JP2974335B2 - Grain sorting method and apparatus in cereal drying preparation facility - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a rice center, a country elevator,
And the like.

[Conventional technology]

With reference to FIG. 8, a description will be given of a country elevator as an example of a conventional facility for drying and preparing cereals such as a rice center and a country elevator. The harvested high-moisture paddy is put into a receiving hopper 77 in a receiving step 76, and is temporarily stored in a storage tank 78. At that time, the paddy collected from the weighing machine 79 is supplied to a predetermined storage tank 78 based on the varieties and the moisture, rarely taking into account the visual quality, and collected into the same quality paddy. Then, the paddy collected from the weighing machine 79 is dried by a test dryer which is a part of the voluntary verification device 80, and then the paddy is weighed. Is calculated. Then, the farmer is paid based on the calculation result, but the voluntary verification is usually completed on the next day after receiving the cargo, and thus cannot be used for sorting the received paddy. Next, the received paddy is dried by a dryer 81, sent to a gap silo (one-size small silo erected in the gap between the storage silos 83) 82, tempered, and dried until it is dried to safe storage moisture. Circulate between the silo 81 and the gap silo 82, and then move to the storage silo 83 and dry to a predetermined moisture. The paddy finished to the predetermined moisture is temporarily sold to the government and stored in the storage silo 83,
The rice is hulled and shipped as needed.

However, in the conventional cereal drying and preparation facility as described above, sorting is performed according to varieties and moisture.In rare cases, the appearance quality of the received paddy is visually determined, and the received paddy is stored in a predetermined storage tank according to the quality. Although sorting is performed, the determination of the quality by visual inspection always depends on human intuition, and there is a problem that sorting of the paddy into the storage tank becomes inaccurate.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and accurately measures the trait grade, taste or contained components of the received paddy, and can supply the same quality paddy to the same storage tank accurately. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and apparatus for sorting kernels in a facility.

[Means for solving the problem]

To achieve this object, the present invention has the following configuration.

That is, the grain sorting method in the grain drying preparation facility includes a receiving step having a receiving hopper, a roughing machine, and a weighing machine, a storing step including a plurality of storage tanks for temporarily storing the grains that have passed the receiving step, and a high moisture content. In a cereal drying preparation facility comprising a drying step of drying the cereal and a preparation step having a paddy / brown rice sorting device, the trait quality, taste, or chemical component content of the sample grain collected from the cereal grain received in the receiving step The quantity is measured, and the received grain is sorted into predetermined tanks of the plurality of storage tanks based on the measured values.

Further, in order to carry out the method, a grain sorting apparatus in a cereal drying preparation facility is a grain grade discriminating apparatus that measures a trait grade of a sample grain collected from the grain received in the receiving step, and a taste of the sample grain. And a chemical component measuring device for measuring the chemical component content of the sample grains, and a grain quality discriminating device, a grain taste evaluating device or a grain component evaluating device or a chemical component measuring device for receiving goods based on the measured values. Technical measures were taken to communicate with a control device that sorts the grains into predetermined ones of the plurality of storage tanks.

(Operation)

Grains, for example, paddy fed into the receiving hopper are removed by a roughing machine, weighed, and transferred to a storage tank. At that time, a sample paddy is collected from the weighing machine, and the grain quality of the paddy is measured by a grain quality determination device. Based on the measured values, the received paddy is sorted into a plurality of storage tanks in a predetermined tank, and a predetermined amount of the same quality paddy is stored. The paddy stored in the storage tank is dried by a dryer until the water content reaches a predetermined level. The dried paddy is hulled by a huller, sorted by a hulling / brown rice sorting device, and the brown rice is sorted and weighed and shipped as a product. When the received grain is paddy, the trait grade referred to here is measured with brown rice obtained by milling the paddy, and the sized, damaged, immature, dead rice, colored grains and heterogeneous grains of this brown rice are measured. It is expressed by the degree of contamination. Also, in the case of wheat, the main items of the grade specified in the agricultural product standard are shown.

