JPH11505039A - 多層光学フィルムを使用したライトガイド - Google Patents
多層光学フィルムを使用したライトガイドInfo
- Publication number
- JPH11505039A JPH11505039A JP9533882A JP53388297A JPH11505039A JP H11505039 A JPH11505039 A JP H11505039A JP 9533882 A JP9533882 A JP 9533882A JP 53388297 A JP53388297 A JP 53388297A JP H11505039 A JPH11505039 A JP H11505039A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- light
- light guide
- multilayer
- guide
- emitting portion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000012788 optical film Substances 0.000 title description 78
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 160
- 238000000149 argon plasma sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 claims description 72
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 104
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 91
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 30
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 25
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 25
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 18
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 16
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000008033 biological extinction Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000013598 vector Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004313 glare Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 for example Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002329 infrared spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000000059 patterning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000001902 propagating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003252 repetitive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241001635598 Enicostema Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010027626 Milia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/20—Filters
- G02B5/28—Interference filters
- G02B5/285—Interference filters comprising deposited thin solid films
- G02B5/287—Interference filters comprising deposited thin solid films comprising at least one layer of organic material
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/20—Filters
- G02B5/28—Interference filters
- G02B5/285—Interference filters comprising deposited thin solid films
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
- G02B5/3025—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state
- G02B5/3033—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state in the form of a thin sheet or foil, e.g. Polaroid
- G02B5/3041—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state in the form of a thin sheet or foil, e.g. Polaroid comprising multiple thin layers, e.g. multilayer stacks
- G02B5/305—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state in the form of a thin sheet or foil, e.g. Polaroid comprising multiple thin layers, e.g. multilayer stacks including organic materials, e.g. polymeric layers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0005—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being of the fibre type
- G02B6/001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being of the fibre type the light being emitted along at least a portion of the lateral surface of the fibre
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0096—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the lights guides being of the hollow type
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
- G02B6/2804—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S385/00—Optical waveguides
- Y10S385/901—Illuminating or display apparatus
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Light Guides In General And Applications Therefor (AREA)
- Planar Illumination Modules (AREA)
- Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
- Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
- Polarising Elements (AREA)
- Optical Couplings Of Light Guides (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (1)
