JPH11253889A - Method and device for recovering metal from solid waste - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To recover ferrous metal and aluminum material, and also to enable recovering nonferrous metal such as copper, and lead-zinc in such a shape that it can be introduced into a smelting process by subjecting solid waste to physical sorting from coarse particle groups to fine particle groups while restraining nonmetal such as ceramics from being incorporated. SOLUTION: It this device, solid waste is preferably sorted into 30 mm oversize and 30 mm undersize by a preliminary screen, and the 30 mm undersize is pulverized, and further the pulverized 30 mm undersize is sorted into 2 mm oversize and 2 mm undersize by a vibrating screen, and sorting means are changed according to particle size, shape, and the like. That is, for example, by utilizing magnetic property, ferrous metal is recovered, by utilizing a difference in shape, copper-base metal is recovered, by electrical property, aluminum- base material is recovered, and by utilizing a difference in specific density, lead-copper-base nonferrous metal and nonmetal such as ceramics are separated. In this way, physical sorting is performed in such a shape that the objects each are concentrated, and further, sorting of fine powdery material is performed in a water medium system.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for recovering metal from solid waste, and more particularly to a method for recovering metal contained in solid waste of fine particles such as shredder dust.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Solid wastes such as automobiles, household electric appliances, and construction waste materials are classified into various materials, such as ferrous metals, non-ferrous metals, plastics, and ceramics. These various materials are also joined and composited in various forms. Attempts have been made to recover metals that are relatively easy to recycle by physical sorting of shredder dust and sorting residues obtained by subjecting solid waste made of such members to shredder treatment.

[0003] For example, shredder dust and sorting residue are subjected to a magnetic separator to separate iron-based metal into dust other than iron-based metal. It is classified into base metals and non-metals. In addition, we incinerate shredder dust,
As a method of treating the incinerated ash, a method of crushing the incinerated ash with a press crusher, flattening the contained metal, and collecting a metal component by a wind separation, a magnetic separation, or a non-ferrous metal separator is a special feature. It is disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 9-75853.

[0004]

However, according to the conventional separation method, solid waste having very fine particles such as shredder dust is classified into metals and nonmetals, especially nonferrous metals and nonmetals. The efficiency of the treatment is very low because plastics occupy most of the volume, and the metal recovery has not been realized from the viewpoint of cost. Therefore, the recovery of metal as a resource is almost limited to coarse particles, and fine particles such as shredder dust are directly buried in a managed landfill site despite containing iron and non-ferrous metals. Has not been recycled at all.

[0005] In view of the above situation, the present invention provides a
After crushing solid waste such as waste home appliances, construction waste or their incineration ash, physical sorting is used to remove copper and lead-zinc-based non-ferrous metal materials from coarse particles to fine particles such as shredder dust. Separate ferrous metal materials and other non-metallic materials to recover ferrous metal materials, and in particular, recover non-ferrous metal materials such as copper and lead-zinc in a state where they can be directly introduced into the smelting process. The aim is to achieve efficient resource recycling.

[0006]

Means for Solving the Problems To achieve the above object, the present invention provides (1) a step of crushing or pulverizing solid waste and sieving it with a sieve; And (3) recovering weak magnetic particles such as stainless steel from the residue after collecting the magnetic particles of (2) above. And (4) recovering copper and aluminum product granules from the residue after recovering the weak magnetic material granules of (3), and (5) copper and aluminum product granules of (4). Recovering the flat non-ferrous metal particles from the residue after collecting the body; and (6) removing the residue after recovering the non-ferrous metal particles of the above (5) into metal particles and non-metal particles. (7) a step of collecting magnetically attached particles of an iron-based metal from the undersize particles of the sieve of (1), and (8)
(7) a step of separating and collecting the residue after collecting the magnetically attached powder particles into non-ferrous metal powder particles and non-metal powder particles, and recovering the metal from the solid waste. Provide a way.

