JPH1161125A - Grouting material - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a grouting material that has improved permeability as well as excellent constancy without strength deterioration caused by water curing. SOLUTION: This is a suspension type grouting material comprising liquid A containing a hydraulic powdery material of ultrafine particle sizes as the main component and liquid B containing silica sol as the main component. The powdery material includes a cement fine powder, a blast furnace slag fine powder and a gypsum fine powder, where their particle size distributions are adjusted as follows: (1) the mixture of the cement fine powder and the gypsum fine powder has the maximum particle size of <=10.5 μm and <=50 vol.% passing through 2.2 μm mesh; (2) the blast furnace fine powder has the maximum particle size of <=10.5 μm and <=50 vol.% passing through 2.2 μm mesh and (3) the mixed powdery material of individual components has the maximum particle size of <=10.5 μm and <=45 vol.% passing through 2.2 μm mesh.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a suspension type ground injection material containing silica sol or colloidal silica whose main components are silica and ultrafine powder as main components.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Ground injection materials can be broadly classified into non-chemical type and chemical type (water glass type and polymer type). Among these ground injection materials, polymer chemicals are tentative guidelines of the Ministry of Construction.
Is prohibited in principle.

As a non-chemical liquid soil injection material, a slurry of powder of cement, clay or the like is injected into the ground. Among these soil injection materials, a clay-based soil injection material is mainly used for stopping. Although it can be used for impermeable grout or the like for the purpose of water, it is not generally used alone because it cannot be expected to exhibit strength. On the other hand, the cement-based ground injection material is a ground injection material mainly composed of cement, and has a higher strength after hardening than other ground injection materials, and is excellent in stability with almost no deterioration. However, since it is a suspension type injection material, it is difficult to infiltrate into the sandy soil layer between particles. Therefore, it is generally considered that application is difficult in a case where the infiltration between soil particles is expected.
For this reason, cement-based ground injection material is used for crack injection of rock mass,
It has been used for primary injection in composite injection when high consolidation strength is required in areas where the soil injection material is likely to be filled due to large voids in the gravel layer, or for ordinary ground. However, cement-based ground injection material usually has a long hardening time, so if the soil injection material is liable to escape, such as when there is groundwater flow in a debris layer, measures to prevent runoff are necessary. Some of them can adjust the curing time, but there is still room for improvement in other performance (penetration, workability, etc.).

[0004] Among the chemical liquid type ground injection materials, the water glass type ground injection material has been required and many improvements have been made since the polymer type ground injection material could not be used according to the provisional guidelines. An excellent ground injection with the same performance as the ground injection material has been developed. Water-glass-based ground injection materials can be broadly classified into those that use suspension materials as reaction materials (suspension-type ground injection materials) and those that use solution-type materials (solution-type ground injection materials). And the pH of the soil injection material
It is classified into an alkaline soil injection material and a non-alkali soil injection material. Water glass-based ground injection materials have been diversified, but in recent years, the effects of alkali components (e.g., sodium) from the main material, water glass, on the environment and the deterioration of the solidification strength due to the dissolution have caused concerns about durability. Is a problem.

As a solution to the elution component, a ground injection material using silica sol or colloidal silica (hereinafter referred to as silica sol) obtained by removing an alkali portion of water glass has been developed. However, even the ground injection material using this silica sol cannot obtain satisfactory performance in terms of compaction strength and permanence in the solution type emphasizing permeability, and conversely, in the suspension type emphasizing consolidation strength and permanence. At present, there is room for improvement in permeability, and there are many warming types in which the gel time is extremely short because cement or the like is used as a suspension. Among them, a suspension type ground injection material that solves the problems of permanence and gel time has been developed.However, because it is a suspension type, it has problems in permeability and especially in loosely-bonded grout materials with long gel time. On the other hand, there is still room for improvement with respect to the effect of the kneading time until mixing of the suspension and the silica sol liquid on the properties (mainly shortening of gel time, decrease of permeability due to gelation, etc.).