- 【特許請求の範囲】 1.断面において光の非放射部分(44)と光の放射部分(48)と光をほぼ吸 収しない光の散乱手段(52)とを備えるライトガイド(42)において、 (a) 光の非放射部分(44)が (i)長軸方向の鏡面反射能を有する光をほぼ吸収しない第1のリフレクターと 、 (ii)長軸方向の鏡面反射能を有する光をほぼ吸収しない第2のリフレクター とが積層して構成された多重層を備え、 多重層を構成するそれぞれの層が、隣接する層の屈折率とは異なる選択された 屈折率を有し、多重層が全体として長軸方向において高い鏡面反射率を有するこ とと、 (b) 光の放射部分(48)がプリズムライトガイド壁材料からなることと 、 (c) 光をほぼ吸収しない光の散乱手段(52)が光の非放射部分(4 4)の内側で光の放射部分(48)に対して反対側に当たる位置に配置されてい ることとを特徴とするライトガイド(42)。 2.(a) 前記ライトガイドの断面がライトガイドに沿ってほぼ一定であること と、 (b) 前記光散乱手段(52)の幅がライトガイドの長さに沿って拡大する こととを特徴とする請求項1に記載のライトガイド。 3.(a) 前記ライトガイドの断面がライトガイドの長さに沿って縮小すること と、 (b) 前記光散乱手段(52)の幅がライトガイドの長さに沿って拡大する こととを特徴とする請求項1に記載のライトガイド。 4.前記の光の放射部分の外側に配置されたレンズ(54)を更に備え、レンズ が、 (a) 光の低い吸収率と、 (b)(i) 波長 (ii) 偏光 (iii)角度 の内の一つ以上の組み合わせに応じて変化する光の透過率とを有することを 特徴とする請求項1に記載のライトガイド。 5.前記の光の非放射部分(44)を囲繞し、これに接着された不透明なカバー (46)を更に備える請求項1に記載のライトガイド。 6.前記光散乱手段(52)が光を吸収しない、一定のキメの細かさを有する空 気と高分子材料との間の境界面を備え、境界面は光を吸収しない接着剤により光 の非放射部分(44)に対して接着されることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のラ イトガイド。 7.前記多重層を構成する層のそれぞれが0.5ミクロンを越えないような厚さ を有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載のライトガイド。 8.断面において、光の非放射部分(44)と、光の放射部分(48)と、光を ほぼ吸収しない光の散乱手段(52)を備えるライトガイド(42)において、 (a) 前記の光の非放射部分(44)が第1と第2の光をほぼ吸収しない高 分子材料の層が積層して構成され、第1と第2の高分子材料は多重層が全体とし て長軸方向において高い鏡面反射率を有するようにその組成が異なることと、 (b) 前記の光の放射部分(48)がプリズムライトガイド壁材料からなる ことと、 (c) 前記の光をほぼ吸収しない光の散乱手段(52)が前記の光の非放射 部分(44)の内側で前記の光の放射部分(48)の反対側に当たる位置に配置 されることとを特徴とするライトガイド(42)。 9.(a) 前記ライトガイドの断面がライトガイドに沿ってほぼ一定であること と、 (b) 前記の光の散乱手段(52)の幅がライトガイドの長さに沿って増大 することとを特徴とする請求項8に記載のライトガイド。 10.(a) 前記ライトガイドの断面がライトガイドの長さに沿って縮小するこ とと、 (b) 前記光散乱手段(52)の幅がライトガイドの長さに沿って拡大する こととを特徴とする請求項8に記載のライトガイド。 11.前記の光の放射部分の外側に配置されたレンズ(54)を更に備え、レン ズが、 (a) 光の低い吸収率と、 (b)(i) 波長 (ii) 偏光 (iii)角度 の内の一つ以上の組み合わせに応じて変化する光の透過率とを有することを 特徴とする請求項8に記載のライトガイド。 12.前記の光の非放射部分(44)を囲繞し、これに接着された不透明なカバ ー(46)を更に備える請求項8に記載のライトガイド。 13.前記光散乱手段(52)が光を吸収しない、一定のキメの細かさを有する 空気と高分子材料との間の境界面を備え、境界面は光を吸収しない接着剤により 光の非放射部分(44)に対して接着されることを特徴とする請求項8に記載の ライトガイド。 14.前記多重層を構成する層のそれぞれが0.5ミクロンを越えないような厚 さを有することを特徴とする請求項8に記載のライトガイド。 15.断面において光の非放射部分(44)と光の放射部分(48)と光をほぼ 吸収しない光の散乱手段(52)とを備えるライトガイド(42)において、 (a) 光の非放射部分(44)が (i)長軸方向の鏡面反射能を有する光をほぼ吸収しない第1のリフレクターと 、 (ii)長軸方向の鏡面反射能を有する光をほぼ吸収しない第2のリフレクター とが積層して構成された多重層を備え、 多重層を構成するそれぞれの層が応力により生じる複屈折能を有し、多重層が 層の1軸から2軸方向の範囲において複屈折能を有し、多重層全体としては、長 軸方向において高い鏡面反射率を有することと、 (b) 光の放射部分(48)がプリズムライトガイド壁材料からなることと 、 (c) 光をほぼ吸収しない光の散乱手段(52)が光の非放射部分(4 4)の内側で光の放射部分(48)に対して反対側に当たる位置に配置されてい ることとを特徴とするライトガイド(42)。 16.(a) 前記ライトガイドの断面がライトガイドに沿ってほぼ一定であるこ とと、 (b) 前記光散乱手段(52)の幅がライトガイドの長さに沿って拡大する こととを特徴とする請求項15に記載のライトガイド。 17.(a) 前記ライトガイドの断面がライトガイドの長さに沿って縮小するこ とと、 (b) 前記光散乱手段(52)の幅がライトガイドの長さに沿って拡大する こととを特徴とする請求項15に記載のライトガイド。 18.前記の光の放射部分の外側に配置されたレンズ(54)を更に備え、レン ズが、 (a) 光の低い吸収率と、 (b)(i) 波長 (ii) 偏光 (iii)角度 の内の一つ以上の組み合わせに応じて変化する光の透過率とを有することを 特徴とする請求項15に記載のライトガイド。 19.前記の光の非放射部分(44)を囲繞し、これに接着された不透明なカバ ー(46)を更に備える請求項15に記載のライトガイド。 20.前記光散乱手段(52)が光を吸収しない、一定のキメの細かさを有する 空気と高分子材料との間の境界面を備え、境界面は光を吸収しない接着剤により 光の非放射部分(44)に対して接着されることを特徴とする請求項15に記載 のライトガイド。 21.前記多重層を構成する層のそれぞれが0.5ミクロンを越えないような厚 さを有することを特徴とする請求項15に記載のライトガイド。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US08/620,885 | 1996-03-22 | ||
US08/620,885 US5661839A (en) | 1996-03-22 | 1996-03-22 | Light guide employing multilayer optical film |
PCT/CA1997/000144 WO1997036199A1 (en) | 1996-03-22 | 1997-02-26 | Light guide employing multilayer optical film |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2002015119A Division JP3801509B2 (ja) | 1996-03-22 | 2002-01-24 | 多層光学フィルムを使用したライトガイド |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH11505039A true JPH11505039A (ja) | 1999-05-11 |
JP3309992B2 JP3309992B2 (ja) | 2002-07-29 |
Family
ID=24487823
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP53388297A Expired - Lifetime JP3309992B2 (ja) | 1996-03-22 | 1997-02-26 | 多層光学フィルムを使用したライトガイド |
JP2002015119A Expired - Lifetime JP3801509B2 (ja) | 1996-03-22 | 2002-01-24 | 多層光学フィルムを使用したライトガイド |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2002015119A Expired - Lifetime JP3801509B2 (ja) | 1996-03-22 | 2002-01-24 | 多層光学フィルムを使用したライトガイド |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US5661839A (ja) |
EP (1) | EP0888566B1 (ja) |
JP (2) | JP3309992B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100328406B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1157616C (ja) |
BR (1) | BR9708325A (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2244185C (ja) |
DE (1) | DE69713747T2 (ja) |
NO (1) | NO984321L (ja) |
WO (1) | WO1997036199A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2016518685A (ja) * | 2013-04-10 | 2016-06-23 | スリーエム イノベイティブ プロパティズ カンパニー | 遠隔照明光ダクト |
Families Citing this family (99)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6080467A (en) * | 1995-06-26 | 2000-06-27 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | High efficiency optical devices |