Further, the present invention provides (1) a step of crushing or pulverizing solid waste and sieving it with a sieve, and (2) a magnetically attached granular material comprising an iron-based metal from the sieve on the sieve. Collecting the
(3) a step of collecting weak magnetic particles such as stainless steel from the residue after collecting the magnetic particles of (2); (4)
(3) recovering the flat non-ferrous metal particles from the residue after collecting the weak magnetic material particles, and (5) from the residue after collecting the non-ferrous metal particles of the above (4). A step of collecting copper and aluminum product granules, and (6) a step of separating and collecting the residue after collecting the copper and aluminum product granules of the above (5) into metal granules and non-metal granules. (7) a step of recovering the magnetically-attached powder of iron-based metal from the under-sieved powder of the sieve of (1); and (8) a step of recovering the magnetically-coated powder of (7). Separating and collecting non-ferrous metal particles and non-metallic particles from the solid waste.

According to the present invention, the sieve has a sieve of 1 to 5 mm.
And a method for recovering metal from solid waste, characterized in that the sieve is a sieve having a mesh size of 2 mm.

Further, the present invention provides (1) a pulverizer for crushing or pulverizing solid waste, (2) a vibrating sieve for sieving the powder obtained by the pulverizer, (3) A paramagnetic force magnetic separator for separating and collecting the magnetically attached particles from the on-screen particles of the vibrating sieve; and (4) a stainless steel or the like from the residue obtained after collecting the magnetically attached particles of (3). (5) a vortex for separating and recovering copper and aluminum product particles from the residue obtained after recovering the weak magnetic material particles of (4) above; A current separator, (6) a shape separator that separates and collects flat non-ferrous metal particles from the residue after collecting the copper and aluminum product particles of (5), and (7) the ( 6)
A jig sorter that separates and collects the residue after recovering the non-ferrous metal particles of metal particles and non-metal particles, (8) the (2)
A wet-type magnetic separator for separating and recovering the undersize particles of the vibrating sieve according to (9), And a swinging table that separates and collects the non-metallic powder and granular material as a lightweight material.

The present invention also provides (1) a pulverizer for crushing or pulverizing solid waste, (2) a vibrating sieve for sieving the powder obtained by the pulverizer, and (3) a vibrating sieve. A paramagnetic separator which separates and collects the magnetically attached particles from the on-screen particles of the vibrating screen, and (4)
(5) a high magnetic force magnetic separator for separating and collecting a weak magnetic material such as stainless steel from the residue after collecting the magnetically attached particles of (3); and (5) a weak magnetic material of (4). A shape separator for separating and collecting flat non-ferrous metal particles from the residue after collecting the body, and (6) copper and aluminum from the residue after collecting the non-ferrous metal particles of (5) above. An eddy current sorter for separating and recovering product granules, and (7) separating and recovering the residue obtained after recovering the copper and aluminum product granules in (6) above into metal particles and non-metal particles. (8) a wet-type magnetic separator that separates and collects the magnetically-coated particles from the undersize particles of the vibrating sieve of (2), and (9) the magnetically-coated powder of (8). A solid table comprising: a rocking table that separates and collects non-ferrous metal particles as a heavy material and non-metal particles as a lightweight material after collecting the granules. To provide a metal recovery apparatus from wastes.

[0011] The present invention also provides that the vibrating sieve has a mesh size of 1 to 5;
The present invention provides a metal recovery device from solid waste, characterized by being a vibrating sieve having a diameter of 2 mm, and a device for recovering metal from solid waste, wherein the vibrating sieve is a vibrating sieve having a mesh size of 2 mm. I do.

[0012]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Solid waste such as waste automobiles, waste home appliances, construction waste, and incinerated ash thereof are made of ferrous metals,
It contains non-ferrous metals and non-metals in a very wide particle size distribution, from lumps to very fine particles such as dust dust.

