodiment. First, when the power is turned on, various registers and flags (KCBUF, RUN, DLISDL2, etc.) in the working memory 4 are cleared as an initial process, and then the process moves to step SP2 and subsequent steps.

In step SP2, it is determined whether there is an on event for the start switch in the switch group 10. Here, an event refers to a change in the state of a switch or key, and includes an on event that changes from off to on, and an off event that changes from on to off. When an on event of the start switch is detected in step SP2, the value of the flag RUN is inverted in step SP3. This step SP2. Due to the processing of SP3, flag R is set every time the start switch is pressed.
The value of UN is inverted. Next, in step SP4,
It is determined whether the flag RUN is "1" or not, and if it is rNOJ, this is an instruction to stop automatic accompaniment driving, so step S
Moving on to P5, tone generator 120 channel c
hO=Turns off ch2 and also turns off all rhythm sounds (percussion). If rYESJ is determined in step SP4, this means that the start of automatic accompaniment running has been instructed, so step SP64: Move to register CLK, DLI.

Clear DL2 and prepare for the start of automatic accompaniment. Step SP5. After the processing at SP6, the process moves to step SP7, where it is determined whether or not the rhythm selection has been changed. On the other hand, if the determination in step SP2 is rNOJ, that is, if the start switch remains on or off, steps SP3 to SP5 are not performed and step SP7
leading to.

If the determination in step SP7 is rYESJ, change the data to indicate the changed rhythm type (step 5P8).
In step SP9, it is determined whether the 7-lag RUN is "1".If this determination is "YESJ", it means that the rhythm type was switched during automatic accompaniment running, so in step 5PIO, it is determined whether the 7-lag RUN is "1". The sounding of the accompaniment based on the previously selected rhythm type is stopped, and the accompaniment based on the newly selected rhythm is prepared.Then, the presence or absence of a key event is determined in step 5PII.On the other hand, if the determination in step SP9 is rNOJ In this case, the automatic accompaniment has not been performed continuously for some time, or the flag RUN is cleared in step SP3 to stop the automatic accompaniment.
Since the sound generation of channel Cho-ch2 in 2 has been stopped, step SPH is immediately determined without performing step 5 PIO processing. Step 5 PII determination is
This is done by the CPU 2 observing changes in the key code supplied from the keyboard circuit 1. If there is no key event, the process moves to step 5P12, where the timbre and volume are set or changed in accordance with the operations of other switches in the switch group 10, and then the process returns to step SP2 to repeat the above process.

On the other hand, if there is a key event, the subroutine “K
EY-EVT" processing.

■Subroutine “KEY-EVT” First, in step SPa 1, the key code emitted from the keyboard circuit 1 is transferred to the key code buffer KCBUF.
write to. When multiple key codes are issued, each key code buffer KC is
Assign to BUF.

Then, the process moves to step 5Pa2, and a sound generation process is performed for the key where the event occurred. This sound generation process is performed by a sound generation channel different from the channels ch and -ah2 of the tone generator 12. That is, this pronunciation is a direct pronunciation process in response to key presses, which is different from chord performance such as melody performance. Next, in step 5Pa3, the chord type and root note are detected based on the key code in the key code buffer KCBUF, and these are stored in the register TCHD.
write to. Then, in step 5Pa4, CLK
, MOD, 12, that is, divide the contents of register CLK by 12 to obtain a remainder, and write the result of the operation to register CHK. The result of this calculation indicates the timing within one beat as described above. Here, the contents of the register CLK are reset to rQJ when the automatic accompaniment starts, but the tempo clock generator 7
Every time a tempo clock TP is generated, it is incremented by 1 through the processing of subroutine CLK-ERQ (see Figure 12), and the timing within a measure (from "0" to r
47J).

When the process of step 5Pa4 is finished, step 5Pa5
Then, it is determined whether the contents of the register CHK are 1 to 3 or not. This judgment is based on the timing of the key event.
This is a judgment as to whether or not it is within 1/4 timing from the beginning of the beat. If this judgment is “YESJ”, register C
The data in register TCHD is written to HD. The data written in this register TCHD (root note data raw chord type data) is used in the following sound generation process. On the other hand, if the determination in step 5Pa5 is "NO",
Returning to the main routine "MA I N", the data is written into the register CHD at the beginning timing of the next beat (see step 5Pd4 in FIG. 12).

That is, if a key event occurs at the beginning of a beat, the root note data of the changed chord immediately.

The chord type data is written to the register CHD and used for automatic accompaniment sound processing, but if the key event occurs at a place other than the beginning of the beat, the root note data of the changed chord is waited until the beginning of the next beat. , writes code type data to register CHD. This is to avoid the possibility that if the automatic accompaniment chord changes in the middle of a beat, it would be unnatural musically.