The taste of the sample paddy collected from the weighing machine is measured by a grain taste evaluation device, and the received paddy is sorted into a plurality of storage tanks based on the measured values. In the case of rice, the taste has a correlation with the sensory value of cooking and eating rice.

Further, the content of the sample paddy collected from the weighing machine is measured by the chemical component measuring device, and the received paddy is sorted into a plurality of storage tanks based on the measured value. In the case of rice, the chemical composition of starch is as good as the amount of amylose is high, and the quality is as low as protein.

〔Example〕

Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. First
The figure shows the flow of a country elevator embodying the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a side sectional view of the self-inspection apparatus, FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the grain quality discriminating apparatus, FIG. 4 is a perspective partial view of a sorting apparatus in the grain quality discriminating apparatus, and FIG. FIG. 6 is a schematic front view of a grain taste evaluation or chemical component measuring device, and FIG. 6 is a sectional side view of a main part of a near-infrared spectroscopic analyzer used in the device of FIG.
FIG. 7 is a partially cutaway front view of the sample drying apparatus.

Reference numeral 1 denotes a receiving step for receiving raw material grains, for example, paddy (see FIG. 1), and a receiving hopper-2 for inputting raw materials.
The roughing machine 3 for sorting the received raw material paddy is communicated by the fryer 4, and the refined product outlet of the roughing machine 3 is communicated to the weighing machine 5. Reference numeral 6 denotes a sample measuring device, which includes a voluntary examination device 7, a grain quality determining device 8, a grain evaluating or chemical component measuring device 9, and a sample dryer 10. The outlet of the weighing machine 5 is a fryer 1
1. The storage tanks 13A to 13F are communicated via the carry-in conveyor 12, and the tanks 13A to 13F are communicated to the dryer 16 via the discharge conveyor 14 and the graining machine 15. The dryer 16 communicates with a silo 19 via a graining machine 17 and a carry-in conveyor 18, and the silo 19 includes a storage silo 20 and a gap silo 21 for conditioning the dried rice. Discharge conveyor installed at the bottom of silo 19
22 is connected to a wind separator 26 via a two-way switching valve 23 and a graining machine 25 of a fine selection process 24, and the wind selector 26 is connected to a paddy / brown rice sorter 27 comprising an indent cylinder and a weighing machine 28. To the fryer 17. In addition, the two-way switching valve 23 communicates to the preparation step 28, the preparation step 28 is a huller 29, rocking rice hulling rice sorter 30,
It is composed of a grain sorter 31 and a stone remover 32. Stone removal machine 32 is a two-way switching valve
33 to the shipping process 34, and the shipping process 34
5. It consists of a flexible container bag 36, a weighing machine 37, and a bag mouth sewing machine 38.

Next, the sample measuring device 6 will be described in detail. A paddy weighing machine is provided below the supply hopper 39 of the voluntary verification device 7 (see FIG. 2).
The weighing machine 40 is connected to the hulling rolls 43 via a gutter 41 and a thrower 42. The brown rice grain sorters 44, 44 provided below the hulling rolls 43, 43 communicate with a brown rice weighing machine 45, and the weighing machine 45 communicates with a sample take-out section 48 via a gutter 46 and a thrower 47. ing.

Next, the case of rice in the grain quality determination device (see FIG. 3) will be described. A valve 50 is provided below the supply hopper 49 for discharging a sample of the hulled brown rice by an appropriate amount, and the valve 50 is sent to communicate with the supply side of the feeder 51. The discharge side of the feed feeder 51 is connected to a sorting feeder via an inclined gutter 52.
Reference numeral 53 is a light quantity measuring device, and reference numeral 55 is a sorting device for sorting low quality, for example, skin shift grains, body split grains, colored grains, dead rice, and the like. The sorting device 55 is a sorting feeder.
The suction pipe 56 faces the top of the suction pipe 53, and the upper end of the suction pipe 56 is connected to a horizontally-transported transport pipe 57. One end of each transport pipe 57 is connected to an air compressor (not shown), the other end faces a rice grain receiving box (not shown), reference numeral 58 denotes an electromagnetic valve, and reference numeral 59 denotes a nozzle.

