JPH11126229A - Grain treating method and grain treating apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a grain drying method and a grain drying apparatus which reduce the number of installed drying machines or temporary storage tanks, efficiently perform division in accordance with quality information and perform drying processing. SOLUTION: This grain treating method receives grain at grain receiving drying parts A and B and also repeats a grain receiving drying process which divides the received grain in accordance with quality information and dries it calculates the quality information and estimated yield of grain grown in a field that is an object of grain receiving with them associated with the field, inputs them by an inputting part I, corresponds to a grain receiving drying process of one time based on the input information by a grain receiving schedule setting means 61a and sets a grain receiving schedule that receives the grain of each field in accordance with which grain receiving drying processing process on the condition of receiving the amount that is suitable to a dying capability in one time grain receiving drying process.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a grain processing method for receiving a grain, repeating a receiving and drying process of sorting and drying the received grain according to quality information, and a grain using the processing method. Regarding processing equipment.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In such a grain processing method, grains delivered from a plurality of producers are received in a single receiving and drying process, and are separated and dried according to quality information. Conventionally, the time of the receiving and drying process for delivery is left to the will of the supplier (eg, a farmer). Then, in accordance with the intention of each supplier, the grain delivered from multiple suppliers per one receiving and drying process is received, and the quality information of the grain is measured for each supplier, and the measurement is performed. Based on the information, it was separated and dried according to the quality information.

[0003]

Therefore, conventionally, in a single receiving and drying process, grains of various quality information are received. On the other hand, the received grain having a high moisture content needs to be dried to a predetermined moisture content within a certain period of time in order to prevent a decrease in quality. Therefore, it is necessary to simultaneously dry grains of various pieces of quality information for each piece of quality information, and therefore, it is necessary to increase the number of dryers for drying the grains. On the other hand, when the grains are temporarily stored before drying and are sequentially dried according to quality information, it is necessary to increase the number of temporary storage tanks for temporarily storing the grains. In addition, there is also a problem that the number of times of drying in order increases and the efficiency of the drying process is low. Therefore, in any case, it leads to an increase in cost, and improvement has been desired.

The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and has as its object to reduce the number of dryers or temporary storage tanks to be installed and to efficiently separate and dry in accordance with quality information. It is an object of the present invention to provide a grain drying treatment method and a grain drying treatment facility that can perform the above.

[0005]

According to the characteristic configuration of the present invention, the quality information and the expected harvest amount of the grains cultivated in the receiving target field are obtained in a state where they are associated with the field. Then, based on the quality information and the expected harvest amount obtained in a state associated with the field, as a field to receive in response to one receiving and drying process, the drying capacity in one receiving and drying process is adapted. The receiving schedule is set by setting a field where the quality information is the same or the difference in the quality information is as small as possible under the condition of receiving the quantity to be received. Therefore, the number of separations for separating and drying according to the quality information can be reduced to one or as small as possible. Separate drying treatment is now possible. Alternatively, in the case where grains are temporarily stored in a temporary storage tank according to quality information before drying and are sequentially dried according to quality information, the number of temporary storage tanks to be installed can be reduced, and the number of times of drying in order As a result, it is possible to efficiently separate and dry according to the quality information.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the quality information of the cereals cultivated in the field to be received, the optimal harvesting time that is suitable for harvesting, and the expected harvest amount are associated with the field. Ask by state. Then, based on the quality information obtained in a state associated with the field, the optimal harvest time, and the expected harvest amount, the drying process in one receiving drying process is performed as a field to receive in response to one receiving drying process. Set the fields where the quality information is the same or the difference of the quality information is as small as possible under the condition of receiving the quantity that matches the capacity, and the harvest can be harvested at the optimal harvest time or as close as possible to the optimal harvest time according to the receiving time By doing so, a receiving schedule is set. Therefore, in terms of reducing the number of dryers or temporary storage tanks to be installed, the grain is harvested at a time suitable for harvesting or as close as possible to the optimal time for harvesting, although it is slightly inferior to that according to the characteristic configuration of claim 1. be able to. As a result, while reducing the number of dryers or temporary storage tanks installed, the grain can be efficiently separated and dried in accordance with the quality information, and the production amount of high-quality grain can be increased. It has become possible to provide a drying treatment method.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the storage step of separating and storing cereals dried in the receiving and drying process in accordance with quality information, the cereals are separately stored in accordance with the quality information. The sorting mode, that is, the number of sorting, the range of the quality information for each sorting unit, and the storage amount for each sorting unit are set based on the obtained quality information and the expected yield. Therefore, the difference between the storage amount set for each sorting unit and the actual storage amount can be suppressed, so that sorting and storage can be performed appropriately according to the set sorting mode. Therefore, there is no need to unnecessarily set the entire storage capacity of the storage process,
The amount can be set to an appropriate amount corresponding to the anticipated overall receiving requirement, and cost reduction has become possible.

