JPH11218749A - Liquid crystal display device and its manufacture - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a spacer function for a black matrix by forming a color filter layer and the matrix in that order on the liquid crystal layer side of a first substrate and controlling the interval between first and second substrates by at least a portion of the matrix. SOLUTION: A stripe shaped transparent electrode 14 is formed on a transparent substrate 11 as an opposing substrate and an alignment layer 16 is formed on top of them to produce the substrate which is alignment-processed. Then, the substrate 11 and a color filter substrate 1, which is produced as described above, are pasted together so that the respective striped electrodes are made orthogonal to each other to provide a liquid crystal cell. The portion, in which the respective striped electrodes cross, stipulates a pixel region. Note that the interval between the substrates 11 and 1 is controlled by a black matrix 5 formed on the substrate 1. In other words, the matrix 5 also functions as a spacer. Then, a nematic liquid crystal material 10 is injected into the obtained liquid crystal cell.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display capable of displaying a color image, a method of manufacturing the same, and a color filter substrate.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, a color filter substrate used in a liquid crystal display device has a color filter arranged in stripes or dots of three colors of red, green and blue on a transparent substrate made of glass, transparent resin or the like. And a black matrix (light-shielding portion) at the boundary between the color filters.

As a method of manufacturing a color filter, a dyeing method, a printing method, an electrodeposition method, a colored resist method and the like are known. Further, as a method for forming a black matrix, a thin film of metal such as Cr formed on a substrate by a sputtering method or the like is patterned by using a photolithography technique to form a light shielding portion having a predetermined shape, There is known a method of forming a light-shielding portion having a predetermined shape by patterning an applied black resin by etching or a lift-off method.

[0004] The method using a metal thin film has disadvantages in that it requires expensive and large-scale vacuum film-forming equipment, cost disadvantages, and a facility for treating harmful etching waste liquid (for example, Cr waste liquid). I have. On the other hand, in the method using a black resin, although there is a problem of the organic waste liquid treatment, there is no need for a film forming facility and a waste liquid treatment facility as large as a method using a metal thin film, which is advantageous in cost.

[0005]

However, the inventor of the present application has found that a conventional color filter substrate using a black resin has the following problems.

[0006] Since the black resin has a lower optical density (OD) than the metal material, in order to obtain a sufficient light-shielding property (OD of 2.5 or more, more preferably 3.0 or more), it is necessary to use a black resin in comparison with the case of using a metal material. It is necessary to form a thick light shielding portion. Therefore, in order to prevent light leakage from between the color filters, when each color filter and the black resin are partially overlapped and formed, a step is formed on the surface, especially a projection, and the projection causes a transparent electrode formed thereon. Failures such as disconnection occur. If a treatment such as polishing is performed to remove the projection, there is a problem that the cost is increased and the yield is reduced.

Further, when a negative photosensitive resin is used, if the thickness of the black matrix is too large, light for curing the photosensitive resin does not reach the bottom of the photosensitive resin, so that a good shape is obtained. There is a problem that it is not possible to form a black matrix that maintains and has sufficient light-shielding characteristics.

Further, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 6-301015 and 7-12
Axially Symmet with a plurality of liquid crystal regions surrounded by polymer walls disclosed in
When the conventional color filter substrate is used in the (rically aligned microcell) mode, the shape of the polymer wall becomes non-uniform due to a step on the surface of the color filter substrate,
There is a problem that the axially symmetric alignment of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal region may be disturbed.

On the other hand, a method of spraying silica beads or the like on a substrate has been conventionally used as a spacer for defining a distance between a pair of substrates sandwiching a liquid crystal layer. However, with the recent increase in size of a liquid crystal display device, it has been used. A method of forming a spacer by using a photolithography technique using a photosensitive resin material has been proposed (for example, JP-A-61-173221 and JP-A-2-222322). However, the above-described method has disadvantages such as an increase in cost and a decrease in yield due to an increase in the number of steps. Furthermore, since spacers are formed using a photosensitive resin material after performing an alignment process on the alignment film,
By applying, exposing and developing the photosensitive resin material,
There is a problem that the alignment film is deteriorated or broken, and the alignment of liquid crystal molecules is disturbed.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display device in which a black matrix formed on a color filter layer having a small surface step has a spacer function and a method of manufacturing the same. It is to provide.

