JPH11285976A - Alumina abrasive grains with regenerative cutting edge by self-partial-destruction, their manufacturing method, and grinding wheel using them - Google Patents
Alumina abrasive grains with regenerative cutting edge by self-partial-destruction, their manufacturing method, and grinding wheel using themInfo
- Publication number
- JPH11285976A JPH11285976A JP10089825A JP8982598A JPH11285976A JP H11285976 A JPH11285976 A JP H11285976A JP 10089825 A JP10089825 A JP 10089825A JP 8982598 A JP8982598 A JP 8982598A JP H11285976 A JPH11285976 A JP H11285976A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- alumina
- abrasive grains
- based particles
- self
- grinding
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Landscapes
- Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
- Compounds Of Alkaline-Earth Elements, Aluminum Or Rare-Earth Metals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、研削の技術分野に
属するものであり、特に研削砥石に用いられる砥粒及び
その製造方法に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention belongs to the technical field of grinding, and more particularly to an abrasive used for a grinding wheel and a method for producing the same.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術及び発明が解決しようとする課題】結合材
により砥粒を結合保持してなる研削砥石の研削性能を継
続させるためには、切刃としての切れ味の低下した砥粒
を周囲の結合材とともに脱落させ新規な砥粒を露出させ
ること（自生発刃）が必要であるとされている。このよ
うな自生発刃作用を高めるために、砥石の気孔率の設定
や結合材と砥粒との組合せの選択などがなされている。2. Description of the Related Art In order to maintain the grinding performance of a grinding wheel in which abrasive grains are bonded and held by a bonding material, abrasive grains having reduced sharpness as cutting edges are bonded to surrounding areas. It is said that it is necessary to drop the material together with the material to expose new abrasive grains (self-generated blades). In order to enhance such self-generated blade action, setting of porosity of a grindstone, selection of a combination of a binder and abrasive grains, and the like are performed.
【０００３】自生発刃作用を高めるための砥粒自体につ
いての改善もなされており、そのうちの一例として、砥
粒の表面にコーティング処理を施すことで砥石の研磨面
からの砥粒の脱落性を高めることが提案されている（特
開昭６１−８６１８０号公報）。[0003] Improvements have also been made to the abrasive grains themselves to enhance the self-generated cutting action. As one example, by applying a coating treatment to the surface of the abrasive grains, the ability of the abrasive grains to fall off from the polished surface of the grindstone is improved. It has been proposed to increase it (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 61-86180).
【０００４】しかしながら、この従来技術によれば、砥
石の切れ味を向上させることは可能であるが、砥粒の脱
落自体を促進させるので、研削比の向上が困難であると
いう難点がある。[0004] However, according to this conventional technique, it is possible to improve the sharpness of the grindstone, but there is a drawback that it is difficult to improve the grinding ratio because the removal of the abrasive grains itself is promoted.
【０００５】そこで、本発明は、上記従来技術の問題点
を解決し、砥石の切れ味とその持続性との双方を良好に
することで研削比が高く研削性能の良好な砥石を可能と
なす砥粒を提供することを目的とするものである。Accordingly, the present invention solves the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and improves the sharpness of a grinding wheel and its durability, thereby making it possible to provide a grinding wheel having a high grinding ratio and good grinding performance. It is intended to provide grains.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明によれば、以上の
如き目的を達成するものとして、アルミナ系粒子に対し
てマイクロクラックを生じやすくする処理を施すことを
特徴とする、自己の部分破壊による切刃再生の可能なア
ルミナ砥粒の製造方法、が提供される。According to the present invention, there is provided a method for achieving the above object, which comprises subjecting alumina-based particles to a treatment for easily causing microcracks. And a method for producing alumina abrasive grains capable of regenerating the cutting edge.
【０００７】本発明の一態様においては、前記マイクロ
クラックを生じやすくする処理は前記アルミナ系粒子の
内部応力を増大させる処理である。[0007] In one embodiment of the present invention, the treatment for easily causing microcracks is a treatment for increasing the internal stress of the alumina-based particles.