In the present invention, the above-mentioned solid waste of a very wide particle group, preferably, a sieve residue obtained by sieving the solid waste with a preliminary sieve, is targeted. Pulverizing, further separating by a sieve into upper sieve granules and lower sieve granules, selecting a sorting means according to particle size, and proceeding with physical separation and concentration, thereby increasing the extraction rate of metals, especially non-ferrous metals. Can be.

That is, in the on-screen particles of the sieve, iron-based metal is utilized by utilizing magnetic properties, aluminum-based and / or copper-based metal is utilized by utilizing electrical properties, and the difference in shape is utilized. To collect copper-based metal and / or stainless steel, and to separate non-ferrous metal such as lead / zinc and non-metals such as glass / ceramics using difference in specific gravity. In the above, iron-based metals are separated into non-ferrous metals such as copper and non-metals such as glass using a difference in specific gravity using magnetic properties.

The preliminary sieve is for preventing troubles in the subsequent steps. The sieve mesh is preferably 20 to 50 mm, more preferably 30 mm, assuming generally used equipment. is there.

Hereinafter, referring to a flow sheet showing a process of recovering metal from solid waste shown in FIG. 1, the present invention is applied to incineration residue obtained by incinerating shredder dust as solid waste by a rotary kiln. The embodiment will be described.

Although the incineration residue of shredder dust may contain a relatively large amount of iron, it is sieved through a hopper.
By feeding the pre-vibration sieve of 0 mm, the total amount of 10
% Or less, and a 30 mm or less undersize residue, which accounts for 90% or more, can be obtained.

Since there are many 30 mm sieve residues on the iron-based metal plain or almost plain, the residue is supplied to a suspended magnetic separator with a normal magnetic force, and the iron-based metal residue mainly composed of iron and copper It is separated from non-magnetic adhesion residue by non-ferrous metals including others. The magnetically attached residue is recovered as iron scrap and supplied to the market, and the copper-based material for the smelting process can be easily recovered from the non-magnetically attached residue by manual selection.

Iron, copper, aluminum, etc., are mixed in the 30 mm sieve residue in a complex manner. However, a long iron piece may pass through the 30 mm vibrating sieve and cause troubles in the next and subsequent steps. After passing through a hanging magnetic separator (not shown in FIG. 1), the mixture is supplied to a pulverizer such as a ball mill and pulverized, and supplied to a vibrating sieve such as a vibrating sieve having a sieve of 2 mm to be separated. 2
The particles on the mm sieve contain a large amount of iron and copper, and the magnetized particles, which are mostly iron-based metals, are separated and recovered by a paramagnetic force magnetic separator.

Next, the residue after the magnetic particles are recovered, that is, non-magnetic particles, are supplied to a high magnetic force magnetic separator having a magnetic force of 6000 to 7000 gauss to separate weak magnetic particles such as stainless steel. to recover.

The residue after the recovery of the particles of the weak magnetic material, that is, the non-weak magnetic particles, is supplied to an eddy current sorter, and the magnetic repulsion by the eddy current causes the aluminum-based material having a small specific gravity to contain other copper-based metals. The conductive copper / aluminum product granules also containing and can be separated and recovered.

Further, the residue obtained after collecting the copper / aluminum product granules, ie, the non-copper / aluminum product granules, was subjected to a shape separator, and did not magnetically adhere to the copper-based metal and the high magnetic force magnetic separator. Flat non-ferrous metal particles including stainless steel are separated and recovered, and can be supplied as a mixed raw material to the copper smelting process. The shape separator separates particles by a difference in specific gravity, a difference in shape, and a difference in friction based on the shape of the particles during the conveyance by a belt conveyor that conveys the particles at an angle of 0 to 40 °.

Next, the residue, that is, the non-flat metal particles are introduced into a metal jig sorter in which a rising water flow is flown in a vertical cylinder, so that the non-metals mainly composed of glass / ceramics are utilized by utilizing the specific gravity difference. In addition, metal particles that have not been separated can be separated and collected. The metal particles contain copper, lead and zinc and are sent to the smelting process.

