JPH11337258A - Vacuum dryer - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a vacuum dryer to be simply handled even by an amateur such as a housewife or the like without necessity of separately installing an exhaust gas treating facility. SOLUTION: A materiel to be dried in a vacuum tank 10 is heated by heater means 70, 71 for heating. Meanwhile, an air in the tank is sucked by a negative pressure at the time of pumping a water to perform a low temperature evaporation. A microorganism is added to the water in a storage tank 50 for evacuating in vacuum, and an offensive odor or a dust in the vacuum tank is treated in the storage tank.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a vacuum drying apparatus, and more particularly to a vacuum drying apparatus which does not require separate installation of an exhaust gas treatment facility, and which can be easily handled by an amateur such as a housewife at home.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In general, organic waste includes kitchen residues in cafeterias and hotels, school meals in schools and hospitals, foodstuffs whose warranty period has expired in supermarkets, department stores and grocery stores, and industrial wastes. Known sludges, manure from livestock facilities, beer slag, shochu slag, and other residues in food manufacturing facilities, household garbage from households, and the like are known.

[0003] The above-mentioned organic waste has been disposed of by incineration or landfill.
For example, while dioxin poses a major problem, landfill sites tend to be limited due to environmental issues and the like. Therefore, a method of treating organic waste by composting has attracted attention and has been recommended.

[0004] In the above-mentioned composting treatment, microorganisms are used to decompose organic waste and ferment it, and when it is fermented, if the organic waste contains a large amount of water, not fermentation but putrefaction proceeds.

[0005] In view of the above, a method has been proposed in which a wood chip or rice husk moisture regulator is mixed with organic waste and mechanically stirred to promote decomposition fermentation. However, the method includes wood chips and rice husk. In some cases, it cannot be used effectively as an organic fertilizer.

On the other hand, as a pretreatment of the composting process,
A method of vacuum-drying organic waste to a predetermined moisture content has also been proposed. In the case of such a vacuum drying method, by separating and vacuum drying at a place where organic waste is generated,
It is expected that livestock feed and the like can be collected from waste, and that the amount of waste to be composted can be reduced.

In a conventional vacuum drying apparatus, an inlet and an outlet for charging and discharging organic waste are provided in a double-structured tank, and hot water or steam from a boiler is circulated through a wall of the double-structured tank so that waste in the tank is discharged. On the other hand, a stirring screw is provided in the tank to stir the waste in the tank and press it against the heating surface. Generally, a method of continuously extracting air from a tank by a pump and removing moisture in waste by low-temperature evaporation in a vacuum is employed.

[0008]

However, in the conventional vacuum drying apparatus, since the air taken out by the vacuum pump contains odor, dust, and water vapor, it cannot be released into the air as it is, and an exhaust gas treatment facility is separately installed. I needed to.

Furthermore, since a complicated inspection of the vacuum pump and a management inspection of the boiler are required, there is a problem that it is difficult for a layman to operate the vacuum drying apparatus and that a highly skilled specialist is required.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above problems, it is an object of the present invention to provide a vacuum drying apparatus which does not require separate installation of an exhaust gas treatment facility and which can be easily handled by amateurs such as housewives. .

[0011]

Therefore, in the vacuum drying apparatus according to the present invention, the uppermost portion is provided with an inlet through which the material to be dried can be introduced, and the lowermost portion has an outlet through which the material to be dried can be discharged. A vacuum tank having a closed structure, a stirring screw mechanism provided in the vacuum tank and stirring the object to be dried, and provided at least on a wall surface of the vacuum tank and generating heat by energization to cover the inside of the vacuum tank. A heating means for heating the dried product, a water passage through which water can flow, a water pump for pumping water in the water passage, and one end connected to the upper space in the vacuum tank and the other end connected It is connected to the water pump downstream side of the water passage, and sucks air containing at least odor, dust and water vapor in the vacuum tank by pumping water in the water passage to form a vacuum in the vacuum tank. Air suction passage While the water is stored and both ends of the water passage are connected and connected, microorganisms capable of treating the odor and dust contained in the air pumped together with the water in the water passage are added to the water. And a tank.