【０００８】本発明の一態様においては、前記マイクロ
クラックを生じやすくする処理は、前記アルミナ系粒子
を５００℃以上で該アルミナ系粒子の融点未満の温度に
加熱する加熱工程と、その後に０℃以上１００℃以下に
急冷する急冷工程とを含むものである。[0008] In one embodiment of the present invention, the treatment for facilitating the formation of microcracks includes a heating step of heating the alumina-based particles to a temperature of 500 ° C. or higher and lower than the melting point of the alumina-based particles, and then a 0 ° C. And a rapid cooling step of rapidly cooling to 100 ° C. or lower.
【０００９】本発明の一態様においては、前記加熱工程
はｐＨ７〜１０の雰囲気下で行われ、前記急冷工程はｐ
Ｈ４〜６の弱酸性溶液中への浸漬により行われる。In one embodiment of the present invention, the heating step is performed in an atmosphere having a pH of 7 to 10, and the quenching step is performed at p.
This is performed by immersion in a weakly acidic solution of H4-6.
【００１０】本発明の一態様においては、前記アルミナ
系粒子は単結晶である。In one embodiment of the present invention, the alumina-based particles are a single crystal.
【００１１】本発明によれば、以上のような製造方法に
より得られた自己の部分破壊による切刃再生の可能なア
ルミナ砥粒、及び、該砥粒を結合材により結合してなる
研削砥石、が提供される。According to the present invention, there is provided an alumina abrasive grain obtained by the above-described manufacturing method and capable of regenerating the cutting edge by its own partial destruction, and a grinding wheel obtained by bonding the abrasive grain with a binder. Is provided.
【００１２】[0012]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の実施の形態を説明
する。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below.
【００１３】本発明で砥粒の原料として使用されるアル
ミナ系粒子としては、例えばＪＩＳ−Ｒ６１１１に規定
されているような、かっ色アルミナ質研削材（Ａ）、白
色アルミナ質研削材（ＷＡ）、淡紅色アルミナ質研削材
（ＰＡ）、解砕型アルミナ質研削材（ＨＡ）、及び人造
エメリー研削材（ＡＥ）などのアルミナ質研削材を用い
ることができる。本発明の目的のためには、特に単結晶
からなる解砕型アルミナ質研削材（ＨＡ）が好適であ
る。The alumina-based particles used as a raw material for abrasive grains in the present invention include, for example, brown alumina-based abrasive (A) and white alumina-based abrasive (WA) as defined in JIS-R6111. Alumina abrasives such as light red alumina abrasive (PA), crushed alumina abrasive (HA), and artificial emery abrasive (AE) can be used. For the purpose of the present invention, a crushed alumina abrasive (HA) made of a single crystal is particularly suitable.
【００１４】アルミナ系粒子の粒度は、特に制限がな
く、従来研削砥石において砥粒として使用されている粒
度（例えば＃８〜＃３０００）のものは使用可能であ
る。The particle size of the alumina-based particles is not particularly limited, and those having a particle size (eg, # 8 to # 3000) conventionally used as an abrasive in a grinding wheel can be used.
【００１５】本発明のマイクロクラックを生じやすくす
る処理の一例として、アルミナ系粒子を５００℃以上に
加熱した後に急冷する方法がある。As an example of the process of the present invention for easily generating microcracks, there is a method in which alumina-based particles are heated to 500 ° C. or higher and then rapidly cooled.
【００１６】５００℃以上に加熱する加熱工程は、ｐＨ
７〜１０の弱アルカリ性雰囲気下で行うことが好まし
く、特にｐＨ８〜９の雰囲気が好ましい。雰囲気のｐＨ
が酸性側の方へと移行するに従い、加熱工程でアルミナ
系粒子の表面にクラックが生じ易くなり、得られる砥粒
の強度が低下する傾向にある。また、ｐＨを強アルカリ
性側の方へと移行させるに従い、処理操作が面倒になり
コスト高となる傾向にある。この雰囲気のｐＨ調整は、
例えばＮａＯＨやＫＯＨなどのアルカリ溶液を蒸発させ
ることで形成することができる。この加熱工程の加熱温
度は、アルミナ系粒子の融点未満とする。In the heating step of heating to 500 ° C. or more, pH
It is preferably performed in a weakly alkaline atmosphere of 7 to 10, particularly preferably in an atmosphere of pH 8 to 9. Atmospheric pH
As the particles move toward the acidic side, cracks tend to occur on the surface of the alumina-based particles in the heating step, and the strength of the obtained abrasive grains tends to decrease. Further, as the pH is shifted to the strongly alkaline side, the treatment operation tends to become more complicated and cost tends to increase. PH adjustment of this atmosphere
For example, it can be formed by evaporating an alkaline solution such as NaOH or KOH. The heating temperature in this heating step is lower than the melting point of the alumina-based particles.