[0006]

As described above, the problems to be solved by the prior art include the following items: Influence on environment due to elution components such as alkali components; due to elution of elution components Anxiety about permanence due to the decrease in consolidation strength; improvement of suspension-type permeability; adjustment of gel time; and reduction of the effect of mixing time on the properties. An object of the present invention is to solve these problems.

[0007]

Means for Solving the Problems As a result of intensive studies, the present inventors were able to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems. That is, the present invention is a suspension type ground injection material comprising a liquid A composed of a slurry mainly composed of ultrafine powder material having hydraulic properties and a liquid B mainly composed of silica sol, Ground, wherein the material includes cement clinker and / or cement (excluding mixed cement) fine powder, blast furnace slag fine powder, and gypsum fine powder, and the particle size distribution of the powder material is adjusted as follows. It is intended to provide an injection material. A mixture of the cement clinker and / or cement fine powder and the gypsum fine powder has a maximum particle size of 10.5 μm.
m and not more than 50% by volume of 2.2 μm passage; and said blast furnace slag fine powder has a maximum particle size of not more than 10.5 μm and not more than 50% by volume of 2.2 μm passage; and a powder obtained by mixing the above components. The material has a maximum particle size of 10.
5 μm or less and 2.2 μm passage 45% by volume or less.

Further, the present invention relates to a method for producing a powdered material comprising 1 to 50 parts by weight of cement clinker and / or cement fine powder (excluding gypsum), 50 to 100 parts by weight of blast furnace slag fine powder, and gypsum (gypsum in cement). ) Is 0.5 to 3.0 parts by weight in terms of SO _{3 in} terms of SO ₃ .

Further, the present invention provides the above-mentioned ground injection material, wherein the powder material: silica sol is 1: 9 to 9: 1 in terms of weight.

Further, the present invention is characterized in that at least one of the solution A and the solution B is mixed with a gel time adjusting agent for adjusting a gel time after mixing the solution A and the solution B, Further, the present invention provides the ground injection material characterized in that a hydration inhibitor that suppresses hydration of the powder material is blended with the liquid A.

[0011]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

(Solution B) The Solution B used in the present invention is used by diluting a silica sol or used as it is. In order to solve the problem relating to elution components such as alkali components, instead of water glass, the particle size is, for example, 1 to 100 μm.
(0.1 μ), which is a colloid of ultrafine particles stably dispersed in a solvent without sedimentation, and is solved by using a silica sol in which the main component of the solute is silica.
The silica sol to be used is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of the stability of silica particles and various performances (penetration etc.) as a ground injection material, the main characteristics of the silica sol include stabilizing ions such as sodium, ammonium, and chlorine. It has stability by imparting a different acid with a different charge such as aluminum ion to the surface to form a solid acid and dissociating the silanol groups on the surface over a wide pH range. Good. Further, the SiO ₂ concentration is 10 to 60% by weight, the average particle diameter is 3 to 50 mμ, and the viscosity is 50 cps (25
C) The following are preferred.

(A Liquid) The A liquid used in the present invention is characterized by using a specific powder material. Hereinafter, each component of the powder material will be described. (Cement clinker and / or cement fine powder) The cement clinker and / or cement fine powder (hereinafter referred to as cement fine powder) used in the present invention is not particularly limited. Ultra-high strength, moderate heat, sulfate resistance and the like can be mentioned, and among them, ordinary or early strength is preferable as it satisfies both permeability and strength development. In the present invention, the fine cement powder derived from the mixed cement is excluded because the particle size of each component cannot be controlled.

[0013] The maximum particle size of the cement fine powder is 1
0.5 μm or less, and the passage of 2.2 μm is 50% by volume or less, preferably 40% by volume, based on the whole cement fine powder.
The capacity% or less is good. When the maximum particle size exceeds 10.5 μm,
It is not preferable because the coarse particles cause clogging of the soil particle gap to lower the permeability, and the passage of 2.2 μm is 50%.
Exceeding the% by volume is not preferred because the hydration and agglomeration of the fine powder lower the permeability.

(Blast Furnace Slag Fine Powder) The blast furnace slag used in the present invention is preferably a rapidly cooled blast furnace water slag.

