JP2001159755A - Liquid crystal display device and method of producing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a structure for liquid crystal display device having high contrast without decreasing the picture quality and to provide a method of producing that structure. SOLUTION: The liquid crystal display device has a liquid crystal held between a pair of substrates of first and second substrates, and the device is equipped with a lattice-like black matrix and color filters formed on one substrate of the substrate pair. Features of the liquid crystal display device and its production method are that the longitudinal side lines of the black matrix 2 are vertical, while the lateral side lines 21 of the black matrix 2 are tilted in each color unit to coincide with the angle of the rubbing direction and that photolithographic spacers 6 are disposed on the intersections of the longitudinal side lines and the lateral side lines of the black matrix 2.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a color liquid crystal display device, and more particularly to a structure of a color STN liquid crystal display device which has no display pixels and has high contrast and excellent display performance, and a method of manufacturing the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Various means have been proposed as means for forming a photolithographic spacer on a portion other than a display pixel of a display liquid crystal cell by a photolithography method to keep a constant distance between substrates of the liquid crystal cell. .

As a photolitho spacer as one means, for example, as proposed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-289109, a photolitho spacer is formed on a substrate on which display electrodes are patterned and then oriented on the substrate. There is a method of forming a film and further performing a rubbing alignment treatment.

However, among a pair of substrates having electrodes,
After a photolitho spacer having a height of several microns is formed on one of the substrates, an alignment film for aligning the liquid crystal is formed, and then the rubbing alignment process is performed by the above-mentioned publication. In the shadow portion of the projection, the rubbing cloth does not sufficiently contact the alignment film, and a portion having insufficient orientation, that is, a so-called rubbing shadow occurs.

Here, a structure and a manufacturing method of an STN display device using a photolitho spacer formed by a conventional method will be described below with reference to FIGS. 2, 3 and 4.

In order to produce the liquid crystal cell for display shown in FIG. 2, the following means is used.

On a first substrate 10, a transparent electrode 11 and an alignment film 12 that has been subjected to an alignment process are formed. Further, a lattice-like black matrix 2, a color filter 3, an overcoat film 4, and a transparent electrode 5 are formed on the second substrate 1 so as to be sequentially laminated, and then a photolithographic spacer is formed by photolithography. 6 is formed.

The material of the photolitho spacer 6 is a material obtained by adding a photosensitive group to a transparent material having characteristics such as chemical resistance, heat resistance, and flatness, like an overcoat material such as an acrylic or epoxy resin. Preferably, when the material is transparent when irradiated with ultraviolet rays through a photomask by a photolithography method, the ultraviolet rays are easily transmitted, and a spacer having a desired height can be efficiently formed.

There have been proposed a number of methods for simultaneously forming a projection as a photolitho spacer 6 when forming the black matrix 2, the color filter 3 and the overcoat film 4. In the case of (1), a rubbing alignment process for aligning the liquid crystal 9 is performed after forming the alignment film 7 on the surface where the plurality of protrusions (spacers) exist.

After that, a sealant 8 for enclosing the liquid crystal 9 between the pair of substrates is formed on the first substrate 10 by a printing method, and after the second substrate 1 and the first substrate 10 are bonded to each other,
A liquid crystal cell for display can be prepared by injecting the liquid crystal 9.

The distance between the display liquid crystal cells is uniform through a photo spacer 6 formed in a region between the transparent electrodes 5 corresponding to the light shielding black matrix 2 formation position on the second substrate 1. Has been maintained.

FIG. 4 is a view showing the rubbing direction and the angle of the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 1. The viewing angle characteristics required by a viewer when viewing the liquid crystal display device from the front are shown in FIG. Hour, 6 o'clock, 9 o'clock, 12 o'clock priority direction, for example, STN mode 200 degree twist at 6 o'clock or 12 o'clock
In order to give priority to the time, the first substrate 10 is in the a direction inclined at an angle of 10 degrees downward with respect to the AA plane, and the second substrate is AA.
It is necessary to perform rubbing in the direction b inclined at an angle of 10 degrees upward with respect to the surface, and rubbing the substrate at an angle corresponding to a twist angle of 200 degrees.

As shown in FIG. 2, the convex photolitho spacer 6 formed at a position corresponding to the formation region of the black matrix 2 holds the liquid crystal cells at a desired interval. Correspondingly, 1 μm to 10
It is formed at a height of μm.