The order from the eddy current selection step to the shape separation step is effective when a large amount of flat stainless steel not magnetized is contained, and is used when it is desired to remove stainless steel from copper / aluminum product granules as much as possible. If necessary, copper and aluminum are separated by a method utilizing a difference in specific gravity in a later step.

Conversely, if the stainless steel is contained in a negligibly small amount, the order of the eddy current sorter and the shape separator in the above two steps is changed so that the non-weak state after the recovery of the weak magnetic material particles is obtained. This is a process in which copper particles are mainly recovered from the magnetic particles by a shape separator, and subsequently supplied to an eddy current sorter to recover aluminum particles. Therefore, in this case, there is no need to separate copper and aluminum in a later step.

On the other hand, the 2 mm sub-sieve powder in the above-mentioned 2 mm vibrating sieve or the like occupies most of the incineration residue, but contains copper, lead, zinc, aluminum and the like as components. I have. The 2 mm undersize sieve powder contains a large amount of fine powder, and contains water in a pulverizer, vibrating sieve, or the like in the previous process, so that an aqueous medium process is used. In addition, this aqueous medium method is also advantageous in processing when the processing amount is large. That is, the 2 mm sieve powder is first supplied to a wet magnetic separator to perform magnetic separation. Although the amount of the magnetically-attached powder containing iron-based metal by this wet magnetic separator is small, the residue, that is, the non-magnetically-attached powder is further separated by a spiral classifier (Ekins).
And classified into relatively heavy coarse particles and relatively light fine particles. The coarse powder granulated by the screw in the spiral classifier is continuously supplied to the swinging table.

The oscillating table performs a specific gravity difference sorting by oscillating the table by supplying water to the introduced coarse particles, and the oscillating table uses a non-ferrous metal mainly composed of copper as a heavy material. Granules can be collected. In addition, the fine powder and granular material derived from the spiral classifier by the supply water is supplied to a liquid cyclone, and the heavy powder and granular material extracted from the bottom of the liquid cyclone together with the coarse powder and granular material from the spiral classifier. Supply to swing table.

The non-metallic powder separated from the rocking table as a lightweight material is further supplied to a sedimentation tank and then recovered as a sediment. This precipitate is mainly composed of non-metallic materials such as glass and ceramics, and is unsuitable for metal recovery, and accumulates in a controlled final disposal site. The overflow water from the sedimentation tank is introduced into the cone tank together with the suspended particulate stream from the hydrocyclone, and the precipitate is collected by filtration using a filter press. Accumulate at the disposal site. The separated water from the cone tank and the filter press is recycled. In the solid-liquid separation using only the cone tank, the cone tank is likely to be clogged with solids. Therefore, it is desirable to provide a sedimentation tank in the previous stage to remove large solids in advance.

That is, according to the method for recovering metal from solid waste of the present invention, even in a fine particle group such as shredder dust, an iron-based metal, that is, a magnetic substance powder is recovered from an incineration residue, and aluminum is removed. Aluminum slag containing a high proportion of non-ferrous metal powder, which is enriched with copper, lead and zinc so that it can be introduced into the non-ferrous smelting process Can be separated.

[0030]

EXAMPLES The incineration residue obtained by incinerating shredder dust in a rotary kiln was treated according to the method and apparatus of the flow sheet shown in FIG. 1, and the distribution of metals and the state of recovery were investigated.

That is, the incineration residue of the car shredder dust having the components shown in Table 2 was supplied to a preliminary vibrating sieve having a sieve of 30 mm and sieved. Next, 170 mm for the 30 mm sieve residue
The suspended magnetic separator having a magnetic force of 0 gauss was used to separate magnetically adhered and non-magnetically attached materials. The 30 mm sieve residue is not shown in FIG.
After supplying the suspension to a 00-gauss hanging magnetic separator, it was further pulverized by a pulverizer, that is, a ball mill, and the powder was sieved with a vibrating sieve having a sieve of 2 mm. The 2 mm sieved granules, that is, 2 to 30 mm granules, were subjected to a 2700 gauss paramagnetic force magnetic separator to collect magnetized particles.

