JPS58131020A - Extruding machine - Google Patents

Abstract

An extrusion machine for making elongated articles of concrete by forcing the concrete through a mold, the article having a relatively large core, has a rotatable spiral conveyor (20, 22) which extends longitudinally of the mold (26) and moves the concrete through the mold. Non-rotatable forming elements (28, 30, 32) in the mold (26) form the internal cavity, which elements are positioned immediately downstream of the conveyor with their lower edge not more than 10% of the forming element below the lower edge of the conveyor. The lower edge and lower side of the forming elements (28, 30, 32) are free of any substantial ramp, and a ramp (34) on the first forming element (28) extends upwardly from the downstream end of the conveyor (20, 22). The conveyor forces the concrete over the forming elements to form the concrete article, and the machine is moved forwardly by reaction as the concrete is forced against the molded concrete.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to a sump extruder for producing elongated concrete articles.

U.S. Pat. No. 3,159,897, issued to Ellis for the extrusion of concrete that generally uses a scree conveyor to force the concrete through a mold, uses a number of helical conveyors or helical conveyors each having nine blades fixed on six axes. Discloses a machine that has been designed to do this. Each awl has a 4:2 trowel bodyguard at its downstream end that rotates with the awl. A vibrator is placed on the machine outside the forming area and causes the machine to vibrate within λ. In the Ellis machine, the trowel unit is fixed to the plow and rotates with the plow, and the machine forms the concrete slab. In this concrete plate, the mandrel must bear a circular cross section.

Canadian License 910, granted September 19, 1972.
No. 030 discloses an extruder, and in this extrusion 11, the cross-sectional shape of the forming member may be of any shape. In the extruder of Canadian Patent No. 910,030, this forming member is independent of the screw conveyor and subsequent to the downstream end of the screw conveyor. This forming member is arranged so that it cannot be rotated by the conveyor.

This forming member may not be rotated, or it may be rotated at a different speed than the conveyor, or even at a speed equal to the conveyor. However, in the extruder of this patent, the spiral conveyor and the forming member are driven independently of each other.

Canadian Patent 1.03 granted May 30, 1978
No. 1,934 discloses a machine for extruding elongated articles made of concrete in which a fixed cross plate is located across the upstream end of the mold and in which a conventional scree conveyor is used. Press the concrete against the mold. The invention is used to produce concrete bodies with cores of different sizes. In this invention, the molding department is frequently rotated.

Canadian Patent 1.100 granted May 5, 1981
, 297 discloses a generally similar type of extruder, but this extruder is equipped with a support chain to introduce reinforcing members into the formed article. However, this patent has a formed section by a forming member,
The concrete is pressed into a mold by a screw conveyor.

The various machines mentioned above are generally driven by wheels.

move along the road and move the formed concrete body,
Extrude onto the top surface. Concrete is a relatively stiff mixture, and modern technology allows concrete to harden rapidly, thereby making the above possible.

While the various machines described above have been found to be useful, there is a particular need at present to find a way to form concrete bodies of sufficient strength with a minimum amount of concrete. In this regard, all of the conventional machines mentioned above can be said to be non-luminous. This is because, with the configuration of the machine described above, it is not possible to produce concrete formations in which the core is provided in a predetermined proportion to the cross-sectional area. In addition, in order to manufacture a concrete body with sufficient strength, a core with a relatively large cross section is absolutely necessary, and it is not possible to manufacture such a concrete body with the above-mentioned method. Although it is desirable to produce concrete IJ-concrete bodies that are deeply placed and have sufficient material in their outer walls to meet the structural requirements, there are various problems involved in producing such concrete bodies. be.

This invention was made in view of the above points, and its purpose is to be able to manufacture a hollow concrete body having an optimal cross section;
That is, the object of the present invention is to provide an extruder that can produce a concrete body having the necessary strength using a minimum amount of concrete.

The invention is an extruder for forming elongated articles made of concrete by pressing the concrete through a mold, which articles have relatively large cavities and are ideal for obtaining the necessary strength. A large amount of concrete is used. The extruder is moved forward by the reaction when the concrete is pressed against the already formed concrete. A rotatable helical conveyor is provided which extends in the longitudinal direction of the mold to move the concrete all the way through the mold. A non-rotatable forming member forming an internal cavity is also provided within the mold and adjacent to the downstream end of the conveyor. The forming member has a lower edge positioned such that about 101 or less of the height of the forming member is located below the lower edge of the conveyor, and the lower edge and the underside are not substantially sloped. . The forming member also has a longitudinal centerline located higher than the centerline of the conveyor, and an inclined surface extending upward from the downstream end of the conveyor. The conveyor forces the concrete past the forming member to form a concrete article.