DE69629471T2 (de) * | 1995-06-26 | 2004-06-09 | Minnesota Mining And Mfg. Co., Saint Paul | Hintergrundbeleuchtungsvorrichtung mit mehrschichtfilmreflektor |
US5896119A (en) * | 1995-06-27 | 1999-04-20 | Silicon Graphics, Inc. | Removable backlighting assembly for flat panel display subsystem |
US5696529A (en) * | 1995-06-27 | 1997-12-09 | Silicon Graphics, Inc. | Flat panel monitor combining direct view with overhead projection capability |
US5661839A (en) * | 1996-03-22 | 1997-08-26 | The University Of British Columbia | Light guide employing multilayer optical film |
US6031958A (en) * | 1997-05-21 | 2000-02-29 | Mcgaffigan; Thomas H. | Optical light pipes with laser light appearance |
FR2764086B1 (fr) * | 1997-05-27 | 1999-07-09 | Thomson Multimedia Sa | Perfectionnement au systeme d'eclairage arriere pour modulateur electro-optique transmissif |
US5901266A (en) * | 1997-09-04 | 1999-05-04 | The University Of British Columbia | Uniform light extraction from light guide, independently of light guide length |
US6473220B1 (en) * | 1998-01-22 | 2002-10-29 | Trivium Technologies, Inc. | Film having transmissive and reflective properties |
JP3654836B2 (ja) * | 1998-02-19 | 2005-06-02 | マサチューセッツ インスティテュート オブ テクノロジー | 光子結晶の全方向反射体 |
US6130976A (en) | 1998-04-15 | 2000-10-10 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Coupling system for a light conduit |
US6325550B1 (en) | 1998-04-15 | 2001-12-04 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Thermally protective coupling for a light conduit lighting system |
DE69809086T2 (de) | 1998-04-15 | 2003-07-24 | Minnesota Mining & Manufacturing Company, St. Paul | Baugruppe für einen röhrenförmigen wellenleiter-beleuchtungssystem |
US6611249B1 (en) | 1998-07-22 | 2003-08-26 | Silicon Graphics, Inc. | System and method for providing a wide aspect ratio flat panel display monitor independent white-balance adjustment and gamma correction capabilities |
US6816145B1 (en) | 1998-07-22 | 2004-11-09 | Silicon Graphics, Inc. | Large area wide aspect ratio flat panel monitor having high resolution for high information content display |
JP3643774B2 (ja) | 1998-10-14 | 2005-04-27 | マサチューセッツ インスティテュート オブ テクノロジー | 光導波のための全方向多層デバイス |
US6285814B1 (en) | 1999-09-30 | 2001-09-04 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Light guide luminaire |
US6611644B2 (en) | 1999-11-17 | 2003-08-26 | Universite Laval | Non-reciprocal optical element for photonic devices |
US6621973B1 (en) | 2000-03-16 | 2003-09-16 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Light guide with protective outer sleeve |
US6612729B1 (en) | 2000-03-16 | 2003-09-02 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Illumination device |
US6481882B1 (en) | 2000-05-04 | 2002-11-19 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Light pipe fixture with internal extractor |
WO2002008808A1 (en) * | 2000-07-24 | 2002-01-31 | Fusion Lighting, Inc. | Multilayer plastic sheet for light pipe |
US6809892B2 (en) * | 2000-07-26 | 2004-10-26 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Hollow surface illuminator |
WO2002059656A2 (en) * | 2001-01-25 | 2002-08-01 | Omniguide Communications | Low-loss photonic crystal waveguide having large core radius |
EP1366383A1 (en) * | 2001-01-25 | 2003-12-03 | Omniguide Communications Inc. | Photonic crystal optical waveguides having tailored dispersion profiles |
US20020102393A1 (en) * | 2001-01-31 | 2002-08-01 | Engelhard Corp. | Decorative iridescent film |
WO2002061467A2 (en) | 2001-01-31 | 2002-08-08 | Omniguide Communications | Electromagnetic mode conversion in photonic crystal multimode waveguides |
CA2443129A1 (en) * | 2001-04-12 | 2002-10-24 | Emilia Anderson | High index-contrast fiber waveguides and applications |
US7272285B2 (en) * | 2001-07-16 | 2007-09-18 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Fiber waveguides and methods of making the same |
US7064740B2 (en) * | 2001-11-09 | 2006-06-20 | Sharp Laboratories Of America, Inc. | Backlit display with improved dynamic range |
US7345824B2 (en) * | 2002-03-26 | 2008-03-18 | Trivium Technologies, Inc. | Light collimating device |
US7595934B2 (en) | 2002-03-26 | 2009-09-29 | Brilliant Film Llc | Integrated sub-assembly having a light collimating or transflecting device |