[0014]

Next, the problems of the above liquid crystal display device will be described with reference to the plan view of FIG.

The planar pattern shape of the black matrix 2 formed in the lowermost layer shown in FIG. 2 is as shown in FIG.
It has a lattice-like pattern shape. In FIG. 3, the color filters 3 formed on the black matrix 2 are shown.
The overcoat film 4 and the transparent electrode 5 are not shown.

As shown in FIG. 3, a columnar photolithographic spacer 6 is formed at each intersection at a position corresponding to the lattice-like black matrix 2, and an alignment film 7 is formed as described with reference to FIG. After being formed so as to be stacked, the alignment film 7 is subjected to a rubbing treatment.

Here, as shown in FIG. 3, when the rubbing process is performed on the alignment film 7 along the arrow direction indicating the rubbing direction and the angle, the photolitho spacer 6 becomes 1 as described above.
Since it has a height of 10 μm to 10 μm, the area on the side opposite to the rubbing direction is not subjected to the rubbing treatment, and becomes a rubbing shadow B, and a portion having insufficient orientation is formed in the pixel of the color filter 3 ′. Would.

The size of the rubbing shadow B increases as the height of the photolithographic spacer 6 increases. In addition, since the rubbing cloth does not come into contact with the rubbing shadow B and the rubbing (rubbing) of the alignment film 7 has not been sufficiently performed, the alignment force of the alignment film 7 is weak, and alignment defects are generated. Further, there is a problem that the image quality and the contrast are reduced.

As one of means for avoiding the occurrence of the rubbing shadow B, there has been proposed a method of forming an alignment film on a transparent electrode, performing a rubbing alignment treatment, and then forming a photolithographic spacer.

However, this method has a problem that the orientation of the alignment film is deteriorated. This is because the surface subjected to the rubbing alignment treatment is very sensitive, and is particularly susceptible to damage in the photolithography development process, and the orientation of the alignment film surface is deteriorated.

(Object of the Invention) It is an object of the present invention to provide a structure of a liquid crystal display device having high contrast without deteriorating the image quality and a manufacturing method for forming the structure in order to solve the above problems. It is in.

[0022]

In order to achieve the above object, the structure of a liquid crystal display device of the present invention and a manufacturing method for forming the structure employ the following means.

The liquid crystal display device of the present invention is a liquid crystal display device in which liquid crystal is sandwiched between a pair of first and second substrates, wherein one of the pair of substrates has a grid-like shape. Equipped with black matrix and color filter,
The vertical side of the black matrix is vertical,
The side of the black matrix in the horizontal direction is a unit of each color of R (red), G (green), and B (blue) of the color filter,
The rubbing direction is inclined to match the angle, and a photolitho spacer is arranged at the intersection of the vertical side and the horizontal side of the black matrix.

The liquid crystal display device according to the present invention is characterized in that a rubbing shadow due to rubbing is formed on a lateral side of the black matrix.

In the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention, the photolithographic spacer has a columnar or rectangular shape.

The liquid crystal display device of the present invention is a liquid crystal display device in which liquid crystal is sandwiched between a pair of first and second substrates, wherein one of the pair of substrates has a grid-like shape. Equipped with black matrix and color filter,
The vertical side of the black matrix is vertical,
The side of the black matrix in the horizontal direction is inclined in the three color units of R (red), G (green), and B (blue) of the color filter so that the angle matches the rubbing direction, and the side in the vertical direction of the black matrix. And a rectangular photolitho spacer starting from the intersection of the horizontal side and the horizontal side.

The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to the present invention comprises:
A liquid crystal display device in which liquid crystal is sandwiched between a pair of substrates, a first substrate and a second substrate, includes a lattice matrix black matrix and a color filter on one of the pair of substrates, and a vertical side of the black matrix. Is vertical, and the sides of the black matrix in the horizontal direction are inclined so as to match the rubbing direction and the angle in each color unit of R (red), G (green), and B (blue) of the color filter. A method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device, in which a photolitho spacer is disposed at an intersection of a vertical side and a horizontal side of a black matrix, comprises a grid of horizontal and vertical sides matching the rubbing direction on the second substrate. Sequentially forming a black matrix, a color filter, an overcoat film, a transparent electrode, and a photolithographic spacer, and forming an alignment film on a first substrate and a second substrate. Performing a rubbing alignment process for aligning the liquid crystal in accordance with various twist angles of the liquid crystal, wherein the first substrate and the second substrate are overlapped and the liquid crystal is injected. The display pixel portion is characterized in that no spacer exists.