When the processing of step 5Pa6 is completed, the root note data and chord type data in register CHD are transferred to register RO.
Write to OT and register TYPE (see steps 5Pa7 and 5Pa8), and write “subroutine FAT-C”.
HG” processing.

(2) "Subroutine FAT-CHG" This process is a process for matching the automatic accompaniment that was performed previously with the automatic accompaniment based on a new key event when a key event occurs.

First, in step SPb1, pattern data RPD to be played next is read out based on the selected rhythm type and the contents of the register TYPE, and the pattern data RPD to be played next is read out.
Write on T. Then, in step 5Pb2,
The table select data TBLSEL at address "-2" and the delay time data at address "-1" (see Figure 3) of the read pattern data RPD are stored in registers TBLSEL, R and register DLY, respectively.
Write to TM. Next, pointer PNT is set to register CL.
Write the value of K, that is, the clock count value at that time (step 5rb3), PMT, MO
It is determined whether the calculated value of D,2 is "0" (step 5Pb4). This operation is an operation to check whether the clock count value (CLK value) at that time is an even number or an odd number.
If it is "0", it is an even number. If the number is even, the process proceeds to step 5pbs, and the sound generation mode instruction data PD in the lower 4 bits of the address rPNT/2J of the pattern data RPD is written into the register DT. In addition, if the calculation in step 5Pb4 is an odd number, step 5
Proceed to Pb6 and enter the address r (
PNT-1)/2'' is written into the register f)T. The processing of steps 5Pb4 to 5Pb6 described above is a process of matching the clock count value with the number of the sound production mode instruction data PD. For example, when the clock count value written to pointer PNT is "1", the upper 4 of address rQJ
When the sound generation mode instruction data PD in the bit is selected and the clock count value is r46J, the address 2 is selected.
The sound production mode instruction data PD, , located in the lower 4 bits of 3 is selected (see FIG. 3). In the above process, when the sound generation mode instruction data PD corresponding to the clock count value is written to the register DT, the process moves to step 5Pb7, and it is determined whether the content of the register DT is (F)H or not, that is, it instructs "do nothing". It is determined whether it is a thing or not. If this judgment is rYEsJ, the value of the pointer PNT is subtracted by 1, and the process returns to step 5Pb9.
Processing after Pb4 is performed. This process continues until the contents of register DT become something other than (F)H. Then, when data other than (F)H is detected, step 5P
BLl, it is determined whether the contents of the register DT are "0", that is, whether the data instructs key-off. If this judgment is rYESJ, register KE
If the contents of Y, ~, are “0”, the main routine “MA”
IN” (see FIG. 6), and if it is not “0”, all channels cho to 2 of the tone generator 12 are turned off (steps 5Pb16, 5Pb1
7) Return after clearing the registers KEY, .

Here, the meaning of the series of processes of steps 5Pb4 to 5Pb11 and steps 5Pb15 to 5P17 described above will be explained.

Now, as shown in FIG. 9(a), it is assumed that there is a change from the chord C major to the chord F major at the beginning timing of the third cuff. Assume that the pattern data RPD corresponding to the newly read chord F major as a result of this change is shown on the musical score as shown in FIG. 9 (b). When this musical score is converted into pronunciation mode instruction data, it becomes as shown in FIG. 10, for example. Here, since the value of the register CLK at the beginning timing of the third cuff is "24", step 5
The value written to pointer PNT at Pb3 is “2”.
4". And step 5Pb4→5pbs→5
By the process of Pb7, in step 5Pb7, the pronunciation mode instruction data PD.

It is determined whether the value of is (F)o. In this case, (F
)H, so the determination is rYEsJ. by the way,(
F) Since the meaning of H is "do nothing," if key-on has been previously instructed, the sound must be continued, and if key-off has been instructed, the mute state must be maintained. Therefore, if the sound generation mode instruction data PD at a certain timing is (F)8, it is unclear what kind of new sound generation control should be performed. Therefore, it is necessary to search for a pronunciation mode indicator other than (F)H at a timing before that. Step 5Pb4~
The process of SPb 10 is the process of performing this search.

Now, in the above example, since the pronunciation mode instruction data PD□ is (F) II, the previous pronunciation mode instruction data PD! , it is found that it is (0)H, and that the mute must be maintained at the clock count value "24". This determination of muting is performed in step SPb.
This corresponds to the case where rYESJ is obtained in 11.

By the way, it is assumed that the pattern data RPD for the accompaniment of the C major chord before the key event is expressed on the musical score as shown in FIG. 9(c). In this case, as shown in the figure, since muting is instructed by the clock count value "23", the contents of the registers KEY, ~, at this point are all "0" due to the muting instruction. It has become.