Conventionally, the sorting mode is set empirically in advance based on past receiving results (quality information and receiving volume) and the like, and based on the sorting mode set empirically in advance. Then, the grain was sorted and stored according to the quality information. However, the quality information of the harvested grain may vary from one cultivation unit (for example, year). Therefore, in such a case, in the method of empirically setting the sorting mode in advance, the actual storage amount of some sorting units becomes too large or too small with respect to the set storage amount, and the setting is made. However, there is a problem that it is not possible to properly separate and store according to the sorted form. Therefore, in order to prevent a problem that the actual storage amount for a part corresponding to a part of the sorting unit in the storage unit is too large than the set amount and the storage is not completely partitioned, the total storage capacity of the storage process is reduced. However, in some cases, the amount is set to be larger than an appropriate amount corresponding to the expected required amount of receiving cargo, but such a case leads to an increase in cost.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the quality information and the expected harvest amount of the grain cultivated in the field to be received are obtained in a state where the quality information and the expected harvest amount are associated with the field, and the information thus obtained is obtained. Is input by the input unit. The receiving schedule setting means, based on the information input by the input unit, receives a quantity suitable for the drying processing capacity in one receiving drying processing step as a receiving field corresponding to one receiving drying processing step. Under such conditions, the receiving schedule is set by setting a field where the quality information is the same or the difference of the quality information is as small as possible. Therefore,
The number of separations to separate and dry according to the quality information can be reduced to one or as small as possible, so the number of dryers installed can be reduced and the separation and drying can be efficiently performed according to the quality information. Can be processed. Alternatively, in the case where grains are temporarily stored in a temporary storage tank according to quality information before drying and are sequentially dried according to quality information, the number of temporary storage tanks to be installed can be reduced, and the number of times of drying in order As a result, it is possible to efficiently separate and dry according to the quality information.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the quality information of the grains cultivated in the field to be received, the optimal harvesting time, which is a time suitable for harvesting, and the expected harvest amount are associated with the field. Obtained in the state, and input the obtained information through the input unit. The receiving schedule setting means, based on the information input by the input unit, receives a quantity suitable for the drying processing capacity in one receiving drying processing step as a receiving field corresponding to one receiving drying processing step. By setting a field where the quality information is the same or the difference between the quality information is as small as possible and the harvest time is set at the optimal harvest time or as close to the optimal harvest time as possible, the receiving schedule can be adjusted. Set. Therefore, in terms of reducing the number of dryers or temporary storage tanks to be installed, the grain is harvested at a time suitable for harvesting or as close as possible to the optimal harvesting time, although it is slightly inferior to that according to the characteristic configuration of claim 4. be able to. As a result, while reducing the number of dryers or temporary storage tanks installed, the grain can be efficiently separated and dried in accordance with the quality information, and the production amount of high-quality grain can be increased. Drying equipment can be provided.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, the sorting mode setting means is configured to store the grains dried in the receiving and drying processing section in accordance with the quality information in the storage section for sorting and storing the grains in accordance with the quality information. The sorting mode for sorting and storing, that is, the number of sorting, the range of the quality information for each sorting unit, and the storage amount for each sorting unit are set based on the quality information input by the input unit and the expected yield. Therefore, the difference between the storage amount set for each sorting unit and the actual storage amount can be suppressed, so that sorting and storage can be performed appropriately according to the set sorting mode. Therefore, it is not necessary to set the entire storage capacity of the storage unit unnecessarily large, and it is possible to set the storage capacity to an appropriate amount corresponding to the expected total receiving capacity,
Cost reduction has become possible.

Conventionally, the sorting mode is set empirically in advance based on past receiving results (quality information and receiving quantity), and based on the sorting mode set empirically in advance. Then, the grain was sorted and stored according to the quality information. However, the quality information of the harvested grain may vary from one cultivation unit (for example, year). Therefore, in such a case, in the method of empirically setting the sorting mode in advance, the actual storage amount of some sorting units becomes too large or too small with respect to the set storage amount, and the setting is made. However, there is a problem that it is not possible to properly separate and store according to the sorted form. Therefore, in order to prevent a problem that the actual storage amount for a part corresponding to a part of the sorting unit in the storage unit is too large than the set amount and the storage is not completely partitioned, the total storage capacity of the storage unit is reduced. However, in some cases, the amount is set to be larger than an appropriate amount corresponding to the expected required amount of receiving cargo, but such a case leads to an increase in cost.

[0013]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

[First Embodiment] Hereinafter, based on FIG. 1 to FIG.
A first embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a grain processing facility for processing rice will be described. As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the grain processing equipment includes a receiving unit A that performs a receiving process of a grain supplied by a supplier, a drying unit B that performs a drying process on the received grain according to a quality level, and a grain after drying. It comprises a storage unit C for sorting and storing by quality, a hulling adjustment unit D for grain, a shipping unit E for shipping grain, and the like. The receiving and drying section A, B constitutes a receiving and drying section. The receiving and drying sections A and B perform a receiving and drying process for receiving the grains and drying the received grains by quality level, for example, every day. It is configured to repeat.

Further, as shown in FIG. 11, a main control unit 61 which controls various kinds of grain processing equipment and processes various kinds of input information, quality information and prediction information of grains cultivated in a receiving field. An input unit I for inputting a harvest amount in a state of being associated with a field, and a drying process in one receiving drying process corresponding to one receiving drying process based on information input by the input unit I. Receiving schedule setting means 61a for setting a receiving schedule for determining which receiving and drying process the grain in each field is to be received in under the condition of receiving the amount matching the capacity, and the storage unit C corresponding to the quality information. Sorting mode setting means 61b for setting a sorting mode for sorting and storing based on the quality information and the expected yield input by the input unit I; An output unit 63 for outputting a load-receiving schedule set at step 61a is provided. Although details will be described later, the receiving schedule setting means 61a and the sorting mode setting means 61b are configured by using the main control device 61.