One of the features of the present invention resides in that an object to be dried in a vacuum tank is heated by a heating heater. This eliminates the need for boiler equipment, simplifies the equipment and makes it smaller, and eliminates the need for specialized knowledge in the operation of the heating equipment, which can be operated not only by amateurs but also by amateurs.
Inspection management like boiler equipment can be eliminated.

Another feature of the present invention resides in that the air in the vacuum tank is sucked by the negative pressure at the time of feeding water. This eliminates the need for a complicated vacuum pump, eliminates the need for inspection like a vacuum pump, and eliminates noise that is likely to be generated when the vacuum pump is operated.

Still another feature of the present invention resides in that microorganisms are added to water in a water storage tank for generating a vacuum so that malodor and dust in the vacuum tank are treated in the water storage tank. Thus, it is not necessary to separately install an exhaust gas treatment facility, and the apparatus can be constructed very compact. In this case, the end of the water passage on the side that returns the water in the water passage to the water storage tank is connected to the water storage tank in a tangential direction, and the dust is settled to the bottom of the water storage tank by using the principle of cyclone. It is better to

The heater means may be provided at least on the wall surface of the vacuum tank. However, since heat is not transmitted in a vacuum, the stirring screw mechanism is provided so as to press the material to be dried against the wall surface of the vacuum tank to stir. It is also preferable to provide heating heater means on the rotating shaft of the stirring screw mechanism.

It is preferable to employ a surface heater that covers most of the wall surface of the vacuum tank as the heating heater provided on the wall surface of the vacuum tank. Further, it is preferable that the heating heater provided on the rotating shaft of the stirring screw mechanism employs a rod-shaped heater, and that a material having good heat transfer is employed for the screw attached to the rotating shaft to promote heating even on the screw surface.

As described above, the structure of the vacuum drying apparatus can be simplified. As a result, when the vacuum tank is installed inclined on the water storage tank, the vacuum drying apparatus can be constructed as a very compact and low height apparatus. Layout space can be reduced to any location. Needless to say, the vacuum tank and the water storage tank may be separated from each other, or the vacuum tank may be placed vertically or horizontally, depending on the installation condition and the capacity of the vacuum drying device.

Further, the vacuum drying apparatus may be configured such that the operator can manually start and stop the operation at any time, or may be configured as a device which can be dried by automatic operation. That is, a lid closing sensor that detects that the lid of the inlet of the vacuum tank is closed, and a control device that receives a signal from the lid closing sensor and operates a stirring screw mechanism and a water pump. Is also good.

[0019]

According to the present invention, the object to be dried in the vacuum tank is heated by the heating heater means, so that the conventional boiler equipment is unnecessary, and the structure of the apparatus is simplified and compact. Not only can you make it. Also,
There is no need for specialized knowledge to operate the heating heater means, and not only amateurs such as housewives can operate safely,
Inspection management like boiler equipment is not required.

In addition, since the air in the vacuum tank is sucked by the negative pressure at the time of pumping water to form a vacuum in the tank, inspection such as a vacuum pump is not required, and further, the water pump is not required. The operation is quiet and noise is less of a problem.

Further, microorganisms are added to the water in the water storage tank, and the odor and dust in the vacuum tank are treated in the water storage tank. Therefore, it is not necessary to separately install an exhaust gas treatment facility, and the apparatus is extremely reduced. Can be built compact.

As a result, it is possible to construct an energy-saving vacuum drying apparatus which is simple and requires less maintenance.

[0023]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below in detail with reference to specific examples shown in the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a preferred embodiment of the vacuum drying apparatus according to the present invention. In the figure, a vacuum tank 10 has a closed structure, and a material input port (input port) 11 for inputting a material (a material to be dried) is provided at an uppermost portion of a wall surface thereof. The lid 12 is attached so that the lid 12 can be closed and opened and closed.