In other words, the sound generation mode at the clock count value "24" is the same before the change ((c) in the same figure) and after the change ((b) in the same figure). In such a case, step 5Pb1
The determination in step 5 is rYEsJ, and the process returns without performing any sound generation control processing.

On the other hand, it is assumed that the pattern data RPD for the accompaniment of the C major chord before the key event is expressed on the musical score as shown in FIG. 9(d). In this case, as shown in the figure, the clock count value "23" requires that the sound produced at the second beat be continued. Therefore, register K
A key code (a dotted quarter note key code) corresponding to the sound of the second beat is written in EY, . . . , respectively. However, the clock count value r24J (
3rd beat), it is necessary to mute the sound (see figure (b)). Therefore, in such a case, step 5P
Proceeding to b16, the sound generation channels chO~2 of the tone generator 12 are turned off to mute the sound, and registers KEY~8 are cleared, and then the process returns (Step 5Pb17).

The above is the meaning of the processing in steps 5Pb4 to 5Pbll and steps 5Pb15 to 5Pb17.

The processing in steps 5Pbll to 5Pb17 is performed when muting is instructed at the timing after the change, but conversely, sound generation may be instructed. In this case, steps SPb 11 to SPb 14 are performed. This process will be explained below.

When the sound generation mode instruction data PD at the relevant timing in the changed pattern data is other than (F)Hl (0)H, ' and the sound generation mode instruction data PD detected sequentially from the relevant timing is other than (0)H. In this case, the pronunciation is instructed after the change. In this case, since the determination in step 5Pbll is "NO", the determination in step 5Pb12 is performed. This determination is similar to the determination in step 5Pb15 described above, and is “YE
In the case of “S”, the sound is muted at the timing according to the pattern data before the change. In addition, in the case of [NOJ, the sound is generated at the relevant timing according to the pattern data before the change. Then, when the determination in step 5Pb12 is rYESJ, "θ" is written in the flag MODE, and when it is rNOJ, "1" is written in the flag MODE (steps 5Pb13 and 14). After this processing, the process moves to the subroutine "FAT-KEY". The pronunciation processing is performed in this subroutine.

(2) Subroutine "FAT-KEY (Normal)" This subroutine is for controlling the tone generation channels cho to 2 of the tone generator 12.

However, since the processing is different when the key-on mode shown in FIG. 5 is "normal", "main key-on", and "delay key-on", the case of "normal" will be explained here.

First, in step SPc 1 shown in FIG.
DT-1), MOD, and 4 are performed, and the results of the calculations are written to registers TBLNO and R. This operation is an operation for converting the value of the pronunciation mode instruction data PD into an interval mode number TBLNO (see FIG. 5). Next, step 5Pc2
In , the operation for converting the value of the sound production mode instruction data PD into a key-on mode number, that is, INT ((DT-
1)/4) and store the result in register KONTP.
write to. In step 5Pc3, register 0
Write the value of register KEYi (i=o to 2) to KEYi. The process of step 5Pc3 is a process of writing the previous key code generated in channels cho to 2 at this point into the register 0KEY of the same number. Next, the process moves to step 5Pc4, where the range of the root note is changed from G to F# by the illustrated calculation, and the changed root note is written into the register RTKEY. An example of this processing is shown below. Now, if the root note data in register ROOT is "0" indicating C note, then (ROOT+5).

MOD, the calculation of 12 results in “5”, and this is “5”.
Adding ``5'' results in ``60.'' Key code "60"
As shown in FIG. 2, is the key code of the C1 note.

Next, in step 5Pc5, register TBLS
Read the table that matches the select number in EL, R (already set in step 5Pb2), and register TBLNO in this table.

Data corresponding to pitch mode number TBLNO in R is read. Then, each channel cho of this read data
The numerical values corresponding to ~2 are added to the values of the register RTKEY, respectively, and the addition results are written to the registers KEY, ~, respectively. Now, the contents of register RTKEY are the key code “
60'', and the table is #0 and the pitch mode number T
When the BLNO is 01 and the code type is M (major), 4, 7, and 12 are each added to 60 as shown in FIG. Therefore, the key code "64" is in the register KEY, and the key code "64" is in the register KEY.
7" and the key code "72" is written in the register KEY, respectively. These key codes r64J, r6
7J and r72J correspond to E3 sound, G sound, and C1 sound, respectively.

Step 5 When the process of Pe5 is completed, step SPc
Moving to 6, the contents of register KONTP are “0”, “1”,
It is determined which one is "2". That is, it is determined whether the key-on mode is "normal", "delay key-on", or "tying key-on".