The receiving section A includes a receiving hopper 1 as a receiving section for receiving cereals, a receiving conveyor 2 for laterally feeding the grains from the receiving hopper 1, a first lifting conveyor 3 for discharging the grains, and temporarily storing the grains. Flow adjusting tank 4, roughing machine 5 for removing foreign matter such as straw waste from grain,
It comprises two sets of load receiving weighing machines 6 and the like for weighing the grains discharged from the roughing machine 5. The drying unit B includes a plurality of storage bins 8 for temporary storage, each of which is provided with two sets corresponding to the two sets of the reception unit A, in order to store grains supplied from the reception unit A, A dryer k and the like for performing a drying process of the grain supplied from the storage bin 8 are provided. The storage section C is provided with a plurality of silos 9 as storages for storing dried grains. Note that all the silos 9 are formed such that their storage capacities are the same. The hulling adjustment unit D is provided with an adjustment tank 10, a selection machine 11, a weighing machine 12 for sale, a hulling adjustment device 13, a destoning machine 14, and the like. Shipping weighing machines 16 and 17 and a plurality of shipping tanks 18 are provided. Although not shown, these machines are arranged three-dimensionally (multi-story) using the internal space of the building.

Next, a transport route for transporting grains in this facility will be described. The receiving hopper 1
Of the undried grain from the receiving conveyor 2
After being transported in the horizontal direction by the first conveyor 3
After being transported to the upper part by the above, temporarily stored in the flow rate adjusting tank 4 and foreign matter such as straw chips mixed therein by the roughing machine 5, it is weighed by the load receiving weighing machine 6. . If the function of the flow rate adjusting tank 4 is explained, the weighing machine for receiving 6 is configured as a so-called batch type weighing machine, so that the weighing machine for receiving 6 temporarily stores grains therein during weighing. State. Therefore, the next measurement cannot be performed unless the grain received for measurement is discharged. Therefore, by providing two storage sections in the flow rate adjusting tank 4 and storing the grain in the other storage section while one of the storage sections is performing the weighing operation, the grain received earlier Even if the weighing is not completed, the next receiving process can be started, and the efficiency of the receiving process can be improved. However, when the receiving amount is large, there is a case where the two receiving units store the grain in the same receiving destination in a state of being distributed. The weighed grains discharged from the receiving weighing machine 6 are lifted upward by the second lifting conveyor 7 and stored in one of the storage bins 8 via the relay conveyor 19 and the moving conveyor 20. become.
The grains stored in the storage bins 8 are selectively opened by separately opening shutters 21 provided at a discharge portion at a lower end portion of each storage bin 8 and discharged from the lower end portions thereof. And transported upward by the third transport conveyor 23, and further transported by the transport conveyor 24 to a position near a silo or a drying unit,
The switching valve 25 can switch between sending to the dryer k and sending to the storage process. The dryer k
In the case of sending to the drying machine k, the grain pumped by the fourth pumping conveyor 26 is put into the dryer k, and in the case of sending to the storage step, the grain is pumped by the fifth pumping conveyor 27,
The switching valve 28 switches between transport to the storage bin 8 and transport to the silo 9. The cereal discharged from the lower end of the dryer k is switched by the switching valve 29 between the state in which the cereal is introduced into the dryer k again and the state in which the grain is returned to the start end of the fifth conveyor 27. When the grain is sent to the storage step, the grain is selectively supplied to any of the silos 9 by the upper conveyor 30. Silo 9
The grain discharged from the lower end of the conveyor is discharged by a switching valve 31 to a drying conveyor 32 for returning to a fourth lifting conveyor 26 for drying, or a shipping conveyor 33a for conveying to a shipping process. , 33b.

The switching valve 31 is switched so as to be conveyed to a shipping process, and a rotary valve (not shown) provided separately at the lower end of the silo 9 is operated, whereby the first shipping conveyor 33a is operated. The grain discharged from the second shipping conveyor 33b is supplied to the flow control tank 1
In addition, it is conveyed to the fine-selection machine 11 or the weighing machine 12 for sale via 0. However, the grain discharged from the selection machine 11 can be transported to the weighing machine 12 for sale. Grains weighed by the weighing machine 12 for sale are transported to the hulling adjustment device 13 after being transported by the sixth transport conveyor 35. However, the sixth
A switching valve 36 is provided at the end of the hoisting conveyor 35, and the grain discharged by the sixth hoisting conveyor 35 is silo 9
Can be returned to the silo 9 from the horizontal feed conveyor 37 on the upper side of the upper side.

The grains discharged from the hulling adjusting device 13 are as follows:
It is lifted upward by the seventh lifting conveyor 38 via the quarrying machine 14 and transported via the switching valve 39 to the adjustment tank 15 of the shipping weighing machine 16 or another shipping weighing machine 17. It has become. The grains discharged from the shipping weighing machine 17 are lifted upward by an eighth lifting conveyor 40, and are sorted into a plurality of shipping tanks 18 by a predetermined amount via a horizontal transportation conveyor 41. It is designed to be stored in the state where it was done. The grain discharged from the shipping tank 18 is discharged from the shipping transport conveyor 42 to a loading platform of a transport truck or the like and shipped.