AU2003295929A1 (en) * | 2002-11-22 | 2004-06-18 | Omniguide, Inc. | Dielectric waveguide and method of making the same |
EP1567894A2 (en) * | 2002-12-02 | 2005-08-31 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Illumination system using a plurality of light sources |
TW200506446A (en) * | 2003-05-20 | 2005-02-16 | Trivium Technologies Inc | Devices for use in non-emissive displays |
US7329887B2 (en) * | 2003-12-02 | 2008-02-12 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Solid state light device |
US7403680B2 (en) * | 2003-12-02 | 2008-07-22 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Reflective light coupler |
US20050116635A1 (en) * | 2003-12-02 | 2005-06-02 | Walson James E. | Multiple LED source and method for assembling same |
US20050116235A1 (en) * | 2003-12-02 | 2005-06-02 | Schultz John C. | Illumination assembly |
US7456805B2 (en) | 2003-12-18 | 2008-11-25 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Display including a solid state light device and method using same |
KR100875326B1 (ko) | 2003-12-18 | 2008-12-22 | 샤프 가부시키가이샤 | 액정 디스플레이 응답 특성 결정 방법 및 프리젠테이션 방법 |
US7602369B2 (en) | 2004-05-04 | 2009-10-13 | Sharp Laboratories Of America, Inc. | Liquid crystal display with colored backlight |
US7872631B2 (en) | 2004-05-04 | 2011-01-18 | Sharp Laboratories Of America, Inc. | Liquid crystal display with temporal black point |
US7777714B2 (en) | 2004-05-04 | 2010-08-17 | Sharp Laboratories Of America, Inc. | Liquid crystal display with adaptive width |
US7532192B2 (en) * | 2004-05-04 | 2009-05-12 | Sharp Laboratories Of America, Inc. | Liquid crystal display with filtered black point |
US8395577B2 (en) | 2004-05-04 | 2013-03-12 | Sharp Laboratories Of America, Inc. | Liquid crystal display with illumination control |
US7505018B2 (en) * | 2004-05-04 | 2009-03-17 | Sharp Laboratories Of America, Inc. | Liquid crystal display with reduced black level insertion |
US7612757B2 (en) * | 2004-05-04 | 2009-11-03 | Sharp Laboratories Of America, Inc. | Liquid crystal display with modulated black point |
US7023451B2 (en) | 2004-06-14 | 2006-04-04 | Sharp Laboratories Of America, Inc. | System for reducing crosstalk |
US7556836B2 (en) * | 2004-09-03 | 2009-07-07 | Solae, Llc | High protein snack product |
US7898519B2 (en) | 2005-02-17 | 2011-03-01 | Sharp Laboratories Of America, Inc. | Method for overdriving a backlit display |
US8050512B2 (en) | 2004-11-16 | 2011-11-01 | Sharp Laboratories Of America, Inc. | High dynamic range images from low dynamic range images |
US7525528B2 (en) * | 2004-11-16 | 2009-04-28 | Sharp Laboratories Of America, Inc. | Technique that preserves specular highlights |
US8050511B2 (en) | 2004-11-16 | 2011-11-01 | Sharp Laboratories Of America, Inc. | High dynamic range images from low dynamic range images |
US7180779B2 (en) * | 2005-07-11 | 2007-02-20 | Atmel Corporation | Memory architecture with enhanced over-erase tolerant control gate scheme |
WO2007064615A1 (en) * | 2005-11-30 | 2007-06-07 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Light guide and illuminating fixture comprising it |
US9143657B2 (en) | 2006-01-24 | 2015-09-22 | Sharp Laboratories Of America, Inc. | Color enhancement technique using skin color detection |
US8121401B2 (en) | 2006-01-24 | 2012-02-21 | Sharp Labortories of America, Inc. | Method for reducing enhancement of artifacts and noise in image color enhancement |
US7592996B2 (en) * | 2006-06-02 | 2009-09-22 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Multiprimary color display with dynamic gamut mapping |
EP2369378B1 (en) * | 2006-07-25 | 2013-10-30 | The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University | Hollow core fiber tapers |
KR100795447B1 (ko) * | 2006-09-11 | 2008-01-16 | 노키아 코포레이션 | 광 가이드, 광가이드 제조 장치, 제조 시스템, 및 제조 방법 |
US8941580B2 (en) | 2006-11-30 | 2015-01-27 | Sharp Laboratories Of America, Inc. | Liquid crystal display with area adaptive backlight |
RU2444772C2 (ru) * | 2006-12-21 | 2012-03-10 | Конинклейке Филипс Электроникс Н.В. | Система проецирования света и отображающее устройство |
US8434909B2 (en) * | 2007-10-09 | 2013-05-07 | Flex Lighting Ii, Llc | Light emitting display with light mixing within a film |
KR20100100776A (ko) * | 2007-10-09 | 2010-09-15 | 안소니 제이. 니콜 | 조사된 필름으로의 광 커플링 |
JP5257654B2 (ja) * | 2008-03-24 | 2013-08-07 | 富士ゼロックス株式会社 | 光照射体,像形成構造体及び画像形成装置 |