The maximum particle size of the blast furnace slag fine powder is 1
0.5 μm or less is good, and 2.2 μm passing amount is 50% by volume or less, preferably 4% by volume based on the whole blast furnace slag fine powder.
0 volume% or less is good. If the maximum particle size exceeds 10.5 μm, the permeability decreases due to the clogging of the soil particle gap due to coarse particles, and it is not preferable. If the 2.2 μm passage exceeds 50% by volume, fine powder It is not preferable because the permeability is reduced due to aggregation of the polymer.

(Gypsum Fine Powder) The gypsum fine powder used in the present invention is not particularly limited, but gypsum dihydrate and anhydrous gypsum are preferred.

The maximum particle size of the gypsum fine powder is 10.5 μm.
m or less.

When the raw material cement clinker and / or cement and gypsum are mixed and pulverized, the particle size distribution of the obtained mixture may be considered. That is, the mixture only needs to satisfy a maximum particle size of 10.5 μm or less and a volume of 50% by volume or less for 2.2 μm passage.

(Blending ratio) The powder materials used for the liquid A were 0 to 50 parts by weight of cement fine powder (excluding gypsum), 50 to 100 parts by weight of blast furnace slag fine powder and gypsum fine powder.
It contains 0.5 to 3.0 parts by weight in terms of O ₃ .
Note that the gypsum fine powder takes into account gypsum in cement.

The powdered material may contain a pozzolanic substance such as fly ash or a calcium compound such as calcium carbonate or slaked lime, if necessary, with a maximum particle size of 10.5 μm or less.
A maximum of 10 parts of the blast-furnace slag is divided into 50% by volume or less based on 2.2 μm of the total components.
It can be used by substituting about parts by weight.

Further, in the powder material, the amount of particles having a particle size of 1 μm or less is preferably 15% by volume or less from the viewpoint of permeability.

(Production of powder material) In the production of powder material, it is necessary to separately pulverize and classify at least blast furnace slag and other components. In this way, it is possible to prevent the cement fine powder from being biased to the ultra fine powder due to the difference in grindability, and to prevent the cement fine powder from being amorphous due to over-pulverization.

Specifically, for example, at least blast furnace slag can be pulverized and classified separately from other components, and then the blast furnace slag fine powder obtained can be mixed with the classified other components.

Further, the cement component and the gypsum are mixed and crushed and classified, and separately from this, the blast furnace slag is crushed and classified,
The components obtained after this may be mixed.

Further, the cement component, the blast furnace slag, and the gypsum may be individually ground and classified, and thereafter, the components may be assembled and mixed.

When the cement component, blast furnace slag and gypsum have the same particle size distribution in terms of quality,
It is also possible to use a commercially available one.

(Gel Time Adjusting Agent) In the ground injection material of the present invention, for the purpose of adjusting the gel time, A
It is preferable to mix a gel time regulator with at least one of the liquid B and the liquid B. As this gel time adjuster,
Bicarbonates and carbonates of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals,
At least one of phosphate, oxalic acid, ammonium salt, etc.
Or more, and more specifically, sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHCO ₃ ), sodium carbonate (Na ₂ CO ₃ ), and the like. It is also effective to blow carbon dioxide gas. More preferably, those having high solubility in water are suitable.

The gel time adjusting agent may be added to the solution B, but it is effective to add it to the solution A. More preferably, the gel time adjusting agent is previously dissolved in water for preparing a slurry of the solution A, that is, dissolved in adjustment water. It is preferable to keep it. In addition, when adding to the liquid B, it is preferable to add it by dissolving in water rather than adding directly to a silica sol.

When the gel time adjusting agent is dissolved in the conditioned water of the solution A in advance, it is more effective and preferable to increase the concentration of the powder material in the solution A.

The addition amount of the gel time adjusting agent is not particularly limited as long as the performance as a ground injection material is not impaired, but is preferably 1 to 30 with respect to the total solid content of the silica sol and the powder material. % By weight is preferred.