A blower 45 is provided at the lower end of the storage bin 8 for blowing air into the storage space in a state shared by a plurality of storage bins. The blower 45 discharges the internal air from above the storage bin 8 to the outside. A suction type exhaust fan 46 is provided.

Next, the input unit I will be described. As shown in FIG. 5, the input unit I includes a huller 71 for hulling sample hulling, and quality measurement for measuring the quality information of the sample brown rice after hulling by the huller 71 using spectral analysis. Device 7
2. A keyboard 73 for inputting various information such as the area of the field,
A communication device 74 that wirelessly communicates with the communication device 62 (see FIG. 11) on the main control device 61 side, and an input unit control device 75 that performs various controls of the input unit I and processes information input from the keyboard 73 In addition to being configured, they are configured to be mounted on a vehicle and mounted on a vehicle. That is, a sample paddy is collected from rice cultivated in each field around the farmers' fields, and the quality measurement device 7 is used for the sample paddy.
2, so that the taste can be measured as quality information. Further, based on the area of the field input from the keyboard 73, the input unit control device 75 calculates the expected harvest amount in the field. Then, the main control unit 61 is controlled by the input unit control device 75 in a state where the taste and the expected harvest amount are associated with the identification number of the farmer for each field.
The communication device 74 is controlled so as to be transmitted to the communication device 62 on the side. The information received by the communication device 62 is input to the main control device 61.

In order to reduce the difference between the quality information measured for the sample paddy and the quality information of the received paddy, the quality information is measured at a time as close as possible to the optimal harvest time before the optimal harvest time. To The optimal harvest time is set based on, for example, the number of days elapsed from the heading time (for example, about 40 days) and the integrated temperature (for example, 1000 degrees) from the heading time.

In this grain processing facility, when the supplier puts in grain, the receptionist U first completes the reception processing, and then puts the grain in the receiving hopper 1. The grain processing facility is configured to perform a drying process in the dryer k in a state of being separated on the basis of the sorting information and to store the separated product in the storage unit C. Before receiving, that is, collecting sample paddy as a sample grain from the cereal to be put in after acceptance, and detecting the classification information without drying the sample paddy collected. A device F is provided.

Next, the quality judging device F will be described. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, an input port 48 into which the sample paddy collected from the grain is input and a touch panel 49 for an artificial operation are provided on the front of the apparatus.
Cell 50 for detecting the total weight of sample paddy flowing down from the container, hulling machine 51 for hulling the sample paddy, load cell 52 for measuring the weight of brown rice after hulling, trait quality of the sample paddy, for example, immature Appearance grade meter 53 for measuring the appearance quality of grains, damaged grains, dead rice, coloring, cracks, etc., quality measuring device 54 for measuring quality information of sample paddy using spectral analysis, and sorting The apparatus is provided with a grain sorter 55, a load cell 56 for measuring the weight of the sized grains, and a transport section 57 for transporting the paddy between them. still,
As shown in FIG. 4, the input port 48 is provided with a rotary valve 58 whose operation time can be changed and adjusted so that a set amount of sample paddy can be supplied from the input paddy and the set amount is supplied a plurality of times. You can do it. The paddy remaining at the input port 48 is supplied to the flow path switching valve 5.
By switching 9, it can be discharged from the discharge unit 60 to the outside via the outlet side path and collected.

Then, after the total weight of the sample paddy is measured and hulling is performed, the weight of brown rice is measured, and the sample paddy is distributed to the appearance quality meter 53 and the quality measuring device 54 so that they are parallel. To perform a predetermined measurement. The measurement results are input to a main controller 61 as described later. Further, the yield is measured from the sizing weight measured after the grain sorting, the brown rice weight, the whole paddy weight, and the like.
To be entered.

[0025] After charging the grain into the receiving hopper 1 and charging the sample paddy into the charging port 48, the supplier U receives the identification number (for example, home telephone number) and the target grain at the reception U. Information such as a production lot number (field number, etc.), varieties of cereals, and information on which one of the two receiving hoppers 1 is to be fed are input. The information is input to the control device 61, and based on the input information, subsequent processing of the grain, quality measurement information, and the like are managed.

The quality measuring devices 54 and 72 will be further described with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIG.
The quality measuring devices 54 and 72 have the same configuration, and include a sample holding unit 76 that holds a sample for measurement, and a tungsten-type material that emits infrared light as measurement light to the sample held by the sample holding unit 76. Light source 7 consisting of a halogen lamp
7, a spectroscopy unit 78 that obtains a spectral spectrum by separating transmitted light from the sample, and a processing unit 79 that obtains taste as quality information based on the spectral spectrum obtained by the spectroscopic unit 78. It is.

As shown in FIGS. 7 to 9, the sample holding section 76 is connected to a funnel-shaped sample input hopper 81 and an outlet 81e of the sample input hopper 81, and flows down from the outlet 81e. Square tube-shaped cell 8 for storing sample
2, an inlet shutter 83 interposed at the communication connection between the sample input hopper 81 and the cell 82, and an outlet shutter 84 interposed at the outlet of the cell 82. The cell 82 is formed in a rectangular cylindrical shape having a rectangular cross-sectional shape, and a pair of cylindrical wall portions forming a long side portion of the rectangular cross-section among the cylindrical wall portions of the cell 82 are formed of transparent glass. It is formed. Then, the light from the light source 77 passes through the pair of transparent cylindrical walls of the cell 82, and the light from the light source 77, the sample holder 76, and the spectroscopy 78
Are arranged in a positional relationship such that they are incident on

The sample input hopper 81 has an elliptical cross section, and has a major axis R _L and a minor axis R in the elliptical cross section.
Ratio of _S (R _L / R _S) is are formed in the larger funnel-shaped as outlet 81e side. Then, the sample input hopper 81
And the cell 82 are connected so that the major axis direction of the sample input hopper 81 and the long side direction of the cell 82 point in the same direction.