It is particularly preferred that a vibrator is provided in the forming part. It is also effective to provide a diaphragm on the upper surface of the mold above the forming member.

The forming member should have no substantial slopes on its bottom upstream and upper edges. However, short sloped surfaces are acceptable.

The length of this ramp should not exceed about 25% of the length of the forming member.

As with the conventional machines mentioned above, it is desirable to have a large number of forming members. The first forming part is designed as a vibrator; the other forming parts do not move. A vibration absorbing means is provided between each forming member.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an extruder 10 from which a block 12 is extruded onto a base toe rack 14. FIG. Honol? -1g is provided, and concrete is supplied to the extruder 10 through this arm. In addition, a motor 18 for rotating the screen conveyor 20.22 is provided, and the conveyor x Ot z z
This is shown in detail in FIGS. 2 and 3. The extruder 10 has an east wheel 24 and is movable along the upper surface of the roller 14.

FIG. 2 shows the extruder in more detail.

Rotatable helical conveyors 20 and 22 are respectively mold 2.
6 in the longitudinal direction. Concrete is cool
The extruder 10 moves forward as the conveyor 20.22 presses the concrete against the already formed article. An internal cavity is formed within the extruded article. In embodiments, this internal cavity has a depth that is greater than its width, and this depth is defined by the location where the internal cavity is formed. However, this is not an essential requirement. And this extruder actually produces articles with relatively large cores compared to conventional extruders. The core can be enlarged by extending upwardly or laterally to an extent not possible with conventional machines. According to the invention, as can be clearly seen in particular from FIG. 2, the forming members 2g each have a lower edge that substantially coincides with the lower edge of the conveyor
This is achieved by providing 30.32. However, even if the lower edge of the forming member is repositioned below the lower edge of the conveyor, particularly if less than about 10 inches of the overall height of the forming member is located below the lower edge of the conveyor. A similar effect can be achieved even if

The longitudinal centerline A of the forming member is located at a higher position than the centerline B of the conveyor, as can be clearly seen in FIG. AJ, As shown in Figure 4, in the mold 26,
An inclined surface 34 extends upwardly from the downstream end of the conveyor 20° 220, near the end of the tumble conveyor.

The extruder includes a main frame 36 having side members 38 and a cross member 4o. A mounting frame 42 is mounted on the side member 38 and extends across the extruder. The position of this installation frame 42 can be adjusted in the vertical direction by means of a bolt 44. main frame 36
Although the extruder has wheels 24 that ride on rails 14, it is also necessary to prevent the downstream end of the extruder from rising during operation.

Wheels 24, as shown in FIG. 2, engage the lower surface of side member 38 to prevent lifting of the extruder. The weight added to the downstream end of the extruder is used instead. 2
1 garden spiral conveyor 20.22 is shown,
The number of conveyors can be increased or decreased as required. Each conveyor is mounted on a suitable bearing 4 mounted on an installation frame 42.
8. One end of it is supported. Each conveyor is formed from a vane 50 fixed to or integrally formed with a hollow shaft 52. As best seen in FIG. 4, the hollow shaft 52 has a straight portion and a portion that flares outward toward the downstream end. However, this hollow shaft is formed with a uniform cross section.

The conveyor 2o is installed on a frame 42 and has a motor 1.
8 is rotated in a bearing 48 by a chain link mechanism 54 driven by a chain link mechanism 54. Although the second conveyor 22 may have a separate motor, it is preferably driven by the same motor 18 via a gear 56 and a chain-striped rocket arrangement 58. The two conveyors 20, 22 are then rotated in opposite directions.