Further, the residue, that is, the non-magnetically attached particles are supplied to a 6500 gauss high magnetic force magnetic separator, and the weak magnetic particles are collected.
It was put into a Gaussian eddy current separator, and the conductive copper and aluminum product particles were collected. Further, the residue, that is, non-copper / aluminum product granules were applied to a shape separator, and flat metal granules having a high copper content were recovered from the difference in shape. The residue, that is, the non-flat metal particles were further supplied to a metal jig sorter to separate and collect the metal particles and non-metal particles such as glass and ceramics socks.

The 2 mm sieved powder was supplied to a 1500-gauss wet-type magnetic separator to collect the magnetically-coated powder. The separated residue, that is, the non-magnetically attached particles were supplied to a spiral classifier, and the coarse particles from the spiral classifier were supplied to a rocking table. The coarse powder obtained from the spiral classifier via the liquid cyclone was also supplied to the rocking table. While recovering the non-ferrous metal powder as a heavy material from the rocking table, the non-metal powder collected as a lightweight from the rocking table is introduced into a sedimentation tank to obtain a non-metallic precipitate such as glass as a precipitate, Non-metallic powders such as glass are obtained as a filter cake by settling / filtration of the overflow from the sedimentation tank and the suspended particulates from the liquid cyclone through a cone tank to a filter press. Was.

Copper, lead, zinc,
The analytical values of iron and aluminum are shown in Table 1.

[0035]

[Table 1] Further, when the treatment amount of the incineration residue is assumed to be 100%, the amount distribution ratio in each collected material and the component amount of the incineration residue are 100%.
Table 2 shows the component distribution ratios in each of the collected materials in the case of the above.

[0036]

[Table 2] That is, non-metals such as glass and ceramics, which were mixed in the incineration residue and hindered extraction of useful metals, were separated in a concentrated form at a ratio of about 76% of the treatment residue, and the iron with nickel, chromium or cobalt was separated. To about 6% of the iron-based metal containing 73 to 83% of
% Of aluminum slag containing about 1% of the processing residue is recovered and supplied to the market as scrap, while copper is 23 to 55%, lead is 0.2 to 2%, and zinc is 2 to 2%.
The nonferrous metal material contained in about 6% and capable of being introduced into the nonferrous smelting process could be recovered in about 15% of the processing residue.

[0037]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, iron-based metal materials and aluminum-based metal materials are recovered from solid wastes by performing non-metals concentration and separation by physical separation. In addition, it is possible to provide an efficient treatment method capable of recovering and recycling copper-based and lead-zinc-based non-ferrous metal materials in such a form that they can be introduced into a smelting process, and an apparatus therefor.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a flow sheet showing a process for recovering metal from solid waste according to the present invention.

Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Hisashi Sasaki 1-8-2 Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Dowa Mining Co., Ltd.

Claims (8)