(Hydration inhibitor) In the present invention, the effect of the kneading time of solution A until mixing of solution A and solution B on its properties (mainly shortening of gel time, decrease of permeability due to gelation, etc.) In order to alleviate the above (2), it is preferable to mix a hydration inhibitor with the solution A. The hydration inhibitor preferably contains at least one or more of fluoride, phosphate, and borate in an inorganic system, and oxycarboxylic acids, dicarboxylic acids, ketocarboxylic acids, sugar alcohols and sugars in an organic system. More specifically, examples include disodium phosphate, citric acid, sodium citrate, gluconic acid, sodium gluconate, tartaric acid, sodium tartrate, sucrose, humic acid, and the like.

It is effective to add the hydration inhibitor to the solution A, and it is more preferable to dissolve the hydration inhibitor in the conditioned water of the solution A in advance.

The mixing ratio of the hydration inhibitor is not particularly limited as long as it does not impair the performance as a ground injection material (in particular, the development of compaction strength), but is preferably based on the powder material. , 0.05 to 10% by weight is preferred.

The use of the gel time adjusting agent and the hydration inhibitor in the soil injection material of the present invention is selected depending on the situation required, and may be used alone or in combination. The method of use is not particularly limited.

As the gel time adjusting agent and the hydration inhibitor, commercially available reagents and the like can be used, but from the viewpoint of reducing material costs, industrial products or products calculated naturally can be used.

(Preparation of Ground Injection Material of the Present Invention) The ground injection material of the present invention can be prepared by mixing solution A and solution B. The mixing ratio of these is not particularly limited, but the powder material: silica sol is 1: 9 to
It is suitable to mix both such that the ratio is 9: 1, preferably 3: 7 to 8: 2. Further, the weight ratio of water / solid content is set to 20 as a whole for the ground injection material to which the adjusted water of each liquid is added.
0% to 1500% is preferred.

[0037]

The present invention will be described below with reference to examples.
These embodiments are merely examples of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

Various silica sols as shown in Table 1 below were used for the solution B. Table 1 shows properties of various silica sols. The silica sol used was manufactured by Catalyst Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd. under the trade name Allofix (AL)-
SS, SI-30, SI-40, SI-50, SI-3
50. No. 3 water glass was also used for comparative examples. As a powder material (powder A) used for the liquid A,
Those having properties as shown in Table 2 were used. In addition,
The method for producing powder A is as follows:
00 parts by weight and 3 parts by weight in terms of gypsum fine powder SO ₃ were mixed and pulverized (100 volume% for 10.5 μm passage;
25 parts by weight of 20.5 μm passage 40.5 volume%) and blast furnace slag fine powder (10.5 μm passage 100 volume%, 2.2)
38.4% by volume (μm passage) of 75 parts by weight. For particle size measurement, use a laser type particle size distribution analyzer (HEL
OS). The types of silica sols used in the following examples are indicated by symbols a to e (f in water glass) shown in Table 1.

[0039]

[Table 1]

[0040]

[Table 2]

(Examples 1 to 17 and Comparative Examples 1, 2 to 9)
Various ground injection materials (grout) were prepared at the mixing ratios shown in Tables 3 and 4. The gel time of the obtained grout was measured. The gel time was measured by preparing a slurry of powder A (solution A), kneading the mixture for 5 minutes, mixing a silica sol solution (solution B) therewith, and measuring the gel time of the resulting grout by a cup inverted method. did. The results are shown in Table 3 (Examples 1 to 17, Comparative Example 1) and Table 4 (Comparative Examples 2 to 9). In addition, some of the formulations (Examples 1 to 5, Examples 13 to 14, Examples 16 to 1)
7, Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 5 and Comparative Example 9
o. ), A homogel sample was prepared under the curing conditions shown in Table 5, and a uniaxial compressive strength test was performed. Table 6 shows the obtained results. In this example and the comparative example, the gel time adjusting agent was sodium hydrogen carbonate (Na).
HCO ₃ ) was used.

The unconfined compressive strength of the mixed grout is φ
Pour into 35mm acrylic mold, temperature 20
Cured to a prescribed age in a constant temperature room at 80 ° C and a humidity of 80% or more, and after curing, molded to a height of 70 mm,
Japanese Geotechnical Society Standard “Uniaxial compression test method for soil”: JGS
Performed in accordance with T511-1990.