[0011]

A liquid crystal display device according to the present invention comprises a first substrate, a second substrate, and a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the first and second substrates. A color filter layer and a black matrix are provided in this order on the liquid crystal layer side of the first substrate, and at least a part of the black matrix defines a distance between the first and second substrates, Thereby, the above object is achieved.

The black matrix is preferably made of a polymer wall made of a black resin material.

The liquid crystal layer has a plurality of liquid crystal regions divided by the polymer wall, and liquid crystal molecules in the plurality of liquid crystal regions are centered on an axis perpendicular to the first and second substrates. A configuration in which the liquid crystal regions are axially symmetric may be provided, and at least one liquid crystal region may be provided for each pixel region.

[0014] A structure further comprising a convex portion on at least a part of the liquid crystal side surface of the polymer wall, wherein a distance between the first and second substrates is defined by the polymer wall and the convex portion. It may be.

[0015] A switching element and a picture element electrode connected to the switching element may be provided between the first substrate and the color filter layer.

[0016] The second substrate may include a switching element for controlling a voltage applied to the liquid crystal layer for each pixel region.

[0017] An overcoat layer may be further provided between the color filter layer and the black matrix. It may be configured to have a transparent electrode between the overcoat layer and the liquid crystal layer.

The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to the present invention comprises:
Forming a color filter layer having a plurality of color filters on the first substrate; forming an overcoat layer on the color filter layer; and forming a negative photosensitive black resin material on the overcoat layer. Applying, and exposing the negative photosensitive black resin material through a predetermined mask, and developing the exposed negative photosensitive black resin material, thereby forming a black matrix, Which achieves the above object.

After the step of exposing the negative photosensitive black resin material via a predetermined mask, the method further includes a step of exposing the entire surface of the negative photosensitive black resin material via the first substrate. You may.

Forming a plurality of convex portions on the second substrate; and forming the first substrate and the second substrate such that the black matrix of the first substrate faces and contacts the plurality of convex portions. Laminating the substrate with the substrate.

The operation will be described below.

In the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention, since the black matrix is formed after the color filter layer is formed, the step on the surface of the color filter layer on the liquid crystal layer side is small. Therefore, there are no problems such as poor alignment of liquid crystal molecules and thinning or disconnection of the transparent electrode caused by steps, which are problems in the conventional liquid crystal display device. Also, since there is no limitation on the thickness of the black matrix formed on the color filter layer,
Even if a black resin material is used, a black matrix (polymer wall) of sufficient thickness so that sufficient light-shielding properties can be obtained
Can be formed. Further, a part or the whole of the black matrix can be configured to function as a spacer.

Further, by forming the black matrix according to the present invention from a black resin material and applying the black matrix to the polymer wall of the ASM mode liquid crystal display device, the number of manufacturing steps is increased and the shape of the polymer wall is reduced due to the step. Can be solved. In addition, since the black matrix also serves as a spacer and a polymer wall surrounding the liquid crystal region, a margin such as an exposure alignment, which was conventionally required when the black matrix and the spacer are overlapped, is not required, and a higher aperture ratio can be obtained. A liquid crystal display device can be manufactured.

[0024]

(Embodiment 1) A case where the present invention is applied to a simple matrix type liquid crystal display device will be described.

The method for fabricating the color filter substrate according to the present embodiment will be explained with reference to FIG.

First, on a transparent substrate 1 such as a glass substrate, green,
Red and blue color filters 2a, 2b, and 2c are each coated with a photoresist of each color (for example, color resist CG-2000 (green), CR-2000 (red), CB-2000 manufactured by Fuji Hunt Co.)
(Blue)) (FIG. 1A). That is, a color photoresist is applied on the substrate 1 by a spinner, exposed using a predetermined mask (not shown), and developed. This process is repeated for three colors, and each color filter 2a,
A color filter layer 2 including 2b and 2c was formed.
The thickness of each of the color filters 2a, 2b and 2c was about 1.5 μm. The interval between the color filters 2a, 2b and 2c was about 50 μm.