Since the quality measuring devices 54 and 72 sample brown rice with a high moisture content that has not been harvested and dried, the brown rice with such a high moisture content is supplied from the sample input hopper 81 to the cell. The dimensions of the sample input hopper 81 and the cell 82 are set as described below so as to smoothly flow down to 82. That is, as shown in FIGS. 7 to 9, the inner dimension L1 of the short diameter portion at the discharge port 81e of the sample input hopper 81 and the angles α1 and α2 formed by the long diameter portion of the sample input hopper 81 and the axis are respectively. , Are set as follows. Also, as shown in FIGS. 7 to 9,
The inner dimension L2 in the short side direction of the cell 82 is set as follows. L1: 20 to 30 mm α1: 35 ° ± 5 ° α2: 35 ° ± 5 ° L2: 18 to 25 mm When the angles α1 and α2 are smaller than the above set values, the brown rice having a high moisture content is clogged. In a large case, it is difficult to uniformly supply brown rice to the cell 82.
Further, when the inner dimension L2 in the short side direction of the cell 82, that is, the optical path length of the light from the light source 1 passing through the sample is smaller than the above set value, the amount of transmitted light is too large. , The amount of transmitted light is too small, and in any case, the measurement accuracy deteriorates. As shown in FIG. 6, the spectroscopic unit 78 includes a reflecting mirror 86 that reflects light incident on the dark box 85 in a dark box 85 made of aluminum into which transmitted light transmitted through the sample enters through the entrance hole 85i. A concave diffraction grating 87 that spectrally reflects the light reflected by the light 86 and an array-type light receiving element 88 that detects the light flux intensity for each wavelength spectrally reflected by the concave diffraction grating 87 are provided. The array-type light receiving element 88 simultaneously receives the diffusely reflected light spectrally reflected by the concave diffraction grating 87 for each wavelength and converts it into a signal for each wavelength and outputs the signal.

The processing section 79 is constituted by using a microcomputer, and processes an output signal from the array type light receiving element 87 to obtain an absorbance spectrum and a second derivative in a wavelength region of the absorbance spectrum. Based on the second derivative, quality information based on the components contained in brown rice is calculated based on the following arithmetic expression (hereinafter referred to as a calibration expression). Y = K ₀ + K ₁ × A (λ ₁ ) + K ₂ × A (λ ₂ ) + K ₃
× A (λ ₃ ): Y: quality information A (λ ₁ ), A (λ ₂ ), A (λ ₃ ): secondary of absorbance at measurement wavelength λ that is correlated with desired quality information Derivative value K ₀ , K ₁ , K ₂ , K ₃ ... coefficient

The processing section 79 has a special
A fixed calibration formula is set. In other words, in the above calibration equation
Measurement wavelength λ that is correlated with the required quality information₁,
λ_Two, Λ _Three..., coefficient K₀, K₁, K_Two, K_Three......
It is set for each item of quality information. For example, as quality information
When the taste is measured by using the wavelength and wavelength, as shown in FIG.
And coefficients are set. By the way, paddy with high moisture content is
Rice hulls are difficult to remove and rice is easy to contain in the sample.
You. Therefore, even if paddy is contained in the sample, it will not affect the paddy.
Measurement wavelength so that taste can be accurately measured without receiving
Is correlated with the required quality information and
And the quality information that is required
Wave when the amount of light decreases when there is
Set to include the wavelength for cancellation consisting of
is there. In FIG. 10, a symbol λ indicating the wavelength for measurement is used.₁, Λ_Two, Λ
_Three..., Followed by the symbol C is the wavelength for cancellation.
It is.

Each term Kn × A (λn) in the above calibration equation
In the term corresponding to the wavelength for cancellation, there is a term in which the calculated value is reduced by mixing the paddy into the sample, and conversely, a term in which the calculated value is increased, even if the sample contains paddy, Since the decrease in the term where the operation value becomes smaller and the increase in the term where the operation value becomes larger cancel each other, the taste can be measured with high accuracy.