US8224207B2 (en) | 2007-10-12 | 2012-07-17 | Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd. | Light irradiation element, image forming structure, and image forming apparatus |
WO2009108896A1 (en) * | 2008-02-27 | 2009-09-03 | Brilliant Film, Llc | Concentrators for solar power generating systems |
US8905610B2 (en) | 2009-01-26 | 2014-12-09 | Flex Lighting Ii, Llc | Light emitting device comprising a lightguide film |
MX2011007770A (es) | 2009-01-26 | 2011-11-04 | Flex Lighting Ii Llc | Iluminacion a traves de peliculas delgadas flexibles. |
US8917962B1 (en) | 2009-06-24 | 2014-12-23 | Flex Lighting Ii, Llc | Method of manufacturing a light input coupler and lightguide |
US8596825B2 (en) * | 2009-08-04 | 2013-12-03 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Solid state light with optical guide and integrated thermal guide |
JP2013525955A (ja) | 2010-04-16 | 2013-06-20 | フレックス ライティング 2,エルエルシー | フィルムベースのライトガイドを備える照明デバイス |
US9028123B2 (en) | 2010-04-16 | 2015-05-12 | Flex Lighting Ii, Llc | Display illumination device with a film-based lightguide having stacked incident surfaces |
US9103956B2 (en) | 2010-07-28 | 2015-08-11 | Flex Lighting Ii, Llc | Light emitting device with optical redundancy |
ES2384737B1 (es) * | 2010-11-11 | 2013-06-11 | Universidad Complutense De Madrid | Sistema de iluminación natural por guiado óptico y extracción de luz aplicado a edificación. |
US8568010B2 (en) | 2010-12-16 | 2013-10-29 | Cooledge Lighting Inc. | Hybrid illumination systems and methods |
US9645304B2 (en) | 2011-03-09 | 2017-05-09 | Flex Lighting Ii Llc | Directional front illuminating device comprising a film based lightguide with high optical clarity in the light emitting region |
WO2012158460A1 (en) * | 2011-05-13 | 2012-11-22 | Flex Lighting Ii, Llc | Solar energy system including a lightguide film |
CN104755354B (zh) | 2012-10-23 | 2019-12-06 | Tk控股公司 | 转向盘灯条 |
DE112013005126T5 (de) | 2012-10-23 | 2015-07-16 | Tk Holdings Inc. | Lenkrad-Lichtbalken |
EP2914898A1 (en) | 2012-10-30 | 2015-09-09 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Curved light duct extraction |
JP2015533021A (ja) | 2012-10-30 | 2015-11-16 | スリーエム イノベイティブ プロパティズ カンパニー | 矩形光ダクト抽出 |
US11009646B2 (en) | 2013-03-12 | 2021-05-18 | Azumo, Inc. | Film-based lightguide with interior light directing edges in a light mixing region |
US9566751B1 (en) | 2013-03-12 | 2017-02-14 | Flex Lighting Ii, Llc | Methods of forming film-based lightguides |
US9690032B1 (en) | 2013-03-12 | 2017-06-27 | Flex Lighting Ii Llc | Lightguide including a film with one or more bends |
US9082326B2 (en) * | 2013-05-02 | 2015-07-14 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Self illuminated shaped and two-sided signage for printed graphics |
WO2015050961A1 (en) * | 2013-10-03 | 2015-04-09 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Remote illumination light duct |
CN106536280B (zh) | 2014-07-23 | 2019-06-18 | Tk控股公司 | 转向握柄灯条系统 |
DE112016001889T5 (de) * | 2015-04-24 | 2018-01-04 | Tk Holdings Inc. | Lenkrad-Lichtbalken |
US20160327241A1 (en) * | 2015-05-04 | 2016-11-10 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Luminaire assembly |
US10718890B2 (en) * | 2016-03-01 | 2020-07-21 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Optical structures with off-state appearance area |
WO2018129189A1 (en) | 2017-01-04 | 2018-07-12 | Joyson Safety Systems Acquisition Llc | Vehicle illumination systems and methods |
WO2019173750A1 (en) | 2018-03-08 | 2019-09-12 | Joyson Safety Systems Acquisition Llc | Vehicle illumination systems and methods |
CN113272693B (zh) | 2018-08-30 | 2023-06-13 | 阿祖莫公司 | 具有角度变化的漫射膜的基于膜的前光源 |
WO2020142731A1 (en) | 2019-01-03 | 2020-07-09 | Flex Lighting Ii, Llc | Reflective display comprising a lightguide and light turning film creating multiple illumination peaks |
WO2021022307A1 (en) | 2019-08-01 | 2021-02-04 | Flex Lighting Ii, Llc | Lightguide with a light input edge between lateral edges of a folded strip |
CN113448007A (zh) * | 2021-07-19 | 2021-09-28 | 南京工程学院 | 一种通过光纤包层设计实现多样化照明的方法 |
CN113466986A (zh) * | 2021-07-19 | 2021-10-01 | 南京工程学院 | 一种单光纤的漏光多点照明设计方法 |
Family Cites Families (78)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB713529A (en) * | 1951-03-16 | 1954-08-11 | Edward Wasteneys Hall | Improvements in or relating to lights for vehicles and devices for preventing dazzletherefrom and assisting in the penetration of fog |