The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to the present invention comprises:
A liquid crystal display device in which liquid crystal is sandwiched between a pair of substrates, a first substrate and a second substrate, includes a lattice matrix black matrix and a color filter on one of the pair of substrates, and a vertical side of the black matrix. Is vertical, and the horizontal side of the black matrix is inclined in three color units of R (red), G (green), and B (blue) of the color filter so that the angle matches the rubbing direction. A method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device in which a rectangular photolitho spacer starting from an intersection of a matrix vertical side and a horizontal side is arranged includes a black matrix, a color filter, an overcoat film on a second substrate, A step of sequentially forming a transparent electrode and a photolithographic spacer;
Forming an alignment film on the substrate and performing a rubbing alignment process for aligning the liquid crystal in accordance with the twist angle of the liquid crystal, and injecting the liquid crystal by superimposing the first substrate and the second substrate. The present invention is characterized in that no spacer shadow exists in the display pixel portion of the liquid crystal display device.

(Function) The liquid crystal display device of the present invention has a structure in which a photolithographic spacer is provided in a portion corresponding to a black matrix forming region which is a light shielding portion of a substrate having a color filter, and no spacer exists in a display pixel portion. .

In addition, a rubbing orientation treatment corresponding to the twist angle of the STN is performed while having a photolithographic spacer structure.

As a result, in the present invention, it is possible to provide a high-contrast liquid crystal display device excellent in viewing angle characteristics and excellent in display quality without light leakage or roughness due to spacers.

[0032]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The structure of an STN liquid crystal display device according to the best mode for carrying out the present invention and a method of manufacturing the same will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 and 5 are plan views showing a configuration of a liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention and a manufacturing method thereof, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the liquid crystal display device of the present invention. FIG. 4 shows STN mode 2
The rubbing direction and the angle at the time of performing the orientation processing of the twist angle of 00 degrees twist are shown.

Hereinafter, description will be made with reference to FIGS. 1, 2, 4, and 5 alternately.

(Description of Structure of Liquid Crystal Display Device in First Embodiment) As shown in FIG. 2, a liquid crystal display device of the present invention has a transparent electrode 11 on a first substrate 10 and an alignment treatment on its upper surface. The alignment film 12 is subjected to the above. Furthermore, the second
A black matrix 2, a color filter 3, an overcoat film 4, and a transparent electrode 5 were sequentially provided on the substrate 1, and a columnar photolithographic spacer 6 formed by a photolithography method and an alignment process were performed. Alignment film 7
And

A liquid crystal 9 is sealed in a gap between the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 1 by a sealant 8 formed in a peripheral region thereof.

The distance between the display liquid crystal cells, that is, the first
The gap between the substrate 10 and the second substrate 1 is a photolithographic spacer 6 formed between the transparent electrodes 5 in a region corresponding to a region of the second substrate 1 corresponding to the formation region of the black matrix 2 formed for light shielding. Is controlled so as to have a uniform cell interval.

The size of the photolitho spacer 6 is formed smaller than the width of the black matrix 2, and the height of the photolitho spacer 6 is 1 μm to 10 μm. Good.

Next, the planar arrangement structure of the photolithographic spacer 6 of the present invention will be described with reference to the plan view of FIG.

As shown in FIG. 1, the plane pattern of the lowermost black matrix 2 in FIG. 2 has a deformed lattice shape in which the vertical sides in FIG. 1 are vertical, but the horizontal sides are inclined. It has the shape of a black matrix 2.

The inclination angle of the side in the horizontal direction of the black matrix 2 is made to match the rubbing angle.

In FIG. 1, the color filter 3, the overcoat film 4, and the transparent electrode 5 formed on the upper surface of the deformed lattice black matrix 2 are not shown.

A columnar photolitho spacer 6 is formed at each intersection of the deformed lattice black matrix 2, and a rubbed alignment film 7 is formed.

Here, as shown in FIG. 1, when the rubbing process is performed on the alignment film 7 along the arrow direction indicating the rubbing direction and the angle, the photolithographic spacer 6 becomes 1 μm to 10 μm.
m, but as described above, since the side of the black matrix 2 in the horizontal direction matches the rubbing direction, the rubbing shadow A region is a region where the orientation is insufficient. , On the horizontal line 21 of the black matrix 2.