Next, an overcoat layer (flattening film) 3 covering the color filter layer 2 is formed. The overcoat layer 3 is made of a resin material (for example, V259-P manufactured by Nippon Steel Chemical Co., Ltd.).
A) can be formed by spin-coating A), exposing the entire surface and thermally curing. Here, the overcoat layer 3 having a thickness of about 2 μm was formed. The formation of the overcoat layer 3 reduced the surface step to about 0.6 μm.
Needless to say, the color filter layer 2
Since no black matrix is formed underneath, no projections are formed at the ends of the color filters 2a, 2b and 2c (FIG. 1B).

Subsequently, indium tin oxide (ITO) was formed as a transparent electrode layer 4 on the substrate by sputtering.
A layer (thickness: about 35 nm) was formed (FIG. 1C). The transparent electrode layer 4 is coated with a photoresist, exposed and developed by a mask, developed, and etched to form a stripe-shaped electrode 4a.
Was formed (FIG. 1D). No defect (disconnection) or uneven etching at a position corresponding to the end of the color filter did not occur in the stripe-shaped transparent electrode 4a.

Next, a negative photosensitive black resin (for example, V259-BKO manufactured by Nippon Steel Chemical Co., Ltd.) is applied to the substrate, and the substrate is exposed to light, the entire back surface is exposed, and the black matrix 5 (thickness) is developed. (About 5 μm) (FIG. 1).
(E)). Here, the negative photosensitive black resin was sufficiently photocured by exposing the entire surface from the back. Exposure from the back means exposure from the side of the substrate coated with the photosensitive black resin (via the substrate). When exposed from the back, the color filter functions as a mask, and only the photosensitive black resin located between the color filters 2a, 2b, and 2c is exposed, and portions that are not sufficiently cured by the front exposure are cured.

When a thick film (about 3 μm or more) is formed by using a negative photosensitive black resin, it is preferable to expose the photosensitive resin from the back side in order to sufficiently cure the photosensitive resin. The necessity of back exposure may be determined depending on the material.
Further, the black resin material is not limited to the negative type, and a positive type may be used. Alternatively, a resin material which does not require photo-sensitivity but requires a separate photoresist for patterning may be used.

Thereafter, application and orientation treatment (for example, rubbing treatment) of the orientation film 6 (see FIG. 2) were performed. Since the height of the black matrix 5 is about 5 μm, it does not hinder the rubbing of the alignment film 6. FIG. 2 does not show the alignment film on the side surface (the surface in contact with the liquid crystal layer) of the black matrix 5.

Next, as a counter substrate, a stripe-shaped transparent electrode 14 was formed on the transparent substrate 11, an alignment film 14 was formed thereon, and an alignment process was performed (FIG. 2). This counter substrate can be manufactured by a known method. The opposing substrate and the previously prepared color filter substrate were bonded so that the respective stripe electrodes were orthogonal to each other, thereby producing a liquid crystal cell (FIG. 2). A portion (intersection) where each stripe electrode intersects defines a picture element region. The distance between the counter substrate and the color filter substrate is defined by the black matrix 5 formed on the color filter substrate. That is, the black matrix 5 according to the present invention
Also function as a spacer. In the illustrated example, the black matrix 5 having a width corresponding to the interval between the color filters 2a, 2b, and 2c is formed. However, the width of the black matrix 5 is not limited to this. It is sufficient to optimize the relationship. For example, in order to improve the light shielding characteristics, the width of the black matrix 5 is made larger than the interval between the color filters 2a, 2b, and 2c, and a part of the black matrix 5 is formed as one of the color filters 2a, 2b, and 2c. It is good also as composition which overlaps with a part.

A nematic liquid crystal material (liquid crystal layer 10) was injected into the obtained liquid crystal cell to obtain a liquid crystal display device 100 (driving circuits for forming the liquid crystal display device, a polarizing plate, and other components were simply prepared. Omitted for). In the liquid crystal display device 100, no disorder in the alignment of liquid crystal molecules and unevenness in the distance between the substrates were observed. Since the injection speed of the liquid crystal material is slowed down by the influence of the black matrix 5, it can be improved by enlarging the injection port (for example, providing an opening on one side of the panel).