FR1543165A (fr) * | 1964-05-06 | 1968-10-25 | Dispositif optique concentrateur d'un type nouveau permettant d'obtenir un éclairement énergétique maximal sur l'élément sensible d'un récepteur de rayonnement, procédé de détermination des caractéristiques optimales de concentrateurs de ce type, et appareils de mise en oeuvre | |
US3759647A (en) * | 1969-04-10 | 1973-09-18 | Turner Alfrey Us | Apparatus for the preparation of multilayer plastic articles |
US3647612A (en) * | 1969-06-06 | 1972-03-07 | Dow Chemical Co | Multilayer plastic articles |
US3801429A (en) * | 1969-06-06 | 1974-04-02 | Dow Chemical Co | Multilayer plastic articles |
US3610729A (en) * | 1969-06-18 | 1971-10-05 | Polaroid Corp | Multilayered light polarizer |
US3711176A (en) * | 1971-01-14 | 1973-01-16 | Dow Chemical Co | Highly reflective thermoplastic bodies for infrared, visible or ultraviolet light |
BE789478A (fr) * | 1971-10-01 | 1973-03-29 | Dow Chemical Co | Procede et dispositif d'extrusion de matieres plastiques en feuilles multicouches |
US4105293A (en) * | 1976-08-25 | 1978-08-08 | Aizenberg Julian Borisovich | Lighting installation based on light guide |
US4094947A (en) * | 1976-09-03 | 1978-06-13 | The Dow Chemical Company | Multilayer coextrusion process for producing selective reflectivity |
US4260220A (en) * | 1979-06-15 | 1981-04-07 | Canadian Patents And Development Limited | Prism light guide having surfaces which are in octature |
US4337759A (en) * | 1979-10-10 | 1982-07-06 | John M. Popovich | Radiant energy concentration by optical total internal reflection |
US4310584A (en) * | 1979-12-26 | 1982-01-12 | The Mearl Corporation | Multilayer light-reflecting film |
US4335421A (en) * | 1980-03-17 | 1982-06-15 | Modia Joseph W | Light fixture, light aperture and method of uniformly illuminating an optically diffusive viewing area |
US4446305A (en) * | 1981-03-02 | 1984-05-01 | Polaroid Corporation | Optical device including birefringent polymer |
US4525413A (en) * | 1981-03-02 | 1985-06-25 | Polaroid Corporation | Optical device including birefringent polymer |
US4520189A (en) * | 1981-03-02 | 1985-05-28 | Polaroid Corporation | Optical device including birefringent aromatic amino carboxylic acid polymer |
US4521588A (en) * | 1981-03-02 | 1985-06-04 | Polaroid Corporation | Optical device including birefringent polyhydrazide polymer |
US4750798A (en) * | 1983-08-29 | 1988-06-14 | Canadian Patents And Developement Limited | Prism light guide luminaire |
US4615579A (en) * | 1983-08-29 | 1986-10-07 | Canadian Patents & Development Ltd. | Prism light guide luminaire |
US4540623A (en) * | 1983-10-14 | 1985-09-10 | The Dow Chemical Company | Coextruded multi-layered articles |
DE3573649D1 (en) * | 1984-07-02 | 1989-11-16 | Mitsubishi Rayon Co | Light diffuser |
JPS62195601A (ja) * | 1985-09-20 | 1987-08-28 | Nissho Giken Kk | 光の方向変換装置 |
CA1279783C (en) * | 1985-11-21 | 1991-02-05 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Totally internally reflecting thin, flexible film |
US4805984A (en) * | 1985-11-21 | 1989-02-21 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Totally internally reflecting light conduit |
US4755921A (en) * | 1986-04-02 | 1988-07-05 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Lens |
GB2196100B (en) * | 1986-10-01 | 1990-07-04 | Mitsubishi Rayon Co | Light diffusing device |
US4850665A (en) * | 1987-02-20 | 1989-07-25 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Method and apparatus for controlled emission of light from prism light guide |
US4874228A (en) * | 1987-03-24 | 1989-10-17 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Back-lit display |
US4799137A (en) * | 1987-03-24 | 1989-01-17 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Reflective film |
US4984144A (en) * | 1987-05-08 | 1991-01-08 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | High aspect ratio light fixture and film for use therein |
US4834495A (en) * | 1987-05-08 | 1989-05-30 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Collapsible light pipe |
US4787708A (en) * | 1987-05-08 | 1988-11-29 | Tir Systems Ltd. | Apparatus for continuously controlled emission of light from prism light guide |
US4791540A (en) * | 1987-05-26 | 1988-12-13 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Light fixture providing normalized output |