Each forming member 2B, 30.32 is attached to a shaft 60 extending through the hollow shaft 52. A first forming member 28 having an inclined surface 34 is attached to one end of the inner shaft 6θ. The remaining forming member 30.32 is formed by the melt 62 in the first place.
Each gel 62 carries a damper 64, which is serially attached to the forming member 28 of the damper 62. This is because the first forming part 28 is equipped with a vibrator 66 , which is driven by a motor 68 via an inner shaft 70 . This vibrator is a simple eccentric and is well known, so its explanation will be omitted. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 2, another vibrator 22 may be provided on the top surface of the extruder. The structure of this vibrator 72 is also the same as the conventional one, so its explanation will be omitted.

The width of the concrete body 12 produced is controlled by side plates 74 attached to opposite sides of the mold 26, respectively. The side plates 74 are each adjustable and attached to the frame member 38 by bolts 76.

Similarly, the depth of the mold 26 is controlled by a top plate 78, which is located at the top of the molding area and adjusted by a bolt 80 in a conventional manner.

As mentioned above, the position of the forming member within the mold is controlled by the girth 44.

The operation of the extruder 10 will be explained below.

Concrete is passed through hopper 16 into spiral shape w7pe1
20.22. The concrete is then pressed into the turns of the forming members 21j, 30.32 within the conveyor mold 26. The extruder pumps the still fluid concrete IJ- towards the surface of the already formed concrete body.
is moved forward by the reaction of The extruder also moves on wheels 24, leaving behind a concrete body 12 formed as shown in FIG.

Because concrete is used, the product hardens quickly.
It can support itself immediately after molding. A vibrator 66 in the first forming member 28 allows the concrete to flow smoothly around the right forming member.

A particular advantage of this invention is that the articles formed have relatively large cores, eg, cores with depths proportional to the depth of the article can be formed. This means that the center line B of the conveyor is located below the center line A of the forming member, that the upper end of the first forming member 28 is provided with an inclined surface 34, and that the forming member This is possible because there is no substantial slope on the lower surface side. Further, as shown in FIG. 4, it is preferable not to provide an inclined surface on the corner or side surface of the forming member located below the longitudinal axis of the conveyor. However, sloped surfaces of greater length and/or width, not exceeding about 25 - of the length of the forming member, are acceptable.

Thus, the present invention produces a lightweight concrete body that is manufactured using fewer confetti trucks, yet has approximately the same strength as a conventional machine-produced concrete body. be able to.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a front view schematically showing an extrusion rock according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the extruder, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 3-3 in FIG. 2. The top view and FIG. 4 are enlarged sectional views showing the main parts of the extruder shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. 10... Extruder, 12... Concrete body, 20
．． 22... Spiral conveyor, 26... type, z8,
30, 32... Forming member, 34... Inclined surface.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Pressing concrete through a mold A rotatable helical conveyor that extends along the longitudinal direction of the mold and moves the concrete through the mold is provided in the mold. In an extruder in which the concrete is moved to the previous item when the concrete is pressed by the mold; The forming member is (a) arranged such that its lower edge is located below the lower edge of the conveyor so that a portion of approximately 10% or less of the height of the forming member is located below the lower edge of the conveyor, and the lower edge and lower side of the forming member are sloped parts. (b) a longitudinal axis located above the centerline of the conveyor; and (c) an inclined surface extending upwardly from the downstream end of the conveyor; An extruder characterized in that the extruder presses concrete beyond the 200° C. to form a concrete article. 2. The extruder according to claim (if), further comprising a vibrator disposed within the forming member. 3. The extruder according to claim 2, further comprising a diaphragm arranged at the upper mouth of the mold above the forming member. 4. The extruder according to claim 1, wherein the forming member does not have a slope 11 on its upstream bottom edge. 5. The extruder according to claim 4, wherein all of the inclined surfaces present on the bottom edge of the downstream side of the forming member are short and do not exceed approximately 25 inches of the length of the forming member. , a plurality of forming members are arranged, the first type IJy is characterized in that the member has the above-mentioned vibrator, the remaining forming members are not vibrated, and a vibration absorbing means is provided between each forming member. An extruder according to claim 2. 7. The extruder according to claim 1, wherein the forming member is removable. 8. The vibration absorbing means is provided adjacent to each forming member between the forming members. 7. An extruder according to claim 6, characterized in that the extruder has a disc made of rubber. 9. %f! characterized in that it is possible to form a wide and relatively flat concrete article by using a plurality of screw conveyors and a plurality of forming members. The extruder according to item 1, f8* desired range.