[Claims] (1) a step of crushing or pulverizing solid waste and sieving it with a sieve; and (2) a step of collecting magnetically attached particles made of iron-based metal from the on-screen particles of the sieve. And (3) a step of collecting a weak magnetic material such as stainless steel from the residue after collecting the magnetically attached material of (2); and (4) a weak magnetic material of (3). Recovering copper and aluminum product granules from the residue after recovering, and (5) removing flat non-ferrous metal particles from the residue after collecting the copper and aluminum product granules of (4). (6) a step of separating and collecting the residue after collecting the non-ferrous metal particles of the above (5) into metal particles and non-metal particles, and (7) a sieve of the above (1). Recovering the magnetically attached powder of iron-based metal from the undersize powder, (8)
(7) separating and collecting non-ferrous metal particles and non-metal particles after collecting the magnetically attached particles of (7), and recovering the metal from solid waste. . And (2) a step of crushing or pulverizing the solid waste and sieving it with a sieve, and (2) a step of collecting magnetically attached particles made of an iron-based metal from the on-screen particles of the sieve. And (3) a step of collecting weak magnetic particles such as stainless steel from the residue after collecting the magnetically attached particles of (2); and (4) a step of collecting the weak magnetic particles of (3). Recovering flat non-ferrous metal particles from the residue after collecting the body, and (5) recovering copper and aluminum product particles from the residue after recovering the non-ferrous metal particles of (4). (6) a step of separating and collecting the residue after collecting the copper and aluminum product granules of the above (5) into metal granules and non-metal granules, and (7) a process of the above (1). A step of recovering the magnetically attached particles of iron-based metal from the undersize particles of the sieve, and (8)
(7) a step of separating and collecting the residue after collecting the magnetically attached powder particles into non-ferrous metal powder particles and non-metal powder particles, and recovering the metal from the solid waste. Method. 3. The method for recovering metal from solid waste according to claim 1, wherein said sieve is a sieve having a mesh size of 1 to 5 mm. 4. The method for recovering metal from solid waste according to claim 1, wherein the sieve is a sieve having a sieve of 2 mm. 5. A crusher for crushing or crushing solid waste, (2) a vibrating sieve for sifting the powder obtained by the crusher, and (3) a sieve for the vibrating sieve. A paramagnetic force magnetic separator that separates and collects the magnetic particles from the upper particles, and (4) a weak magnetic material such as stainless steel from the residue after collecting the magnetic particles of (3). A high magnetic force magnetic separator for separation and recovery, (5) the above (4)
An eddy current sorter that separates and collects copper and aluminum product granules from the residue after collecting the weak magnetic material granules,
(6) a shape separator for separating and collecting flat non-ferrous metal particles from the residue after collecting the copper and aluminum product particles of (5), (7) the non-ferrous metal of (6) A jig sorter that separates and collects the residue after collecting the granules into metal granules and non-metal granules, and (8) the magnetic sediment granules from the granules under the vibrating sieve of (2). Wet magnetic separator that separates and collects the body, (9)
A swinging table for separating and collecting the residue obtained after collecting the magnetically attached particles of the above (8) into non-ferrous metal particles as a heavy material and non-metallic particles as a lightweight material; An apparatus for recovering metal from solid waste. 6. A crusher for crushing or crushing solid waste, (2) a vibrating sieve for sieving the powder obtained by the crusher, and (3) a vibrating sieve for the vibrating sieve. A paramagnetic force magnetic separator that separates and collects the magnetic particles from the upper particles, and (4) a weak magnetic material such as stainless steel from the residue after collecting the magnetic particles of (3). A high magnetic force magnetic separator for separation and recovery, (5) the above (4)
A shape separator for separating and collecting flat non-ferrous metal particles from the residue after collecting the weak magnetic material particles, (6) the (5)
An eddy current sorter that separates and collects copper and aluminum product granules from the residue after collecting the non-ferrous metal granules,
(7) a jig sorter that separates and collects the residue after collecting the copper and aluminum product granules of (6) into metal granules and non-metal granules, and (8) the vibration of (2). A wet magnetic separator that separates and collects the magnetically attached particles from the undersize particles of the sieve, (9)
A swinging table for separating and collecting the residue obtained after collecting the magnetically attached particles of the above (8) into non-ferrous metal particles as a heavy material and non-metallic particles as a lightweight material; An apparatus for recovering metal from solid waste. 7. The apparatus for recovering metal from solid waste according to claim 5, wherein said vibrating sieve is a vibrating sieve having a mesh size of 1 to 5 mm. 8. The apparatus for recovering metal from solid waste according to claim 5, wherein said vibrating sieve is a vibrating sieve having a mesh of 2 mm.