US4937716A (en) * | 1988-05-05 | 1990-06-26 | Tir Systems Ltd | Illuminating device having non-absorptive variable transmissivity cover |
US4989125A (en) * | 1988-05-10 | 1991-01-29 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Reflector using fresnel-type structures having a plurality of active faces |
US4895420A (en) * | 1988-08-22 | 1990-01-23 | Gte Products Corporation | High reflectance light guide |
US5219217A (en) * | 1988-10-07 | 1993-06-15 | Gulton Industries, Inc. | Illuminating system |
WO1990004132A1 (en) * | 1988-10-07 | 1990-04-19 | Gulton Industries, Inc. | Illuminating system |
US4996632A (en) * | 1988-10-07 | 1991-02-26 | Gulton Industries, Inc. | Multi-color illuminating system |
US4937134A (en) * | 1989-04-17 | 1990-06-26 | The Dow Chemical Company | Elastomeric optical interference films |
US5486949A (en) * | 1989-06-20 | 1996-01-23 | The Dow Chemical Company | Birefringent interference polarizer |
US5122905A (en) * | 1989-06-20 | 1992-06-16 | The Dow Chemical Company | Relective polymeric body |
US5089318A (en) * | 1989-10-31 | 1992-02-18 | The Mearl Corporation | Iridescent film with thermoplastic elastomeric components |
US5202074A (en) * | 1989-12-26 | 1993-04-13 | The Dow Chemical Company | Method for producing injection molded multilayer articles |
US5149578A (en) * | 1989-12-26 | 1992-09-22 | The Dow Chemical Company | Multilayer film for tamper indication by use of optical interference reflection |
CA2069502C (en) * | 1989-12-26 | 2003-07-29 | Walter J. Schrenk | Processes and apparatus for making multilayer plastic articles |
US5043850A (en) * | 1990-01-10 | 1991-08-27 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Direction dependent line light source |
US5278694A (en) * | 1990-01-11 | 1994-01-11 | The Dow Chemical Company | Optically dissimilar composition for polymeric reflective bodies |
US5095210A (en) * | 1990-04-06 | 1992-03-10 | The Dow Chemical Company | Multilayer film indicator for determining the integrity or authenticity of an item and process for using same |
US5103337A (en) * | 1990-07-24 | 1992-04-07 | The Dow Chemical Company | Infrared reflective optical interference film |
US5126880A (en) * | 1990-12-18 | 1992-06-30 | The Dow Chemical Company | Polymeric reflective bodies with multiple layer types |
US5094788A (en) | 1990-12-21 | 1992-03-10 | The Dow Chemical Company | Interfacial surface generator |
US5094793A (en) * | 1990-12-21 | 1992-03-10 | The Dow Chemical Company | Methods and apparatus for generating interfacial surfaces |
US5217794A (en) * | 1991-01-22 | 1993-06-08 | The Dow Chemical Company | Lamellar polymeric body |
US5243506A (en) * | 1991-06-17 | 1993-09-07 | Tir Systems Ltd. | High aspect ratio light emitter having high uniformity and directionality |
US5186530A (en) * | 1991-11-22 | 1993-02-16 | Tir Systems, Ltd. | Lighting structure having variable transmissivity internal light guide illumination |
CA2130810A1 (en) * | 1992-02-25 | 1993-09-02 | Walter J. Schrenk | All-polymeric ultraviolet reflecting film |
US5234729A (en) * | 1992-02-27 | 1993-08-10 | The Dow Chemical Company | Multilayer polymeric reflective bodies for decorative and security applications |
US5309544A (en) * | 1992-03-31 | 1994-05-03 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Light pipe having optimized cross-section |
JPH05288910A (ja) * | 1992-04-14 | 1993-11-05 | Dainippon Printing Co Ltd | 回折格子 |
US5233465A (en) * | 1992-05-27 | 1993-08-03 | The Dow Chemical Company | Visibly transparent infrared reflecting film with color masking |
JP3374978B2 (ja) * | 1992-06-29 | 2003-02-10 | 大日本印刷株式会社 | 回折格子の製造方法 |
US5269995A (en) * | 1992-10-02 | 1993-12-14 | The Dow Chemical Company | Coextrusion of multilayer articles using protective boundary layers and apparatus therefor |
US5339198A (en) * | 1992-10-16 | 1994-08-16 | The Dow Chemical Company | All-polymeric cold mirror |
KR950704701A (ko) * | 1992-10-29 | 1995-11-20 | 스티븐 에스. 그레이스 | 성형가능한 반사 다층제(Formable reflective multilayer body) |
US5339382A (en) * | 1993-02-23 | 1994-08-16 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Prism light guide luminaire with efficient directional output |
US5360659A (en) * | 1993-05-24 | 1994-11-01 | The Dow Chemical Company | Two component infrared reflecting film |