In the first embodiment, the simple matrix type liquid crystal display device 100 has been described. However, the color filter substrate of the first embodiment is applied to the plasma address type liquid crystal display device (P).
It can also be used as a substrate for ALC).

Embodiment 2 In Embodiment 2, an example in which the present invention is applied to an active matrix type liquid crystal display device will be described.
Here, a substrate on which a thin film transistor (TFT) as a switching element is formed (hereinafter abbreviated as a TFT substrate)
Next, a color filter was formed for each pixel electrode.

The liquid crystal display device 200 according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. Using a known method,
A TFT 22 and a pixel electrode (about 12
(0x about 300 μm) A TFT substrate having 24 and the like was formed (source wiring, gate wiring, etc. are not shown for simplicity). A color filter layer 26, an overcoat layer 28, and a black matrix 30 were formed on the pixel electrodes 24 using the same material as in the first embodiment. The thicknesses of the color filter layer 26 and the overcoat layer 28 are also the same as those in the first embodiment
And the thickness of the black matrix 30 is about 3 μm
And The color filters 26a, 26b and 2
6c and the black matrix 30 were patterned using a mask having a desired pattern. Since the color filters 26a, 26b and 26c are formed corresponding to the picture element electrodes 24, the black matrix 30 formed at the boundary between the color filters 26a, 26b and 26c is formed.
Changes substantially depending on the shape of the picture element electrode 24, but becomes substantially a well (see FIG. 3B). Also in the second embodiment, since the black matrix 30 is formed after the color filter layer 26 is formed, the black matrix 30 is not adversely affected by the projection of the color filter substrate, so that the shape of the black matrix 30 is uniform and reproducible. Well formed.

Next, a single transparent electrode 34 made of an ITO film having a thickness of about 30 nm was formed almost on the entire surface of the glass substrate 31 as a counter substrate. On this transparent electrode 34, using the black resin material used in the first embodiment, a thickness of 2 μm,
A stripe-shaped convex portion 36 having a width of 50 μm was formed. Note that a material used for forming the convex portion 36 does not necessarily need to have a light-shielding property, and therefore, a general resist material (for example, OFPR-800 manufactured by Tokyo Ohka Co., Ltd.) may be used.

Thereafter, application of an alignment film (not shown) and alignment treatment were performed. The stripe-shaped convex portions 36 are provided to form an injection route of the liquid crystal material. In the second embodiment, the width of the stripe-shaped protrusions 36 is the same as the width of the black matrix 30 between the color filters 26a, 26b, and 26c. It may be narrow.

The above-described TFT substrate and counter substrate were bonded together so that the black matrix 30 and the protrusions 36 faced and were in contact with each other to form a liquid crystal cell. As can be seen from FIGS. 3A and 3B, the distance between the substrates of the liquid crystal cell is defined by the black matrix 30 and the convex portions 36. FIG. 3B shows the black matrix 30 and the convex portions 36.
It is a top view which shows the two-dimensional arrangement | positioning relationship with this. That is, the black matrix 30 and the convex portions 36 function as spacers, and the black matrix 30 is a part of the spacer. In the second embodiment, the stripe-shaped convex portions 36 are formed in each picture element row in parallel with the stripe-shaped color filters, but may be formed in, for example, three colors of red, blue, and green. . Also, stripe shape (wall shape)
The present invention is not limited to this, and may be formed in a dot shape (column shape). The shape, size, and arrangement of the protrusions 36 may be set in consideration of mechanical strength so that the distance between the substrates can be stably maintained. From the viewpoint of the injection speed of the liquid crystal material, it is preferable that the liquid crystal material is formed in a dot shape.

A nematic liquid crystal material was injected into the obtained liquid crystal cell to produce a liquid crystal display device 200. In the liquid crystal display device 200, no disorder in the alignment of liquid crystal molecules or unevenness in the distance between the substrates was observed.