Since "normal" will be explained here, the process advances to step 5Pc7. In this step 5Pc7,
It is determined whether the contents of the register MODE are “1” or not, and “
If “NO”, register KE is set in step 5Pc5.
The key codes written in Y, ~, are supplied to each of the sound generation channels cho to ch2 in the tone generator 12, and the key codes are sounded (step 5Pc8).
. - On the other hand, if the content of register MODE is "1", the judgment in step 5Pc7 is "NO", and register K
The key code written in E Y o~ is exchanged with the key code in the sound generation channels chO~Ch2 in the tone generator 12 to generate the sound (step 5Pc9).
. In this way, when the register MODE is "1", the key code is replaced by the sound channel cho-
This is the case when ch2 continues to produce sound using the previously supplied key code (steps 5Pb12 and 5P).
b14), the previous key code is replaced with the new key code in order to produce uninterrupted pronunciation (pronunciation corresponding to the slur symbol).

When the key-on processing in steps 5Pc8 and 5Pc9 is completed, the process returns. After returning, this subroutine is “
FAT-CHG" (FIG. 8), it is the main routine.

The above operation explanation is based on key events (
This is the pronunciation process when there is a chord change).
N”-“KEY-EVT” →”FAT-CHG”→
After passing through the routine "FAT-KEY", the process returns to the main routine "MAIN". If sound generation is not instructed at the timing of the changed pattern data, the subroutine "FAT-CHG" performs a muting process (step 5Pb16), and then returns to the main routine "MA I N".

By the way, the normal sound production process for automatic accompaniment is a process that is automatically performed based on the tempo clock TP. The process in this case is the subroutine “CLK・I” shown in FIG.
RQ” and the subroutine “FAT-R” shown in FIG.
These are explained below.

■Subroutine “CLK-IRQ” First, when the tempo clock generator 7 shown in FIG.
Then, in step SPd 1, it is determined whether the flag RUN is "1", and if "NO", the process returns; if "rYES", the process moves to step SPd 2. In step 5Pd2, rhythm sound generation processing (percussion sound generation) is performed according to the value of the register CLK and the selected rhythm type. Next, the process moves to step 5Pd3, where it is determined whether the remainder when the contents of the register CLK are divided by 12 is "0".

If this determination is rYEsJ, the contents of register CLK indicate the start timing of the beat (0, H, 24, 36). If the judgment in step 5Pd3 is "rNO", the subroutine "PAT-READ" is immediately executed, and in the case of rYEsJ, the contents of the register TCHD are written to the register CHD, and then the above subroutine "PAT-READ" is executed.
-READ'M: Move. The process of step SPd 4 is as follows:
If the judgment in step 5Pa5 mentioned above becomes "NO",
This is a process for writing the key code that has not been written into the register CHK.

■Subroutine “FAT-READ” First, in step SPe 1 shown in FIG.
Based on the rhythm type and the chord type data in the register TYPE, pattern data RPD to be played is selected and written to the register FAT. Then, table select data TBLSEL and delay time data at addresses "-2" and "-1" of pattern data RPD are written into registers TBLSEL and R and register DLYTM, respectively. Next, in step 5Pe3, it is determined whether the contents of the register CLK are even or odd, and if the contents are even, the process proceeds to step 5Pe4, and the register DT
and pattern data address rCLK/2 in NDT.
The pronunciation mode instruction data PD and PD m+I (n is the content of register CLK) in the lower 4 bits and upper 4 bits of J are respectively written. Also, register CLK
If the contents of is an odd number, the sound generation mode instruction data PD in the upper 4 bits of address r(CLK-1)/2J and the lower 4 bits of address r(CLK+1)/2J of the pattern data is stored in registers DT and NDT. .

and P D 6. , is written (step 5Pe
5). Through the processing of steps 5Pe4 and 5Pe5,
The sound generation mode instruction data PD to be processed at that time is written in the register DT, and the sound generation mode instruction data P to be processed at the next timing (CLK+1) is written in the register NDT.
D is written. For example, if the contents of register CLK are "
4'', the sound generation mode instruction data PD, , PD, at address ``2'' shown in FIG. Pronunciation mode instruction data PD, and address “
3" sounding mode instruction data PD, and registers DT and N.
Written to DT. Note that if the value of CLK+1 is "48" in step 5Pe5, the address "
The lower 4 bits of "0" are written.