【００１７】以上のような加熱工程後に急冷する急冷工
程は、ｐＨ４〜６の弱酸性溶液中への浸漬により行うこ
とが好ましく、特にｐＨ４．５〜５．５が好ましい。弱
酸性溶液を用いるのは、加熱工程でアルミナ系粒子の表
面に付着したアルカリを中和するためであり、この溶液
のｐＨをアルカリ性側の方へと移行させるに従い、中和
機能が低下する傾向にある。また、溶液のｐＨを強酸性
側の方へと移行させるに従い、中和を越えてアルミナ系
粒子の表面に酸が付着し更に処理操作が面倒になりコス
ト高となる傾向にある。この弱酸性溶液としては、例え
ばＨＣｌやＨＮＯ3 やＣａＣｌ2 などの水溶液を用いる
ことができる。この急冷工程では、アルミナ系粒子を１
００℃以下に冷却する。冷却温度の下限は弱酸性溶液の
凝固点以上（例えば０℃以下）とする。The quenching step of quenching after the heating step as described above is preferably carried out by immersion in a weakly acidic solution having a pH of 4 to 6, particularly preferably a pH of 4.5 to 5.5. The reason for using the weakly acidic solution is to neutralize the alkali adhering to the surface of the alumina-based particles in the heating step. As the pH of this solution is shifted toward the alkaline side, the neutralization function tends to decrease. It is in. In addition, as the pH of the solution is shifted toward the strongly acidic side, the acid is attached to the surface of the alumina-based particles beyond neutralization, and the treatment operation tends to be more troublesome, which tends to increase the cost. As this weakly acidic solution, for example, an aqueous solution of HCl, HNO 3 , CaCl 2 or the like can be used. In this quenching step, the alumina-based particles
Cool below 00 ° C. The lower limit of the cooling temperature is higher than the freezing point of the weakly acidic solution (for example, 0 ° C. or lower).
【００１８】この急冷により、アルミナ系粒子には内部
応力が発生し又はアルミナ系粒子の内部応力が増大す
る。急冷後のアルミナ系粒子の内部応力の大きさは、外
力が印加されない場合には粒子にマイクロクラックを生
じさせることのない程度の大きさである。Due to this quenching, internal stress is generated in the alumina-based particles or the internal stress of the alumina-based particles is increased. The magnitude of the internal stress of the quenched alumina-based particles is such that microcracks do not occur in the particles when no external force is applied.
【００１９】以上のような工程で得られた砥粒を用いた
研削砥石の模式的部分断面図を図１に示す。図１におい
て、（ａ）は研削加工開始直後の状態を示し、（ｂ）は
研削加工を繰り返した後の状態を示す。図１において、
符号２は砥粒を示し、符号４は結合材を示し、符号６は
気孔を示す。結合材４としては、例えばＳｉＯ2 及びＡ
ｌ2 Ｏ3 を含み更にＭｇＯ，ＣａＯ，Ｋ 2Ｏその他の成
分のうちのいくつかを含むビトリファイド結合材を用い
ることができる。FIG. 1 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a grinding wheel using the abrasive grains obtained in the above steps. In FIG. 1, (a) shows a state immediately after the start of the grinding, and (b) shows a state after the grinding is repeated. In FIG.
Reference numeral 2 indicates abrasive grains, reference numeral 4 indicates a binder, and reference numeral 6 indicates pores. Examples of the binder 4 include SiO 2 and A
Vitrified binders containing l 2 O 3 and further containing some of MgO, CaO, K 2 O and other components can be used.