The size of the rubbing shadow A increases as the height of the photolithographic spacer 6 increases.

In addition, since the rubbing cloth has not sufficiently rubbed the alignment film in the region of the rubbing shadow A, as described above, the alignment force is weak and an alignment defect is generated.

However, in the liquid crystal display device of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, the rubbing shadow A region where the rubbing process is insufficient is formed by the horizontal lines 21 of the light-shielding black matrix 2 provided around the display pixels. It only occurs at the top and does not occur at the display pixel portion.

As a result, when the image of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention is observed from a viewer, the presence of the rubbing shadow A region of the photolithographic spacer 6 is not recognized, and an effect that the display quality can be seen smoothly is brought about.

In the case of the above-described structure described with reference to FIG. 1, the photolitho spacer 6 is formed on the alignment film 7 that has been subjected to the alignment process, or after the photolitho spacer 6 is formed, A large difference occurs in the orientation of the orientation film 7 depending on whether the orientation process is performed by applying the film 7.

In the former method, after the alignment film 7 is subjected to an alignment treatment, a photolithographic spacer material having photosensitivity is coated on the alignment film 7 and formed by photolithography. And photolitho spacer 6
When formed, especially with the alkaline developer in the development process,
The surface of the alignment film 7 is damaged, and the alignment is deteriorated.

In the latter method, after the photolitho spacer 6 is formed, the alignment film 7 is applied, and then the alignment treatment of the alignment film 7 is performed by a rubbing method. The projections of the height interfere with each other, resulting in a rubbing shadow A, which generates a portion with insufficient orientation.

Here, the plan view of FIG.
5 is a view showing the rubbing direction of the second substrate 1 and the angle of the rubbing direction, and viewing angle characteristics required by a viewer when viewing the liquid crystal display device from the front; For example, in order to give priority to 6 o'clock or 12 o'clock in the STN mode 200 degree twist, the first substrate 10 is inclined at an angle of 10 degrees downward with respect to the alignment film plane AA on which the alignment film is formed. In the direction of arrow a, the second substrate 1
-It is necessary to perform rubbing in the direction of the arrow b inclined at an angle of 10 degrees upward with respect to the A-plane, and at 180 degrees plus 20 degrees corresponding to a twist angle of 200 degrees with respect to the substrate. .

The STN twist angle is 200 degrees, 2
It is necessary to perform rubbing at an angle other than the horizontal direction of 180 degrees with respect to the substrate, such as 25 degrees or 245 degrees.

In the liquid crystal display device of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, a horizontal line 21 of the black matrix 2 is provided for each color unit of red (R), green (G), and blue (B) of a color filter. The horizontal line 21 of the black matrix 2 is formed so as to be inclined such that the angle coincides with the rubbing direction of the STN twist angle.

The photolithography spacer 6 is located at the intersection of the deformed lattice-shaped black matrix 2 composed of the vertical vertical side and the horizontal side inclined to match the rubbing direction, that is, the position between the transparent electrodes. To form

By adopting the structure as shown in FIG. 1, when the substrate is rubbed in the direction of the arrow,
The portion where the rubbing shadow A region occurs due to the projection of the photolithographic spacer 6 is located on the horizontal line 21 of the black matrix 2, and the rubbing shadow A does not occur in the pixel portion.

As a result, in correspondence with various STN twist mode liquid crystal display devices provided with the photolithographic spacer 6, the pixel portion has no spacer shadow A at all, and the liquid crystal display device has a smooth image quality and high contrast. Can be provided.

(Explanation of Manufacturing Method of Liquid Crystal Display Device) Next, the manufacturing method of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 1, FIG. 2, FIG. 4, FIG.

A method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. First, FIG.
As shown in (a), in order to form a black matrix 2 on a glass substrate 1, a film of chromium (Cr) is formed at a height of 120 nm by a sputtering method.

Thereafter, ZPP-1700 (trade name, manufactured by Zeon Corporation) is applied as a positive resist on the chromium film, and a photoresist pattern having a predetermined shape is formed by a photolithography method. The black matrix 2 is formed by etching chromium using the photoresist thus formed as an etching mask.

As shown in FIG. 1, the vertical pattern 2 of the black matrix 2 is vertical, the horizontal line 21 is a color filter R area, a G area, and the like. For each color in the B region, it is tilted so as to match the angle at which the rubbing orientation process is performed, and is formed so as to form a deformed lattice pattern.

Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 6B, the black matrix 2 is formed on the second substrate 1 on which the black matrix 2 is formed.
A Nippon Steel Chemical color filter red base material V-259R (trade name) of a photosensitive pigment dispersion type is applied to a predetermined film thickness by a spin coating method, and then a color filter red pattern 31 is formed by a photolithography method. I do.

The color filter red pattern 31 is
It is formed with a thickness of 1.5 μm.

Thereafter, the color filter red pattern 31
Similarly to the above, a color filter pattern is formed in the order of a color filter green pattern 32 and a color filter blue pattern 33, and three color filters of R, G, and B as shown in FIG. 6B are formed. .

Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 6C, JSR Optmer SS-6777 (trade name) is formed as a transparent overcoat film 4 on the color filters 31, 32, 33 by a spin coating method.

The overcoat film 4 is formed with a thickness of 3 μm, and thereafter, is baked at a temperature of 220 ° C.

As a result, the overcoat film 4 plays a role in improving the chemical resistance and spatter resistance of the color filter and the flatness of the color filter.

Thereafter, a transparent conductive film 5 is formed on the overcoat film 4 by a sputtering method to a thickness of 250 nm.

Then, after a positive resist ZPP-1700 is formed on the transparent conductive film 5 by using a spin coating method, as shown in FIG. 6D, the resist is patterned by photolithography.

Thereafter, using the patterned resist as an etching mask, the transparent electrode 5 is etched to form a pattern.

As shown in FIG. 5, the planar pattern shape of the transparent electrode 5 on which the pattern is formed is a color filter R,
An electrode pattern is formed along the deformed lattice black matrix 2 for each of the colors G and B.

Although the pattern of the transparent electrode 5 is not rectangular, the left and right ends of the transparent electrode 5 in FIG. 5 are vertical and the perpendicularity of the liquid crystal display panel is maintained.

Next, in order to form the photolitho-spacer 6 on a portion corresponding to the horizontal line 21 of the black matrix 2 on the second substrate 1, the transparent resin optomer NN700 (product) Is formed by a spin coating method.

The coating thickness of the photolithographic spacer 6 is
In order to determine the gap size of the liquid crystal cell, precise control of the film thickness is required.

In order to accurately control the thickness of the photolitho spacer 6 to the designed thickness, it is important to control the viscosity of the base material lot and the temperature and humidity of the coating environment. Strict control such as the final baking temperature and the processing time is required to provide the proper baking.

For example, in a clean room environment of class 100 at a room temperature of 22 ° C. ± 1 ° C. and a humidity of 50% ± 10%, the number of rotations of Optmer NN700 is 9 by a spin coating method.
300 mm x 400 mm under the condition of 00 rpm x 15 seconds
When applied to a glass substrate having a size of 5 mm, the thickness could be controlled with high precision of 5 μm ± 0.03 μm except for the range of the outer periphery of the glass substrate of 15 mm.

After that, as shown in FIG. 6E, a pattern of the photolitho spacer 6 is formed by a photolithography method, and a baking process is performed at a temperature of 200 ° C. to 250 ° C. to be cured, so that the hardness as the photolitho spacer 6 is obtained. Is given.

The position where the photolitho spacer 6 is formed is the intersection of the horizontal line and the vertical line of the black matrix 2, but as shown in FIG. 1, the horizontal line corresponding to the entry side in the rubbing direction. It is preferably formed at the end of the line 21 in the direction.

Here, if the photolitho spacer 6 is formed on the horizontal line 21 on the exit side in the rubbing direction,
The rubbing shadow is formed not on the horizontal line 21 but in the pixel portion.

Next, although not shown, the liquid crystal is oriented on the second substrate 1 on which the photolitho spacer 6 is formed at a predetermined position and the first substrate 10 on which electrodes are formed as described above. PSI-4104 (trade name) is formed on each of the substrates 1 and 10 by a printing method so as to have a thickness of about 80 nm.

Thereafter, a rubbing process is performed as an alignment process on the alignment films formed on the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 1, respectively.

As shown in FIG. 4, the direction and angle of the rubbing process on the alignment film are performed at an angle corresponding to the arrow a in the first substrate.

On the other hand, the second substrate on which the photolitho spacer 6 is formed is formed at an angle corresponding to the arrow b.