Next, in step 5Pe6, it is determined whether the contents of the register DT are (F)u, that is, whether the pronunciation mode instruction data PD to be processed at the timing is "do nothing". This judgment is rYEsJ
If so, proceed to step SPe l 1 and register N
It is determined whether the content of DT is (F)H, that is, whether the pronunciation mode instruction data PD to be processed next is "do nothing". If the judgment is rYEsJ, the process returns, and if it is rNOJ, it is judged in step 5Pe12 whether the contents of the register DLl are "0". Since the register DLI has been cleared by the initialization process in step SPI shown in FIG. 6, the determination in step 5Pe12 is rYEsJ, and step SP
Proceeding to e15, it is determined whether the contents of register DL2 are "0" or not. Since this register DL2 is also reset in step SPI, the determination is rYEsJ and the process returns. In this way, if the content of register DT is (F)8, steps 5Pe6, 5Pal
via l or further steps 5Pe12, 5Pe
15, the process returns to step 5Pd5 of the subroutine "CLK/IRQ". In step SPd5, processing is performed to increment the contents of register CLK by one. Note that the operation shown in step SPd5 is performed when the contents of register CLK are set to "0".
” to “47”.

On the other hand, in step 5Pe6 shown in FIG.
When it becomes J, the process moves to step 5Pe7, and it is determined whether the contents of the register DT are (0)H. If this determination is rYESJ, since key-off is instructed at the relevant timing, all sound generation channels chO to ch2 of the tone generator 12 are key-off, and
Clear register KEY, ~ (step 5Pe8
゜5Pe9). If the determination in step 5Pe7 is "NO", the flag MODE is set to "O" in step SPe10, and then the subroutine "FAT-KE" is executed.
The process moves on to “Y”.

The processing of the subroutine "'FAT-KEY" is as described above, the key-on mode is normal, and the flag MOD
When E is "0", sound is produced by the processing of steps 5P01 to 5Pc8. After this pronunciation processing,
Return to step SPe11. If the key-on mode is normal, the process returns to step 5Pd5 in FIG. 12 via step 5Pall or step SPe 12SPe 15, and the register CLK is incremented.

The above processing is performed every time the tempo clock TP is issued. The above is the process for the key-on mode "normal".

B: Day Ray Key On Next, the case of late key-on will be explained.

This day-lay key-on is performed by subroutine “FAT-KE”.
The process is the same as the normal case described above, except that the processing contents for "Y" and "FAT-READ" are changed, and the processing of the subroutine "TIMER/IRQ" is added.First, the processing of the subroutine "FAT-KEY" I will explain about it.

■ Subroutine “FAT-KEY” (Delay key on) First, steps SPc 1 to 5Pc6 are the same as in the normal case, but based on the judgment in step 5Pc6, the process moves to step 5PclO, and the register MOD is set to “1”.
It is determined whether or not. If this judgment is rYEsJ,
Ste, move to Tsubu 5Pc9, channels ChO~ch2
Replace the key chord in the register with the key chord in the register KEY o~, and sound all three key chords. In other words, the delay key-on processing is not performed, and the sound is produced when the player is facing 3 backwards.

This means that the register MOD becomes "1" when there is a key event that changes the chord.
- This is a case where the sound continues depending on the sound data, so
This is because if a daytime key-on is performed using a new key chord, it will be unnatural musically.

On the other hand, if rNOJ is determined in step SPc 10, the delay time data (see FIG. 5) written in register DLYTM in step 5Pb2 or step SPe 2 is written in register DLI,
Also, double the delay time data and register DL2
write to. Then, the process moves to step SPc12, where the register KEY is input. Supply the key code within to channel ch and turn on the key. That is, the key code of the register KEY (the lowest note of the notes constituting the chord as shown in FIG. 4) is immediately sounded without turning on the delay key.

When the process of step SPc 12 is completed, the process immediately returns to the main routine "MAIN", or the step SPe 11+ (SPc 12, 15) → 1st
The process returns to the main routine via 5Pd5 in FIG. The former is executed in subroutine “FAT-CHG” by “
This is the case when "FAT-KEY" is called, and the latter is when "FAT-KEY" is called in the subroutine "FAT-READ".
EY" is called. Then, when the pulse signal IP is output from the timer 8 while the main routine "MAIN" is being circulated, the process returns to the subroutine "TI".
In this case, since the period of the pulse signal IP is set to be sufficiently shorter than the tempo clock TP, the processing of the subroutine "TIMER/IRQ" is normally completed before the next tempo clock TP is supplied. will be held.

■ Subroutine “TIMER/IRQ” First, in step 5Pfl, it is determined whether the content of the flag RUN is “1” or not. If “NO”, the main routine “MA I
Return to “N” and if rYEsJ, step 5P
Proceed to f2. In step 5Pf2, it is determined whether the contents of register DLI are "0" or not. If it is "0", the process proceeds to step 5Pf6, and if not "0", 1 is subtracted from the contents of register DLI (step 5Pf3). Then, it is determined whether the contents of the register DLI after the subtraction is "O" (
Step 5Pf4), if “O”, channel chi
The key code in the register KEYI is supplied to the key to turn on the key. If the determination in step 5Pf4 is "NO", the process advances to step 5Pf6.