【００２０】この研削砥石を用いて研削する際には、研
削の進行とともに、砥石の研削面に露出せる砥粒２の表
面が次第に摩滅して切れ味が低下し、抵抗が大きくな
る。砥粒２には相当の内部応力が存在し歪みを生じてい
るので、更に研削抵抗が大きくなろうとする際に砥粒に
追加される外力が増加した場合には、砥粒の露出表面に
マイクロクラックが発生し、図１（ｂ）に示すように、
ここから砥粒の一部（摩滅表面を有する先端部）８が破
砕除去される。これにより、当該砥粒の残りの部分の露
出表面には破砕により新たな鋭敏な切刃１０が生じてい
るので、研削抵抗が増加することなく切れ味の良い研削
を継続できる。しかも、砥粒が自己の部分破壊により切
刃再生をするので、砥粒を有効に利用でき、砥石の損耗
が少なく、研削比を飛躍的に向上させることができる。When grinding with this grinding wheel, as the grinding proceeds, the surface of the abrasive grains 2 exposed on the grinding surface of the grinding wheel gradually wears, the sharpness decreases, and the resistance increases. Since the abrasive grains 2 have considerable internal stress and are distorted, if the external force added to the abrasive grains increases when the grinding resistance is further increased, the micro-particles may be applied to the exposed surfaces of the abrasive grains. Cracks occur, and as shown in FIG.
From here, part of the abrasive grains (the tip having a worn surface) 8 is crushed and removed. As a result, a new sharp cutting edge 10 is generated by crushing on the exposed surface of the remaining portion of the abrasive grains, so that sharp grinding can be continued without increasing the grinding resistance. In addition, since the abrasive grains regenerate the cutting edge by their own partial destruction, the abrasive grains can be used effectively, the wear of the grindstone is small, and the grinding ratio can be greatly improved.
【００２１】また、以上のような砥粒を用いて形成され
た砥石は、ドレッシングの際の抵抗が少ないという利点
もある。Further, the grinding stone formed by using the above-mentioned abrasive grains has an advantage that resistance during dressing is small.
【００２２】以下に、本発明の実施例を示す。An embodiment of the present invention will be described below.
【００２３】実施例：解砕型アルミナ質研削材（Ｈ
Ａ）：粒度＃８０を、ｐＨ８の雰囲気下で６００℃に加
熱し、次いで１５℃のｐＨ５のＨＣｌ水溶液中に浸漬し
た。 Example : Crushed alumina abrasive (H
A): Particle size # 80 was heated to 600 ° C. in an atmosphere of pH 8 and then immersed in an aqueous HCl solution of pH 5 at 15 ° C.
【００２４】かくして得られた本発明による砥粒を、ビ
トリファイド結合材（ＳｉＯ2 ＝７０重量％；Ａｌ2 Ｏ
3 ＝１７重量％；ＭｇＯ＝３重量％；その他１０重量
％）と混合してホイール形状にプレス成形し１２５０℃
で焼成することにより、ビトリファイド砥石を作製し
た。The thus obtained abrasive grains according to the present invention were treated with a vitrified binder (SiO 2 = 70% by weight; Al 2 O
3 = 17% by weight; MgO = 3% by weight; other 10% by weight) and press-molded into a wheel shape, and 1250 ° C.
Then, a vitrified grindstone was produced by firing.
【００２５】比較例：実施例１で使用した解砕型アルミ
ナ質研削材からなる砥粒を、実施例１で使用したビトリ
ファイド結合材と混合し、実施例１と同様にしてホイー
ル形状にプレス成形し１２５０℃で焼成することによ
り、ビトリファイド砥石を作製した。 Comparative Example : Abrasive grains composed of the crushed alumina-based abrasive used in Example 1 were mixed with the vitrified binder used in Example 1, and pressed into a wheel shape in the same manner as in Example 1. By firing at 1250 ° C., a vitrified grindstone was manufactured.
【００２６】加工例：以上の実施例及び比較例で得られ
たビトリファイド砥石を用いて、鋼材（ＳＵＪ焼入）の
表面を研削加工した。テーブル送り速度を１５ｍ／分と
し、砥石の周速を２０００ｍ／分とし、設定切込量を１
パス当たり２０μｍとして加工した。 Working Example : The surface of a steel material (SUJ quenched) was ground using the vitrified grindstones obtained in the above Examples and Comparative Examples. The table feed speed is 15 m / min, the peripheral speed of the grindstone is 2000 m / min, and the set depth of cut is 1
Processing was performed at 20 μm per pass.