In the rubbing process, the rubbing shadow A region generated on the second substrate 1 on which the photolitho spacer 6 has been formed is located on the horizontal line 21 of the deformed lattice black matrix 2 as shown in FIG. A rubbing shadow with insufficient rubbing is not generated at all in the pixel portion just because it occurs.

Therefore, as a liquid crystal display device having an STN twist angle of more than 200 degrees, there is no such thing as to deteriorate the display quality in the pixel portion, and there is no display defect that impairs the display quality.

Then, as shown in FIG. 2, the first substrate 1
In order to fill the liquid crystal between 0 and the second substrate 1,
A sealing agent 8 is formed on the peripheral portion of one of the substrates by a printing method, and is heated while applying an appropriate pressing force to cure the sealing agent 8 and to superimpose the two substrates via a predetermined gap. .

Thereafter, STN liquid crystal is injected between the two substrates from the liquid crystal injection port, and the liquid crystal injection port is sealed to obtain a liquid crystal display device.

In the liquid crystal display device of the present invention, the photolitho spacer 6 is formed at the intersection of the vertical line and the horizontal line of the deformed lattice black matrix 2, and the spacer exists in the display pixel portion. No STN color liquid crystal display device can be formed.

According to the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, the horizontal lines 21 of the deformed lattice black matrix 2 are formed.
Is tilted so as to match the rubbing direction angle, so that even if a region where the alignment force is insufficient due to a rubbing shadow at the portion on the exit side in the rubbing direction is generated, the black matrix 2 Only on the line 21 in the direction, no rubbing shadow is formed in the pixel portion, and the display quality is not adversely affected.

As a result, the STN mode can cope with various twist angles, does not impair the viewing angle characteristics, has no roughness due to spacers, has high contrast, and has the photolithographic spacer 6 fixed to the second substrate 1. In addition, a color STN liquid crystal display device excellent in strength can be provided.

(Second Embodiment) Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described. The second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in the configuration of the black matrix, the configuration of the transparent electrode, and the configuration of the photolithographic spacer.
The manufacturing process is the same as in the first embodiment.

Hereinafter, the configuration of the STN liquid crystal display device according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 7 is a plan view showing the configuration of the liquid crystal display device according to the second embodiment and a method for manufacturing the same, and FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view. FIG. 9 is a plan view showing a configuration and a manufacturing method when the planar pattern shape of the photolithographic spacer of FIG. 1 used in the description of the first embodiment is changed from a columnar shape to a rectangular shape.

Hereinafter, description will be made with reference to FIGS. 7, 8 and 9 alternately.

(Description of Structure of Liquid Crystal Display) As shown in FIG. 8, the liquid crystal display of the present invention has a first substrate 10
It has a transparent electrode 11 and an alignment film 12 that has been subjected to an alignment process. On the second substrate 1, a black matrix 2, a color filter 3, an overcoat film 4, a transparent electrode 5, a rectangular photolitho spacer 6 formed by a photolithography method, and an alignment process are performed. And an alignment film 7.

Then, the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 1 are sealed by the sealant 8 formed on the peripheral portions of the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 1.
A liquid crystal layer 9 is sealed in a gap between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 1.

The distance between the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 1 of the display liquid crystal cell is an area corresponding to the position corresponding to the formation area of the black matrix 2 formed on the second substrate 1 for shielding light. The photolithographic spacers 6 formed between the transparent electrodes 5 are controlled so as to have uniform cell intervals.

The size of the rectangular photolithographic spacer 6 is such that the short side is formed to be smaller than the width of the black matrix 2 and the length of the long side is the exit side of the rubbing cloth when performing the orientation treatment. The rubbing shadow area is formed in a pixel portion where a plurality of color filters are formed without generating a rubbing shadow area.

The height of the photolitho spacer 6 is 1
It may be adjusted to correspond to display liquid crystal cells having various gap sizes.

When the planar pattern shape of the photolithographic spacer 6 is rectangular, the strength of the photolithographic spacer 6 itself can be further increased as compared with the columnar shape in the first embodiment.

Therefore, in the liquid crystal display device according to the second embodiment, the strength of the cell can be increased by forming the rectangular photolithographic spacer 6.

As a result, even if the short side width of the rectangular photolithographic spacer 2 is made smaller than the pattern width of the black matrix 2, the strength can be maintained at a certain level.

As a result, when the photolithographic spacer 2 is formed by the photolithography method, the alignment margin of the photomask is increased, the alignment margin is increased, and the productivity in manufacturing a liquid crystal display device is improved.