Next, the case of rice in the grain taste evaluation or chemical component measuring device 9 (see FIG. 5) will be described. Display device 60 on the front
, A near-infrared spectroscopic analyzer 61 and a control device 62 are provided therein, and reference numeral 63 denotes a sample container mounting box.

Next, the sample dryer 10 (see FIG. 7) will be described. A drying shelf 64 with a large number of ventilation holes arranged inside it,
A heat generator 65 is provided on one side, and an exhaust fan 66 is provided on the other side,
Reference numeral 67 denotes a sample drying box, and the bottom wall portion 68 is made of a gas-permeable material such as a wire mesh. The paddy stored in the sample drying box 67 is dried by the drying air generated by the hot air generator 65 and the exhaust fan 66.

Next, the operation of the above configuration will be described. Receiving hopper
The raw rice put into 2 is supplied to the roughing machine 3 via the graining machine 4 to remove cuttings, impurities and immature grains, and the roughly selected rice is sent to the weighing machine 5 for weighing. Is done. At that time, a sample paddy is collected from the weighing machine 5 and measured by each measuring device of the sample measuring device 6. However, sampling can be arbitrarily selected, such as a receiving hopper, without necessarily being at this position.

First, the sample paddy is dried to a predetermined moisture content (about 14.5%) by the sample dryer 10, and the dried paddy is supplied to the supply hopper 39 of the independent testing device 7. The paddy supplied to the supply hopper -39 is weighed by a paddy weighing machine 40, and the weighed paddy is fried from a gutter 41 by a thrower 42 and is paddy rolls 43,4.
3 hulling. The hulled brown rice is a brown rice grain sorter 44
The brown rice selected is measured by the brown rice weighing machine 45 to measure the yield.

In addition, a part of the sample paddy collected from the receiving step 1 is hulled with a test huller, and the hulled brown kernels are supplied to the supply hopper 49 of the grain quality determination device 8. Rice paddy 50
Is released to the feed feeder 51 by the rotation of the feed feeder.
The light is supplied to the inclined gutter 52 of the light quantity measuring device 54 by 51. While the rice paddy passes through the slit 69 of the inclined gutter 52, the signals obtained by the reflected light measurement signal and the transmitted light amount measurement signal are digitally processed and their waveforms are analyzed, and the combination of the two light amount measurement signals is performed. To determine the quality of the rice grains.
The signal obtained by the light quantity measuring device 54 is sent to an arithmetic and control unit (not shown), and the sizing, the skin misalignment, the body splitting and the coloring are discriminated to determine the quality of the rice grain. When passing through the sorting device 55, the rice grain determined to be of low quality is sucked from the suction pipe 56 by the operation of the solenoid valve 58 by a signal from the arithmetic and control unit, and is transported to the rice grain receiving box by the transport pipe 57. In addition, you may measure quality with a paddy without hulling.

Then, to measure the taste or chemical component content of rice, the sample paddy is dried at a high speed to about 18% moisture, the brown rice crushed with a test huller is milled with a small mill, and the milled rice is crushed. The sample thus obtained is filled in a sample container 70 (see FIG. 6) of the taste evaluation or chemical component measuring device 9. Near-infrared monochromatic light generated by passing through the narrow band-pass filter 71 is
The sample rice in 70 is irradiated from directly above, and the diffused light from the sample rice reaches the detectors 73 while reflecting on the inner wall of the integrating sphere 72, whereby the intensity of the reflected light is measured. Control device 62
In the arithmetic unit 74, the actual measurement data obtained by the absorbance measurement stored in the RAM of the storage device 75 and the
The component content of rice is measured based on the component conversion coefficient value for calculating the content of each component stored in the ROM in advance.
Further, a taste value of rice is determined based on the component content and a taste conversion coefficient value for taste value calculation stored in advance. In addition, when there are few sorting divisions and high accuracy is not required, the taste may be measured with rice or brown rice without hulling and polishing.