A dried product outlet (discharge port) 13 for discharging a dried product (dried material to be dried) is provided at the lowermost portion of the vacuum tank 10. Are mounted so as to be able to be closed and opened and closed freely.

Further, a rotary shaft 21 is provided along the center axis of the vacuum tank 10, and a spiral screw 22 is supported on the rotary shaft 21. The spiral screw 22 presses the raw material against the tank wall surface, It is formed in such a size and shape that the raw material can be crushed at the lowermost part in the tank.

A sprocket 23 is attached to the upper end of the rotating shaft 21. The sprocket 23 is connected to a driving sprocket 25 of a driving motor 25 via a driving force transmission chain 24.

One end of an air suction passage 30 is connected to the uppermost portion of the wall surface of the vacuum tank 10, and the other end of the air suction passage 30 is connected to the middle of a water passage 40.
Both ends of the water passage 40 are connected to a cylindrical water storage tank 50, and a water pump 60 is provided between a suction side 41 of the water passage 40 and a connection portion of the air suction passage 30. Note that the return side portion of the water passage 40 is preferably connected so as to return water in the tangential direction of the cylindrical shape of the water storage tank 50.

The water pump 60 is operated by a drive motor 61. Water in the water storage tank 50 is sucked by the water pump 60, jetted out, and circulated into the water storage tank 50. Air suction passage 3
A vacuum is generated in the vacuum tank 10 by generating a negative pressure at the connection portion 0 and sucking air containing odor, dust and water vapor in the vacuum tank 10 through the air suction passage 30. .

The water storage tank 50 has a water supply pipe 52.
A drain port 54 is formed at the bottom portion and is opened and closed by an on-off valve. An overflow port portion 53 is formed at a portion above the side wall surface of the water storage tank 50, and overflow water exceeding a predetermined water level is drained. It has become so.

Further, an exhaust port 51 for exhausting the air in the tank is formed at the uppermost portion of the water storage tank 50, and microorganisms are appropriately added to the water in the water storage tank 50 and sent together with the circulated water. The odor and dust contained in the air are treated.

A surface heater (heating heater means) 70 is provided on the wall surface of the vacuum tank 10 so as to cover substantially the entire surface thereof, so that the raw material is heated in the vacuum tank 10. A rod-shaped heater (heating heater means) 71 is inserted into the rotating shaft 21 of the helical screw 22, while the helical screw 22 is made of a material having a good heat transfer property. The heating of the raw material in the tank 10 is promoted.

In the figure, reference numeral 83 denotes a cover 1 of the material input port 11.
A lid closing sensor 81 for detecting that the cover 2 has been closed receives a signal from the lid closing sensor 83 and supplies a current to the surface heater 70 and the rod-shaped heater 71 for a set time to generate heat to a set temperature. Is a motor energizing circuit that receives a signal from the lid closing sensor 83 and operates the drive motors 25 and 61 for a set time.
It is built in.

Next, the operation will be described. When the lid 12 of the raw material inlet 11 is opened and the raw material is supplied and the lid 12 is closed, this is detected by the lid closing sensor 83, and the surface heater 70 and the bar-shaped heater 71 are energized. At 250 ° C., the rod-shaped heater 71
While generating heat at 0 ° C. to 250 ° C., the drive motor 25 is energized to operate, and the helical screw 21 is rotated.

Then, the raw material is crushed at the bottom in the vacuum tank 10 by the helical screw 21 and is lifted upward by the helical screw 21. Thus, the raw material in the tank is stirred. At that time, the raw material is pressed against the tank wall surface by the helical screw 21 and heated, and is also heated by the helical screw 21 at the same time.

On the other hand, at the same time as the lid 12 is closed, the drive motor 61 is energized and operated, and the water pump 60 sucks the water in the water storage tank 50 through the water passage 40 and injects the water into the water storage tank 50. Negative pressure is generated at the connection portion of the air suction passage 30 and air containing odor, dust, and water vapor in the upper portion of the vacuum tank 10 is supplied to the air suction passage 3.
The water is sucked into the water storage tank 50 through the water passage 40 and the water passage 40, and a vacuum is formed in the vacuum tank 10.