Next, the configuration of the liquid crystal display device will be described with reference to the plan view of FIG.

As shown in FIG. 7, the planar pattern shape of the lowermost black matrix 2 in FIG. 8 is such that the vertical side is vertical, but the horizontal side is a deformed lattice black inclined from the horizontal direction. It has the shape of a matrix 2.

The sides of the black matrix 2 in the horizontal direction are inclined for each of three colors of red (R), green (G), and blue (B) color filters, and the angle of the inclination matches the rubbing direction angle.

In FIG. 7, the color filter 3, the overcoat film 4, and the transparent electrode 5 formed on the deformed lattice-shaped black matrix 2 are not shown.

A rectangular photolitho spacer 6 is formed on a horizontal line 21 of the modified lattice black matrix 2, and an alignment film 7 is formed as shown in the sectional view of FIG.

In FIG. 7, the rectangular photolitho spacer 6 is formed in the R area and the G area of the color filter starting from the vicinity of the intersection of the vertical side and the horizontal side. The black matrix 2 is formed on the lateral side of the black matrix 2 corresponding to the region B of the color filter.

Here, as shown in FIG. 9, when the rubbing process of the alignment film 7 is performed along the arrow direction showing the rubbing direction and the angle, the photolithographic spacer 6 becomes 1 μm to 10 μm.
However, as described above, since the horizontal side of the black matrix 2 matches the rubbing direction angle, the rubbing shadow A region is formed, and the orientation is insufficient. Is generated on the horizontal line 21 of the black matrix 2.

The size of the rubbing shadow A increases as the height of the photolithographic spacer 6 increases.

Further, in the area of the rubbing shadow A, since the rubbing cloth has not sufficiently rubbed the alignment film 7,
As described above, the alignment force is weak and an alignment defect is generated.

However, in the liquid crystal display device according to the second embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 7, the area of the rubbing shadow A where the rubbing process is insufficient is provided around the display pixels and the black matrix for light shielding. 2 occurs only on the horizontal line 21 and does not occur on the display pixel portion.

If the gap size of the liquid crystal cell is desired to be as large as about 10 μm, the height of the photolithographic spacer 6 must be formed as thick as 10 μm.

As a result, the rubbing shadow increases to the rubbing shadow A ', and the rubbing shadow is formed up to the pixel portion 3' which is a color filter forming area.

However, as shown in FIG. 7 of the present invention, the horizontal lines 21 of the black matrix 2 are formed so as to be inclined so as to match the rubbing direction for each of the three color filters R, G and B. For example, a rectangular photolitho spacer 6 is formed only at the positions corresponding to the black matrix 2 in the R and G regions of the color filter, and is not formed in the color filter B portion.

As a result, even if the area of the rubbing shadow A is formed to be long, the area of the rubbing shadow A occurs only on the horizontal line 21 of the black matrix 2 for light shielding provided around the display pixels. However, it does not occur in the display pixel portion.

As a result, when the image is viewed from a viewer, the presence of the area of the rubbing shadow A due to the photolithographic spacer 6 is not recognized, and an effect that the display quality looks smooth is brought about.

Moreover, the rectangular spacer in this embodiment can occupy several times the area occupied by the columnar spacer, so that it is possible to provide a liquid crystal display device having a photolithographic spacer having excellent strength. it can.

(Third Embodiment) Next, a liquid crystal display device according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the plan view of FIG.

In the third embodiment, the photolithographic spacers 6 are formed on the horizontal lines of the black matrix 2 tilted so as to match the rubbing direction for each of R, G and B of each color filter. The planar pattern shape is rectangular.

The other structure is the same as the structure of the liquid crystal display device of the first and second embodiments, and a detailed description will be omitted.

When the height of the photolithographic spacer 6 is increased in accordance with the liquid crystal cell gap, a rectangular photolithographic spacer is formed so that the rubbing shadow is not formed in the pixel portion as in the rubbing shadow A 'shown in FIG. The length of the long side of the spacer 6 may be controlled to reduce the dimension of the long side.

That is, the rectangular photolitho spacer 6
May be controlled so that a rubbing shadow is not formed in the pixel portion.

In the third embodiment, since the occupied area can be several times as large as that of the columnar photolithospacer in the first embodiment, a liquid crystal having a photolithospacer excellent in strength is provided. A display device can be provided.