The main controller 61, based on the quality information (eating quality) and the expected harvest amount (that is, the receiving amount) for each field input at the input unit I, and the quality information Q as shown in FIG. The relationship between the quantity M and the quantity M is determined, and a sorting form for sorting and storing the received grains having the relationship between the quality information Q and the received quantity M in accordance with the quality information Q is set. For example,
In the case where the quality levels are sorted and stored in three levels, the thresholds H1 and H2 of the quality information for dividing the quality levels into three levels of Q (A), Q (B) and Q (C) (where H2> H
1) and quality levels Q (A), Q (B), Q (C)
Set storage amount M (A), M for each level corresponding to each
(B) and M (C) are set. However, quality information Q
Is the quality level Q (A) when the range is equal to or more than the threshold H2, the quality level Q (B) is the range where the quality information Q is equal to or more than the threshold H1 and less than the threshold H2, and the quality information Q is the threshold. The range below H1 is set as the quality level Q (C).
Note that there are three methods for setting the sorting mode as described below, and it is possible to select which method is used to set the sorting mode. (1) Two threshold values H1 and H2 (where H2> H1)
Is set in advance. Then, based on the relationship between the quality information Q and the received amount M, the expected harvest amount corresponding to the quality information falling within the range of the quality level Q (A) is integrated, and the value M is obtained.
(A) is the set storage amount for each level corresponding to the quality level Q (A). Similarly, the expected harvest amount corresponding to the quality information falling within the range of the quality level Q (B) is integrated, and its value M
(B) is the set storage amount for each level corresponding to the quality level Q (B), and the expected harvest amount corresponding to the quality information falling within the range of the quality level Q (C) is integrated, and its value M
(C) is a set storage amount for each level corresponding to the quality level Q (C). Then, in the storage unit C, the quality level Q
(A), Q (B), and Q (C), respectively, so that the storage amount M (A) can be separated and stored in the storage amounts M (A), M (B), and M (C). ), M (B), and M (C) are set corresponding to each of the silos 9.

(2) Three quality levels Q (A), Q
The set storage amount for each level is set in advance for each of M (A), M (B), and M (C) in association with (B) and Q (C), respectively. That is, the quality levels Q (A), Q (B), Q
(C) The number of silos 9 is set in advance for each of them. Then, based on the relationship between the quality information Q and the received amount M, all the received grains can be sorted and stored in three levels of set storage amounts M (A), M (B), and M (C). Two thresholds H1 and H2 of the quality information Q are set.

(3) Only the number of classifications for storing separately is set in advance. Then, the quality information Q and the received quantity M
Based on the relationship with, for example, the quality level is Q (A),
Two thresholds H1 and H2 for classifying into three stages of Q (B) and Q (C), and quality levels Q (A) and Q
(B), Q (C) Set storage amount M for each level corresponding to each
(A), M (B), and M (C) are both set.

Next, a procedure when the main control device 61 sets a receiving schedule will be described with reference to a flowchart shown in FIG. Based on the quality information (eating quality) for each field and the expected harvest amount (that is, the received amount) input by the input unit I, the quality information Q indicates the field to be received on the first day of the receiving day and the quality level Q (A), Q
(B) and Q (C) are selected from among the selected ones. Subsequently, the expected yield of the selected field is integrated, and it is checked whether the integrated value does not exceed the daily drying capacity. If not, the expected yield is integrated for each farmer. Then, it is checked whether the integrated value does not exceed the harvesting ability of the farmer in one day, and if not, the selected field is set as the field to receive on the first day of the receiving target day. When the daily drying capacity is exceeded,
Alternatively, when the daily harvesting capacity of the farmer is exceeded, the field is preferentially selected from fields having high quality information Q, and again, the daily processing capacity is not exceeded. Check that the harvesting capacity has not been exceeded.

The above procedure is sequentially repeated from the second day of the receiving day onward, and when the setting of the receiving day for all the fields is completed, the receiving day, the fields to be received on that day, and the farmers who own the fields are confirmed. In a state where the identification information is associated, the output unit 63 outputs the received schedule as a receipt schedule.

Then, based on the receiving schedule, each farmer is notified of a receiving target date for each field. Therefore, each farmer harvests each field in accordance with the receiving date.

FIG. 11 shows the movement state of the grains in the whole grain processing facility and the flow of various measurement information. Grains brought in from a plurality of suppliers (farmers) are based on the quality information measured by the quality measuring device 54 of the quality measuring device F and the sorting form set by the main control device 61, as described above. Subsequent processes such as a drying process are separated and processed.

The main controller 61 specifically performs the following operation. That is, the received grain is converted to quality levels Q (A), Q (B), Q
(C) The configuration is such that the state of transport of the grains in each of the transport conveyors and each of the unloading conveyors and the switching operation of each switching valve are performed in a preset order so as to perform separate sorting.

Next, a description will be given of a classification process in which quality information of a grain is measured and the quality information is measured based on the measured information. still,
Since each farmer delivers cereals based on the receiving schedule set as described above, it is possible to receive cereals of the same quality level from a plurality of farmers per day. When the supplier inputs the sample paddy collected from the cereal at the reception into the input port 48, inputs the input information, and instructs the touch panel 49 to start measurement, the measurement by the quality determination device F is started. . After that, the grain is put into the receiving hopper 1 and the conveyance of the grain is started.

The quality information (taste), trait grade and water measurement information measured by the quality judgment device F are transmitted to the main control device 61 immediately after the measurement is completed. Then, the main control device 61, based on the measurement information of the quality information,
From among the plurality of storage bins 8, a storage bin 8 for storing grains is selected so as to be separately stored for each of the quality levels Q (A), Q (B), and Q (C). The weighing by the weighing machine 6 is started. When the weighing is completed, the weighing information is transmitted to main controller 61. still,
The selection of the storage bin 8 by the main control device 61 is, specifically, moving the whole of the moving conveyor 20 provided above the storage bin 8 in the horizontal direction so that the grain discharge position (the lower end in the transport direction) The adjustment is performed by adjusting the position of the storage bin 8 so that the storage bin 8 is located above the storage bin 8. This moving conveyor 2
Numeral 0 allows the transport direction to be switched between forward and reverse, so that the discharge position can be selectively adjusted for any of the storage bins 8 while reducing the amount of lateral movement.