Then, the raw material in the vacuum tank 10 evaporates at a low temperature, and the water contained in the raw material evaporates quickly and dries, and the air in the vacuum tank 10 contains water vapor, odor and dust. Sent into the tank 50,
Odor and dust are treated by microorganisms contained in the water in the tank, and clean air is released to the atmosphere from the exhaust port 51, while large dust and treated sludge settle at the bottom in the water storage tank 50. Is done.

Since the volume of the raw material in the vacuum tank 10 is reduced by drying, the lid 14 of the dried product outlet 13 may be taken out for a certain period of time, for example, about once every three days or once a week. At that time, the input raw material having a water content of 80% or more
If it is 0% or less, it can be handled without feeling dirty.

In addition, since nighttime power is inexpensive in normal life, the control box 80 can be set so that organic waste generated during the day can be dried by automatic operation at night.

FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment of the vacuum drying apparatus according to the present invention. In this example, the vacuum tank 10 is configured to be mounted obliquely above the water storage tank 50. With this configuration, it is possible to reduce the size of the vacuum drying apparatus.
In the case of 00 liters, up to 170 cm in height, 2 m in area
^It can be configured up to ² sizes (about one tatami mat) and can be installed in a small space.

FIG. 3 shows a third embodiment of the vacuum drying apparatus according to the present invention. In this example, a preferable structure when a large vacuum tank 10 is adopted is shown. The vacuum tank 10 is installed horizontally, and a ramp 91 for the passage of an operator is provided on the side thereof. Below the dried product outlet 13, a receiving cart 90 for dried products is turned upside down.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a first embodiment of a vacuum drying device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an external view showing a second embodiment of the vacuum drying device according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an external view showing a third embodiment of the vacuum drying device according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Vacuum tank 11 Raw material input port (input port) 12 Lid 13 Dry-product outlet (discharge port) 14 Lid 21 Rotation shaft 22 Helical screw 25 Drive motor 30 Air suction passage 40 Water passage 50 Water storage tank 60 Water pump 61 Drive motor 70 Planar heater (heating heater means) 71 Bar-shaped heater (heating heater means)

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code FI F26B 23/04 F26B 23/04 A

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A vacuum tank having a closed structure in which an inlet for charging a material to be dried is formed at an uppermost portion, and a discharge port for discharging the material to be dried is formed at a lowermost portion, provided in the vacuum tank. A stirring screw mechanism for stirring the object to be dried; a heating means provided at least on a wall surface of the vacuum tank for generating heat by energization to heat the object to be dried in the vacuum tank; A water passage, a water pump for pumping water in the water passage, and one end connected to the upper space in the vacuum tank, and the other end connected to the water pump downstream of the water passage, An air suction passage for sucking air containing at least odor, dust, and water vapor in the vacuum tank by pumping the water in the water passage to form a vacuum in the vacuum tank; Both ends are connected A water tank in which microorganisms capable of treating the odor and dust contained in the incoming air pumped together with the water in the water passage are added to the water. Drying equipment. 2. The stirring screw mechanism is provided so as to press the object to be dried against the wall surface of the vacuum tank to stir, and the heat generating heater means is also provided on a rotating shaft of the stirring screw mechanism. Item 7. A vacuum drying apparatus according to Item 1. 3. The vacuum drying apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said heating heater means is a surface heater provided so as to cover most of the wall surface of said vacuum tank. 4. The vacuum drying apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the vacuum tank is installed on the water storage tank at an angle. 5. A lid closing sensor for detecting that a lid of an inlet of the vacuum tank is closed, and a control device for receiving a signal from the lid closing sensor and operating the stirring screw mechanism and the water pump. The vacuum drying apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising: 6. The vacuum drying apparatus according to claim 1, wherein an end of the water passage on the side returning the water in the water passage to the water storage tank is tangentially connected to the water storage tank.