An output signal based on the measured value of the grain quality 8 or the measured value from the taste evaluation of rice or the chemical component measuring device 9 is input to a control device (not shown). Predetermined tank 13A of storage tank 13
Sort and supply paddy to ~ F. In other words, the rice with the high grade and high taste of the rice grains is sorted and supplied from the weighing machine 5 to the tank 13A via the graining machine 15 and the carrying-in conveyor 13, and similarly, the high quality and the low taste are Paddy to 13B, paddy of high quality and high taste to 13C, paddy of high quality and low taste to 13D
The lower grade and higher taste rice are sorted and supplied to 13E, and the lower grade and lower taste rice are sorted and supplied to 13F. In addition,
This combination is variously possible, and the paddy may be sorted and supplied to each tank only depending on the grade or taste. In addition, the chemical component content is closely related to the taste in the case of rice, and it is sufficient to use one of the taste and the chemical component content, and in the case of wheat, the quality of the flour depends on the chemical component content. It is better to use the chemical component content.

When a certain amount of paddy is stored in the storage tank 13, the paddy is sent from the discharge conveyor 14 to the dryer 16 through the graining machine 15,
The paddy dried by the dryer 16 is sent to the gap silo 21 where it is tempered and dried until it is dried to the set moisture.
And the gap silo 21.

In this way, during the harvest period, receiving and drying takes place,
The paddy having the set water content, for example, 18%, is temporarily stored in the storage silo 21. Then, drying is further performed to the finished moisture, for example, 15% from the end of the receiving period. Next, the finished paddy is temporarily sold to the government, stored in a storage silo, hulled if necessary, and shipped. The selling process is as follows.

The paddy dried to a predetermined finish moisture (15%) is air-selected by an air separator 26 in a fine selection step 24 and then sent to a rice / brown rice sorter 27 including indent cylinders provided in a plurality of stages.
In the paddy / brown rice sorter 27, after the hulling mixed in the paddy, that is, the brown rice is separated and eliminated, the paddy is weighed by the weighing machine 28 and then sent to the storage silo 20 for storage.

On the other hand, at the time of hulling / shipping, the hulling in the storage silo 20 is sent to the hulling machine 29 in the preparation process 28, where the hulling is performed.
Weighing machine 35 through brown rice sorter 30, grain sorter 31 and stone extractor 32
, And is shipped in a flexible container bag 36, or is weighed to a small end by a weighing machine 37, and is shipped as a bag body by a bag mouth sewing machine 38.

In addition, as another embodiment, when the grain quality discriminating device 8 and the taste evaluation or chemical component measuring device 9 cannot measure in a short time (when the received paddy is difficult to remove due to high moisture), a large number of Provide a receiving tank of the, once put into the receiving tank for each received paddy, supply the paddy to a predetermined tank of the storage tank 13 after the measurement result measured with brown rice is determined, even if the same quality of paddy Good. Further, the paddy may be dried after the measurement result is obtained, and paddy of the same quality may be collected in a predetermined gap silo 21 while the storage tank 13 is used as a receiving tank and ventilation drying is performed as necessary.

〔The invention's effect〕

According to the present invention, the grade of a sample grain collected from a received grain is measured by a grain grade discriminating apparatus, and the received grain is sorted into predetermined tanks of a plurality of storage tanks based on the measured value. Sorting can be performed accurately without relying on intuition, and drying, preparation and shipping can be controlled for each grain quality, and product quality can be unified.

In addition, the taste or chemical component content of the sample grain is measured by a grain taste evaluation or chemical component measuring device, and based on the measured value, the received grains are sorted into predetermined tanks of a plurality of storage tanks. Drying, preparation, and shipping can be controlled for each taste rank or chemical component content, and product quality can be unified.