In the second embodiment, the color filter layer 26 and the black matrix 30 are formed on the TFT substrate. However, the color filter layer 26 and the black matrix 30 may be formed on the opposite substrate. Since the transparent electrode (counter electrode) formed on the counter substrate of the active matrix type liquid crystal display device is a single electrode formed on almost the entire surface of the substrate, the step of etching the ITO film shown in FIG. By doing so, it can be produced.

According to the present invention, since no protrusion is formed between the color filters, no defect occurs in the ITO film located above the color filters. When a black matrix is formed on the opposite substrate, the protrusion 36 for securing a route for injecting a liquid crystal material may be formed on the TFT substrate.

(Embodiment 3) An example in which the present invention is applied to an axially symmetric alignment (ASM) mode liquid crystal display device will be described. here,
Simple matrix type AS shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B
The M liquid crystal display device 300 will be described. FIG. 4 (a)
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display device, and FIG. 2B is a diagram illustrating a color filter layer 46, a black matrix 50, and convex portions 66.
It is a top view which shows the two-dimensional arrangement | positioning relationship with this. The cross section 4a-4a 'of (b) corresponds to (a).

In the same manner as in the first embodiment, the glass substrate 41
A color filter layer 46 having stripe-shaped color filters 46a, 46b, and 46c is formed thereon (FIG. 1A). The surface is flattened by forming an overcoat layer 48 on the color filter layer 46 (FIG. 1B). Next, the overcoat layer 48
An ITO film is formed on the entire surface of the substrate (FIG. 1 (c)) and is etched into a predetermined pattern to form a stripe-shaped transparent electrode 44 parallel to the stripe-shaped color filters 46a, 46b and 46c (FIG. 1). (D)).

A black matrix 50 having a thickness of about 3 μm is formed on the obtained substrate by applying the same photosensitive black resin as in the first embodiment, exposing and developing using a predetermined mask. The black matrix 50 has a portion 50a that blocks light from between the color filters 46a, 46b, and 46c, and a portion 50b that divides one picture element region 70 into a plurality of liquid crystal regions 70a to 70d. A vertical alignment film (for example, JALS-204 manufactured by Nippon Synthetic Rubber Co., Ltd.) is applied to the surface of the substrate (not shown) to produce a color filter substrate.

The opposing substrate has a plurality of stripe-shaped transparent electrodes 64 extending in parallel with each other on a glass substrate 61, and stripe-shaped projections 66 (heights) extending in a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the transparent electrodes 64 extend. About 2 μm).
The stripe-shaped projections 66 can be formed using the same material as the black matrix 50. A vertical alignment film (not shown) is also formed on the surface of this substrate, and an opposing substrate is manufactured.

A liquid crystal cell was fabricated by bonding a color filter substrate and a counter substrate such that the transparent electrodes 44 and 64 in a stripe shape were orthogonal to each other. The intersection of the transparent electrodes 44 and 64 corresponds to the picture element region (for example, FIG.
Reference numeral 70) in (a) is defined. In this liquid crystal cell, the substrate spacing (about 5 μm) is defined by the black matrix 50 and the convex portions 66. That is, a part of the black matrix 50 and the projection 66 function as a spacer. Further, as in the second embodiment, a route for injecting the liquid crystal material is formed by the convex portion 66. Convex part 66
Are a set of striped color filters 46a, 46b
FIG. 4 shows an example in which the projections 66 and 46c are formed. However, the present invention is not limited to this example. can do.

The obtained liquid crystal cell contains n as a liquid crystal material.
Liquid crystal material (Δε = −4.0, Δn = 0.08, chiral angle 5 μm, set at 90 °) and 0.3 wt% of a compound A represented by the following formula 1 as a photocurable resin:
A mixture containing Irgacure 6510.1 wt% was injected.