Thereafter, the grain is discharged from the storage bin 8 and transported to the dryer k to perform the drying process. At this time, based on the measurement information of the quality information,
Separate drying processing is performed for each of the quality levels Q (A), Q (B), and Q (C). Subsequently, when the drying is completed, the quality levels Q (A), Q (Q) are determined based on the measurement information of the quality information.
(B) and Q (C) are stored in the silos 9 corresponding to the respective quality levels so as to be separately stored, and the shipping process is performed as appropriate. In addition, since grains of the same quality level can be received per day, grains of the same quality level can be dried for one day.
There is no need to perform a separate drying process.

[Second Embodiment] A second embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. In the present embodiment, in addition to the taste and the expected harvest amount, an appropriate harvest time is input by the input unit I in association with the identification number of the farmer. The optimal harvest time is set based on, for example, the number of days elapsed from the heading time (for example, about 40 days) or the integrated temperature (for example, 1000 degrees) from the heading time, and the optimal harvest time set as such is input from the keyboard 73. .

The main controller 61 sets the receiving schedule based on the quality information (eating quality), the expected harvest amount (that is, the receiving amount) and the optimal harvesting time for each field input by the input unit I. It is configured. Next, based on the flowchart shown in FIG.
A procedure for setting a receiving schedule will be described. Based on the information input by the input unit I, as a field to be received on the first day of the receiving day, the number of the quality information Q is as small as possible (for example, at most two, preferably one Quality levels Q (A), Q
(B) and Q (C) are selected. That is,
Upon harvesting according to the receiving date, select a field so that it can be harvested at or near the optimal time for harvesting, and then integrate the expected yield of the selected field,
Check that the integrated value does not exceed the daily drying capacity, and if not, add the expected yield for each farmer, and the integrated value exceeds the farmer's daily harvesting capacity. It is checked whether it is not exceeded, and if it is not exceeded, the selected field is set as the field to be received on the receiving day on the first day. When the daily drying capacity is exceeded, or when the farmer's daily harvesting capacity is exceeded, priority is given to the field having high quality information Q, and the daily drying capacity is selected again. And check that the farmers' daily harvesting capacity has not been exceeded.

The above procedure is sequentially repeated from the second day of the receiving day onward, and when the setting of the receiving day on all the fields is completed, the receiving day, the fields to be received on that day, and the farmers who own the fields are confirmed. In a state where the identification information is associated, the output unit 63 outputs the received schedule as a receipt schedule.

Then, based on the receiving schedule, each farmer is notified of the receiving target date for each field. Therefore, each farmer harvests each field in accordance with the receiving date, and the harvest can be made at or near the optimal harvest time.

[Another Embodiment] Next, another embodiment will be described. (B) As shown in FIG. 15, a plurality of dryers k are installed without installing storage bins 8 and temporarily storing received grains in storage bins 8 while installing a plurality of dryers k.
May be supplied according to the quality level, so that grains of different quality levels can be dried in parallel at the same time. This case is suitable, for example, when the quality level is divided into multiple stages and stored separately. For example, as shown in FIG. 15, three dryers k are installed, and the quality level is set to Q (A),
When classifying into six stages of Q (B), Q (C), Q (D), Q (E) and Q (F), one day, Q (A), Q (A)
(B), Q (C) three grades of quality level grain are received, and on another day, Q (D), Q (E), Q (F) three grade level grain are received. , Set the receiving schedule. Then, the grains having three quality levels are simultaneously dried in parallel using three dryers k per day, and when the drying is completed, the grains corresponding to the respective quality levels are stored separately. Store in silo 9.

(B) In each of the above embodiments, the taste is measured as quality information, and the taste is separately stored on the basis of the measured information. And measure any one of the amylose content and the like, based on the measurement information,
You may comprise so that it may separate and store. Or taste,
Determine the quality level by at least two or more of water content, protein content, amylose content, etc.,
You may comprise so that classification storage may be carried out based on the determination information. When judging the quality level based on the quality information of a plurality of items in this way, in addition to the internal quality information such as taste, moisture content, protein content and amylose content, as the quality information, appearance quality information such as trait quality is included. May be included.

(C) It is known how grain quality information changes with time before and after the optimal harvest time. Therefore, the quality information measured before the harvest is corrected based on the relationship between the previously known quality information and the passage of time so as to be the quality information at the time of harvesting or receiving the cargo, and the corrected quality information is input to the input unit. It may be configured to input at I. In this case, the quality information for setting the classification mode,
Since the difference between the actual quality information at the time of receiving the cargo, that is, the quality information measured by the quality measuring device 54 can be reduced, the difference between the set storage amount for each level set for each sorting unit and the actual storage amount can be obtained. Can be further suppressed, and can be appropriately sorted and stored.

(D) In each of the above embodiments, the case where the quality level is set to three levels has been described.
It may be set in two stages, or may be set in four or more stages.