US5389324A (en) * | 1993-06-07 | 1995-02-14 | The Dow Chemical Company | Layer thickness gradient control in multilayer polymeric bodies |
JP3448626B2 (ja) * | 1993-12-21 | 2003-09-22 | スリーエム イノベイティブ プロパティズ カンパニー | 反射偏光子ディスプレイ |
BR9408379A (pt) * | 1993-12-21 | 1997-08-26 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Polarizador óptico e dispositivo visor |
EP0962807B1 (en) * | 1993-12-21 | 2008-12-03 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Multilayered optical film |
AU1443595A (en) * | 1993-12-21 | 1995-07-10 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Reflective polarizer with brightness enhancement |
US5424119A (en) * | 1994-02-04 | 1995-06-13 | Flex Products, Inc. | Polymeric sheet having oriented multilayer interference thin film flakes therein, product using the same and method |
US5481445A (en) * | 1994-02-15 | 1996-01-02 | Lexalite International Corp. | Transflection reflector having controlled reflected and transmitted light distribution |
US5451449A (en) * | 1994-05-11 | 1995-09-19 | The Mearl Corporation | Colored iridescent film |
US5481637A (en) * | 1994-11-02 | 1996-01-02 | The University Of British Columbia | Hollow light guide for diffuse light |
US5661839A (en) * | 1996-03-22 | 1997-08-26 | The University Of British Columbia | Light guide employing multilayer optical film |
-
1996
- 1996-03-22 US US08/620,885 patent/US5661839A/en not_active Ceased
-
1997
- 1997-02-26 DE DE69713747T patent/DE69713747T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-02-26 CN CNB971932581A patent/CN1157616C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-02-26 WO PCT/CA1997/000144 patent/WO1997036199A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1997-02-26 EP EP97903189A patent/EP0888566B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-02-26 CA CA002244185A patent/CA2244185C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-02-26 JP JP53388297A patent/JP3309992B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-02-26 BR BR9708325A patent/BR9708325A/pt unknown
- 1997-02-26 KR KR1019980707498A patent/KR100328406B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1998
- 1998-09-17 NO NO984321A patent/NO984321L/no not_active Application Discontinuation
-
1999
- 1999-08-11 US US09/370,507 patent/USRE37594E1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2002
- 2002-01-24 JP JP2002015119A patent/JP3801509B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2016518685A (ja) * | 2013-04-10 | 2016-06-23 | スリーエム イノベイティブ プロパティズ カンパニー | 遠隔照明光ダクト |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1157616C (zh) | 2004-07-14 |
WO1997036199A1 (en) | 1997-10-02 |
KR100328406B1 (ko) | 2002-09-12 |
NO984321D0 (no) | 1998-09-17 |
USRE37594E1 (en) | 2002-03-19 |
DE69713747D1 (de) | 2002-08-08 |
DE69713747T2 (de) | 2003-03-13 |
JP3309992B2 (ja) | 2002-07-29 |
NO984321L (no) | 1998-11-23 |
JP2002250818A (ja) | 2002-09-06 |
EP0888566B1 (en) | 2002-07-03 |
KR20000004931A (ko) | 2000-01-25 |
CN1218556A (zh) | 1999-06-02 |
BR9708325A (pt) | 1999-08-03 |
EP0888566A1 (en) | 1999-01-07 |
CA2244185A1 (en) | 1997-10-02 |
CA2244185C (en) | 2002-08-20 |
US5661839A (en) | 1997-08-26 |
JP3801509B2 (ja) | 2006-07-26 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP3309992B2 (ja) | 多層光学フィルムを使用したライトガイド | |
JP4437920B2 (ja) | 偏光を供給するための微細構造化された照明システム | |
KR100366848B1 (ko) | 편광원 | |
CN102679270B (zh) | 照明系统及其光注入耦合器 | |
US8393773B2 (en) | Light-guide lights providing a substantially monochromatic beam | |
KR20190001406U (ko) | 광 조사 장치 | |
CN216817084U (zh) | 显示系统及包含其的交通工具 | |
JP2000147488A (ja) | 偏光面光源装置及び液晶表示装置 | |
EP4121689B1 (en) | A light diffuser and a method for assembling the same | |
MXPA98006978A (en) | Guide of light that employs optical film of multip layers | |
JP2004139901A (ja) | 照明装置 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20090524 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20090524 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20100524 Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20110524 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20120524 Year of fee payment: 10 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20130524 Year of fee payment: 11 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20130524 Year of fee payment: 11 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
EXPY | Cancellation because of completion of term |