Next, the processing in steps 5Pf6 to 5Pf9 is processing that is exactly the same as the processing in steps 5Pf2 to 5Pf5 described above for the register DL2. Then, when the process of step 5Pf9 is completed, the process returns, and when the pulse signal IP is supplied again, this subroutine "TIME"
Returning to "R・IRQ". In this way, when the subroutine "TIMER-IRQ" is processed every time the pulse signal IP is supplied, the contents of the registers DLI and DL2 to which delay time data was initially written are changed to step 5P
It is sequentially subtracted by the processing of f3.8Pf7, and when the subtraction result becomes "0", the register KEY1.
KEY! The key code within is supplied to channel chi or channel ch2 and the key is turned on. In other words, since the sound of channel chi is delayed by the delay time data from channel cho, and the contents of register DL2 are twice the contents of register DLI (see step SPc 11), the sound of channel ch2 is delayed by the amount of delay time data. It is further delayed by the delay time data. The diagram is as shown in FIG. 15.

■Step SPe of subroutine “FAT-READ”
1 3 = SPe 1 7 By the way, when the tempo of the song is fast, when delayed key-on processing is performed, the sounding timing of the delayed key code may be delayed from the next note that is to be sounded later. For example, as shown in Figure 16, the first 1
When delay key-on processing is performed on a sixth note chord, the sound timing of channel ch2 will change to the following one.
Sixth note pronunciation timing 1. It may be delayed.

This is musically unnatural, so in such a case, delay processing is interrupted and the sound timing of channel ch2 is changed to timing 1. I am trying to perform the process of shifting it before the .

Step SPe of subroutine “FAT-READ”
The processes of 13 to 5Pe17 are for this purpose. This process will be explained below.

Now, suppose that the next tempo clock TP is issued before the delay key-on processing is completed. As a result,
Processing is performed via the subroutine “CLK-IRQ”
T-READ". Then, step SPe 1~
After passing through step 5Pe6, a determination in step SPe11 is performed. In this case, if the sound is to be generated at the timing of the next tempo clock TP, step 5 Pall
Since the determination is "NO", the process moves to step SPe12, where it is determined whether the contents of the register DLI are "0" or not. If this judgment is rNOJ, the sound generation channel ch
Since delay key-on processing has not yet been performed for i, the register DLR is cleared in step SPe13, and the key code in the register KEYI is supplied to channel chi to forcefully turn on the key (step SPe14). ), while step SPe
If the determination in step 12 is rYEsJ, step 5Pe15
At this point, it is determined whether the contents of register DL2 are "0" or not. If this judgment is rYEsJ, channel ch
Since the delay key-on processing for both channels i and ch2 has been completed, the main routine “M
Return to “A I N”.Also, step 5Pe1
If the result in step 5 is "NO", register DL2 is cleared and the key code in register KEYZ is supplied to channel ch2 to forcibly turn on the key. After this process,
Main routine “MAIN” via step 5Pd5
Return to.

The above is the delay key-on processing.

C: Thai key on Next, the key-on processing will be explained.

In this case, the processing other than the subroutine "FAT-KEY" is the same as the normal processing described above.

Step 5Pal of subroutine “FAT-KEY”
The processing up to 5Pc6 is the same as in the normal case, but the determination at step 5Pc6 is "1" and the process proceeds to step 5Pc13. In step SPc 13, register i is cleared, and further step S
Clear register j at Pc14. and,
Proceeding to step 5Pc15, the contents of register 0KEYi and register KEYi are compared. This process is a process for determining whether the previous key code data written in the register 0KEY i in step 5Pc3 and the current key code data written in the register KEY i in step 5Pc5 match. Further, in step SPc15 to 8, it is determined whether the contents of register i and register j are different. The first judgment in this step SPc 15 is that register 0
Comparing the contents of KEYO and register KEYO, i
Since m j, the determination is NO, and step SPc
Move on to 17. In step 5Pc17, 1 is added to the contents of register j, and the process moves to step SPe18. Step SPc1B is a process of determining whether the value of register j is less than "3", and step SPc1B is a process of determining whether the value of register j is less than "3".
When the addition process of c17 is performed twice or less, the result is rYEsJ, and the process moves to step 5Pc15 again to perform the comparison process. The second comparison process in step SPc 15 is 0K
This is a comparison of whether EYO-KEYI or not. This judgment is rY
If EsJ, register KEY i and register KEY
The contents of j are replaced (step 5Pc16). That is, in the above case, the register K EY a
and the contents of register KEY are exchanged. Thereafter, the contents of register j are incremented in the same manner, and the process of step 5Pc15 is performed again. After this process, step 5P
After performing the process in c17, the determination in step 5Pc18 is “
NO”, and register i is set in step 5Pc19.
The contents of are incremented. Next, step 5Pc
The process proceeds to step 20, where it is determined whether the contents of register i are less than 3 or not. This judgment is rYEsJ when the process of step 5Pc19 is performed twice or less, so the process is performed again in step 5.
Return to Pc14. That is, the value of register i is set to "1" and the above process is repeated. Thereafter, the above process is performed with the value of register i set to 2 in the same way, and when the process reaches step 5Pc20 again, this judgment becomes rN OJ, and step 5Pc1
Exit the loop consisting of Pc20 from Steps 4 to 5.