(E) In the first embodiment,
Although the case where the input unit I is configured to be mounted on a vehicle and configured so that the quality information and the information on the expected harvest amount are wirelessly transmitted to the main control device 61 is illustrated, instead of this,
It can be configured as follows. For example, huller 7
1. Quality measurement device 72, keyboard 73, communication device 74
And the input unit control device 75 may be mounted on a combine, a sample paddy may be collected by the combine, and the control unit may be configured to measure quality information on the collected paddy as a target. . Alternatively, while making the quality measuring device portable, the quality information of the paddy cultivated in the field is configured to be able to be measured, and while the worker carries the quality measuring device, the quality information of the paddy cultivated in the field is collected. You may comprise so that it may measure. Instead of wirelessly transmitting the quality information and the information on the expected harvest amount to the main control device 61, the information may be transmitted to the main control device 61 using a telephone line. Alternatively, it may be configured to input the data to main controller 61 via a storage medium such as an IC card or a floppy disk.

(F) In the first embodiment,
The case where the quality information of the grain to be received is measured in the field is illustrated. Alternatively, a configuration may be adopted in which a sample paddy is collected from rice cultivated in each field, the sample paddy is brought into the grain processing facility, and the quality information is measured by the grain processing facility.

(G) In the first embodiment, the input unit I is used to input a suitable harvest time in addition to the taste and the expected harvest amount for each field, so that the field to be received on a predetermined receiving target day is selected. Alternatively, the quality information Q may be selected so as to fall into one selected from the quality levels Q (A), Q (B), and Q (C) in order of earliest harvest time. In this case, it is possible to prevent the harvest date from greatly deviating from the optimal harvest time, and prevent the quality at the time of harvest from deteriorating.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a receiving process, a drying process, and a storage process in a grain processing facility according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of a hulling adjustment process and a shipping process.

FIG. 3 is a front view of the same quality judgment device.

FIG. 4 is a side view of the quality determination device.

FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram of a vehicle-mounted input unit.

FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional front view of the quality measuring device.

FIG. 7 is a plan view of a sample holding unit of the quality measuring device.

FIG. 8 is a longitudinal sectional side view of a sample holding unit of the quality measuring device.

FIG. 9 is a vertical sectional front view of a sample holding unit of the quality measuring device.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a measurement wavelength and a coefficient for measuring taste.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the flow of grains and various information in the grain processing facility according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a relationship between quality information and a received quantity;

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a procedure for setting a receiving schedule in the grain processing equipment according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a procedure for setting a receiving schedule in the grain processing facility according to the second embodiment.

FIG. 15 is a schematic block diagram of a main part of a grain processing facility according to another embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 61a Receiving schedule setting means 61b Separation form setting means A, B Receiving drying section I Input section C Storage section

Claims (6)

[Claims] Claims 1. A grain processing method for receiving a grain, repeating a receiving and drying treatment step of sorting and drying the received grain in accordance with quality information, wherein the grain is cultivated in a field to be received. The quality information and the expected harvest amount are obtained in a state associated with the field, and based on the quality information and the expected harvest amount obtained in the state associated with the field, corresponding to one receiving and drying process,
A cereal processing method for setting a receiving schedule for determining which receiving and drying step the cereal in each field is to be received in under a condition for receiving an amount suitable for the drying processing capacity in one receiving and drying processing step. 2. A grain processing method in which a grain is received, and the received grain is sorted and dried in accordance with quality information, and a receiving and drying process is repeated, wherein the grain is cultivated in a field to be received. quality information,
The optimal harvest time and the expected harvest amount, which are suitable for harvesting, are obtained in a state associated with the field, and based on the quality information obtained in the state associated with the field, the optimal harvest time and the expected harvest amount, one shipment is received. According to the drying process, under a condition of receiving an amount suitable for the drying capacity in one receiving drying process, the receiving schedule for determining which receiving and drying process the grain in each field is to be received for is set. Grain processing method to be set. 3. A sorting method for sorting and storing the grains dried in the receiving and drying processing step in accordance with the quality information according to quality information in the storage step, The grain processing method according to claim 1, wherein the grain processing method is set based on the obtained quality information and an expected yield. 4. A grain processing facility provided with a receiving / drying processing unit for repeating a receiving / drying process of receiving and receiving a grain and sorting and drying the received grains in accordance with quality information, wherein Inputting the quality information and the expected yield of the cultivated cereal in a state associated with the field, and, based on the information input by the input, in response to one receiving and drying process A receiving schedule setting means for setting a receiving schedule for determining which receiving and drying process the grain in each field is to be received in under a condition for receiving an amount compatible with the drying processing capacity in one receiving and drying process; Have grain processing equipment. 5. A grain processing facility provided with a receiving and drying unit for repeating a receiving and drying process for receiving and receiving a grain and sorting and drying the received grain in accordance with quality information. Quality information of cereals grown in
An input unit for inputting a suitable harvest time and an expected harvest amount, which is a time suitable for harvesting, in a state associated with a field, and, based on the information input by the input unit, corresponding to one receiving and drying process. A receiving schedule setting means for setting a receiving schedule for determining which receiving and drying process the grain in each field is to be received in under a condition for receiving an amount compatible with the drying processing capacity in one receiving and drying process; Have grain processing equipment. 6. A storage unit for separating and storing the grains dried in the receiving and drying processing unit in accordance with the quality information is provided, wherein the storage unit separates and stores the grains in accordance with the quality information. The grain processing equipment according to claim 4 or 5, further comprising a sorting mode setting unit configured to set based on the quality information and the expected yield input by the input unit.