[0049]

Embedded image

By applying a voltage (for example, 5 V) between the transparent electrodes 44 and 64, the liquid crystal molecules 72 which are vertically aligned with respect to a vertical alignment film (not shown) are parallel to the substrate (by an electric field). (Vertical with respect to the axis), and an axially symmetric orientation (a broken line in FIG. 4 (a) as a central axis) is formed. Further, while applying a voltage (approximately 2.5 V) higher than the threshold voltage by approximately 0.5 V, irradiation with ultraviolet rays (6 mW / cm ² , 365 nm) for approximately 10 minutes at room temperature (25 ° C.) The photocurable resin in the mixture was cured to form an axially symmetric alignment regulating element (pretilt). This operation makes it possible to quickly reproduce the axially symmetric alignment of the liquid crystal molecules 72.

In the obtained liquid crystal display device 300, no disorder in the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules and unevenness in the distance between the substrates were observed, and a liquid crystal display device with a wide viewing angle was obtained. In the third embodiment, the black matrix 50 functions as a spacer and also functions as a polymer wall that divides a liquid crystal layer into a plurality of liquid crystal regions. That is, it is possible to simultaneously form polymer walls and spacers formed separately, and to reduce processing accuracy due to protrusions on the surface of the color filter substrate (for example, the reproducibility of the shape of the polymer wall and the A liquid crystal display device that does not have a variation due to position) and can perform high-quality display can be manufactured in a small number of steps.

The fact that at least a part of the spacer that defines the black matrix and the substrate spacing is also used
Compared to the conventional method of separately forming a polymer spacer on a color filter including a black matrix, the time required for forming the color filter is reduced, the number of manufacturing steps is reduced, the number of materials used, and the yield associated with the reduction in the number of manufacturing steps is reduced. Cost reduction is possible in terms of improvement and the like.

Comparative Example 1 A color filter substrate for a simple matrix type liquid crystal display device was manufactured by the conventional manufacturing method using the same material as in the first embodiment.

First, a black matrix 85 (about 1.5 μm thick) made of a photosensitive black resin is formed on a transparent substrate 81.
Was formed (FIG. 5A). Thereafter, color filters 82a, 82b, and 82c of green, red, and blue colors were formed by repeating spinner application, exposure with a mask, and development of a photoresist of each color in this order (FIG. 5).
(B)). Each film thickness was about 1.5 μm. The space between the color filters was about 50 μm, and the width of the black matrix was about 70 μm. In this case, a step of 1 μm is recognized at each end of the color filter, and about 2 μm is formed.
Even if an overcoat layer of μm is formed (FIG. 5C),
A protrusion (step) of about 0.5 μm remained.

An ITO film was formed on this substrate by sputtering (FIG. 5D), and a stripe-shaped electrode 84a was formed through application of a photoresist, exposure with a mask, development, and etching (FIG. 5E). . In this electrode, chipping or thinning of the ITO stripe was observed at the end of the color filter due to poor etching caused by the protrusions (steps).

Further, this substrate was bonded to a counter substrate through a 5 μm silica bead spacer, and a nematic liquid crystal was injected. As a result, display defects corresponding to chipping and thinning of the ITO stripe were observed. Further, variations in the substrate spacing due to slight alignment disturbance of the liquid crystal molecules around the spacer and uneven dispersion of the spacer were confirmed.

(Comparative Example 2) A liquid crystal display device similar to that of Embodiment 2 was manufactured in the same manufacturing process as in Comparative Example 1. In this case as well, display defects corresponding to chipping or thinning of the pixel electrode made of the ITO film are observed, and in addition, the shape of the polymer wall of the black matrix which is considered to be caused by protrusions (steps) at the ends of the color filters. It was confirmed that the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules was disturbed due to the distortion of. Here, the aperture ratio of this liquid crystal display device was about 62%, which was smaller than that of the liquid crystal display device of the second embodiment, which was about 65%. The cause of this decrease was light loss due to misalignment between the black matrix formed before the production of the color filter and the polymer wall formed after the production of the color filter.