By processing this loop, register 0KEYi-KEY
If it becomes j, the contents of register KEY i and the contents of register KEY j are exchanged.

As a result, if the next key code in register KEYi (f-0 to yi) that is to be sounded is the same as the key code of the sounding channel chi that is currently being sounded, the register KEYi with the same number as that sounding channel will be assigned. Can be replaced. However, if the same key code has been written in the register KEY f with the same number as the sound generation channel chi from the beginning, there is no need to replace it, so this process is not performed.

For example, as shown in FIG. 17, the current G, note, and B.

A chord (chord G) is played by the tone IDG, and the registers OK E Y o , OK E Y t ,
OK E Y *Key code r67J, r71 respectively
Suppose that J and r74J are written. The next note to be pronounced is E, note, G, note, D, note (chord c,...
h) registers K E Y o , K E Y 1.
KEY! Key codes r64J and r67 respectively
Suppose that J and r74J are written. In this case, KEY, -0KEY2, KEY r -OK
E Y o, and there is no match for KEYo. Therefore, register KEY! remains the same, but the contents of registers KEYI and KEY are swapped. The correspondence relationship is shown below.

Table 1 Next, when register i is cleared in step 5Pc21, register 0KE is cleared in step 5Pc22.
It is determined whether the contents of Yf and the register KEYf having the same number are the same.

If this determination result is rNOJ, step 5Pc23
It is determined whether the flag MODE is "l" or not, and rN
If it is OJ, since there is no sound currently being produced, the key code of the register KEYi is supplied to the sound generation channel chi to perform key-on control (step 5Pc24).

If the determination in step 5Pc23 is rYEsJ, this means that there is a sound currently being produced, so the key code of the sound generation channel chi and the key code of the register KEYi are exchanged to perform the sound generation process (step 5Pc25).

After these processes, the register i is incremented in step 5Pc26, and the process moves to step 5Pc22 via step 5Pc27 to repeat the above operations.

On the other hand, if the determination at step 5Pc22 is rYESJ, no new sound generation processing (step 5Pc24°25) is performed, the process returns to step 5Pc22 via steps 5Pc26 and 5Pc27, and the above processing is repeated. If a new sound generation process is not performed in this way, the sound generation channel chi continues to emit the previous sound.

Then, when the processes in steps 5Pc22 to 5Pc26 are performed three times, the determination in step 5Pc27 becomes rNOJ and the process returns.

Here, when the above processing is performed in the example shown in Table 1, when i-0 and i=2, 0KEY i =K
Since EY i, new sound generation processing is not performed for sound generation channels ChO and ch2, and the previous sound, or the sound, G, and sound are continuously emitted. Further, regarding the sound generation channel chi, the sound E is newly generated in step 5Pe24. As a result, as shown in FIG. 17, the D note and the G note are pronounced as musical notes connected by tie symbols.

The above is the key-on process.

D: Comprehensive operation example FIG. 18 is an example of pattern data. FIG. 19 shows a performance example when table #0 is selected in the pattern data and the chord type is C major. As shown in this figure, at the beginning timing of the first beat (CLK = ro''), the pronunciation mode instruction data PD is (S)O, so the key-on mode is delayed key-on as shown in Figure 5. , pitch mode number TBL
NO is "0". Therefore, the performance is a delay key-on of E, note, G3 note + C4 note, as shown in FIG. Then, at the timing when the register CLK changes from "1" to "10", the sound generation mode instruction data PD is (F
) Do nothing because it is H. Register CLK is "11"
At the timing, the pronunciation mode instruction data PD
becomes (0) 0, so each of the above sounds is muted. As a result, as shown in Figure 19, the E3 note and Gj note 1c4 note are changed to 4
Pronounced with a diacritic length. Then, at the timing when the register CLK becomes "12J", since the sound generation mode instruction data PD is (1)8, the pitch mode number TBLNO "0" is selected by turning on the normal key. therefore,
At this timing, the E sound+Gi sound+C4 sound is emitted. Since the sound generation mode instruction data at the timing when the register CLK becomes "17" is (0)H, each of the above-mentioned sounds is muted at this point. As a result, each of the above tones is pronounced with a length of an eighth note. Next, since the sound generation mode instruction data PD at the timing when the register CLK becomes "18" is (A)□, the pitch mode number TBLNO becomes rlJ when the delay key is turned on. As a result, c*
This is the pronunciation of the tk chord (see Figure 4), E, sound, G
, sound, and D4 sound are pronounced.