[0124]

As described above, the color STN liquid crystal display device having the photolithographic spacer has a structure in which no spacer is present in the display pixel portion without deteriorating the viewing angle characteristics. A high-contrast liquid crystal display device with excellent display quality without roughness can be provided.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a structure of a liquid crystal display according to an embodiment of the present invention and a method for manufacturing the same.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a structure of a liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention and a conventional technique and a method of manufacturing the same.

FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a structure of a conventional liquid crystal display device and a method of manufacturing the same.

FIG. 4 is a view showing rubbing angles and directions of a first substrate and a second substrate in a structure of a liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention and a conventional technique and a method of manufacturing the same.

FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a structure of a liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention and a transparent electrode in a method of manufacturing the same.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a structure of a liquid crystal display according to an embodiment of the present invention and a method of manufacturing the same.

FIG. 7 is a plan view showing a structure of a liquid crystal display device according to another embodiment of the present invention and a method of manufacturing the same.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a structure of a liquid crystal display device according to another embodiment of the present invention and a method of manufacturing the same.

FIG. 9 is a plan view showing a structure of a liquid crystal display according to another embodiment of the present invention and a method for manufacturing the same.

[Explanation of symbols]

1, 10: substrate 2: black matrix 3, 31, 32, 33: color filter 4: overcoat film 5, 11: transparent electrode 6: photolitho spacer 7, 12: alignment film 8: sealant 9: liquid crystal 21: horizontal Line A, B: rubbing shadow

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A liquid crystal display device in which liquid crystal is sandwiched between a pair of a first substrate and a second substrate, wherein one of the pair of substrates has a grid-like black matrix and a color filter. The vertical side of the black matrix is vertical, and the horizontal side of the black matrix is inclined so as to match the rubbing direction with the angle in each color unit of a plurality of color filters, and the vertical side of the black matrix is provided. A liquid crystal display device comprising a photolitho spacer disposed at an intersection of a horizontal side and a horizontal side. 2. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein a rubbing shadow due to rubbing is formed on a lateral side of the black matrix. 3. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the photolithographic spacer has a columnar or rectangular shape. 4. A liquid crystal display device in which liquid crystal is sandwiched between a pair of a first substrate and a second substrate, wherein one of the pair of substrates includes a grid-like black matrix and a color filter. The vertical side of the black matrix is vertical, and the horizontal side of the black matrix is tilted so as to match the rubbing direction with the rubbing direction in a plurality of units of a plurality of color filters. A liquid crystal display device comprising a rectangular photolithospacer starting from an intersection of a side and a side in the horizontal direction. 5. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 4, wherein a rubbing shadow due to rubbing is formed on a lateral side of the black matrix. 6. A liquid crystal display device in which a liquid crystal is sandwiched between a pair of a first substrate and a second substrate, wherein one of the pair of substrates includes a grid-like black matrix and a color filter. The vertical side of the black matrix is vertical, and the horizontal side of the black matrix is inclined so that the rubbing direction and the angle coincide with each other for each color of the plurality of color filters. A method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device, in which a photolitho spacer is arranged at an intersection of a horizontal side, comprising: a grid-like black matrix of a horizontal side and a vertical side corresponding to a rubbing direction; A step of sequentially forming a filter, an overcoat film, a transparent electrode, and a photolithographic spacer; forming an alignment film on the first substrate and the second substrate; Performing a rubbing alignment process for aligning the liquid crystal in accordance with the twist angles of various liquid crystals, and superposing the first substrate and the second substrate and injecting the liquid crystal. A method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device, characterized in that no spacer is present in the portion. 7. A liquid crystal display device in which a liquid crystal is sandwiched between a pair of a first substrate and a second substrate, wherein one of the pair of substrates includes a lattice-shaped black matrix and a color filter. The vertical side of the black matrix is vertical, and the horizontal side of the black matrix is inclined so as to match the rubbing direction and the angle in a plurality of units of a plurality of color filters. A method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device in which a rectangular photolitho spacer starting from an intersection of sides in a direction is arranged includes: a black matrix, a color filter, an overcoat film, a transparent electrode, and a photolitho spacer on a second substrate. Forming the alignment film on the first substrate and the second substrate, and performing a rubbing alignment process for aligning the liquid crystal. A step performed in accordance with a strike angle, wherein a spacer shadow does not exist in a display pixel portion of a liquid crystal display device in which a first substrate and a second substrate are overlapped and liquid crystal is injected. Of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device.