Then, the grade of the sample grain is measured by a grain grade discriminating device, and the taste or chemical component content is measured by a grain taste evaluation or chemical component measuring device, respectively, and the measured value of the grade and the measured value of the taste or chemical component content are measured. In order to sort the received grain into predetermined tanks of a plurality of storage tanks based on
Grain quality can be controlled in more detail.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a country elevator embodying the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side sectional view of an independent verification device, and FIG.
FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of a rice grain quality discriminating apparatus, FIG. 4 is a perspective partial view of a sorting apparatus, FIG. 5 is a front view of a rice quality evaluating apparatus, and FIG. 6 is near red used in the quality evaluating apparatus of FIG. FIG. 7 is a partially cutaway front view of a sample drying apparatus, and FIG. 8 is a flowchart of a conventional country elevator. 1 ... receiving process, 2 ... receiving hopper, 3 ... roughing machine,
4 ... Frying machine, 5 ... Measuring machine, 6 ... Sample measuring device, 7
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
11 ... Frying machine, 12 ... Conveyor for loading, 13A-F ... Reservoir, 14 ... Conveyor for discharging, 15 ... Flying machine, 16 ...
... Dryer, 17 ... Fryer, 18 ... Conveyor for loading, 19 ...
... silos, 20 ... storage silos, 21 ... gap silos, 22 ...
… Conveyor for discharge, 23… Two-way switching valve, 24 …… Selection process, 25 …… Frying machine, 26 …… Wind sorter, 27 …… Rice and brown rice sorter, 28 …… Preparation process, 29… ... Hulling machine, 30 ... Rice / brown rice sorting machine, 31 ... Grain sorting machine, 32 ... Stone removal machine, 33 ... Two-way switching valve, 34 ... Shipment process, 35 ... Measuring machine, 36 ... Flexible container bag, 37… Measuring machine, 38… Stack sewing machine, 39… Supply hopper, 40… Measuring machine for paddy, 41… Gutter, 42… Slower, 43… Rug roll, 44 …… Brown rice grain sorter, 45 ……
Brown rice weighing machine, 46… Gutter, 47… Slower, 48… Sample removal unit, 49… Supply hopper, 50… Valve, 51…
... feed feeder, 52 ... inclined gutter, 53 ... selection feeder, 54 ... light quantity measuring device, 55 ... selection device, 56 ... suction tube, 57 ... conveyance tube, 58 ... solenoid valve , 59 ... Nozzle, 60
…… Display device, 61 …… Near infrared spectroscopy device, 62 …… Control device, 63 …… Sample container mounting box, 64 …… Drying shelf, 65 …… Heat generator, 66 …… Air blower, 67… ... Sample drying box, 68 ... Bottom wall, 69 ... Slit, 70 ... Sample container, 71 ... Narrow band pass filter, 72 ... Integrating sphere, 73 ... Detector, 74 ... Computing device 75 Storage device, 76 Receiving process, 77 Receiving hopper, 78 Storage tank, 79 Measuring machine, 80 Independent verification device, 81 Dryer, 82 Silo gap, 83 ……
Storage silos.

Claims (9)