Then, since the sound generation mode instruction data PD at the timing when the register CLK becomes "24" is (5)H,
As shown in FIG. 5, the key-on mode is tied key-on and the pitch mode number TBLNO is "0". As a result, the pronunciation is the E sound, the GS sound 1c4 sounds, and the Es sound, the G sound, and the sound are connected by a tie symbol. Also, since the pronunciation mode instruction data of the final timing of the second beat (CLK-r23J') is not (O) U, the 0 of the third beat is
The four tones are pronounced without muting (pronunciation by switching key codes), and the sounds are pronounced by connecting them using slur symbols. Next, at the timing when the register CLK becomes "29", muting is instructed, and from then on, the sound generation mode instruction data PD is (F))l until the beginning timing of the fourth beat. As a result, an eighth rest is expressed as shown in FIG. Then, at the beginning timing of the fourth beat and at the 1/2 timing of the fourth beat, the pronunciation mode instruction data PD is (3)H.

(1) Since it is 8, it is a b E s sound and a G G3 sound.

C1 note (-B, note) and E, note G, note 1c4 note are each pronounced with a length of an eighth note.

(3: Variation of Example) The above embodiment can be modified as follows.

(2) Although the above-mentioned embodiments have mainly been described with respect to performance using an accompaniment keyboard, a melody keyboard may be added and a melody performance may be performed together with the accompaniment keyboard.

■Although a single chord performance is shown as the automatic accompaniment form, it is also possible to combine it with other parts such as bass notes or automatic arpeggio performances. Further, in the above embodiment, the root note itself was not pronounced, but the root note may also be pronounced.

(2) At the time of delay key-on, the delay time is calculated using the dedicated timer 8, but the delay time may also be measured using the tempo clock TP.

■The tempo resolution and time signature are "48" in the example.
and 4/4 time signature, but it is not limited to this, and it is also possible to set any other resolution and time signature.
It is also possible to configure them in combination.

(2) In the embodiment, a plurality of tables are provided, but there may be only one table. In this case, the table selection data TBSEL is unnecessary.

(2) In the embodiment, the pitch change was performed by selecting the pitch mode number TBLNO in the table based on the pronunciation mode instruction data PD, but it may also be done by calculation without using the table.

For example, for a change that lowers the pitch by a semitone (pitch mode number 2 in FIG. 5), processing such as mechanically subtracting 1 from the value of the key code may be performed.

"Effects of the Invention" As explained above, according to the present invention, when the pattern data instructs generation of a tie expression, when a chord is changed, a newly generated chord is When it is detected that there is a note with the same pitch as the constituent notes, the generation of this note is maintained as is, so it is possible to automatically add a tie expression to any note in automatic accompaniment, It is possible to produce performance effects that are not found in other instruments.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a diagram showing the relationship between key codes and keys used in the embodiment, and Fig. 3 is the format of rhythm pattern data in the embodiment. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the contents of a table for determining the pitch of automatic accompaniment chords, FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the function of pronunciation mode instruction data, and FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the main routine of the same embodiment. Flow chart, Figure 7, Figure 8, Figure 11, Figure 12, Figure 13, Figure 1
4 is a flowchart showing the subroutine of the same embodiment, FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the pronunciation process when a key event occurs during automatic accompaniment, and FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of pronunciation mode instruction data. 15th
The figure is a timing diagram for explaining the delay key-on processing, Figure 16 is a timing diagram showing the prohibited processing in the delay key-on processing, Figure 17 is the musical score for explaining the delay key-on processing, and Figure 18 is an example of overall operation. FIG. 19 is a musical score showing an example of a performance when the pronunciation mode instruction data shown in FIG. 18 is used. 1...Keyboard circuit, 2...CPU, 3.
...Program memory, 4...Working memory, 5...Rhythm pattern memory, 6...Table memory, 7...Tempo Clock generator, 8...Timer, 12...
...Tone generator.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] a. A chord specifying means for specifying a chord to be played; b. A storage means for storing pattern data for controlling the generation of a chord and the generation of a tie representation of a chord at each performance timing based on a clock signal. , c. musical sound generation means for generating constituent tones of a chord based on pattern data sequentially read out from the storage means based on a clock signal and the chord designated by the chord designation means; d. the reading. When the generated pattern data instructs generation of a tie representation of a chord, among the constituent tones of the chord currently being generated by the musical tone generating means, the same tone as the constituent tones of the chord to be newly generated by the musical tone generating means. An automatic accompaniment device characterized by comprising a sound generation control means for detecting a high note and continuing to generate the detected note.