Comparative Example 3 A liquid crystal display device similar to that of Embodiment 3 was manufactured in the same manufacturing process as in Comparative Example 1, except that a transparent photosensitive resin was used as a polymer wall material of a black matrix. When this liquid crystal display device was compared with the liquid crystal display device of Embodiment 3, there was no difference in contrast ratio and viewing angle in a dark place, but the viewing angle in a bright place was 160 °.
(Embodiment 3) was reduced to 150 ° (Comparative Example 3). This is presumably because the polymer wall did not have a light-shielding property, so that the backlight and external light were reflected and refracted to lower the contrast.

[0059]

According to the present invention, by forming the black matrix of the color filter substrate after the formation of the color filter layer, it is possible to eliminate projections on the surface (reduce the level difference) and to manufacture the liquid crystal display device. An excellent color filter with less defects can be manufactured. Also,
A liquid crystal display device in which spacers are formed by patterning a resin material (this is said to be capable of producing a display device with high display quality) can be manufactured relatively easily and with a high aperture ratio. Further, the picture element portion, which is extremely effective for improving the viewing angle dependency, is divided into one or a plurality of liquid crystal regions surrounded by a polymer wall having a height occupying at least a part of the substrate interval. A liquid crystal display device (ASM mode) using a method of orienting the liquid crystal in an axisymmetric manner with respect to an axis perpendicular to the substrate can be manufactured relatively easily, with a high aperture ratio, and stably in the shape of the polymer wall. When forming this ASM mode liquid crystal display device,
By using a black material as the material of the polymer wall,
The contrast ratio at the time of light can be improved.

Further, according to the present invention, even when a photosensitive black resin having a high optical density is used, it is possible to produce a color filter layer which does not cause development failure (over-development) due to uncuring.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining a method for manufacturing a color filter substrate according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view of the liquid crystal display device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3A is a schematic sectional view of a liquid crystal display device according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3B is a plan view.

4A is a schematic sectional view of a liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention, and FIG. 4B is a plan view.

FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a method for manufacturing a conventional color filter.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1, 11 glass substrate 2 color filter 3 overcoat layer (flattening layer) 4, 14 transparent electrode (ITO film) 5 black matrix 6, 16 alignment film

Claims (12)

[Claims] A first substrate, a second substrate, and a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the first and second substrates; and a liquid crystal layer side of the first substrate, A liquid crystal display device having a color filter layer and a black matrix in this order, wherein at least a part of the black matrix defines an interval between the first and second substrates. 2. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the black matrix includes a polymer wall made of a black resin material. 3. The liquid crystal layer has a plurality of liquid crystal regions divided by the polymer wall, and liquid crystal molecules in the plurality of liquid crystal regions have axes perpendicular to the first and second substrates. 3. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 2, wherein the liquid crystal display device is axially symmetrically oriented at the center. 4. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 3, wherein at least one liquid crystal region is provided for each picture element region. 5. The liquid crystal display according to claim 1, further comprising a convex portion on at least a part of the liquid crystal side surface of the polymer wall, wherein a distance between the first and second substrates is defined by the polymer wall and the convex portion. The liquid crystal display device according to any one of claims 2 to 4. 6. The switching device according to claim 1, further comprising a switching element and a picture element electrode connected to the switching element, between the first substrate and the color filter layer. Liquid crystal display. 7. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the second substrate has a switching element for controlling a voltage applied to the liquid crystal layer for each pixel region. 8. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, further comprising an overcoat layer between said color filter layer and said black matrix. 9. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, further comprising a transparent electrode between the overcoat layer and the liquid crystal layer. 10. A step of forming a color filter layer having a plurality of color filters on a first substrate, a step of forming an overcoat layer on the color filter layer, and a step of forming a negative photosensitive layer on the overcoat layer. Applying a conductive black resin material, exposing the negative photosensitive black resin material through a predetermined mask, and developing the exposed negative photosensitive black resin material to form a black matrix. Forming a liquid crystal display device. 11. A step of exposing the entire surface of the negative photosensitive black resin material through the first substrate after the step of exposing the negative photosensitive black resin material via a predetermined mask. The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to claim 10, further comprising: 12. A step of forming a plurality of projections on a second substrate; and forming the plurality of projections on the first substrate so that the black matrix of the first substrate faces the plurality of projections. The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to claim 10, further comprising: bonding a second substrate.