【００２７】その結果、研削比は、比較例のものを１と
した場合、本発明実施例のものでは、１．８１と極めて
大きな値を示した。As a result, when the grinding ratio was set to 1 in the comparative example, the grinding ratio in the embodiment of the present invention was extremely large at 1.81.
【００２８】[0028]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように、本発明によれば、
研削比が高く研削性能の良好な研削砥石及びそれに用い
る砥粒が提供される。As described above, according to the present invention,
A grinding wheel having a high grinding ratio and good grinding performance and abrasive grains used therefor are provided.
【図１】本発明による砥粒を用いた研削砥石の模式的部
分断面図である。FIG. 1 is a schematic partial sectional view of a grinding wheel using abrasive grains according to the present invention.
２ 砥粒 ４ 結合材 ６ 気孔 2 abrasive grains 4 binder 6 pores
Claims (7)
クを生じやすくする処理を施すことを特徴とする、自己
の部分破壊による切刃再生の可能なアルミナ砥粒の製造
方法。1. A method for producing alumina abrasive grains capable of regenerating a cutting blade by self-partial destruction, wherein the alumina-based particles are subjected to a treatment for easily causing microcracks.
処理は前記アルミナ系粒子の内部応力を増大させる処理
であることを特徴とする、請求項１に記載のアルミナ砥
粒の製造方法。2. The method for producing alumina abrasive grains according to claim 1, wherein the treatment for easily generating microcracks is a treatment for increasing the internal stress of the alumina-based particles.
処理は、前記アルミナ系粒子を５００℃以上で該アルミ
ナ系粒子の融点未満の温度に加熱する加熱工程と、その
後に０℃以上１００℃以下に急冷する急冷工程とを含む
ものであることを特徴とする、請求項１〜２のいずれか
に記載のアルミナ砥粒の製造方法。3. The treatment for easily generating microcracks includes a heating step of heating the alumina-based particles to a temperature of 500 ° C. or more and less than the melting point of the alumina-based particles, and then quenching to 0 ° C. or more and 100 ° C. or less. The method for producing alumina abrasive grains according to any one of claims 1 to 2, further comprising a quenching step.
で行われ、前記急冷工程はｐＨ４〜６の弱酸性溶液中へ
の浸漬により行われることを特徴とする、請求項３に記
載のアルミナ砥粒の製造方法。4. The alumina according to claim 3, wherein the heating step is performed in an atmosphere having a pH of 7 to 10, and the quenching step is performed by immersion in a weakly acidic solution having a pH of 4 to 6. A method for manufacturing abrasive grains.
を特徴とする、請求項１〜４のいずれかに記載のアルミ
ナ砥粒の製造方法。5. The method for producing alumina abrasive grains according to claim 1, wherein said alumina-based particles are a single crystal.
法により得られた自己の部分破壊による切刃再生の可能
なアルミナ砥粒。6. Alumina abrasive grains obtained by the production method according to any one of claims 1 to 5 and capable of regenerating a cutting edge by self-destruction.
切刃再生の可能なアルミナ砥粒を結合材により結合して
なる研削砥石。7. A grinding whetstone obtained by bonding the alumina abrasive grains capable of regenerating the cutting edge by self-partial destruction according to claim 6 with a bonding material.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP08982598A JP4136060B2 (en) | 1998-04-02 | 1998-04-02 | Alumina abrasive grains capable of regenerating cutting edge by partial fracture of self, method for producing the same, and grinding wheel using the same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP08982598A JP4136060B2 (en) | 1998-04-02 | 1998-04-02 | Alumina abrasive grains capable of regenerating cutting edge by partial fracture of self, method for producing the same, and grinding wheel using the same |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH11285976A true JPH11285976A (en) | 1999-10-19 |
| JP4136060B2 JP4136060B2 (en) | 2008-08-20 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| JP08982598A Expired - Lifetime JP4136060B2 (en) | 1998-04-02 | 1998-04-02 | Alumina abrasive grains capable of regenerating cutting edge by partial fracture of self, method for producing the same, and grinding wheel using the same |
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| CN105328586A (en) * | 2015-10-09 | 2016-02-17 | 芜湖市鸿坤汽车零部件有限公司 | Composite calcium-based resin grinding wheel and manufacturing method thereof |
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