[0043]

[Table 3]

[0044]

[Table 4]

[0045]

[Table 5]

[0046]

[Table 6]

From the measurement results of the gel time in Tables 3 and 4, it can be seen that the ground injection material of the present invention is a loose-binding material having a longer gel time than the conventional one. Also,
In Tables 3 and 4, there are loosening types having a long gel time among those other than the ground injection material of the present invention (Comparative Examples 1, 5 and 9). However, as is clear from the results of the uniaxial compressive strength of Table 6, the materials using the water glass of Comparative Examples 1 and 9 were not used in water due to the effect of the components eluted from the water glass as pointed out conventionally. In this test, the test specimen collapsed. Therefore, it is considered that the elution components affect the environment and that the strength deteriorates, and there is concern about improvement work. In addition, in all of the materials of the comparative examples, since the strength of the ground injection material itself was low, the specimen had collapsed from the early stage of the material age. Compared to these, the ground injection material of the present invention exhibits excellent strength in any case, and is found to be an excellent material having no problem in strength stability in water.

(Study on kneading time) The soil injection material of the present invention was examined in terms of gel time and strength, and good results were obtained. Here, as a study in terms of construction, experiments were conducted using various reagents in order to alleviate the effect of the mixing time of mixing the solution A and the solution B on the gel time. That is, the various hydration inhibitors shown in Table 7 were added in the amounts (% by weight) shown in Table 8 to the adjusted water of the slurry of Liquid A in the formulation of Liquid A in Example 5,
Solution A was prepared, and after the kneading time (5 minutes, 10 minutes, and 30 minutes) shown in Table 8 had elapsed, the gel time after mixing of Solution A and Solution B was measured. The results are also shown in Table 8.

[0049]

[Table 7]

[0050]

[Table 8]

From the results in Table 8, it can be seen that, when the hydration inhibitor was not used, the gel time tended to decrease as the kneading time of the solution A until mixing with the silica sol solution (solution B) became longer. Although the instantaneous setting occurred in 30 minutes, it was found that the use of a hydration inhibitor such as oxycarboxylic acids and dicarboxylic acids can reduce the influence of the kneading time on the gel time.

[0052]

As described above, the soil injection material of the present invention has improved permeation, and also has a permanent property without a decrease in strength due to underwater curing. It can be a slow-binding type having a long gel time, and the use of a hydration inhibitor can eliminate the shortening of the gel time due to kneading.

Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code FI C09K 17/10 C09K 17/10 P 17/46 17/46 17/48 17/48 // (C04B 28/08 22:14 22:06) C09K 103: 00

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A suspension type ground injection material comprising a liquid A mainly composed of a powdery material of ultrafine particles having hydraulic properties and a liquid B mainly composed of silica sol, The material is cement clinker and / or cement (excluding mixed cement) fine powder, blast furnace slag fine powder,
And a gypsum fine powder, and the particle size distribution of the powder material is adjusted as follows. A mixture of the cement clinker and / or cement fine powder and the gypsum fine powder has a maximum particle size of 10.5 μm.
m and not more than 50% by volume of 2.2 μm passage; and said blast furnace slag fine powder has a maximum particle size of not more than 10.5 μm and not more than 50% by volume of 2.2 μm passage; and a powder obtained by mixing the above components. The material has a maximum particle size of 10.
5 μm or less and 2.2 μm passage 45% by volume or less. 2. A powder material, 1-50 parts by weight of cement clinker and / or cement fine powder (excluding gypsum), 50-100 parts by weight of blast furnace slag fine powder, gypsum (including gypsum in cement) but 0.5 converted to SO ₃
The ground injection material according to claim 1, wherein the amount is 3.0 parts by weight. 3. The ground injection material according to claim 1, wherein the powder material: silica sol is 1: 9 to 9: 1 in terms of weight. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein a gel time adjusting agent for adjusting a gel time after mixing the solution A and the solution B is blended with at least one of the solution A and the solution B. Ground injection material described in the above. 5. The ground injection material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a hydration inhibitor that suppresses hydration of the powder material is added to the liquid A.