(57) [Claims] Claims: 1. A receiving step having a receiving hopper, a roughing machine, and a weighing machine, a storing step including a plurality of storage tanks for temporarily storing grains passing through the receiving step, and a drying step of drying high-moisture grains. In a cereal drying preparation facility composed of a huller and a preparation step having a paddy / brown rice sorting device, the trait quality of sample grains collected from the grains to be received in the receiving step is measured, and the reception is performed based on the measured values. A method for sorting cereals in a cereal drying preparation facility, wherein cereals are sorted into predetermined tanks of the plurality of storage tanks. 2. A receiving step having a receiving hopper, a roughing machine, and a weighing machine, a storing step including a plurality of storage tanks for temporarily storing the grains having passed through the receiving step, and a drying step for drying high-moisture grains. In a cereal drying preparation facility comprising a huller and a preparation step having a paddy / brown rice sorting device, the taste of sample grains collected from the grains received in the receiving step is measured, and the received grains are measured based on the measured values. In a drying and preparing facility for cereals, wherein the cereals are sorted into predetermined tanks of the plurality of storage tanks. 3. A receiving step having a receiving hopper, a roughing machine, and a weighing machine, a storing step including a plurality of storage tanks for temporarily storing the grains having passed through the receiving step, and a drying step of drying high-moisture grains. In a grain drying preparation facility comprising a huller and a preparation step having a paddy / brown rice sorting device, the trait grade and taste of sample grains collected from the grains received in the receiving step are measured, and the measured values A method for sorting grains in a cereal drying and preparation facility, comprising sorting received grains into predetermined tanks of the plurality of storage tanks based on the received grain. 4. A receiving step having a receiving hopper, a roughing machine, and a weighing machine, a storing step including a plurality of storage tanks for temporarily storing the grains having passed through the receiving step, and a drying step for drying high-moisture grains. In a grain drying preparation facility comprising a huller and a preparation step having a paddy / brown rice sorting apparatus, the chemical component content of sample grains collected from the grains received in the receiving step is measured, and the measured value A method for sorting grains in a cereal drying and preparation facility, comprising sorting received grains into predetermined tanks of the plurality of storage tanks based on the received grain. 5. The grain sorting method according to claim 4, wherein the chemical component content is a content ratio of amylose or amylopectin constituting starch or a protein among the chemical components contained in the grain. A method for sorting cereals in a cereal drying and preparing facility. 6. A receiving step having a receiving hopper, a roughing machine and a weighing machine, a storing step including a plurality of storage tanks for temporarily storing the grains having passed through the receiving step, and a drying step for drying high moisture grains. In a grain drying preparation facility comprising a huller and a preparation step having a paddy / brown rice sorting apparatus, a grain grade discriminating apparatus for measuring a trait grade of a sample grain collected from the receiving step, and the grain grade discrimination A grain sorting apparatus in a cereal drying and preparing facility, wherein the apparatus is in communication with a controller that sorts received grains into predetermined tanks of the plurality of storage tanks based on a measurement value from the apparatus. 7. A receiving step having a receiving hopper, a roughing machine, and a weighing machine, a storing step including a plurality of storage tanks for temporarily storing the grains having passed through the receiving step, and a drying step for drying high-moisture grains. In a cereal drying preparation facility comprising a huller and a preparation step having a paddy / brown rice sorting apparatus, a grain taste evaluation apparatus for measuring the taste of sample grains collected from the receiving step, and the grain taste evaluation apparatus A sorter for sorting the received grains into predetermined tanks of the plurality of storage tanks based on the measured values from the storage tank. 8. A receiving step having a receiving hopper, a roughing machine, and a weighing machine, a storing step including a plurality of storage tanks for temporarily storing the grains having passed through the receiving step, and a drying step for drying high-moisture grains. In a grain drying preparation facility comprising a huller and a preparation step having a paddy / brown rice sorting apparatus, a grain grade discriminating apparatus for measuring a trait grade of a sample grain collected from the receiving step and a taste of the sample grain. The grain taste evaluation device to be measured and the control device for sorting received grains into predetermined tanks of the plurality of storage tanks based on the measured values from the grain quality determination device and the grain taste evaluation device were communicated. A grain sorting apparatus in a cereal drying and preparing facility, characterized in that: 9. A receiving step having a receiving hopper, a roughing machine, and a weighing machine, a storing step including a plurality of storage tanks for temporarily storing the grains having passed through the receiving step, and a drying step for drying high-moisture grains. In a grain drying preparation facility comprising a huller and a preparation step having a paddy / brown rice sorting device, a chemical component measuring device that measures the chemical component content of sample grains collected from the grains received in the receiving step. And a controller that sorts the received grains into predetermined ones of the plurality of storage tanks based on a measurement value from the chemical component measuring device, and communicates with the controller.